CN104370627A - Slow-release water soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slow-release water soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104370627A CN104370627A CN201410577051.0A CN201410577051A CN104370627A CN 104370627 A CN104370627 A CN 104370627A CN 201410577051 A CN201410577051 A CN 201410577051A CN 104370627 A CN104370627 A CN 104370627A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slow-release water soluble fertilizer which is characterized by comprising an ion trapping agent and a water soluble fertilizer. Anions and cations of the water soluble fertilizer are simultaneously trapped by virtue of the ion trapping agent, and dissolved nutrients are collected and enriched and are slowly released at roots of plants to provide a micro-circulation environment for plant root systems to absorb nutrients. The slow-release water soluble fertilizer meets water-fertilizer integration, and can be applied by virtue of drip irrigation and spray irrigation, so that the water soluble fertilizer has a slow release property while having water solubility, losses of the water soluble fertilizer and the fertilization times are reduced, and the utilization ratio is improved. Meanwhile, the slow-release water soluble fertilizer can collect nutrients and provide a transmission channel for the plants to absorb the nutrients, so that the capability and speed of the fertilizer nutrients to enter plant bodies are enhanced, and the high efficiency of the water soluble fertilizer is ensured. The invention further provides a preparation method of the slow-release water soluble fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Water soluble fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of Water soluble fertilizer with slow-release function.
Background technology
Water soluble fertilizer (Water Soluble Fertilizer) is a kind of multielement compound fertilizer that can be dissolved in water completely, relative to traditional solid particulate composite fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer, Water soluble fertilizer have instant, specific absorption is high, instant effect, without residue, use the remarkable advantages such as convenient, in addition, in Water soluble fertilizer water soluble, by the fertigation of water-fertilizer integral, spray the object that fertilising reaches water saving, joint fertilizer, saving of labor.Therefore, Water soluble fertilizer is progressively popularized in the application in high-efficiency agriculture field.
Dissolve completely in Water soluble fertilizer, while farm crop efficient absorption, Water soluble fertilizer is also easier seepage, loss in soil, causes nutrient loss for this reason.Water-soluble rear plant can not absorb Water soluble fertilizer at short notice in time, and the nutrient of solubility then can permeate the ground, and not only causes fertilizer efficiency to lose, and can pollute underground water.In addition, Water soluble fertilizer is fast owing to dissolving, and easily causes the harm that salt density is too high, affects the absorption of root system of plant to nutrient.Therefore, Water soluble fertilizer needs to avoid the loss after dissolving.And traditional slow-release fertilizer reaches slowly-releasing by delaying fertilizer dissolving, plant cannot be met and absorb fast.
Chinese invention patent CN102875248A discloses a kind of containing humic acid slow release Water soluble fertilizer, this invention take potassium fulvate as raw material, add minute quantity poly aspartic acid and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate simultaneously, make zinc, boron, magnesium three kinds of elements upon dissolution or in dissolution process by complexing, and be discharged into lentamente in soil, thus absorbed by crops, decrease the loss of fertilizer nutrient, improve the absorption rate of nutritive substance.Because water soluble fertilizer contains zwitterion, negatively charged ion can be made fixing in soil by direct complex cation, therefore adaptability is restricted.
Chinese invention patent publication number CN101544520 discloses a kind of water-soluble solid organic complexation micro-element fertilizer and production method thereof, the soluble salt of micro-Cu, Zn, Fe, B, Mn, Mo, by organic complexing agent EDTA and citric acid, is carried out complex reaction by the method.Not only cost is high for the metal ion of complexing, and EDTA is different from the Acidity Range that metal ion forms stable comple, as Ca
2+, Mg
2+will in alkaline range, and Zn
2+, Ni
2+, Cu
2+etc. will in acid range, therefore have higher impact to the environment used, adaptability is poor.
According to above-mentioned, in order to avoid the water-soluble rear loss of Water soluble fertilizer, slow releasing after microelement fixation can be made by the complexing of humic acid, EDTA, citric acid, but selectivity is restricted, especially cannot to macroelement N P and K and negatively charged ion complexing.If therefore the water-soluble rear plant of Water soluble fertilizer can not absorb in time, the nutrients such as solubility nitrate radical, phosphate radical, potassium ion then can permeate the ground or be fixed, and not only cause fertilizer efficiency to lose, and can pollute underground water.Therefore, along with the application of water-soluble hypertrophy amount, how improving fertilizer efficiency and preventing fertilizer efficiency to run off also becomes the key of lifting Water soluble fertilizer utilization ratio and quality.
Summary of the invention
The defect of quick seepage, loss in soil after water-soluble for Water soluble fertilizer, the invention provides a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.It is characterized in that this slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer comprises ion capture agent and water-soluble is fertile.This Water soluble fertilizer can at water-soluble dispersing and dissolving, meet the fertigation of water-fertilizer integral, sprinkler irrigation fertilization, by ion capture agent after water-soluble, catch the zwitterion of Water soluble fertilizer, the nutrient of dissolving is collected enrichment and at plant root slow releasing, provides the root system of plant absorption microcirculation environment that nutrition divides simultaneously, make Water soluble fertilizer water misciblely have slow-releasing possessing simultaneously, reduce loss of chemical fertilizer, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce Water soluble fertilizer fertilizer application frequency.This slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer is collected nutrient and is provided transmission path for plant absorption nutrient simultaneously, strengthens fertilizer nutrient and enters ability in plant materials and speed, ensure that the high efficiency of Water soluble fertilizer.Further provide the preparation method of this slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
Slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
Slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer, it is characterized in that by ion capture agent and can form by water-soluble fertilizer, preferred weight part is composed as follows:
Can water-soluble fertilizer 90-95 part,
Ion capture agent 5-10 part,
Described in above-mentioned slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer can good urea, primary ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium sulfate, saltpetre, the Repone K of water-soluble fertilizer preferred dissolution, can various combination be carried out according to nutrient requirement.
Ion capture agent described in above-mentioned slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer is formed by hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger hydridization, negatively charged ion after ion capture agent makes Water soluble fertilizer dissolve is or/and positively charged ion is captured, then by plant constant absorption, simultaneously for plant absorption nutrient provides transmission path, strengthen fertilizer nutrient and enter ability in plant materials and speed; Wherein hydroxide colloid selects at least one in ironic hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide; At least one in weakly acidic cation-exchange resin, weak base anion-exchange resin selected by ion-exchanger.
The weakly acidic cation-exchange resin described above weakly acidic cation-exchange resin preferably containing carboxylic group.
The weak base anion-exchange resin described above anionite-exchange resin preferably containing quadrol group, diethylenetriamine group, Triethylenetetramine (TETA) group, dimethylamino propylamine group, trimethylamino propylamine group, dimethyl hydroxy ethyl propylamine group at least one.
Ion capture agent is in hydridization, specifically introduce carboxymethyl can improve cationic affinity, thus the capture ability improved Water soluble fertilizer cationic, at least one in carboxymethyl starch, cm-chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose can be selected in the source of carboxymethyl.
The present invention forms a kind of ion capture agent by hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger hydridization, in hydridization, particularly introduce carboxymethyl can improve cationic capture ability, the ion of hydroxide colloid by dissolving in electrostatic attraction Water soluble fertilizer, and by the ion-exchanger absorptive collection of hydridization.Its outstanding effect to collect anion sulfate acid root, nitrate radical, phosphate radical etc., catches positively charged ion simultaneously.According to soil ion concentration in soil, slow releasing nutrient supply plant absorption, prevents the fixing of Water soluble fertilizer nutrient and runs off, and finally realizes the slow-releasing of fertilizer and water-soluble.
The preparation method of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention, is characterized in that preparation method carries out in the following manner:
(1) hydroxide colloid, ion-exchanger, carboxymethyl raw material are weighed mixing with mass ratio 10-15:3-5:0-1, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls between 15min-30min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under weak basic condition, make between hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger, to form hybrid structure and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) can add in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains by water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 5-10 part, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer be 90-95 part, dispersed with stirring 5min-15min in a kettle., then ageing 1-2 hour, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
In above-mentioned preparation method, step (1), reactor described in (2) adopt high-speed stirring, stirring velocity controls at 500-800r/min, and built-in stirring blade leaf adopts orbital, is linked with ion-exchanger hydridization by the crosslinked oxyhydroxide that makes of atwirl blade stirring and borax.
In above-mentioned preparation method, add appropriate borax described in step (1), the add-on of borax is the 0.5-1% of hydroxide colloid quality.
Common Water soluble fertilizer has remarkable advantage that is instant, instant effect, but because Water soluble fertilizer is quick water-soluble rear performance fertilizer efficiency, and nutrient cannot absorb by farm crop at short notice completely, therefore its volatilization is run off, infiltration is run off and the fixation reaction of fertilizer ion and soil more easily occurs, and causes fertilizer loss serious.Because Water soluble fertilizer does not possess slow-releasing, need repeatedly to apply fertilizer.Water-soluble and the slow-releasing that the object of the invention is to solve fertilizer cannot simultaneous defect, for this reason, by adopting ion capture agent, make ion capture agent and Water soluble fertilizer dispersed, energy rapid dispersion after water-soluble, the positively charged ion that dissolved fertilizer dissolving produces, negatively charged ion nutrient are collected by ion capture agent, and according to the ionic concn slow releasing in soil, make the concentration that the ion component in soil keeps certain, promote plant constant absorption.Solve Water soluble fertilizer volatilization to run off, permeate and run off, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer application frequency.Simultaneously for plant absorption nutrient provides transmission path, strengthen fertilizer nutrient and enter ability in plant materials and speed.Be applicable to water-fertilizer integral drip irrigation completely, punching is executed or sprayed, reached the synergy of Water soluble fertilizer by slowly-releasing, the fertilizer efficiency loss effectively preventing the water-soluble rear nutrient Ion leakage of Water soluble fertilizer from causing.
Water-soluble, the slow-releasing of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention and commercially available Water soluble fertilizer are carried out test comparison, and test result is as follows:
By test result, slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention all meets in water dispersed with commercially available Water soluble fertilizer, is suitable for the drip irrigation and spray irrigation of water-fertilizer integral completely, use is executed in punching.But the slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer nutrients release time length of the present invention is longer, not only can reduce the fertilizer application frequency of Water soluble fertilizer, and reach synergy by slowly-releasing, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer nutrient, cost-saving by a relatively large margin.
A kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof, feature outstanding compared with existing Water soluble fertilizer technology and useful effect are:
1, a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention, it is characterized in that making that fertilizer is water-soluble to be combined with slow-releasing, by adopting ion capture agent, the positively charged ion that dissolved fertilizer dissolving produces, negatively charged ion nutrient are collected by ion capture agent, make fertilizer water misciblely possess slow-releasing having simultaneously, solve the water-soluble technical barrier that cannot simultaneously play a role with slow-releasing of fertilizer, overcoming in Water soluble fertilizer nutrient loss too fast, crop short period of time in a short time can not the defect that utilizes of efficient absorption, reduce loss of chemical fertilizer, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio.
2, a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention, collects nutrient by ion capture agent and provides transmission path for plant absorption nutrient, strengthens fertilizer nutrient and enters ability in plant materials and speed.
3, a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention, by slow release characteristic, can reduce Water soluble fertilizer fertilizer application frequency.
4, a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer of the present invention, utilize hydroxide colloid as ionic adsorption main body, not only cost is low, and production technique is briefly easily controlled, and is applicable to large-scale production and uses.
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should be interpreted as scope of the present invention is only limitted to following example.When not departing from aforesaid method thought of the present invention, the various replacement made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means or change, all should be within the scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
(1) ferric hydroxide colloid, the anionite containing quadrol group, carboxymethyl starch raw material are weighed mixing with mass ratio 10:3:0.5, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls at 30min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under PH is the weak basic condition of 9, make to form hybrid structure between ferric hydroxide colloid and anionite, carboxymethyl starch and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) primary ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate are added in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 10 parts, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer it be 90 parts, dispersed with stirring 15min in a kettle., then ageing 2 hours, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
embodiment 2
(1) magnesium hydroxide colloidal, cationic ion exchanger raw material containing carboxyl are weighed mixing with mass ratio 15:3, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls at 15min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under PH is the weak basic condition of 18, make between magnesium hydroxide colloidal and ion-exchanger, to form hybrid structure and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) ammonium polyphosphate, urea are added in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 5 parts, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer it be 95 parts, dispersed with stirring 5min in a kettle., then ageing 1 hour, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
embodiment 3
(1) zinc hydroxide colloid, the anionite containing Triethylenetetramine (TETA) group, cm-chitosan raw material are weighed mixing with mass ratio 10::1, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls between 20min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under weak basic condition, make to form hybrid structure between zinc hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger, cm-chitosan and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) saltpetre, potassium sulfate are added in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 8 parts, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer it be 92 parts, dispersed with stirring 10min in a kettle., then ageing 1.5 hours, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
embodiment 4
(1) ferric hydroxide colloid, the anionite containing trimethylamino propylamine group, carboxymethyl cellulose raw material are weighed mixing with mass ratio 12:3:0.5, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls at 30min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under weak basic condition, make to form hybrid structure between ferric hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger, carboxymethyl cellulose and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) can water-soluble fertilizer primary ammonium phosphate, urea, Repone K add in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 6 parts, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer it be 94 parts, dispersed with stirring 15min in a kettle., then ageing 2 hours, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
embodiment 5
(1) magnesium hydroxide colloidal, the anionite containing dimethylamino propylamine group, the Zeo-karb containing carboxyl, carboxymethyl starch raw material are weighed mixing with mass ratio 11:4:0.2, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls at 30min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under weak basic condition, make to form hybrid structure between magnesium hydroxide colloidal and ion-exchanger, carboxymethyl starch and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) can water-soluble fertilizer ammonium polyphosphate, saltpetre, urea add in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 10 parts, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer it be 90 parts, dispersed with stirring 15min in a kettle., then ageing 2 hours, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
The slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer obtained by the present embodiment is tested, and test result is as follows:
Claims (7)
1. a slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer, it is characterized in that by ion capture agent and can form by water-soluble fertilizer, can at water-soluble dispersing and dissolving, meet the fertigation of water-fertilizer integral, sprinkler irrigation fertilization, caught by the zwitterion of ion capture agent to Water soluble fertilizer after water-soluble, the nutrient of dissolving is collected enrichment and at plant root slow releasing, reduces it and run off and fertilizer application frequency simultaneously, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, preferred weight part is composed as follows:
Can water-soluble fertilizer 90-95 part,
Ion capture agent 5-10 part,
Described can good urea, primary ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium sulfate, saltpetre, the Repone K of water-soluble fertilizer preferred dissolution; Described ion capture agent is formed by hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger hydridization, negatively charged ion after Water soluble fertilizer is dissolved is or/and positively charged ion is captured, wherein, hydroxide colloid selects at least one in ironic hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, and at least one in weakly acidic cation-exchange resin, weak base anion-exchange resin selected by ion-exchanger.
2. a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that the weakly acidic cation-exchange resin of described weakly acidic cation-exchange resin preferably containing carboxylic group.
3. a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that the anionite-exchange resin of described weak base anion-exchange resin preferably containing quadrol group, diethylenetriamine group, Triethylenetetramine (TETA) group, dimethylamino propylamine group, trimethylamino propylamine group, dimethyl hydroxy ethyl propylamine group at least one.
4. a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger hydridization, introduce carboxymethyl can improve cationic affinity, thus the capture ability improved Water soluble fertilizer cationic, at least one in carboxymethyl starch, cm-chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose can be selected in the source of carboxymethyl.
5. a kind of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer according to claim 1-4, is characterized in that the preparation method of described slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer carries out in the following manner:
(1) hydroxide colloid, ion-exchanger, carboxymethyl raw material are weighed mixing with mass ratio 10-15:3-5:0-1, adding clean water makes it dissolve completely, add appropriate borax be placed in reactor heat under 60-80 DEG C of condition hydridization reaction, reaction times controls between 15min-30min, utilize ammoniacal liquor to keep reaction to carry out under weak basic condition, make between hydroxide colloid and ion-exchanger, to form hybrid structure and obtain the agent of pulpous state ion capture;
(2) can add in the ion capture agent pulpous state liquid that step (1) obtains by water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the weight part of ion capture agent is 5-10 part, can the weight part of water-soluble fertilizer be 90-95 part, dispersed with stirring 5min-15min in a kettle., then ageing 1-2 hour, ion capture agent and the dispersed formation complex body of Water soluble fertilizer;
(3) complex body that step (2) obtains is carried out drying by spray drying unit, obtain slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer.
6. the preparation method of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in preparation method, step (1), reactor described in (2) adopt high-speed stirring, stirring velocity controls at 500-800r/min, built-in stirring blade leaf adopts orbital, is linked with ion-exchanger hydridization by the crosslinked oxyhydroxide that makes of atwirl blade stirring and borax.
7. the preparation method of slow-releasing Water soluble fertilizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in preparation method, adds appropriate borax described in step (1), and the add-on of borax is the 0.5-1% of hydroxide colloid quality.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106116951A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市泰盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of nutritional solution for Gorgon fruit plantation and preparation method thereof |
| CN107778076A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 河北施可丰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of plant source ion penetration fertilizer technology |
| CN112279716A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-29 | 彭玲玲 | Environment-friendly compound fertilizer with slow release function and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112279716A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-29 | 彭玲玲 | Environment-friendly compound fertilizer with slow release function and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN104370627B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180112 Address after: Longhua 516122 Guangdong province Huizhou city Boluo County town village Zhang Wei Yan Di Group Yuling Patentee after: Huizhou nurse Land Agricultural Science Co., Ltd. Address before: Qingyang District of Chengdu City, Sichuan province 610091 Dragon Industrial Port East Road 4 Patentee before: Chengdu Xinkeli Chemical Sci-Tech Co., Ltd. |
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