CN108558786A - 一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂及其应用 - Google Patents

一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂及其应用 Download PDF

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CN108558786A
CN108558786A CN201810640034.5A CN201810640034A CN108558786A CN 108558786 A CN108558786 A CN 108558786A CN 201810640034 A CN201810640034 A CN 201810640034A CN 108558786 A CN108558786 A CN 108558786A
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吴莉
左波
董志兵
刘敏
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Daqing Yingke Technology Co ltd
Suzhou 30 Billion Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂及其应用。开了本发明的一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,以具有下式所示化合物2‑氨基苯并恶唑类化合物为成分:其中,R基团选自烷基、硝基和卤素原子中的任意一种或二种以上;R2基团均选自烷基。一种润滑油,包括上述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂。本发明提供一种2‑氨基苯并恶唑类化合物作为润滑油添加剂,将合成的一系列2‑氨基苯并恶唑类化合物,作为有效的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂用于润滑基础油中,2‑氨基苯并恶唑类化合物是极性杂环类物质,且分子结构中具有利于减摩的活性元素N,可有效控制和减少以该类润滑油为润滑介质的摩擦副的摩擦系数以及磨损程度,提高润滑油的使用有效性和可靠性。

Description

一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油添加剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂及其应用。
背景技术
润滑油中确保润滑油理化性能指标的主要是润滑油添加剂。经过选择以及使用特殊的添加剂可以使润滑油具备更好的减摩抗磨性能。工业的发展以及社会的进步对润滑油添加剂的要求越来越高,性能优异并且绿色环保是当今润滑油添加剂的发展趋势。现代生活和工业生产跟自动化与机械化是离不开的,在机械设备中,只要有相互接触并且产生相对运动的部件摩擦现象就会在其表面产生,然而长时间的摩擦就会磨损其中的部件,进而造成零部件损坏。在现实生产和生活中摩擦磨损现象比比皆是,与大家的生活密不可分,有数据显示,部件间的摩擦使世界上三分之一以上的一次能源被白白消耗掉。作为机械设备与材料失效的三大主要原因之一,磨损导致了世界上百分之六十以上的机械材料的消耗。所以,研究摩擦学,减小摩擦、磨损形成的损失,就变得十分重要。润滑油能够降低相对运动的机件间因接触产生的摩擦与磨损。润滑油是当今工业中应用最多的润滑剂之一,润滑油的主要成分包括润滑基础油和各种润滑油添加剂,他们按照一定的比例复配制成相应的润滑油。润滑油主要功能是减摩、抗磨损作用,因此减摩、抗磨损添加剂是润滑油中及其重要的组成部分之一,直接影响到摩擦部件的摩擦性能的稳定性和减摩、抗磨性能的实现。
润滑油基础油主要包括矿物基础油、合成基础油以及生物基础油三大类。而酯类润滑基础油与矿物基础油相比,酯类润滑基础油的使用面更广,性能更好,使用年限更长,而且减磨效果更好,具备更好的生物降解性,是一种符合环保需要的润滑基础油,并且能广泛满足现代机械日益苛刻的使用要求。所以,关于高效能的润滑油减摩添加剂的开发是十分必要的,从而确保酯型润滑油的使用稳定性、可靠性及优越的减摩抗磨性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,针对现有技术的上述不足,提出一种减磨效果好的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂及稳定性好、可靠性强及优越的减摩抗磨性能的润滑油。
本发明的一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,以具有下式所示化合物2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物为成分:
其中,R基团选自烷基、硝基和卤素原子中的任意一种或二种以上;R2基团均选自烷基。
优选的,R基团选自的卤素原子。
优选的,R基团为氯原子或溴原子。
优选的,所述R2为C1~4烷基。
优选的,R基团为邻、间或对位单取代。
一种润滑油,包括上述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂。
优选的,所述润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂的添加量为0.8wt%~1.5 wt%,以基础油的质量为100wt%计。
优选的,所述润滑油的基础油为酯类基础油。
优选的,所述酯类基础油为偏苯三酸三异癸基酯或三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯。
本发明提供一种2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物作为润滑油添加剂,将合成的一系列2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物,作为有效的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂用于润滑基础油中,2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物是极性杂环类物质,且分子结构中具有利于减摩的活性元素N,可有效控制和减少以该类润滑油为润滑介质的摩擦副的摩擦系数以及磨损程度,提高润滑油的使用有效性和可靠性。
附图说明
图1是本发明2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物结构式;
图2是本发明的减摩抗磨添加剂溶解于己二酸二异辛酯中所制备的润滑油的摩擦系数随时间变化图;
图3是本发明的减摩抗磨添加剂溶解于偏苯三酸三异癸基酯中所制备的润滑油的摩擦系数随时间变化图;
图4是本发明的减摩抗磨添加剂溶解于三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯中所制备的润滑油的摩擦系数随时间变化图。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
将添加剂顺序编号1~10的N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-6-甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、5-氯-N, N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-硝基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-苯并恶唑胺、6-氯-N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-三甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、5-溴-N,N,二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二乙基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二乙基-5-硝基-2-苯并恶唑胺分别以1wt%加入己二酸二异辛酯(简称DE)中,使添加剂全部溶解,制备成相应润滑油。
实施例2
将添加剂顺序编号1~10的N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-6-甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、5-氯-N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-硝基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-苯并恶唑胺、6-氯-N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-三甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、5-溴-N,N,二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二乙基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二乙基-5-硝基-2-苯并恶唑胺分别以1wt.%加入偏苯三酸三异癸基酯(简称TMT)中,使添加剂全部溶解,制备成相应润滑油。
实施例3
将添加剂顺序编号1~10的N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-6-甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、5-氯-N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-硝基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-苯并恶唑胺、6-氯-N,N-二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二甲基-5-甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、5-溴-N,N,二甲基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二乙基-2-苯并恶唑胺、N,N-二乙基-5-硝基-2-苯并恶唑胺分别以1wt.%加入三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯(简称TMPTO)中,使添加剂全部溶解,制备成相应润滑油。
实施例4
利用UTM-3型微摩擦试验机(德国布鲁克公司)对实施例1、2、3中的润滑油进行微摩擦试验。试验时,使用NSK公司生产的51103型止推球轴承的一个钢球(直径为4.45mm)作为静试件,圆环(止推球轴承压盖)作为旋转运动的盘试件,以50r/min的转速旋转,环形摩擦路径的半径为11.5mm。试验载荷通过球试件的中心线垂直施加。试验历时为1h,载荷条件为30N。被测试的试样液体被盛入特制的圆环夹持器附带的油池中,试验时球-盘摩擦副的摩擦表面应完全浸入试验液体中,试验在室温下进行。试验过程中,摩擦系数(coefficientof friction,COF)由电脑自动记录,然后软件计算得到平均摩擦系数。试验结束后,在读数显微镜下测量试验钢球(静磨具件);作为动试件的试验盘的磨损量,则不被测量。
图1是本发明2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物结构式。
图2是本发明的减摩抗磨添加剂溶解于己二酸二异辛酯中所制备的润滑油的摩擦系数随时间变化图。
图3是本发明的减摩抗磨添加剂溶解于偏苯三酸三异癸基酯中所制备的润滑油的摩擦系数随时间变化图。
图4是本发明的减摩抗磨添加剂溶解于三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯中所制备的润滑油的摩擦系数随时间变化图。
摩擦试验结果如表1所示。实验结果表明:将合成的添加剂N,N-二甲基-5-硝基苯并恶唑、N,N-二甲基-5-叔丁基苯并恶唑、N,N-二乙基苯并恶唑分别以1wt%加入己二酸二异辛酯(简称DE)中;5-氯- N,N-二甲基苯并恶唑、N,N-二甲基-5-叔丁基苯并恶唑、6-氯-N,N-二甲基苯并恶唑、N,N-二乙基苯并恶唑分别以1wt%加入偏苯三酸三异癸基酯(简称TMT)中;N,N-二甲基-5-硝基苯并恶唑、N,N-二甲基-5-叔丁基苯并恶唑、N,N-二甲基-5甲基苯并恶唑分别以1wt%加入三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯(简称TMPTO)中,均可以显著的提高酯型润滑油的减摩抗磨性能。
表1 2-氨基苯并恶唑类减摩添加剂所制备的酯型润滑油作为润滑剂时的微摩擦试验结果
本发明的一系列2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物,作为润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂用于酯型润滑基础油中,达到有效降低以2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂为添加剂的酯型润滑油作为润滑介质时的摩擦副的摩擦系数以及磨损程度,达到良好的减摩抗磨性能。2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物是极性杂环类物质,且分子结构中具有利于减摩的活性元素N,因此当酯类物质作为润滑基础油时,2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物能很好的溶解于酯类基础油中,并作为润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂使相应润滑油达到好的减摩抗磨效果。
以上未涉及之处,适用于现有技术。
虽然已经通过示例对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明,但是本领域的技术人员应该理解,以上示例仅是为了进行说明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围,本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例来做出各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,但并不会偏离本发明的方向或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解,凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施方式所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,其特征在于:以具有下式所示化合物2-氨基苯并恶唑类化合物为成分:
其中,R基团选自烷基、硝基和卤素原子中的任意一种或二种以上;R2基团均选自烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,其特征在于:R基团选自的卤素原子。
3.如权利要求2所述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,其特征在于:R基团为氯原子或溴原子。
4.如权利要求1所述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,其特征在于:所述R2为C1~4烷基。
5.如权利要求1所述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂,其特征在于:R基团为邻、间或对位单取代。
6.一种润滑油,其特征在于:包括如权利要求1~4任一所述的润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种润滑油,其特征在于:所述润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂的添加量为0.8wt%~1.5 wt%,以基础油的质量为100wt%计。
8.如权利要求6所述的一种润滑油,其特征在于:所述润滑油的基础油为酯类基础油。
9.如权利要求8所述的一种润滑油,其特征在于:所述酯类基础油为偏苯三酸三异癸基酯或三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯。
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