CN108560749A - 一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,包括内侧辅层、隔音层和外侧辅层,所述隔音层设置在内测辅层和外侧辅层之间,所述内侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,所述外侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,所述隔音层为泡沫树脂层压板,所述内侧辅层为聚氨酯保温板,所述外侧辅层为铝合金复合材料。所述的复合材料,可释放出对人体有益的空气负离子,为人们使用蛋屋时提供了良好的空气基础。且方便蛋屋的搬运和安装,并可以根据对于美观的要求,设计出各种形状的蛋屋。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域,特别涉及一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料。
背景技术
蛋屋,为可移动的建筑屋,他的名字来源于外表,是一个球形结构的建筑体,看起来像是一个刚刚孵化而出的蛋。作为可移动低功耗建筑,蛋屋的底部的四根钢柱让主体临架与基地之上,减少建筑与地面的接触,降低对自然生态的影响,同时防止外部事物对使用者的干扰。两端的弧形液压窗开闭自如,随时可以感受大自然的气息。通常需要将它放进集装箱、卡车、定制拖车,方便运输和移动。
现在的可移动房屋,大多采用的是集装箱式。如专利CN103216115A公开的一种模块化整体移动式房屋,解决了现有模块化房屋现场施工量大、运输受到局限等问题,包括由底部结构、顶部结构和立柱构成的框架,其技术要点是:把底部主梁、顶部主梁分别与空心角件的无孔面焊接构成独立的底部、顶部封闭框,通过立柱将底部封闭框和顶部封闭框焊接在一起形成整体结构框架;在其内组装冷弯薄壁型钢龙骨构成模块化整体移动式房屋的分格。其结构设计合理,除保留模块化房屋全部构件在工厂内完成的优点外,还具有显著提高防火、保温性能,减轻整体重量,增加框架承重能力的特点,利于以集装箱式运输方式整体移动,现场组装、维护便捷、施工量小,作业效率高,容易制成满足各种户型、不同层高等要求的精装修模块化房屋。专利CN103052535A公开了一种拖车式房屋、休闲车等的移动房屋,该移动房屋包括从主结构枢轴转动的室外平台段。当在开放配置时,平台可供使用,而当移动时,平台部分被移动以与主结构整合。
目前的移动房屋所使用的材料,都过重,不方便运输和移动;所用的材料施工复杂,形状单一,多为集装箱式。而蛋屋需要的是质轻且可以设计多种形状的材料。且目前所用材料不能满足人们对于高质量空气的需求。
因此,基于上述目前存在的问题,本发明采用一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,可以净化空气,满足人们对空气质量的需求;且质轻,方便蛋屋的搬运和安装,并可以根据对于美观的要求,设计出各种形状的蛋屋。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供了一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,释放出对人体有益的空气负离子,为人们使用蛋屋时提供了良好的空气基础。且方便蛋屋的搬运和安装,并可以根据对于美观的要求,设计出各种形状的蛋屋。
为了实现上述目的,本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现:
一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,包括内侧辅层、隔音层和外侧辅层,隔音层设置在内测辅层和外侧辅层之间,内侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,外侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,隔音层为泡沫树脂层压板,内侧辅层为聚氨酯保温板,外侧辅层为铝合金复合材料。通过多层的设置,保障了外壳材料具有抗拉、抗压、抗冲击强度大的特点。且在表面涂覆有负离子涂层,在满足对蛋屋外壳强度需求的同时又赋予材料的功能性,释放出对人体有益的空气负离子,为人们使用蛋屋时提供了良好的空气基础。
进一步,负离子涂层外侧涂有聚丙烯酰胺涂料层,用聚丙烯酰胺涂料代替常规使用的内墙涂料中的聚乙烯醇缩甲醛,可以消除由于聚乙烯醇缩甲醛中的游离甲醛所造成的对环境的污染。
其中,负离子涂层按重量份由以下组份构成:海鸥石负离子添加剂1-10份,负离子释放增强剂0.5-3份,聚氨酯粉末100-120份,增塑剂15-35份,韧性粘结剂35-65份,十二烷基苯磺酸钠5-15份,消泡剂5-10份,稀释剂5-25份。6.根据权利要求3所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述海鸥石负离子添加剂为改性电气石。其中,负离子释放增强剂为掺入0.5%-1.5%稀土元素的二氧化钛。稀释剂为烃类溶剂。韧性粘结剂为韧性无机粘结剂、韧性有机粘结剂、植物蛋白胶粉、植物蛋白纤维中的一种或多种。负离子涂层为按配比,将海鸥石负离子添加剂、负离子释放增强剂及其他助剂,搅拌混合即可。负离子具有森林功能,广泛适用于家庭、学校、医院、高档公寓和饮食操作间等环境 的涂装。负离子主要是通过电、化学和物理等三方面的作用,即通过电性中和作用、化学反应和物理吸附等而实现净化空气的目的,具有延缓衰老、促进血液循环和新陈代谢、改善睡眠、增强免疫力、清新空气、除菌除臭的功效。负离子涂料具有广阔的应用前景,它不仅具有常规涂料的基本性能,还具有释放负离子、发射远红外、抗菌防霉及净化空气的作用,正成为建筑内墙涂料的首选产品。而本发明采用的负离子涂层,通过添加负离子释放增强剂,提高负离子的释放效率。
其中,铝合金复合材料按重量份由以下组分构成:铝合金50-70份,碳纤维材料20-30份,聚氨酯树脂10-25份;铝合金呈发泡体结构,发泡体孔隙内注入碳纤维材料与聚氨酯树脂混合物;碳纤维材料由聚丙烯基碳纤和石墨纤维组成。本发明采用的铝合金复合材料不仅具有密度小、耐腐蚀、奶冲击等有点,而且易于制造各种形状的曲面,便于一体成型,减少装配工序。在制造蛋屋时使用,方便蛋屋的搬运和安装,并可以根据对于美观的要求,设计出各种形状的蛋屋。
其中,泡沫树脂层压板由装饰层、泡沫保温木塑层和不锈钢板层构成,泡沫保温木塑层按重量份由以下组分构成:聚苯乙烯100-120份,木质纤维35-65份,发泡剂2-5份,增塑剂1-3份,阻燃剂5-10份;装饰板通过热压机粘结在泡沫保温木塑层一侧,泡沫保温木塑层另一侧粘结不锈钢板层。本发明的泡沫树脂层压板,除隔音外还兼具保温的效果。同时采用聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料木质纤维所制成的材料不仅具有防火、防水、防腐蚀、耐潮湿、防虫蛀、耐酸碱、无毒害、无污染等优良性能,且寿命长,质坚、量轻的特点。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果:
1.本发明的蛋屋外壳通过多层的设置,保障了外壳材料具有抗拉、抗压、抗冲击强度大的特点。且在表面涂覆有负离子涂层,在满足对蛋屋外壳强度需求的同时又赋予材料的功能性,释放出对人体有益的空气负离子,为人们使用蛋屋时提供了良好的空气基础。并通过添加负离子释放增强剂,提高负离子的释放效率。
2.本发明采用的铝合金复合材料不仅具有密度小、耐腐蚀、奶冲击等有点,而且易于制造各种形状的曲面,便于一体成型,减少装配工序。同时采用聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料木质纤维所制成的材料不仅具有防火、防水、防腐蚀、耐潮湿、防虫蛀、耐酸碱、无毒害、无污染等优良性能,且寿命长,质坚、量轻的特点。因此在制造蛋屋时使用,方便蛋屋的搬运和安装,并可以根据对于美观的要求,设计出各种形状的蛋屋。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的技术方案和要点更加清楚,下面对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,因此只作为示例,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
需要注意的是,除非另有说明,本申请使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。
实施例 一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料
一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,包括内侧辅层、隔音层和外侧辅层,隔音层设置在内测辅层和外侧辅层之间,内侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,外侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,隔音层为泡沫树脂层压板,内侧辅层为聚氨酯保温板,外侧辅层为铝合金复合材料。通过多层的设置,保障了外壳材料具有抗拉、抗压、抗冲击强度大的特点。且在表面涂覆有负离子涂层,在满足对蛋屋外壳强度需求的同时又赋予材料的功能性,释放出对人体有益的空气负离子,为人们使用蛋屋时提供了良好的空气基础。负离子涂层外侧涂有聚丙烯酰胺涂料层,用聚丙烯酰胺涂料代替常规使用的内墙涂料中的聚乙烯醇缩甲醛,可以消除由于聚乙烯醇缩甲醛中的游离甲醛所造成的对环境的污染。其中,负离子涂层按重量份由以下组份构成:海鸥石负离子添加剂1-10份,负离子释放增强剂0.5-3份,聚氨酯粉末100-120份,增塑剂15-35份,韧性粘结剂35-65份,十二烷基苯磺酸钠5-15份,消泡剂5-10份,稀释剂5-25份。6.根据权利要求3所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述海鸥石负离子添加剂为改性电气石。其中,负离子释放增强剂为掺入0.5%-1.5%稀土元素的二氧化钛。稀释剂为烃类溶剂。韧性粘结剂为韧性无机粘结剂、韧性有机粘结剂、植物蛋白胶粉、植物蛋白纤维中的一种或多种。负离子涂层为按配比,将海鸥石负离子添加剂、负离子释放增强剂及其他助剂,搅拌混合即可。负离子具有森林功能,广泛适用于家庭、学校、医院、高档公寓和饮食操作间等环境 的涂装。负离子主要是通过电、化学和物理等三方面的作用,即通过电性中和作用、化学反应和物理吸附等而实现净化空气的目的,具有延缓衰老、促进血液循环和新陈代谢、改善睡眠、增强免疫力、清新空气、除菌除臭的功效。负离子涂料具有广阔的应用前景,它不仅具有常规涂料的基本性能,还具有释放负离子、发射远红外、抗菌防霉及净化空气的作用,正成为建筑内墙涂料的首选产品。而本发明采用的负离子涂层,通过添加负离子释放增强剂,提高负离子的释放效率。
其中,铝合金复合材料按重量份由以下组分构成:铝合金50-70份,碳纤维材料20-30份,聚氨酯树脂10-25份;铝合金呈发泡体结构,发泡体孔隙内注入碳纤维材料与聚氨酯树脂混合物;碳纤维材料由聚丙烯基碳纤和石墨纤维组成。本发明采用的铝合金复合材料不仅具有密度小、耐腐蚀、奶冲击等有点,而且易于制造各种形状的曲面,便于一体成型,减少装配工序。在制造蛋屋时使用,方便蛋屋的搬运和安装,并可以根据对于美观的要求,设计出各种形状的蛋屋。铝合金复合材料的制备方法为:将Mg、Zn、Cu、Ti、Si的可溶性盐加入到可溶性铝盐粉末中,进行搅拌充分混合得到混合粉末;加入混合粉末加入到水中,并加入分散剂,形成分散性良好的悬浊液;采用棉花块吸附悬浊液,然后进行高温烧结,得到发泡体结构的铝合金;将碳纤维材料加入到聚氨酯树脂中,搅拌得到混合液;脱脂棉吸附混合液,然后注入铝合金发泡体结构,然后高温烧结,反复多次,得到碳 纤维强力铝合金;将碳纤维强力铝合金放入到铝合金悬浊液中,然后高温烧结,即可得到所述的轻量化复合材料。
其中,泡沫树脂层压板由装饰层、泡沫保温木塑层和不锈钢板层构成,泡沫保温木塑层按重量份由以下组分构成:聚苯乙烯100-120份,木质纤维35-65份,发泡剂2-5份,增塑剂1-3份,阻燃剂5-10份;装饰板通过热压机粘结在泡沫保温木塑层一侧,泡沫保温木塑层另一侧粘结不锈钢板层。本发明的泡沫树脂层压板,除隔音外还兼具保温的效果。同时采用聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料木质纤维所制成的材料不仅具有防火、防水、防腐蚀、耐潮湿、防虫蛀、耐酸碱、无毒害、无污染等优良性能,且寿命长,质坚、量轻的特点。
负离子涂层净化原理:
电气石是一类有Na、Al、Mg、B、Fe等元素组成的天然硅酸盐矿物、它具有天然的电极性、压电性和热电性。当它受到外界能量激励时,即受外力作用或受热时,在晶体二端会产生正、负电荷分离,形成电位差,其电位差可高达百万电子伏特,足以使表面吸附水分或空气产生电离,而瞬间放电,当水分子电离的H+离子被电气石的负极吸引、电中和而生成H原子,H++e=H。由于H原子体积小、质量轻,容易在电气石表面逃逸,释放到大气层中,而剩下的OH-离子可与水分子结合生成羟基水分子,或二个羟基脱去一份水成负氧离子2OH-=H2O+O-,释放到空气中成为负氧离子。要使电气石能永久地释放出负离子,除了要有一定水分(空气中保持一定湿度) 外,还必须外界为电气石提供一定能量,这种能量包括:放射性元素(α,β,γ射线)作用、太阳光(紫外线、红外线、可见光)、热量、机械摩擦等。本发明能提高电气石释放负离子能力的添加剂是在TiO2中掺有适量的稀土元素,利用光催化原理,它可以吸收太阳光中的能量,提供给电气石,提高电气石的负离子释放能力。单纯TiO2由于禁带宽度较宽,激发光波范围小,光生电子和空穴复合率高,只有在紫外光照射下才能显示较好光催化活性,然而到达地球的太阳光中紫外线仅占4%,而可见光能量占45%,因此如何拓宽TiO2在可见光范围的催化活性,具有重要应用价值。研究证明,在TiO2中掺入适量稀土元素,可以提高TiO2在可见光范围的催化活性,其机理是:在TiO2中掺入某些杂质,包括稀土元素,可在禁带中引入杂质能级,从而减少了禁带宽度,使价带上电子可以接受波长较长可见光,激发到杂质能级上,再通过吸收能量,从杂质能级上跃迁到导带上,从而降低了电子受激发所需要的能量。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,包括内侧辅层、隔音层和外侧辅层,所述隔音层设置在内测辅层和外侧辅层之间,所述内侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,所述外侧辅层远离隔音层侧具有负离子涂层,所述隔音层为泡沫树脂层压板,所述内侧辅层为聚氨酯保温板,所述外侧辅层为铝合金复合材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述负离子涂层外侧涂有聚丙烯酰胺涂料层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述负离子涂层按重量份由以下组份构成:
海鸥石负离子添加剂 1-10份
负离子释放增强剂 0.5-3份
聚氨酯粉末 100-120份
增塑剂 15-35份
韧性粘结剂 35-65份
十二烷基苯磺酸钠 5-15份
消泡剂 5-10份
稀释剂 5-25份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述铝合金复合材料按重量份由以下组分构成:
铝合金 50-70份
碳纤维材料 20-30份
聚氨酯树脂 10-25份;
所述铝合金呈发泡体结构,发泡体孔隙内注入碳纤维材料与聚氨酯树脂混合物;所述碳纤维材料由聚丙烯基碳纤和石墨纤维组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述泡沫树脂层压板由装饰层、泡沫保温木塑层和不锈钢板层构成,所述泡沫保温木塑层按重量份由以下组分构成:
聚苯乙烯 100-120份
木质纤维 35-65份
发泡剂 2-5份
增塑剂 1-3份
阻燃剂 5-10份;
所述装饰板通过热压机粘结在泡沫保温木塑层一侧,泡沫保温木塑层另一侧粘结不锈钢板层。
6.根据权利要求3所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述海鸥石负离子添加剂为改性电气石。
7.根据权利要求6所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述负离子释放增强剂为掺入0.5%-1.5%稀土元素的二氧化钛。
8.根据权利要求7所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述稀释剂为烃类溶剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述韧性粘结剂为韧性无机粘结剂、韧性有机粘结剂、植物蛋白胶粉、植物蛋白纤维中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求9所述的基于蛋屋外壳的复合材料,其特征在于,所述负离子涂层为按配比,将海鸥石负离子添加剂、负离子释放增强剂及其他助剂,搅拌混合即可。
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CN106760672A (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-31 | 四川华帅建筑设计有限公司 | 一种移动式节能建筑物 |
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CN202248559U (zh) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-05-30 | 天津市艾迪聚氨酯工业有限公司 | 一种铝合金复合板材屋顶 |
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CN205777665U (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-12-07 | 平潭北创旅游开发有限公司 | 蛋形单身公寓 |
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