CN108558578A - A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof improving soil physico-chemical property - Google Patents
A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof improving soil physico-chemical property Download PDFInfo
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- CN108558578A CN108558578A CN201810629834.7A CN201810629834A CN108558578A CN 108558578 A CN108558578 A CN 108558578A CN 201810629834 A CN201810629834 A CN 201810629834A CN 108558578 A CN108558578 A CN 108558578A
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- 0 CC*(*P(*)C(C)(C)C(C)C)N*([P@](C(C)(C)C)(O)=O)=[O+] Chemical compound CC*(*P(*)C(C)(C)C(C)C)N*([P@](C(C)(C)C)(O)=O)=[O+] 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which is prepared from the following components：High molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, humic acid, biostatic agent and trace element, high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is prepared by substances such as semicarbazides, aldehyde compound, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, catalyst, nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium release curve can be seen that from the slow-release compound fertilizer, the slow-release compound fertilizer has very high utilization rate, the usage amount and fertilizer application frequency of chemical fertilizer can be reduced in this way, reduce production cost, it reduces environmental pollution, and the slow-release compound fertilizer can be obviously improved the physicochemical property of soil, and soil fertility is made to increase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to slow release chemical fertilizer field, specifically a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer for improving soil physico-chemical property and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
China is a population and large agricultural country, and in order to meet people’s lives demand, it is China to greatly develop agricultural
One important measure, chemical fertilizer play important role in terms of increasing crop yield, and China can be supported with the arable land for accounting for the world 7%
The population in the worlds Liao Zhan 22%, it may be said that chemical fertilizer plays very important effect, still, chemical fertilizer be manured into soil in after, due to change
Fertilizer is readily volatilized, is lost in, elutes or by soil fixing, cause the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer to reduce, China's chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is not high, this season
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is only 30-35%, and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is only 10-25%, potassium utilization rate 35-50%；Applicationization for a long time
Fertilizer can also cause soil acidification or alkalization, soil hardening to destroy soil texture, so that soil is lost activity, and reduce crop quality,
Therefore, reduce loss of chemical fertilizer, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, prevent chemical fertilizer to the pollution of soil at research chemical fertilizer important content it
One.
Slow release fertilizer refers to that fertilizer nutrient rate of release is slow, and acquisition time is longer, can in the entire growth period of crop
Meet the fertilizer of plant growth demand, this fertilizer, which has, to be improved chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduces usage amount and fertilizer application frequency, reduction life
Production cost, reduce environmental pollution, improve the advantages that crop products quality, slow-release fertilizer is mainly coat fertilizer, using slow dissolubility without
Machine object or high molecular polymer are in one tunic of fertiliser granulates outsourcing, the dissolving with inorganic matter or polymer membrane or drop
Solution, fertilizer slowly release, provide nutritional ingredient needed for plant, but after coat fertilizer is manured into soil, need to wait for that coated fertilizer is molten
Fertilizer could discharge after solution or degradation, this process is longer, and efficient absorption is unable in the crop short time and utilizes Fertilizer nutrient ingredient,
Simultaneously because film-coated and slow release fertilizer is expensive, toxic coating solvent, coating process complexity and investment are big, coated fertilizer it is difficult to degrade
Many reasons such as property limit its development, therefore, in order to adapt to the development of modern agriculture, develop a kind of high usage, low stream
Mistake rate, while the new-type fertilizer for reducing environmental pollution has great importance.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of slow-release compound fertilizers and preparation method thereof improving soil physico-chemical property, with solution
Certainly the problems of the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：A kind of sustained release improving soil physico-chemical property is compound
Fertilizer, the slow-release compound fertilizer include the component of following parts by weight：40-60 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, humic acid 15-
0.01-0.02 parts of 30 parts, 0.01-0.05 parts of biostatic agent and trace element.
The basic structure of humic acid macromolecular is aromatic ring and alicyclic ring, and carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, quinonyl, methoxyl group are connected on ring
Wait functional groups, some functional groups on humic acid molecule, such as the H on carboxyl-COOH+It can be by Na+、K+、NH4 +Plasma is replaced
Salt of weak acid is out generated, so humic acid has higher ion exchange capacity；Humic acid contains a large amount of functional group, Ke Yiyu
Some metal ions are such as：Al3+、Fe2+、Ca2+、Cu2+、Cr3+Etc. forming complex compound or chelate；Humic acid can be obviously improved soil
Physicochemical property, so that soil fertility is increased, humic acid improves significantly to soil salinization degree, is the soil salinization
Effective modifying agent.
The structural formula of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is：
Wherein：R is one kind in methyl or ethyl, and aldehyde compound, which is formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionic aldehyde etc., can be dissolved in water
Low grade aldehyde；N=1-5, m=1-10, since polymer chain is longer, nitrogen, phosphorus, the release of three kinds of elements of potassium are slower, so n is 5
Within, m better meets demand of the crops to these three elements within 10.
As an optimization, biostatic agent is nitrification inhibitor.Nitrification inhibitor can selectively inhibit to nitrify in soil
The activity of bacterium, to which the reaction speed that soil ammonium-state is converted into nitrate nitrogen is delayed in resistance, most of crops absorb nitrate nitrogen,
But nitrate nitrogen is easy to be lost in the soil, and reasonable employment nitrification inhibitor can reduce nitrogen to control nitration reaction speed
Loss, improves the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer, and nitrification inhibitor removes the work for being reduced loss of nitrogen fertilizer, improving utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and increasing yield
With outer, can also reduce crops nitrite, improve crops quality, reduce dose it is excessively high when to soil, underground
The pollution of water and environment.
As an optimization, trace element is one or more in boron, molybdenum, zinc, copper, manganese, iron.Humic acid contains a large amount of official
It can roll into a ball, complex compound or chelate can be formed with above-mentioned trace element, promote absorption of the crops to above-mentioned trace element.
A kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate：It is separately added into semicarbazides, aldehyde compound into the first reaction vessel and goes
Ionized water, magnetic agitation are added dropwise 5-10%'s after semicarbazides and aldehyde compound all dissolve into the first reaction vessel
NaOH aqueous solutions, adjusting pH value are 8.0-9.0, the isothermal reaction 60-90min at 40-50 DEG C, semicarbazides and aldehyde in alkaline medium
The mainly water-soluble condensate that class compound condensation generates, the sulfuric acid that 5-10% is then added dropwise into reaction vessel again are water-soluble
Liquid, adjusting pH value are 5.0-6.0, and isothermal reaction 40-60min is cooled to room temperature after reaction at 60-70 DEG C, filtering,
Filter residue is put into drying box, and dry 4-5h is to get semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate at 60-80 DEG C, and in acid medium, these are water-soluble
Mixture continues condensation and generates that chain is longer, and water-soluble lower oligomer, chain is longer, and the release of nitrogen is slower, semicarbazides and aldehyde
The ratio between amount of substance of class compound is 2-3:1, the amount of deionized water is 2-3 times of semicarbazides quality, catalyst Sb2O3、
GeO2Or TiO2In one kind；
(b) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, catalyst, the amino ureaformaldehyde polycondensation obtained by step (a) are added into the second reaction vessel
The concentrated sulfuric acid, nitrogen protection, at 60-80 DEG C is added dropwise in object and deionized water, magnetic agitation into the second reaction vessel after mixing
Lower isothermal reaction 8-10h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, and filtering, filter residue is put into drying box, the dry 3- at 70-80 DEG C
To get high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, the ratio between the amount of substance of semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5h
0.96-1.03:1, the amount of deionized water is 3-5 times of semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate quality；
(2) by 40-60 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 15-30 parts of humic acid, life
0.01-0.02 parts of 0.01-0.05 parts of object inhibitor and trace element are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disk inclines
Rake angle, spray atomizing water, is sufficiently mixed, and is granulated, and slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation,
Dry 4-6h, then cools to room temperature, is sieved by screening machine at 80-100 DEG C, and the sustained release that a diameter of 2-3mm is made is multiple
Hefei.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) preparation method of the present invention is simple, of low cost, and it is expensive to avoid film-coated and slow release fertilizer, toxic coating solvent,
Coating process complexity and investment are big, the limitation of the factors such as refractory organics of coated fertilizer；
(2) high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound of the present invention is polymeric sustained release composite fertilizer, it is to utilize organic high score
Sub- substance and nutrient ions binding, form organic copolymer analog active material, compound fertilizer is connected to height by chemical bond
On molecular backbone, potassium nutrition element makes nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition element have good sustained release performance, the macromolecule on branch
After being sustained during nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is manured into soil, under the action of edaphon and water, it is gradually hydrolyzed to small molecule nutrition
Substance is absorbed well by crops, improves plant recovery of nutrient, and overcoming common fertilizer, nutrient loss is too fast in a short time and crop
It is unable to the problem of efficient absorption utilizes in short time, is a kind of new-type fertilizer with long-acting slow-release performance.
(3) slow-release compound fertilizer of improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the present invention, the slow-release compound fertilizer contain crops life
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition element needed for long development, improve crop yield；Humic acid in the slow-release compound fertilizer contains a large amount of officials
It can roll into a ball, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, quinonyl, methoxyl group functional group, it can be with micro- such as boron, molybdenum, zinc, copper, manganese, iron
Complex compound or chelate are formed, absorption of the crops to trace element is promoted；Humic acid can be obviously improved the physicochemical property of soil,
Soil fertility is set to increase, humic acid improves significantly to soil salinization degree, is effective improvement of the soil salinization
Agent；Nitrification inhibitor can reduce the loss of nitrogen, improve the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is releasing for the slow-release compound fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of the improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4
Put curve；
Fig. 2 is releasing for the slow-release compound fertilizer nutrient phosphorus of the improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4
Put curve；
Fig. 3 is releasing for the slow-release compound fertilizer nutrient potassium of the improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4
Put curve.
Specific implementation mode
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which includes the component of following parts by weight：It is high
Molecule is sustained 0.005 part of 40 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, 15 parts of humic acid, 0.01 part of nitrification inhibitor, 0.005 part of boron and zinc.
The structural formula of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is：
A kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of amino-urea-formaldehyde condensation polymer：Be separately added into the first reaction vessel semicarbazides (75g, 1.0mol),
Formaldehyde (15g, 0.5mol) and deionized water (150ml), magnetic agitation, toward the first reaction after semicarbazides and formaldehyde all dissolve
5% NaOH aqueous solutions are added dropwise in container, it is 8.0, the isothermal reaction 90min at 40 DEG C to adjust pH value, is then held again toward reaction
5% aqueous sulfuric acid is added dropwise in device, it is 5.0 to adjust pH value, and isothermal reaction 60min is cooled to after reaction at 60 DEG C
Room temperature, filtering, filter residue are put into drying box, and dry 5h is to get amino-urea-formaldehyde condensation polymer at 60 DEG C；
(b) it is made that potassium dihydrogen phosphate (34g, 0.25mol), proper catalyst, step (a) are added into the second reaction vessel
The amino-urea-formaldehyde condensation polymer (48g, 0.25mol) and deionized water (200ml) obtained, magnetic agitation, after mixing toward second
The concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise in reaction vessel, nitrogen protection, isothermal reaction 10h is cooled to room temperature after reaction at 60 DEG C, filtering,
Filter residue is put into drying box, and dry 5h is to get high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound at 70 DEG C；
(2) 40 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 15 parts of humic acid, nitrification are inhibited
0.005 part of 0.01 part of agent, 0.005 part of boron and zinc are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disc tilt angle, spray
Atomized water is sufficiently mixed, and is granulated, and slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation, dry at 80 DEG C
6h is then cooled to room temperature, and is sieved by screening machine, and the slow-release compound fertilizer of a diameter of 2mm is made.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which includes the component of following parts by weight：It is high
Molecule is sustained 0.01 part of 45 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, 20 parts of humic acid, 0.02 part of nitrification inhibitor, 0.01 part of copper and manganese.
The structural formula of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is：
A kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of semicarbazides acetaldehyde condensation polymer：Be separately added into the first reaction vessel semicarbazides (67.5g,
0.9mol), acetaldehyde (13.2g, 0.3mol) and deionized water (150ml), magnetic agitation, after semicarbazides and acetaldehyde all dissolve
6% NaOH aqueous solutions are added dropwise into the first reaction vessel, adjust pH value for 8.2, the isothermal reaction 80min at 45 DEG C, then
6% aqueous sulfuric acid is added dropwise into reaction vessel again, it is 5.4, the isothermal reaction 50min at 65 DEG C, reaction knot to adjust pH value
Shu Hou is cooled to room temperature, and filtering, filter residue is put into drying box, and dry 4h is to get semicarbazides acetaldehyde condensation polymer at 65 DEG C；
(c) potassium dihydrogen phosphate (20.4g, 0.15mol), appropriate catalyst, step (a) institute are added into the second reaction vessel
Semicarbazides acetaldehyde condensation polymer obtained (28.8,0.15mol) and deionized water (100ml), magnetic agitation, after mixing toward
The concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise in two reaction vessels, nitrogen protection, isothermal reaction 9h is cooled to room temperature after reaction at 70 DEG C, mistake
Filter, filter residue are put into drying box, and dry 4h is to get high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound at 75 DEG C；
(2) 45 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 20 parts of humic acid, nitro are inhibited
0.01 part of 0.02 part of agent, 0.01 part of copper and iron are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disc tilt angle, spray mist
Change water, is sufficiently mixed, is granulated, slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation, the dry 6h at 80 DEG C,
It then cools to room temperature, is sieved by screening machine, the slow-release compound fertilizer of a diameter of 2mm is made.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which includes the component of following parts by weight：It is high
Molecule is sustained 0.01 part of 50 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, 25 parts of humic acid, 0.03 part of nitrification inhibitor, 0.01 part of manganese and molybdenum.
The structural formula of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is：
A kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of semicarbazides propionic aldehyde condensation polymer：Be separately added into the first reaction vessel semicarbazides (60g, 0.8mol),
Propionic aldehyde (23.2g, 0.4mol) and deionized water (150ml), magnetic agitation are anti-toward first after semicarbazides and propionic aldehyde all dissolve
The NaOH aqueous solutions of dropwise addition 7% in container are answered, it is 8.5, the isothermal reaction 80min at 46 DEG C to adjust pH value, then again toward reaction
7% aqueous sulfuric acid is added dropwise in container, it is 5.2, the isothermal reaction 55min at 64 DEG C, after reaction, cooling to adjust pH value
To room temperature, filtering, filter residue is put into drying box, and dry 4h is to get semicarbazides propionic aldehyde condensation polymer at 66 DEG C；
(b) potassium dihydrogen phosphate (27.2g, 0.2mol), proper catalyst, step (a) institute are added into the second reaction vessel
Semicarbazides propionic aldehyde condensation polymer (72.6g, 0.2mol) obtained and deionized water (250ml), magnetic agitation, after mixing toward
The concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise in two reaction vessels, nitrogen protection, isothermal reaction 8h is cooled to room temperature after reaction at 75 DEG C, mistake
Filter, filter residue are put into drying box, and dry 4h is to get high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound at 75 DEG C；
(2) 50 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 25 parts of humic acid, nitrification are inhibited
0.01 part of 0.03 part of agent, 0.01 part of manganese and molybdenum are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disc tilt angle, spray mist
Change water, is sufficiently mixed, is granulated, slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation, the dry 5h at 90 DEG C,
It then cools to room temperature, is sieved by screening machine, the slow-release compound fertilizer of a diameter of 3mm is made.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which includes the component of following parts by weight：It is high
Molecule is sustained 0.01 part of 55 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, 28 parts of humic acid, 0.04 part of nitrification inhibitor, 0.01 part of molybdenum and zinc.
The structural formula of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is：
A kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of amino-urea-formaldehyde condensation polymer：Be separately added into the first reaction vessel semicarbazides (45g, 0.6mol),
Formaldehyde (9g, 0.3mol) and deionized water (100ml), magnetic agitation, toward the first reaction after semicarbazides and formaldehyde all dissolve
8% NaOH aqueous solutions are added dropwise in container, it is 8.8, the isothermal reaction 80min at 48 DEG C to adjust pH value, is then held again toward reaction
8% aqueous sulfuric acid is added dropwise in device, it is 5.9 to adjust pH value, and isothermal reaction 55min is cooled to after reaction at 68 DEG C
Room temperature, filtering, filter residue are put into drying box, and dry 4h is to get amino-urea-formaldehyde condensation polymer at 78 DEG C；
(b) potassium dihydrogen phosphate (20.4g, 0.15mol), proper catalyst, step (a) institute are added into the second reaction vessel
Amino-urea-formaldehyde condensation polymer (54.9g, 0.15mol) obtained and deionized water (200ml), magnetic agitation are past after mixing
The concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise in second reaction vessel, nitrogen protection, isothermal reaction 9h is cooled to room temperature after reaction at 78 DEG C, mistake
Filter, filter residue are put into drying box, and dry 4h is to get high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound at 76 DEG C；
(2) 55 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 28 parts of humic acid, nitrification are inhibited
0.01 part of 0.04 part of agent, 0.01 part of molybdenum and zinc are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disc tilt angle, spray mist
Change water, is sufficiently mixed, is granulated, slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation, the dry 4h at 95 DEG C,
It then cools to room temperature, is sieved by screening machine, the slow-release compound fertilizer of a diameter of 3mm is made.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which includes the component of following parts by weight：It is high
Molecule is sustained 0.01 part of 60 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, 30 parts of humic acid, 0.05 part of nitrification inhibitor, 0.01 part of manganese and copper.
The structural formula of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound is：
A kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of semicarbazides acetaldehyde condensation polymer：Be separately added into the first reaction vessel semicarbazides (45g, 0.6mol),
Acetaldehyde (8.8g, 0.2mol) and deionized water (120ml), magnetic agitation are anti-toward first after semicarbazides and acetaldehyde all dissolve
The NaOH aqueous solutions of dropwise addition 10% in container are answered, it is 9.0, the isothermal reaction 60min at 50 DEG C to adjust pH value, then again toward reaction
In container be added dropwise 10% aqueous sulfuric acid, adjust pH value be 6.0, the isothermal reaction 40min at 70 DEG C, it is after reaction, cold
But it to room temperature, filters, filter residue is put into drying box, and dry 5h is to get semicarbazides acetaldehyde condensation polymer at 80 DEG C；
(b) potassium dihydrogen phosphate (13.6g, 0.1mol), proper catalyst, step (a) institute are added into the second reaction vessel
Semicarbazides acetaldehyde condensation polymer (52.3g, 0.1mol) obtained and deionized water (60ml), magnetic agitation, after mixing toward
The concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise in two reaction vessels, nitrogen protection, isothermal reaction 8h is cooled to room temperature after reaction at 80 DEG C, mistake
Filter, filter residue are put into drying box, and dry 3h is to get high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound at 80 DEG C；
(2) 60 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 30 parts of humic acid, nitrification are inhibited
0.01 part of 0.05 part of agent, 0.01 part of manganese and copper are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disc tilt angle, spray mist
Change water, is sufficiently mixed, is granulated, slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation, it is dry at 100 DEG C
4h is then cooled to room temperature, and is sieved by screening machine, and the slow-release compound fertilizer of a diameter of 3mm is made.
Fig. 1 is releasing for the slow-release compound fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of the improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4
Curve is put, horizontal axis is the time (Time/d), and the longitudinal axis is accumulative release rate (the N Cumulative release of nutrient nitrogen
Rate/%), from figure 1 it appears that the release profiles of nutrient nitrogen are S type curves, when plant seedling stage early period, to nutrient
Demand is few, and the release of nitrogen is also relatively slow in the slow-release compound fertilizer, and with the quickening of plant growth, the demand to nutrient is therewith
Accelerate, the release of nitrogen is also accelerated, the time of the release time of nitrogen and release rate and nitrogen needed for vegetation period
It is almost the same with measuring, meet the needs of plant growth, after 120 days, the preparation of nitrogen is 78%.
Fig. 2 is releasing for the slow-release compound fertilizer nutrient phosphorus of the improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4
Put curve.Horizontal axis is the time (Time/d), and the longitudinal axis is accumulative release rate (the P Cumulative release of nutrient phosphorus
Rate/%), from figure 2 it can be seen that the release profiles of nutrient phosphorus are S type curves, when plant seedling stage early period, to nutrient
Demand is few, and the release of P elements is also relatively slow in the slow-release compound fertilizer, and with the quickening of plant growth, the demand to nutrient is therewith
Accelerate, the release of P elements is also accelerated, the time of the release time of P elements and release rate and P elements needed for vegetation period
It is almost the same with measuring, meet the needs of plant growth, after 120 days, the preparation of P elements is 58%.
Fig. 3 is releasing for the slow-release compound fertilizer nutrient potassium of the improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4
Put curve.Horizontal axis is the time (Time/d), and the longitudinal axis is accumulative release rate (the K Cumulative release of nutrient potassium
Rate/%), from figure 3, it can be seen that nutrient Potassium release curve is S type curves, when plant seedling stage early period, to nutrient
Demand is few, and the release of potassium element is also relatively slow in the slow-release compound fertilizer, and with the quickening of plant growth, the demand to nutrient is therewith
Accelerate, the release of potassium element is also accelerated, the time of the release time of potassium element and release rate and nitrogen needed for vegetation period
It is almost the same with measuring, meet the needs of plant growth, after 120 days, the preparation of potassium element is 82%.
The slow-release compound fertilizer of improvement soil physico-chemical property prepared by the present invention has very high utilization rate, can subtract in this way
The usage amount and fertilizer application frequency of few chemical fertilizer, reduce production cost, reduce environmental pollution, and the slow-release compound fertilizer can be obviously improved
The physicochemical property of soil, makes soil fertility increase.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property, which is characterized in that the slow-release compound fertilizer includes following parts by weight
Component：40-60 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, 15-30 parts of humic acid, 0.01-0.05 parts of biostatic agent and
It is 0.01-0.02 parts micro-.
2. a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high score
Son sustained release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound structural formula be：
Wherein：R is one kind in methyl or ethyl, n=1-5, m=1-10.
3. a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The biology
Inhibitor is nitrification inhibitor.
4. a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer improving soil physico-chemical property according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described micro
Element is one or more in boron, molybdenum, zinc, copper, manganese, iron.
5. a kind of preparation side of the slow-release compound fertilizer according to any one of claim 1 to 4 improving soil physico-chemical property
Method, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the slow-release compound fertilizer includes the following steps：
(1) preparation of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound：
(a) synthesis of semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate：Semicarbazides, aldehyde compound and deionization are separately added into the first reaction vessel
The NaOH water of 5-10% is added dropwise in water, magnetic agitation after semicarbazides and aldehyde compound all dissolve into the first reaction vessel
Solution, adjusting pH value are 8.0-9.0, and isothermal reaction 60-90min, is then added dropwise 5- into reaction vessel again at 40-50 DEG C
10% aqueous sulfuric acid, adjusting pH value be 5.0-6.0, the isothermal reaction 40-60min at 60-70 DEG C, it is after reaction, cold
But it to room temperature, filters, filter residue is put into drying box, and dry 4-5h is to get semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate, the ammonia at 60-80 DEG C
The ratio between amount of substance of base urea and aldehyde compound is 2-3:1, the amount of the deionized water is 2-3 times of semicarbazides quality；
(b) be added into the second reaction vessel potassium dihydrogen phosphate, catalyst, the semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate obtained by step (a) and
The concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise in deionized water, magnetic agitation into the second reaction vessel after mixing, and nitrogen protection is permanent at 60-80 DEG C
Temperature reaction 8-10h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is filtered, and filter residue is put into drying box, the dry 3-5h at 70-80 DEG C,
Up to high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound, the ratio between the amount of substance of the semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is
0.96-1.03:1, the amount of the deionized water is 3-5 times of semicarbazides aldehyde polycondensate quality；
(2) 40-60 parts of high molecular slow-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compound obtained by step (1), 15-30 parts of humic acid, biology are pressed down
0.01-0.02 parts of 0.01-0.05 parts of preparation and trace element are put into granulating disc, adjust disc rotation speed and disk inclination angle
Degree, spray atomizing water are sufficiently mixed, are granulated, slow-release compound fertilizer particle is put into drying box after granulation, in 80-
Dry 4-6h, then cools to room temperature, is sieved by screening machine, the sustained release that a diameter of 2-3mm is made is compound at 100 DEG C
Fertilizer.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114451116A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-10 | 四川瑞象农业科技发展有限公司 | Application method of stable fertilizer containing nitrification inhibitor |
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