CN108544613A - 把松软木材或其废料转变为坚硬的板材的装置和制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是一种把松软木材或垃圾废料转变为坚硬的板材的装置和制造方法，主要是解决松软的木材和无用的废料，转变为坚硬耐用的新型板材，提高低端木材的应用范围和价值，更为垃圾和植物废料的环保处理，变废为宝开创了一条新途径，主要通过药液煮制1‑8小时，装入压缩板格内恒温加压5‑500吨，8‑36小时，使之重新组合变成坚硬的，可代替钢材合金材料使用的新材料，非常适宜国内外广泛的用户采纳生产推广使用。
Description
技术领域：本发明提供的是把松软木材转变成实木或比钢材合金更坚硬的工艺方法和制造装置，属木材加工为新材料领域。
背景技术：现有木材有多种不同的性质、分松软、中等硬度和坚实等，其中松软的木材最多，如松树、马尾松、橡木、速生桉等等，为了强化木材的性质，使之转变为坚实耐用的材料，数十年前科学研究便开始了，有的研究致力于将木材切片或打碎加胶加压制成板材，有的研究致力于将纤维提取纳米纤维加压合成新的板材材料，然而这些合成材料并不坚实耐用，一经吸潮老化便散架软化，致使许多采用此类合成板材制成的各式家具使用不久便变成废品，尤其是遇上水灾风雨侵入吸潮后的家具立马就无法使用了。但在自然界中如此众多的松软木材，能不能有一种处理工艺方法将之转化为坚实的，或比钢铁还坚硬的新型材料呢？本发明便是答案！
发明内容：要想改变松软的木材的性质，首先应象做豆腐干或造纸的方法那样来解决，即将木材打浆粉或切割成方圆材料或大小片板，然后采用小苏打(氢氧化钠)和亚硫酸钠各百分之1-5溶液将木料加热99度浸泡6个小时或8个小时以上变为软化熟料，然后采用保温框格，像压豆腐干那样加压50-500吨压力，装叠于框内的木材熟料一段时间1-13个小时以上。
具体实施方式：选松木、橡木、杉木、速生桉树或其他品种的松软原木，去掉皮枝叶、刨片、割制成方料、板料、不成材的及废枝叶余料，包括皮、枝根全部打浆粉或用百分之1-5的石灰水浸泡致能去掉粉浆，只剩纤维止或加热至沸煮至能除掉粉浆物质为止。如采用废旧纸作原料，浸泡于百分一至百分之五的石灰水溶液中搅成纸浆沥干水待用。采用生铁或不锈钢制成的方圆的底板、围板、面板、液压装置组成压缩方圆的板格，方圆的底板或面板在四角和中间位置各承装一台千斤顶，可将底板往上，或将面板往下均平压缩，五台千斤顶统一联接连杆联动，或统一由一台液压泵供液压液统一联动，将方圆的板格上下左右周边围板的外表面装上电热线路板和恒温控制的探头器及外贴保温层，如在方圆板格面板上装千斤顶需增加一个升降固定架来固定五台千斤顶，或采用纸厂、垃圾厂常用的螺杆压缩装置取代前述装置，最好是采用万吨水压机液压装置来压缩木材、竹木浆；包括各种植物粉、浆或原样材料或各种垃圾的混合料，压缩时一定要预先加药料加热至99度以上，煮制8小时以上，并保温恒温在99度左右压制24小时以上，但如混合有纤维、胶质、塑料等物质的混合料可煮沸半小时或采用蒸汽加热超过100度即可装格保温100度压制；经12-24 小时，保温100度以上的压制即可获得硬度不同的新型材料。为了变废为宝，重点以垃圾为主料的，用于建筑的代用钢材，空心隔墙板，最为经济划算，达到低成本处理了垃圾，又获得了代用钢材的板材使用，经济、环保一起两得。
附图说明：
图1是成品木料煮制、压缩两用装置实施示意图。
具体组装配件包括：底槽板1、面板2、围框3、螺杆4、带杆螺母5、放水阀6、底网板7、碳纤维布或纤维布8、木料9、热气炉10、热气阀 11、压板梁12、直压螺杆13、温控器14、保温层15、水泥平台16；具体组装步骤其特征是：在坚实的水泥平台(16)上面安装固定底槽板(1)、底槽板(1)的面上装围板框在围板框(3)的外围装一层保温层(15)、在底板底侧装放水阀(6)、后在底板(1)的板面上装网板(7)、在底网板面上铺装纤维布(8)、在纤维布(8)的面上装木材(9)，在木材 (9)的面上装压缩面板(2)、在面板(2)的上方架设压板梁(12)，在压板梁(12)的左中右螺孔位置旋装若干条直压螺杆(13)，并与面板 (2)的面接触或扣住；压板梁两端开孔穿过主螺杆(4)，若干条主螺杆 (4)的底端固定于底槽板(1)的边缘螺孔中，主螺杆的上段旋入带杆螺母(5)，在底槽板(1)的底部槽口装进气的热气阀(11)，在另一端槽口装排气的热气阀(11)，进排气两个相同的热气阀(11)均与温控器(14) 电连接，因热气阀(11)是电磁阀，所以要连接电源和温控器用来控制恒温保障热压木材达到预期目的。
使用方法和积极效果：本发明的使用方法的步骤其特征是：前述装置组装完成后，把面板提升脱离围框口，并从围框口注入预先煮沸的，含同等量的1-5％的氢氧化钠和哑硫酸纳溶液浸没木材面，后盖上面板，八小时内保持温度在99度左右，然后打开放气的热气阀，放干水液，提升盖板，注入热气烘干木材六成以上水份后，压下盖板，保持温度恒定在99-110 度范围，加压力从1吨-500吨，保温加压12-36小时出料，可获得比铁木还坚实，比钢铁还坚硬的成品木材。如采用旧纸、废纸箱、垃圾混合料，植物根叶或粉浆，只需加前述配方药液浸煮预热达99度，沥干水份一半以上，或轻压排水，遂渐加热保温101度-150度，采用5-500吨压力加压，经10-30小时出料，同样可获得坚硬的板料。
Claims (1)
1.把松软木材或废料转变为坚硬的板材的装置和制造方法其特征是：包括底槽板1、面板2、围框3、螺杆4、带杆螺母5、放水阀6、底网板7、碳纤维布或纤维布8、木料9、热气炉10、热气阀11、压板梁12、直压螺杆13、温控器14、保温层15、水泥平台16；具体组装步骤其特征是：在坚实的水泥平台(16)上面安装固定底槽板(1)、底槽板(1)的面上装围板框在围板框(3)的外围装一层保温层(15)、在底板底侧装放水阀(6)、后在底板(1)的板面上装网板(7)、在底网板面上铺装纤维布(8)、在纤维布(8)的面上装木材(9)，在木材(9)的面上装压缩面板(2)、在面板(2)的上方架设压板梁(12)，在压板梁(12)的左中右螺孔位置旋装若干条直压螺杆(13)，并与面板(2)的面接触或扣住；压板梁两端开孔穿过主螺杆(4)，若干条主螺杆(4)的底端固定于底槽板(1)的边缘螺孔中，主螺杆的上段旋入带杆螺母(5)，在底槽板(1)的底部槽口装进气的热气阀(11)，在另一端槽口装排气的热气阀(11)，进排气两个相同的热气阀(11)均与温控器(14)电连接，因热气阀(11)是电磁阀，所以要连接电源和温控器用来控制恒温保障热压木材达到预期目的。
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