CN108546567A - A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique - Google Patents

A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108546567A
CN108546567A CN201810373299.3A CN201810373299A CN108546567A CN 108546567 A CN108546567 A CN 108546567A CN 201810373299 A CN201810373299 A CN 201810373299A CN 108546567 A CN108546567 A CN 108546567A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mixture
chemical industry
waste
waste disposal
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201810373299.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周克山
陈玉林
朱志超
李俊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nanjing Hui Chemical Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nanjing Hui Chemical Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Nanjing Hui Chemical Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Nanjing Hui Chemical Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810373299.3A priority Critical patent/CN108546567A/en
Publication of CN108546567A publication Critical patent/CN108546567A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique, includes the following steps：S1：Solid-state castoff is crushed, then is stirred to form stirring thing with broken coal；S2：By slurry waste by pump pressure-raising after, carry out nozzle atomization, then by liquid sprinkling stirring thing surface in step sl, the first mixture be made；S3：First mixture is delivered to by conveyer belt in fluidized-bed gasification furnace, first time gasification reaction is carried out, the primary mixture after reaction goes air flow bed；S4：Liquid waste is passed through into nozzle atomization after pumping pressure-raising；Gaseous waste products pass through nozzle after compressor pressure-raising；S5：It is mixed with primary mixture, the second mixture is made；S6：Second mixture is sent into airflow bed gasification furnace and carry out second of gasification reaction, is made combustible gas, the present invention solves in the prior art that the investment of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal is big, process range is small and can there is technical issues that.

Description

A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste treatment technical field more particularly to a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal techniques.
Background technology
Chemical industry danger wastes, with geometry grade ascendant trend, are essentially consisted in China：Originally it is used as general chemical industry waste , by new environmental regulation, chemical industry danger wastes will be defined as；Stringent, the statistics of chemical industry danger wastes of law enforcement for environmental protection Quantity is also increasing year by year.Aiming at for hazardous waste disposal be innoxious, minimizing, recycling.Danger wastes at present Processing means are concentrated mainly on：Burn, cure, the oxidation of boundary over zero, the techniques such as plasma.This kind of technique respectively has feature：At burning Science and engineering skill accounting is maximum, and flying ash has high-ratio surface area, the mercury of enriched, cadmium, lead etc. as the dangerous waste after decrement Toxic heavy metal has adsorbed a large amount of dioxin-like chemical；Exhaust gas after burning needs purified treatment, especially needs to pay attention to dioxin Substance processing.The oxidation of boundary over zero, plasma treatment process, investment is big, process range is small.Curing process is simple, but cures The firming body intensity and immersion property arrived is poor, and the long-term fixed effect of heavy metal is poor, and there are gradual exudation, the wind of secondary pollution Danger.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique, it is dangerous to solve chemical industry in the prior art Offal treatment investment is big, process range is small and can there is technical issues that.
A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique, includes the following steps：
S1：Solid-state castoff is crushed, then is stirred to form stirring thing with broken coal；
S2：By slurry waste by pump pressure-raising after, carry out nozzle atomization, then in step sl by liquid sprinkling The first mixture is made in stirring thing surface；
S3：First mixture is delivered to by conveyer belt in fluidized-bed gasification furnace, first time gasification reaction, fluidisation are carried out Bed gasification furnace outlet is the mixture of raw gas, coal dust, chemical industrial waste object flying dust；Wherein, first time gasification reaction refer to broken coal and Combustible component in chemical industrial waste object occurs incomplete oxidation with oxygen and reacts production raw gas, coal dust and solid-state castoff flying dust Process；
S4：By liquid waste, gaseous waste products by nozzle atomization after, with raw gas, coal dust, the chemical industry in step S3 The mixture of waste flying dust is mixed, and the second mixture is made；
S5：Second mixture is sent into airflow bed gasification furnace and carries out second of gasification reaction, water-gas is finally made, the Second gasification reaction refers to the combustible component in raw gas, coal dust, chemical industrial waste object and reacts production with oxygen generation incomplete oxidation Raw gas melts the process of cinder and waste slag.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows：
Further, the grain size that the solid-state castoff in the step S1 crushes is not more than 6mm, using the beneficial effect of this step Fruit is that fluidized-bed gasification furnace is facilitated to carry out primary gasification reaction.
Further, the gross mass of the solid-state castoff in the step S2 and slurry waste is not more than the first mixture The 20% of gross mass, the advantageous effect using this step, to control charging calorific value, are prevented by controlling the first heat value of mixture Only total gasification reaction is had an impact.
Further, gaseous waste products and the gross mass of liquid waste are total no more than the second mixture in the step S4 The 40% of quality.
Further, the treatment temperature of fluidized-bed gasification furnace is 850-1100 DEG C in the step S3, using having for this step Beneficial effect is to ensure that temperature not above slag temperature.
Further, the treatment temperature of airflow bed gasification furnace is not less than 1400 DEG C in the step S5.
Wherein, in the present invention, first time gasification reaction is as follows：
C+O2→CO2+Q
C+O2→1/2CO+Q
C+CO2(g)→2CO(g)―Q
C+2H2O=CO2+2H2―Q
For the combustible component in gas, liquid, solid state chemical industrial waste object：
CmHn → (pyrolysis) → C+CH4+H2-Q
CH4(part)+O2→CO2+H20+Q
Second of gasification main reaction is as follows：
H2+O2→H2O+Q
CO+O2→CO2+Q
C+CO2(g)→2CO(g)―Q
C+2H2O=CO2+2H2―Q
For the combustible component in gas, liquid, solid state chemical industrial waste object：
CmHn → (pyrolysis) → C+CH4+H2-Q
CH4(whole)+O2→CO2+H20+Q
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention is according to compound fine coal gasification process feature, using chemical industry danger wastes as fuel source, to gasification In the case that technique does not make big adjustment, accomplish economy, efficient process, reaches what chemical industry danger wastes resource recycling utilized Target；Fuel of the chemical industry danger wastes of high heating value as compound fine coal gasification process can save coal resources, reduce former Expect cost.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor It puts, other drawings may also be obtained based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow chart of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique described in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique provided by the present invention, includes the following steps：
S1：Solid-state castoff is crushed, then is stirred to form stirring thing with broken coal；
S2：By slurry waste by pump pressure-raising after, carry out nozzle atomization, then in step sl by liquid sprinkling The first mixture is made in stirring thing surface；
S3：First mixture is delivered to by conveyer belt in fluidized-bed gasification furnace, first time gasification reaction is carried out, is made Primary mixture is sent into gas feed bin；
S4：By liquid waste by nozzle atomization, gaseous waste products are passed through into nozzle mist again after compressor pressure-raising After change, together in step S3 raw gas, coal dust, chemical industrial waste object flying dust mixture mixed, be made second mixing Object；
S5：Second mixture is sent into airflow bed gasification furnace and carries out second of gasification reaction, water-gas is finally made.
Wherein, the grain size that the solid-state castoff in the step S1 crushes is not more than 6mm, and fluidized-bed gasification furnace is facilitated to carry out First time gasification reaction.
Wherein, the gross mass of the solid-state castoff in the step S2 and slurry waste is not more than the total matter of the first mixture The 20% of amount, the present invention in view of the calorific value of chemical industry solid-state castoff it is general≤2000kCal/kg, pass through and control quality, ensure Heat value of mixture influences ＜ 10% to the charging calorific value of primary gasification furnace, while handling waste, moreover it is possible to realize first Secondary gasification reaction, if more than 20%, gasifier temperature is difficult to up to standard, and effective gas (CO+H2) content of water-gas can be relatively low, and not Sufficient amount of melting cinder can be provided to cure chemical industry danger wastes.
Wherein, gaseous waste products and the gross mass of liquid waste are not more than the second mixture gross mass in the step S4 40%, the present invention in, the calorific value of fluidized gasification outlet of still raw gas is in 2500kCal/kg or so, chemical liquid, gaseous waste The calorific value of object is general≤2000kCal/kg, heat value of mixture influences ＜ 10%, therefore energy to the charging calorific value of primary gasification furnace It is enough to realize while handling waste, moreover it is possible to realize second of gasification reaction, if more than 40%, gasifier temperature is difficult to reach Mark, effective gas (CO+H2) content of water-gas can be relatively low, and cannot provide sufficient amount of melting cinder to cure chemical industry danger Waste.
Wherein, the treatment temperature of fluidized-bed gasification furnace is 850-1100 DEG C in the step S3, if being higher than 1100 DEG C of cinders Start to melt, broken coal or broken chemical industry danger wastes encounter the cinder of melting, are easy bonding into bulk, lead to fluidized gasification Bed unstability in stove blocks feed inlet and lower cinder notch.
Wherein, the treatment temperature of airflow bed gasification furnace is at least 1400 DEG C in the step S5, for some specific chemical industry Danger wastes, flying dust, the dangerous waste containing certain heavy metal species of the municipal solid waste incinerator such as containing heavy metal and dioxin Object decomposes the most dioxin organic pollutions of destruction for (1400 DEG C) by high temperature, and residue and the cinder of molten condition fill Divide mixing, by rapidly cooling to form fine and close glassy state molten slag, by heavy metals immobilization in molten slag network, realizes and stabilize mesh , because airflow bed gasification furnace operates for slag, at 1320 DEG C, operation temperature is generally greater than flowing temperature after general cinder melting About 100 DEG C of this temperature, therefore select to be not less than 1400 DEG C.
A kind of chemical industry danger wastes that are directed to of the present invention carry out the technology that resource recycling utilizes；Composite powder coal gas Change technology is a kind of new type coal gasification technology, including fluidized-bed gasification furnace, airflow bed gasification furnace；Fluidized-bed gasification furnace middle and lower part powder Coal charging, air inlet agent, bottom deslagging, coal gas carry coal dust and are discharged from furnace roof, and airflow bed gasification furnace is entered together with gasifying agent The fuel nozzle second gasification of lower part, bottom deslagging, top outlet；
The present invention is mixed into fluidized gasification by process integration, by chemical industry solid-state, slurry danger wastes and fine coal Chemical industry liquid, gaseous state danger wastes and coal gas+coal dust are mixed into fluidized-bed gasification furnace by stove, and danger wastes are gasifying It is aoxidized in stove, reduction reaction, final product is water-gas (H2, CO be main component), residual residue is mixed with cinder, shape Cheng Gu melts object；The wherein described chemical industry danger wastes refer to being generated in chemical process, have and poison, burn into explosion, fire The properties such as burning, combustion-supporting have human body, facility, environment the waste chemicals and its composite of the severe toxicity of harm, are suitable for this hair The chemical industry danger wastes of bright technique refer to that can crack, aoxidize in the high temperature environment with certain remaining calorific value, saliferous Rate is not high, does not generate explosion hazard, does not generate heavy corrosion substance to transferring equipment.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution The range of scheme.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1：Solid-state castoff is crushed, then is stirred to form stirring thing with broken coal；
S2：By slurry waste by pump pressure-raising after, nozzle atomization is carried out, then by liquid sprinkling stirring in step sl The first mixture is made in object surface；
S3：First mixture is delivered to by conveyer belt in fluidized-bed gasification furnace, first time gasification reaction, fluid bed gas are carried out Change outlet of still is the mixture of raw gas, coal dust and chemical industrial waste object flying dust；
S4：By liquid waste, gaseous waste products by nozzle atomization after, with the raw gas in step S3, coal dust, chemical industrial waste The mixture of object flying dust is mixed, and the second mixture is made；
S5：Second mixture is sent into airflow bed gasification furnace and carries out second of gasification reaction, water-gas is finally made.
2. a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1 The grain size that solid-state castoff crushes is not more than 6mm.
3. a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step S2 The gross mass of solid-state castoff and slurry waste is not more than the 20% of the first mixture gross mass.
4. a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique according to claim 3, which is characterized in that gas in the step S4 The gross mass of state waste and liquid waste is not more than the 40% of the second mixture gross mass.
5. a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that flowed in the step S3 The treatment temperature for changing bed gasification furnace is 850-1100 DEG C.
6. a kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique according to claim 5, which is characterized in that gas in the step S5 The treatment temperature of fluidized gas producer is not less than 1400 DEG C.
CN201810373299.3A 2018-04-24 2018-04-24 A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique Withdrawn CN108546567A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810373299.3A CN108546567A (en) 2018-04-24 2018-04-24 A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810373299.3A CN108546567A (en) 2018-04-24 2018-04-24 A kind of chemical industry hazardous waste disposal technique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108546567A true CN108546567A (en) 2018-09-18

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113217915A (en) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-06 兰溪市创力能源有限公司 Hazardous waste treatment method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113217915A (en) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-06 兰溪市创力能源有限公司 Hazardous waste treatment method

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Application publication date: 20180918