CN108548697A - Fall dust collector - Google Patents
Fall dust collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN108548697A CN108548697A CN201810428714.0A CN201810428714A CN108548697A CN 108548697 A CN108548697 A CN 108548697A CN 201810428714 A CN201810428714 A CN 201810428714A CN 108548697 A CN108548697 A CN 108548697A
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- cylinder body
- collection portion
- funnel
- dust collector
- hole
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
Abstract
The fall dust collector of the present invention, cylinder body including straight cylindrical, cylinder body is internally provided with round funnel, round funnel includes the collection portion of cone and the cylindric injection unit being connect with collection portion center, circular open of the collection portion towards cylinder body, injection unit is directed toward the bottom of cylinder body, the outer edge of collection portion is together with the inner wall seamless welding of cylinder body, it is tilted down in the middle part of collection portion, the central axes of collection portion and cylinder body are in angle of 45 degrees, it further include automatic weighing apparatus, automatic weighing apparatus includes weighing tray, weighing sensor, battery, data collector, weighing tray is for accepting depositing dust, weighing tray is set to the bottom of cylinder body, weighing sensor is set to the lower section of weighing tray, weighing sensor is connect with battery, data collector is connect with weighing sensor.The collection efficiency of depositing dust is greatly improved in the fall dust collector of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to samplers, more particularly to a kind of fall dust collector.
Background technology
Important form one of of the atmospheric falling dust as mass exchange between veneer of crust and atmospheric thermodynamics, for the ecosystem,
Atmospheric radiative transfer, global geology chemical cycle, environmental pollution and human health have great influence.
Currently, the collection of atmospheric falling dust relies primarily on collection cylinder body, national standard collects a diameter of 15cm of cylinder body, high
30cm.According to the difference of collection mode, collecting the main method of depositing dust has two kinds of wet method and dry method.Dry method is due to " secondary dirt "
Influence, cause actual collection amount to be less than practical dustfall content, and the analysis of sample composition is made in the addition of liquid medium in wet method
At very big influence.
Result of study shows that the collection efficiency of dry method is low, and thin particulate matter loss is serious in the depositing dust sample collected,
Cause the sample being collected into partially thick, can not accurate evaluation depositing dust ecological benefits.
Most of domestic atmospheric falling dust collector is improved on the basis of national standard collects cylinder body, not according to improvement function
Together, there are anti-bird type, anti-" secondary dirt " and dry and wet depositing dust collection type.Generally, how these fall dust collectors are to not improve
Depositing dust collection efficiency proposes solution, and improved fall dust collector collection efficiency how, also without relevant verification,
It is easy to cause in this way between the achievement of different researchers and has no comparativity, the research and development of depositing dust is restricted very big.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, the higher depositing dust collections of depositing dust collection efficiency
Device.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, includes the cylinder body of straight cylindrical, the cylinder body is internally provided with round funnel, institute
State the collection portion that round funnel includes cone and the cylindric injection unit being connect with collection portion center, the collection portion face
To the circular open of the cylinder body, the injection unit is directed toward the bottom of the cylinder body, the outer edge of the collection portion and the cylinder
The inner wall seamless welding of body together, tilts down in the middle part of the collection portion, the central axes of the collection portion and the cylinder body
In angle of 45 degrees, the fall dust collector further includes automatic weighing apparatus, and the automatic weighing apparatus includes weighing tray, weighing and sensing
Device, battery, data collector, for the weighing tray for accepting depositing dust, the weighing tray is set to the bottom of cylinder body, described
Weighing sensor is set to the lower section of weighing tray, and the weighing sensor is connect with battery, the data collector with it is described
Weighing sensor connects.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein be connected in the collection portion of the circle funnel multiple to the cylinder body
The partition that circular open direction extends, multiple partitions are directed to the axle center of the collection portion, and multiple partitions will
The outer surface of collection portion is divided into the sector region of multiple area equations.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein the partition is right angled triangle, and the bevel edge of each partition is all connected with
In in the collection portion of the round funnel, the right angle of each partition is directed to the axis of the collection portion.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein the right-angle side vertical with the axis of the collection portion of each partition
In a plane vertical with the axis of the collection portion.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein connect on the right-angle side vertical with the axis of the collection portion of the partition
It is connected to becket, the center of circle of the becket is on the axis of the collection portion.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein multiple airflow holes are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body, multiple airflow holes are equal
Positioned at the lower section of the collection portion, nut is installed in each airflow hole, the nut is set to the inside of the cylinder body.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein be provided with around airflow hole between the nut and the inner wall of the cylinder body
Cotton washer, the thickness of washer is 2mm.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein the airflow hole includes multiple first airflow holes and multiple second air-flows
Hole, multiple first airflow holes are respectively positioned on the top of the top edge of injection unit, and multiple first airflow holes are in sustained height, and multiple second
Airflow hole is respectively positioned on the lower section of the top edge of injection unit and the top of the lower edge positioned at injection unit, and multiple second airflow holes are same
One height.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein the outer edge of the collection portion of the circle funnel is away from the top of the cylinder body
5-10cm, a diameter of 3cm of the collection portion of the circle funnel, length 10cm, the aperture of the collection portion of the circle funnel
For 1cm.
The collection efficiency of depositing dust is greatly improved in the fall dust collector of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main sectional view of the structural schematic diagram of the fall dust collector of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the fall dust collector of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the A partial enlarged views of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of collection efficiency experiment several cylinder bodies used；
Fig. 5 is the collecting amount and collection efficiency schematic diagram of different trepanning mode cylinder bodies；
Fig. 6 is collecting amount and collection efficiency schematic diagram of the funnel away from cylinder body different distance；
Fig. 7 is dustfall content and collection efficiency schematic diagram of the funnel from cylinder body in different angles.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, fall dust collector of the invention includes the cylinder body 1 of straight cylindrical, the inside of cylinder body 1
It is provided with round funnel 2, round funnel 2 includes the collection portion 21 of cone and the cylindric note being connect with collection portion center
Enter portion 22, circular open of the collection portion towards cylinder body, injection unit is directed toward the bottom of cylinder body, the outer edge of collection portion and cylinder body it is interior
Wall seamless welds together, and is tilted down in the middle part of collection portion, and the central axes of collection portion and cylinder body are in angle of 45 degrees.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein multiple circular opens to cylinder body are connected in the collection portion of round funnel
The partition 3 that direction extends, multiple partitions are directed to the axle center of collection portion, and the outer surface of collection portion is divided by multiple partitions
The sector region of multiple area equations.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein partition 3 is right angled triangle, and the bevel edge of each partition is all connected to circle
In the collection portion of funnel, the right angle of each partition is directed to the axis of collection portion.
The present invention fall dust collector, wherein the right-angle side vertical with the axis of collection portion of each partition one with
In the vertical plane of the axis of collection portion.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein be connected with handle on the right-angle side vertical with the axis of collection portion of partition 3
Ring 4, the center of circle of becket 4 is on the axis of collection portion.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein multiple airflow holes 5, multiple equal positions of airflow hole are provided on the inner wall of cylinder body
In being equipped with nut 6 in the lower section of collection portion, each airflow hole, nut 6 is set to the inside of cylinder body.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein the cotton around airflow hole is provided between nut 6 and the inner wall of cylinder body
The thickness of washer 7, washer is 2mm, ensures air-flow flowing but depositing dust not may pass through.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein airflow hole includes multiple first airflow holes and multiple second airflow holes, more
A first airflow hole is respectively positioned on the top of the top edge of injection unit, and multiple first airflow holes are in sustained height, multiple second air-flows
Hole is respectively positioned on the lower section of the top edge of injection unit and the top of the lower edge positioned at injection unit, and multiple second airflow holes are in same height
Degree.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein top 5-10cm of the outer edge of the collection portion of round funnel away from cylinder body, circle
The aperture of a diameter of 3cm of the collection portion of shape funnel, length 10cm, the collection portion of round funnel are 1cm.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein further include automatic weighing apparatus 10, automatic weighing apparatus include weighing tray 11,
Weighing sensor 12, battery 13, data collector 14, for weighing tray for accepting depositing dust, weighing tray is set to the bottom of cylinder body
Portion, weighing sensor are set to the lower section of weighing tray, and weighing sensor is connect with battery, data collector and weighing sensor
Connection, airflow hole further include multiple third airflow holes, multiple third airflow holes sustained height and with weighing tray in same height
Degree.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, wherein there are four the circular opens to cylinder body for connection in the collection portion of round funnel
The partition 3 that direction extends, four partitions are directed to the axle center of collection portion, and the outer surface of collection portion is divided by four partitions
The sector region of four area equations.
The present invention fall dust collector, wherein the first airflow hole be four, four the first airflow holes be uniformly distributed in one with
On the round edge of the vertical disc in central axes of cylinder body.Second airflow hole be four, four the second airflow holes be uniformly distributed in one with
On the round edge of the vertical disc in central axes of cylinder body.Four the first airflow holes and four the second airflow holes correspond, and every 1 the
One airflow hole is respectively positioned on corresponding second airflow hole on the straight line of the central axes of a parallel cylinder body.
Third airflow hole is four, and four third airflow holes are uniformly distributed in a disc vertical with the central axes of cylinder body
On round edge, four third airflow holes and four the second airflow holes correspond, each third airflow hole and corresponding second gas
Discharge orifice is respectively positioned on the straight line of the central axes of a parallel cylinder body.
The fall dust collector of the present invention, increases Optimized Measures, it is intended to avoid " secondary dirt ", improve collection efficiency.
Field result shows：Increase partition, round funnel collection portion and cylinder away from 5cm, round funnel at the top of cylinder body
The angle of the inner wall of body is 45 ° and airflow hole is arranged on the casing wall of the middle and upper part of cylinder body makes the fall dust collector of the present invention receive
Collection efficiency greatly improves, and the empty barrel of less round funnel improves 126%.Receipts of the funnel away from 10cm, shape funnel at the top of cylinder body
The angle of the inner wall of collection portion and cylinder body is 45 ° and airflow hole is arranged on the casing wall of the middle and upper part of cylinder body makes collection efficiency not have relatively
There is the empty barrel of round funnel to improve 149%.
Results of wind tunnel shows to increase partition, round funnel away from 5cm at the top of cylinder body, the collection portion and cylinder of round funnel
The angle of the inner wall of body is 45 ° and airflow hole is arranged on the casing wall of the middle and upper part of cylinder body, so that collection is imitated in wind speed 2m/s
The empty barrel of the less round funnel of rate improves 91%；Carry the empty barrel of the less round funnel of collection efficiency in wind speed 3m/s
It is high by 166%；The empty barrel of the less round funnel of collection efficiency is set to improve 217% in wind speed 4m/s.
Results of wind tunnel shows round funnel away from 10cm at the top of cylinder body, the collection portion of round funnel and the inner wall of cylinder body
Angle be 45 ° and airflow hole be set on the casing wall of the middle and upper part of cylinder body, make collection efficiency less in wind speed 2m/s
The empty barrel of round funnel improves 109%；Improve the empty barrel of the less round funnel of collection efficiency in wind speed 3m/s
171%；The empty barrel of the less round funnel of collection efficiency is set to improve 250% in wind speed 4m/s.
By field and wind tunnel test, preferably goes out two types cylinder body, be respectively：Increase partition, funnel away from the top of cylinder body
The angle of 5cm, the collection portion of round funnel and the inner wall of cylinder body is 45 °, and airflow hole is arranged on the casing wall of the middle and upper part of cylinder body
Mode and increasing partition, for funnel away from 10cm at the top of cylinder body, the angle of the collection portion of round funnel and the inner wall of cylinder body is 45 °,
Airflow hole mode is set on the casing wall of the middle and upper part of cylinder body, and field test compares empty barrel collection efficiency and 149% He is respectively increased
181%；Wind tunnel test, when 2m/s, are respectively increased 109% and 98%, and when 3m/s is 171% and 171%, and when 4m/s is 250% He
217%.
Specific experiment data are as follows：
Collection efficiency experiment material
As shown in figure 4, cylinder body is stainless steel material, and cylinder diameter 20cm, high 40cm, funnel (bell mouth diameter=3cm)
With cylinder body seamless welding.Funnel is divided into tri- kinds of 0cm, 5cm and 10cm away from the distance at the top of cylinder body；The angle of funnel and cylinder body is divided into
30 °, 45 ° and 60 ° three kinds；Position of opening has that non-porous, upper layer hole, lower layer hole, hole, middle lower layer hole and levels hole (are opened at the middle and upper levels
Bore dia=1cm) six kinds；There are two kinds of partition and septumless on funnel.It is compared with empty barrel, amounts to the cylinder body of 55 types.Its
Middle 2-10 cylinder bodies respectively have 6 types, respectively non-porous, upper layer hole, lower layer hole, at the middle and upper levels hole, middle lower layer hole and levels hole,
Number order is followed successively by N-1, and 2,3,4,5,6, following table is No. 2 cylinder bodies number explanations, and so on.
Field depositing dust collects test method
Atmospheric falling dust amount refers to from the particulate matter weight dropped to naturally in air on unit area, often with g/m2·
month、kg/hm2Month is unit.
In view of cylinder body placement position should avoid human activity from interfering, therefore be placed on national forestry far from high-lager building
Chinese forest-science academy desert forestry experimental center the second field experiment weather station at office Dengkou desert ecology station.Cylinder body is in triangle disposition cloth
It sets, puts two rows, cylinder body horizontal spacing 30cm, longitudinally perpendicular spacing 2.5m.
Root is it was found that the average saltation height of the grains of sand has 0.017m, less than 0.22m, 0.06m.Cylinder body used herein is high
Degree is 40cm, therefore is placed on ground.Cylinder base places two layers of place mat, and bottom is thick and solid oilcloth, and upper layer is A4 paper, it is ensured that air-flow
It can not enter to interfere cylinder body from bottom, using dry collection.Cylinder body was disposed initially at open country on May 11st, 2017
Outside, and by each cylinder body it numbers, it is primary to collect depositing dust within every two months.
Sample treatment
It is collected respectively according to cylinder body number, takes back and use electronic balance after picking up some impurity such as leaf, insect behind laboratory
(1/1000) precision is weighed.
The collection efficiency of cylinder body：
E indicates collection efficiency, unit in formula：%, MnIndicate the collecting amount of this type cylinder body, unit：G, M0Indicate empty barrel
Collecting amount, unit：g；MnAnd M0It is all made of the depositing dust quality summation collected three times.As a result with analysis
Depositing dust measure feature of the funnel away from different distance at the top of cylinder body
Cylinder body depositing dust of the funnel away from 10cm, 5cm and 0cm at the top of cylinder body collects situation and sees Fig. 6, and collection efficiency mean value is close,
Respectively 169% (δ=0.35, δ-standard deviation), 174% (δ=0.42) and 173% (δ=0.49), but inter-individual difference compared with
Greatly.
Non-porous state：When 30 ° and 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, drop of the funnel away from 10cm and 5cm type cylinder bodies at the top of cylinder body
Dust quantity is all higher than funnel away from cylinder body 0cm type cylinder bodies, and collection efficiency is respectively 184%, 164%, 154%, 157%, 152% He
133%；When 60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel is most away from 0cm type cylinder body dustfall contents at the top of cylinder body, and 5cm's is minimum, collects
Efficiency is respectively 213% and 147%.
Upper layer has hole state cylinder body depositing dust measure feature identical as non-porous state, and collection efficiency mean value is collection efficiency highest
Be 60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel is away from 0cm at the top of cylinder body, collection efficiency 262%, collection efficiency it is minimum for funnel with
60 ° of cylinder body angle, funnel is away from cylinder body 5cm, collection efficiency 105%.
There is hole state in lower layer：When 30 ° and 60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel is away from 10cm and 5cm type cylinder bodies at the top of cylinder body
Dustfall content be all higher than funnel away from 0cm type cylinder bodies at the top of cylinder body, collection efficiency is respectively 153%, 143%, 144%,
145%, 116% and 115%；When 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel is most away from 0cm type cylinder body dustfall contents at the top of cylinder body,
10cm's is minimum instead, and collection efficiency is respectively 173% and 104%.
In upper two rows of holes state：When 30 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel away from 5cm type cylinder bodies dustfall content at the top of cylinder body most
More, the dustfall content of collection efficiency 255%, 10cm and 0cm is close, and collection efficiency is respectively 214% and 225%；Funnel and cylinder body
When 45 ° of angle, dustfall content of the funnel away from 10cm and 5cm type cylinder bodies at the top of cylinder body is more than funnel away from cylinder body 0cm type cylinder bodies, receives
It is respectively 249%, 281% and 173% to collect efficiency；When 60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, the dustfall content of three types cylinder body is close,
Collection efficiency is respectively 226%, 225% and 211%.
In lower two rows of holes state：When 30 ° and 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel is away from 10cm and 5cm type cylinders at the top of cylinder body
The dustfall content of body is all higher than funnel away from cylinder body 0cm type cylinder bodies, and collection efficiency is respectively 186%, 172%, 154%, 141%,
158% and 119%；When 60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, the dustfall content of three types cylinder body is close, and collection efficiency is respectively
157%, 165% and 162%.
Two rows hole state：When 30 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, funnel away from 0cm type cylinder bodies dustfall content at the top of cylinder body most
More, collection efficiency 286%, 10cm and 5cm type cylinder body dustfall contents are close, and collection efficiency is respectively 136% and 147%；Leakage
When bucket is with 45 ° of cylinder body angle, funnel is most away from 5cm type cylinder body dustfall contents at the top of cylinder body, collection efficiency 165%, 10cm and
The dustfall content of 0cm is close, and collection efficiency is respectively 121% and 102%；When 60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, three's dustfall content connects
Closely, collection efficiency is respectively 166%, 169% and 184%.
Funnel and the depositing dust measure feature that cylinder body is in different angles
Funnel and cylinder body collect situation in the cylinder body depositing dust of different angles and see Fig. 7, and collection efficiency mean value is from big to small successively
For 45 ° (181%, δ=0.43), 30 ° (180%, δ=0.36) and 60 ° (160%, δ=0.33).
Funnel is away from 10cm states at the top of cylinder body：It is non-porous, upper layer hole, the cylinder body depositing dust in lower layer hole and middle lower layer hole trepanning mode
It is 30 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle to measure at most, and collection efficiency is respectively 184%, 195% and 153%；Hole trepanning side at the middle and upper levels
Formula dustfall content it is most be funnel and 45 ° of cylinder body angle, collection efficiency 249%, funnel and 30 ° and 60 ° type cylinders of cylinder body angle
The dustfall content of body is close, and collection efficiency is respectively 214% and 226%；Levels hole trepanning mode dustfall content is at most funnel
With 60 ° of cylinder body angle, the dustfall content of collection efficiency 166%, funnel and 45 ° of type cylinder bodies of cylinder body angle is minimum, collection efficiency
121%.
Funnel is away from 5cm states at the top of cylinder body：Dustfall content is all under 3 angles for non-porous and levels hole trepanning mode cylinder body
It is closer to, collection efficiency is between 147%-169%；The cylinder body dustfall content of lower layer hole and at the middle and upper levels hole trepanning mode it is most be
45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, dustfall content of the cylinder body of trepanning mode under 3 angles is funnel away from cylinder body 5cm types at the middle and upper levels
In cylinder body at most, collection efficiency is respectively 255%, 281% and 225%；The cylinder body of middle lower layer hole trepanning mode funnel with
Dustfall content is close when 30 ° and 60 ° of cylinder body angle, is all higher than the cylinder body of funnel and 45 ° of types of cylinder body angle, collection efficiency is respectively
172%, 165% and 141%.
Funnel is away from 0cm states at the top of cylinder body：The cylinder body dustfall content of non-porous and upper layer hole trepanning mode type it is most be leakage
60 ° of bucket and cylinder body angle, collection efficiency are 213% and 262%, dustfall content it is minimum be funnel and 45 ° of cylinder body angle, collect and imitate
Rate is 133% and 158%；The cylinder body dustfall content of lower layer's hole trepanning mode it is most be 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, collection efficiency
173%；What the cylinder body dustfall content of hole and levels hole trepanning mode was most at the middle and upper levels is 30 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, is collected
Efficiency is respectively 225% and 286%, dustfall content it is minimum be 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, collection efficiency is respectively 173%
With 102%；The cylinder body of middle lower layer hole trepanning mode, dustfall content is close when funnel and cylinder body angle are 30 ° and 60 °, collection efficiency
Respectively 158% and 162%, dustfall content it is minimum be 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, collection efficiency 119%.
The depositing dust collection measure feature of different trepanning modes
The cylinder body depositing dust of different trepanning modes collects situation and sees that Fig. 5, collection efficiency mean value are followed successively by from big to small：In upper two
Round (229%, δ=0.29, δ-standard deviation, there is partition), upper layer hole (there is partition in 180%, δ=0.39), two rows hole
(164%, δ=0.50), non-porous (there is partition in 161%, δ=0.22), in lower two rounds (157%, δ=0.18), lower layer hole
(140%, δ=0.22).
Funnel is away from 10cm at the top of cylinder body：30 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, non-porous and upper layer hole trepanning mode cylinder body dustfall content
More than lower layer's trepanning mode, collection efficiency is respectively 184%, 195% and 153%；Hole and middle lower layer hole trepanning mode at the middle and upper levels
Cylinder body dustfall content be more than levels trepanning mode, collection efficiency is respectively 214%, 186% and 136%；Funnel is pressed from both sides with cylinder body
45 ° of angle, depositing dust measure feature is similar to 30 ° of cylinder body angle to funnel, wherein the cylinder body dustfall content of trepanning mode is most at the middle and upper levels, receives
It is 249% to collect efficiency, and the cylinder body dustfall content of lower layer's trepanning mode is minimum, collection efficiency 104%；60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, on
The cylinder body dustfall content of layer trepanning mode and at the middle and upper levels trepanning mode is more, and collection efficiency is 176% and 226%, non-porous and lower layer
The cylinder body dustfall content of hole trepanning mode is less, and collection efficiency is 147% and 144%.
Funnel is dropped away from 30 ° of 5cm at the top of cylinder body, funnel and cylinder body angle, the cylinder body of upper layer hole and at the middle and upper levels hole trepanning mode
Dust quantity is more, and collection efficiency is 202% and 255%, the less cylinder body for lower layer hole and levels hole trepanning mode of dustfall content,
Collection efficiency is 143% and 147%；45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, dustfall content it is more be still upper layer hole and hole is opened at the middle and upper levels
The cylinder body of hole mode, but trepanning mode advantage in upper layer is not it is obvious that collection efficiency is 179% and 281%, and dustfall content is minimum
It is the cylinder body of middle lower layer hole trepanning mode, collection efficiency 164%；60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, at the middle and upper levels hole trepanning mode
Cylinder body dustfall content it is most, the cylinder body collecting amount of collection efficiency 225%, upper layer hole trepanning mode is minimum, collection efficiency 105%.
Funnel is more than lower layer's trepanning mode, receives away from 0cm at the top of cylinder body, non-porous and upper layer hole trepanning mode cylinder body dustfall content
Collect efficiency be respectively 152%, 176% and 116%, during the cylinder body dustfall content of hole and levels hole trepanning mode is more than at the middle and upper levels under
Layer trepanning mode, collection efficiency is respectively 225%, 286% and 158%；45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, lower layer hole and at the middle and upper levels
The cylinder body dustfall content of hole trepanning mode is close, and the cylinder body dustfall content of collection efficiency 173%, levels hole trepanning mode is minimum, receives
Collect efficiency 102%；60 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, non-porous and upper layer trepanning mode cylinder body dustfall content is that lower layer's trepanning mode drops
Twice or so of dust quantity, collection efficiency 213%, 262% and 115%, the at the middle and upper levels cylinder body in hole and levels hole trepanning mode
Dustfall content is more than middle lower layer's trepanning mode, collection efficiency 211%, 184% and 162%.
It discusses
The collection efficiency of depositing dust is influenced by 5 factors, is horizontal husky flux, sand and dust quality, air turbulence, depositing dust respectively
" secondary dirt " and " dirt shadow " effect.For how to weaken the influence of " secondary dirt ", researcher has done multinomial improvement, such as
Using glass marble, wet method (adding atoleine, ethylene glycol solution, water) and adding filter screen etc., the collecting effect of wherein wet method is preferable,
But the influence of added liquid how is removed in constituent analysis, it is still a problem.It (is leaked herein by three kinds of measures are increased
Bucket, partition and punching) optimization cylinder body, main purpose is to weaken cylinder body inlet wind speed (increasing partition), reduces vortex in cylinder body
Intensity is reduced " secondary dirt ", creates the environment for being more advantageous to depositing dust whereabouts, the results showed that each measure is all more or less to drop
The raising of dirt collection efficiency has and energetically influences.
Influence of the funnel away from different distance at the top of cylinder body to dustfall content：It is non-porous, upper layer hole, hole and middle lower layer hole at the middle and upper levels,
When funnel and cylinder body angle are 30 ° and 45 °, cylinder body collecting effect of the funnel away from 10cm and 5cm at the top of cylinder body is better than funnel
Away from cylinder body 0cm, collection efficiency mean value is 188% (δ=0.30), 194% (δ=0.46) and 162% (δ=0.30), funnel and
When 60 ° of cylinder body angle, no evident regularity；The cylinder body of lower layer hole and levels hole trepanning mode is in different angles from cylinder body in funnel
When depositing dust measure feature it is totally different or even on the contrary, such as 2-3,5-3,8-3 and 3-3,6-3,9-3；2-6,5-6,8-6 and 3-6,6-6,9-
6.Major influence factors may have：(1) collection efficiency of air speed influence cylinder body, it is considered that, cylinder body collection efficiency is with wind speed
Increase and reduces.Funnel away from cylinder body top there are certain distance, understand some after entering bung hole and first hit bucket wall by wind,
Carry out an energy dissipating, taking husky ability also can accordingly weaken, cause bulky grain depositing dust fall, and funnel directly with cylinder body at the top of phase
The mode connect, what wind was directly hit is funnel, and depositing dust can again jump up after hitting funnel, be carried over outside bucket；(2) lower layer's trepanning
Mode cause big wind speed downstream to enter in bucket directly to carry out secondary blow to the depositing dust that bucket bottom has been landed and raise, cause " secondary
Dirt ".
Funnel and influence of the cylinder body difference angle to dustfall content：Cylinder body of the funnel away from 10cm and 5cm types at the top of cylinder body,
It is non-porous, under upper layer hole and lower layer's hole trepanning mode, collection efficiency be followed successively by from big to small 30 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle, 45 °,
60 °, collection efficiency is 173% (δ=0.22), 154% (δ=0.24), 144% (δ=0.21)；Trepanning mode at the middle and upper levels, leakage
Bucket and 45 ° of collection efficiency highests of cylinder body angle are 249% and 281%；The cylinder body of middle lower layer and levels trepanning mode type drops
Dust quantity is without obvious characteristic.Funnel is away from 0cm at the top of cylinder body, widely different, non-porous and upper layer trepanning between all types of cylinder body collecting amounts
Mode, 60 ° of dustfall contents of funnel and cylinder body angle are most, and collection efficiency is 213% and 262%, and 45 ° of dustfall contents are minimum, but lower layer
Hole trepanning mode, 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle are most, and collection efficiency only has 173%；Double-row hole trepanning mode, funnel and cylinder body
The cylinder body collecting amount of 30 ° of angle is most, 45 ° minimum, and collection efficiency is 223% (δ=0.52) and 144% (δ=0.31).
Influence of the different trepanning modes to dustfall content：Cylinder body of the funnel away from 10cm and 5cm types at the top of cylinder body, upper layer Kong Kai
The cylinder body dustfall content of hole mode is more than non-porous and lower layer's trepanning mode (except 7-2), non-porous, upper layer hole and lower layer's hole collection efficiency
Mean value is respectively 159% (δ=0.11), 171% (δ=0.32), 142% (δ=0.19)；The cylinder body drop of trepanning mode at the middle and upper levels
Dust quantity is more than middle lower layer's trepanning mode and levels trepanning mode, and collection efficiency mean value is respectively 242% (δ=0.23), and 163%
(δ=0.14), 150% (δ=0.18).Dustfall content of the funnel away from 0cm type cylinder bodies at the top of cylinder body is without obvious characteristic.Upper layer trepanning
Mode (adding partition) and at the middle and upper levels trepanning mode (adding partition) are more conducive to improve depositing dust collection efficiency, and reason may be (1) gas
Stream enters the depositing dust that barrel bottom is not directly acted in bucket, compared to lower layer's trepanning mode, is less susceptible to that the secondary fortune of depositing dust occurs
It is dynamic；(2) addition of partition can weaken funnel to the air-flow wind speed of cylinder body top area, reduce the husky ability of taking of stream, profit
In the whereabouts of depositing dust.
Conclusion
By the collecting amount and collection efficiency of 55 type cylinder body of field inspection, tentatively obtain to draw a conclusion：(1) increase every
Piece, funnel and trepanning can significantly improve collection efficiency；(2) cylinder body collecting effect of the funnel away from 10cm and 5cm at the top of cylinder body compared with
For stabilization；Funnel differs greatly away from 0cm at the top of cylinder body, all types of cylinder body collecting amounts, and need further observational study；(3)
The cylinder body collecting effect of 30 ° and 45 ° of funnel and cylinder body angle is preferable, and collection efficiency is higher than 60 ° about 20% of angle；(4) upper layer is opened
Hole mode (partition) and trepanning mode (partition) is with the obvious advantage at the middle and upper levels, compares other trepanning modes and 65%-89% is respectively increased
And 16%-40%.
It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art are come
It says, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fall dust collector, which is characterized in that the cylinder body including straight cylindrical, the cylinder body are internally provided with round leakage
Bucket, the circle funnel include the collection portion of cone and the cylindric injection unit being connect with collection portion center, the receipts
Circular open of the collection portion towards the cylinder body, the injection unit are directed toward the bottom of the cylinder body, the outer edge of the collection portion with
The inner wall seamless welding of the cylinder body together, tilts down in the middle part of the collection portion, the collection portion and the cylinder body
In angle of 45 degrees, the fall dust collector further includes automatic weighing apparatus for central axes, and the automatic weighing apparatus includes weighing tray, claims
Sensor, battery, data collector are retransmitted, for the weighing tray for accepting depositing dust, the weighing tray is set to the bottom of cylinder body
Portion, the weighing sensor are set to the lower section of weighing tray, and the weighing sensor is connect with battery, the data collector
It is connect with the weighing sensor.
2. fall dust collector as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be connected in the collection portion of the circle funnel multiple
The partition extended to the circular open direction of the cylinder body, multiple partitions are directed to the axle center of the collection portion, more
The outer surface of collection portion is divided into the sector region of multiple area equations by a partition.
3. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the partition is right angled triangle, it is each it is described every
The bevel edge of piece is all connected in the collection portion of the round funnel, and the right angle of each partition is directed to the axis of the collection portion
Line.
4. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the axis with the collection portion of each partition
Vertical right-angle side is in a plane vertical with the axis of the collection portion.
5. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the partition it is vertical with the axis of the collection portion
Right-angle side on be connected with becket, the center of circle of the becket is on the axis of the collection portion.
6. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that be provided with multiple air-flows on the inner wall of the cylinder body
Hole, multiple airflow holes are respectively positioned on the lower section of the collection portion, and nut is equipped in each airflow hole, and the nut is set to described
The inside of cylinder body.
7. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that be arranged between the nut and the inner wall of the cylinder body
There is the washer of the cotton around airflow hole, the thickness of washer is 2mm.
8. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the airflow hole include multiple first airflow holes and
Multiple second airflow holes, multiple first airflow holes are respectively positioned on the top of the top edge of injection unit, and multiple first airflow holes are same
Highly, multiple second airflow holes are respectively positioned on the lower section of the top edge of injection unit and the top of the lower edge positioned at injection unit, multiple
Second airflow hole is in sustained height.
9. fall dust collector as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the outer edge of the collection portion of the circle funnel is away from institute
The top 5-10cm of cylinder body, a diameter of 3cm of the collection portion of the circle funnel, length 10cm are stated, the circle funnel
The aperture of collection portion is 1cm.
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