CN108535080A - A kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample - Google Patents
A kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN108535080A CN108535080A CN201810255656.6A CN201810255656A CN108535080A CN 108535080 A CN108535080 A CN 108535080A CN 201810255656 A CN201810255656 A CN 201810255656A CN 108535080 A CN108535080 A CN 108535080A
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- polishing
- sample
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- silk
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
Abstract
The present invention relates to metallurgical polishing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample includes the following steps：（1）Using by slightly carrying out pre-grinding to the tested surface of sample successively to thin sand paper；（2）Antiscuffing paste is injected in alcohol and configures polishing fluid, and antiscuffing paste is made to be uniformly distributed in alcohol；（3）Flannelette and silk are sequentially placed on the polishing disk of polishing machine and are fixed；（4）Using with carrying out multiple tracks polishing successively to sample by the polishing fluid slightly to fine polishing cream；（5）Remain in the polishing fluid on tested surface using alcohol jettisoning；（6）Alcohol is sprayed on the tested surface of sample to be cleaned and dried up；The present invention method for making sample sample making course efficiently, high yield rate, avoid pollution of traditional polishing process to specimen surface, the generation of metallographic " illusion " can be greatly reduced；Traditional metallographic sample preparation is avoided simultaneously using personal injury caused by polishing powder and polishing agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical polishing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample.
Background technology
Power plant（Including thermal power plant, nuclear power plant etc.）Inside there are a large amount of metal parts, component will metallographic in military service overall process
Histological test carries out metal supervision.Before metal material carries out Analysis on Microstructure, it is necessary to first carry out pre-grinding and throwing to metallographic specimen
The quality of light, quality of finish directly influences the observation and judgement of microstructure.
Existing tradition metallurgical polishing sample preparation technique has following disadvantage：（1）Operability is poor：Because of misoperation Chang Yi
The pollution for causing burnishing surface, as easily specimen surface caused to pollute with villous and the water stain of different color and lusters on burnishing surface；With de-
Scratch caused by fat cotton dips in clear water wiping burnishing surface or is moistened with solvent wiping burnishing surface with absorbent cotton, tap is in the clear of flowing
Burnishing surface washmarking caused by underwater cleaning burnishing surface.Such polishing method often results in the secondary pollution to burnishing surface, can lead
Cause occur illusion impact analysis judgement when metallographic observation.（2）Consumptive material is costly：Diamond spraying polishing agent is expensive, and
And the phenomenon that often will appear pressure in the bottle deficiency and cannot spraying, it is be easy to cause the waste of polishing agent, increases sample preparation cost.
（3）Easily lead to personal injury：Traditional metallographic sample preparation technique, irritant smell, makes for a long time when using diamond spraying polishing agent
With easy appearance is dizzy can possibly even side effect be generated to the respiratory system of people；If using alumina powder aqueous solution, three oxidations
Chromium powder aqueous solution can lead to lung as polishing agent, the dust of alumina powder, alumina powder once accidentally being sucked internal deposition
Portion's tissue fibrosis；Chromium trioxide powder is a kind of hypertoxic and carcinogen, is easy to generate injury to human body.It is referring to attached drawing 1
Using the burnishing surface of sample made from traditional metallurgical polishing method for making sample.
When based on above-mentioned background, especially high-volume metallographic sample preparation, a kind of economic, efficient, practical, fanout free region diameter is developed
It is necessary to polishing method for making sample.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample to solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample, including following step
Suddenly：
（1）Using by slightly carrying out pre-grinding to the tested surface of sample successively to thin sand paper, one of sand paper, tested surface rotation are often replaced
90 °, keeps lower grinding direction and the length direction of upper polishing scratch together together perpendicular, be ground to polishing scratch together and thoroughly go
It removes；
（2）By by slightly to thin granularity be WNO.1, WNO.2 ... the n kind antiscuffing pastes of WNO.n are injected separately into its in n bottles of alcohol
In one bottle, form the n bottle polishing fluids with different grain size antiscuffing paste, shake, so that antiscuffing paste is uniformly distributed in alcohol, wherein n
For integer, n is not less than 2；
（3）N+1 platform polishing machines are set, it is numbered respectively for 1#, 2# ... the polishing machine of n# and n+1#, wherein n# is arranged
Alcoholic solution is arranged in the polishing machine of polishing fluid with WNO.n granularity antiscuffing pastes, n+1#, and flannelette and silk are sequentially placed into every
It is on the polishing disk of polishing machine and fixed；
（4）Start successively 1#, 2# ... n# polishing machines are polished tested surface, often replace a polishing machine, tested surface rotation
90 °, keep lower polishing direction together and upper polishing direction together perpendicular, spray polishing fluid on silk before polishing, polishes
The interval sprinkling polishing fluid on silk in the process, wherein when starting 1# polishing machines, the polishing direction of sample and last sand paper together
It is perpendicular to grind obtained polishing scratch length direction；
（5）N+1# polishing machines are started, alcohol is uniformly sprayed on silk, fixed sample gently polishes 5-10 above silk
Second, jettisoning remains in the polishing fluid on tested surface；
（6）Alcohol is sprayed on the tested surface of sample to be cleaned and dried up.
Further, the antiscuffing paste is diamond polishing cream.
Further, the step（2）In, 1g antiscuffing pastes are added in every 100ml alcohol.
Further, the step（2）In, the polishing fluid is shaken uniformly, specially using supersonic wave cleaning machine：It is first
First the cleaning temperature of setting supersonic wave cleaning machine is 30 DEG C, and the polishing fluid is put into the supersonic wave cleaning machine and shakes 5-
It 15 minutes, takes out for use.
Further, the step（2）In, the antiscuffing paste includes two kinds of antiscuffing pastes that granularity is W5 and W2.5, the n
It is 2.
Further, the step（4）Including following sub-step：
（S1）Rough polishing：First opening 1# polishing machines makes polishing disk rotate, then the polishing fluid with W5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
On silk, holds with a hand sample and adjust last one of sand paper is ground on tested surface polishing scratch and polishing disk rotation direction
It is in 90 °, polishing fluid was uniformly sprayed on silk every 5-25 seconds, the polishing scratch that rough polishing is ground to last one of sand paper is all gone
It removes, closes 1# polishing machines, sample is tentatively cleaned, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up；
（S2）Essence is thrown：First opening 2# polishing machines makes polishing disk rotate, then the polishing fluid with W2.5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
It is sprinkled upon on silk, holds with a hand sample and adjust and wait for that side keeps the polishing scratch that rough polishing leaves and polishing disk rotation direction in 90 °, essence is thrown
Every 5-25 seconds, uniformly sprinkling polishing fluid, essence were thrown to burnishing surface for minute surface and without polishing scratch in the process, 2# polishing machines were closed, to sample
It is tentatively cleaned, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up.
Further, the method for making sample further includes step（7）The tested surface of sample is observed with metallographic microscope.
Further, with the metallographic microscope to tested surface carry out observation former prime minister using corrosive liquid to tested surface into
Row corrosion.
After the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：The method for making sample of the present invention
Sample making course efficiently, high yield rate, avoid pollution of traditional metallurgical polishing sample preparation technique polishing process to specimen surface, can be big
Amplitude reduces the generation of metallographic " illusion "；Traditional metallographic sample preparation is avoided simultaneously using the person caused by polishing powder and polishing agent
Injury；In addition, the polishing fluid in the present invention uses antiscuffing paste and alcohol, economical and practical, effect is good.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the sample prepared using traditional metallurgical polishing method for making sample；
Attached drawing 2 is sample prepared by metallurgical polishing method for making sample using the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram of polishing machine in the present invention.
Wherein, 1, polishing machine；2, flannelette；3, silk；4, it switchs.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
A kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample, includes the following steps：
（1）Using by slightly carrying out pre-grinding to the tested surface of sample successively to thin sand paper, one of sand paper, tested surface rotation are often replaced
90 °, keeps lower grinding direction and the length direction of upper polishing scratch together together perpendicular, be ground to polishing scratch together and thoroughly go
It removes.
（2）By by slightly to thin granularity be WNO.1, WNO.2 ... the n kind antiscuffing pastes of WNO.n are injected separately into n bottles of alcohol
Wherein one bottle, form the n bottle polishing fluids with different grain size antiscuffing paste, shake, antiscuffing paste is made to be uniformly distributed in alcohol,
In, n is integer, and n is not less than 2.Preferably, 1g antiscuffing pastes are added in every 100ml alcohol.
（3）N+1 platforms polishing machine 1 is set, it is numbered respectively for 1#, 2# ... n#, n+1#, the polishing machine 1 of wherein n#
The polishing fluid with WNO.n granularity antiscuffing pastes is arranged, alcoholic solution is arranged in the polishing machine 1 of n+1#, successively by flannelette 2 and silk 3
It is placed on the polishing disk of every polishing machine 1 and fixed.
（4）Start successively 1#, 2# ... n# polishing machines 1 are polished tested surface, often replace a polishing machine 1, tested surface
90 ° of rotation keeps lower polishing direction together and upper polishing direction together perpendicular, sprays polishing fluid on silk 3 before polishing,
In polishing process on silk 3 interval sprinkling polishing fluid, wherein when starting 1# polishing machines 1, the polishing direction of sample and last
The polishing scratch length direction that road sand paper is ground is perpendicular.
（5）N+1# polishing machines 1 are started, alcohol is uniformly sprayed on silk 3, fixed sample is gently thrown above silk 3
Light 5-10 seconds, jettisoning remains in the polishing fluid on tested surface.
（6）Alcohol is sprayed on the tested surface of sample to be cleaned and dried up.
Preferably, antiscuffing paste is diamond polishing cream.Antiscuffing paste includes two kinds of antiscuffing pastes that granularity is W5 and W2.5, and n is
2.At this point, step（4）Specially：
（S1）Rough polishing：First opening 1# polishing machines 1 makes polishing disk rotate, then the polishing fluid with W5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
On silk 3, holds with a hand sample and adjust last one of sand paper is ground on tested surface polishing scratch and polishing disk rotation side
To in 90 °, polishing fluid was uniformly sprayed on silk 3 every 5-25 seconds, the polishing scratch that rough polishing is ground to last one of sand paper is complete
Portion removes, and closes 1# polishing machines 1, is tentatively cleaned to sample, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up；
（S2）Essence is thrown：First opening 2# polishing machines 1 makes polishing disk rotate, then the polishing fluid with W2.5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
It is sprinkled upon on silk 3, holds with a hand sample and adjust and wait for that side keeps the polishing scratch that rough polishing leaves and polishing disk rotation direction in 90 °, essence
Every 5-25 seconds, uniformly sprinkling polishing fluid, essence were thrown to burnishing surface for minute surface and without polishing scratch during throwing, closed 2# polishing machines 1, right
Sample is tentatively cleaned, and remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up.
Embodiment 1
A kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample, includes the following steps：
（1）First metallographic specimen is ground, uses 240#, 400#, 800#, 1200# waterproof abrasive paper pre-grinding respectively, is often replaced together
Sand paper, sample rotate 90 °, until being ground to the thorough removal of polishing scratch together.
（2）First the diamond polishing cream of 5 grams of W5 granularities is injected into 500ml alcohol, then by the Buddha's warrior attendant of 5 grams of W2.5 granularities
Stone antiscuffing paste is injected into another bottle of 500ml alcohol.Then supersonic wave cleaning machine is opened, setting cleaning temperature is 30 DEG C, two
Bottle solution, which is put into supersonic wave cleaning machine, to be shaken, and is taken out after ten minutes for use.
（3）Shown in attached drawing 3, first flannelette 2 is individually fixed on the polishing disk of 1#, 2#, 3# polishing machine 1, then by silk
Silk fabric 3（It is sheared by the geometric size of polishing disk）It is individually placed on flannelette 22 and is fixed on the polishing disk of 1#, 2#, 3# polishing machine 1.
Polishing machine 1 is single driving desktop computer, 300 revs/min of rotating speed, operating voltage 220V.Select villus not easily to fall off, firm
Gu durable flannelette 2, such flannelette 2 are usually used in the polishing of the materials such as steel material and aluminum bronze magnesium；Silk 3 select surface it is smooth,
The pure silk products of specimen surface not easy to pollute.
（4）Rough polishing：The switch 4 of 1# polishing machines 1 is first opened, then the polishing fluid with W5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed at
On silk 3, hold with a hand sample and adjust sample polishing scratch and polishing disk rotation direction it is in 90 °, can be every during rough polishing
Uniformly sprinkling polishing fluid, rough polishing to the polishing scratch for removing last one of sand paper substantially and leaving close 1# polishing machines 1, to sample within 15 seconds
It is tentatively cleaned, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up.
（5）Essence is thrown：The switch 4 of 2# polishing machines 1 is first opened, then the polishing fluid with W2.5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
It is sprinkled upon on silk 3, holds with a hand sample and adjusts trace direction that sample rough polishing leaves and polishing disk rotation direction is in 90 °, essence
Polishing fluid can be uniformly sprayed during throwing every 15 seconds, essence is thrown to burnishing surface for minute surface and without polishing scratch, and 2# polishing machines 1 are closed,
Sample is tentatively cleaned, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up.
（6）The switch 44 of 3# polishing machines 1 is first opened, then alcohol is uniformly sprayed on silk 33, it is light to hold with a hand sample
Light polishing 5-10 seconds, jettisoning remains in the polishing fluid on burnishing surface, closes 3# polishing machines 1.
（7）A small amount of alcohol is sprayed on specimen surface, is cleaned, and hair-dryer is used in combination to dry up.
（8）Metallographic microscope is opened, burnishing surface is observed with metallographic microscope, if you need to corrode, is then needed after corroding again
Carry out structure observation.
Referring to the burnishing surface that attached drawing 2 is sample made from method for making sample using the present invention, the burnishing surface is totally pollution-free,
There is no water stain or villus, to be adversely affected to subsequent metallographic observation.Traditional method for making sample in opposite attached drawing 1
Effect is more preferable.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Using by slightly carrying out pre-grinding to the tested surface of sample successively to thin sand paper, one of sand paper, tested surface rotation are often replaced
90 °, keeps lower grinding direction and the length direction of upper polishing scratch together together perpendicular, be ground to polishing scratch together and thoroughly go
It removes；
（2）By by slightly to thin granularity be WNO.1, WNO.2 ... the n kind antiscuffing pastes of WNO.n are injected separately into its in n bottles of alcohol
In one bottle, form the n bottle polishing fluids with different grain size antiscuffing paste, shake, so that antiscuffing paste is uniformly distributed in alcohol, wherein n
For integer, n is not less than 2；
（3）N+1 platform polishing machines are set, it is numbered respectively for 1#, 2# ... the polishing machine of n# and n+1#, wherein n# is arranged
Alcoholic solution is arranged in the polishing machine of polishing fluid with WNO.n granularity antiscuffing pastes, n+1#, and flannelette and silk are sequentially placed into every
It is on the polishing disk of polishing machine and fixed；
（4）Start successively 1#, 2# ... n# polishing machines are polished tested surface, often replace a polishing machine, tested surface rotation
90 °, keep lower polishing direction together and upper polishing direction together perpendicular, spray polishing fluid on silk before polishing, polishes
The interval sprinkling polishing fluid on silk in the process, wherein when starting 1# polishing machines, the polishing direction of sample and last sand paper together
It is perpendicular to grind obtained polishing scratch length direction；
（5）N+1# polishing machines are started, alcohol is uniformly sprayed on silk, fixed sample gently polishes 5-10 above silk
Second, jettisoning remains in the polishing fluid on tested surface；
（6）Alcohol is sprayed on the tested surface of sample to be cleaned and dried up.
2. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The antiscuffing paste is thrown for diamond
Light cream.
3. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）In, often
1g antiscuffing pastes are added in 100ml alcohol.
4. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（2）In, using super
Sound wave cleaning machine shakes the polishing fluid uniformly, specially：The cleaning temperature of setting supersonic wave cleaning machine first is 30 DEG C, will
The polishing fluid, which is put into the supersonic wave cleaning machine, to be shaken 5-15 minutes, is taken out for use.
5. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）In, the throwing
Light cream includes two kinds of antiscuffing pastes that granularity is W5 and W2.5, and the n is 2.
6. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step（4）Including as follows
Sub-step：
（S1）Rough polishing：First opening 1# polishing machines makes polishing disk rotate, then the polishing fluid with W5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
On silk, holds with a hand sample and adjust last one of sand paper is ground on tested surface polishing scratch and polishing disk rotation direction
It is in 90 °, polishing fluid was uniformly sprayed on silk every 5-25 seconds, the polishing scratch that rough polishing is ground to last one of sand paper is all gone
It removes, closes 1# polishing machines, sample is tentatively cleaned, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up；
（S2）Essence is thrown：First opening 2# polishing machines makes polishing disk rotate, then the polishing fluid with W2.5 granularity antiscuffing pastes is uniformly sprayed
It is sprinkled upon on silk, holds with a hand sample and adjust and wait for that side keeps the polishing scratch that rough polishing leaves and polishing disk rotation direction in 90 °, essence is thrown
Every 5-25 seconds, uniformly sprinkling polishing fluid, essence were thrown to burnishing surface for minute surface and without polishing scratch in the process, 2# polishing machines were closed, to sample
It is tentatively cleaned, remaining polishing fluid on sample is cleaned up.
7. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The method for making sample further includes step
Suddenly（7）The tested surface of sample is observed with metallographic microscope.
8. a kind of metallurgical polishing method for making sample according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：With the metallographic microscope pair
Tested surface is carried out observation former prime minister and is corroded to tested surface using corrosive liquid.
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| CN110018028A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-16 | 宸鸿科技(厦门)有限公司 | A kind of metallographic microsection sample preparation method of sapphire substrate electronic building brick |
| CN110455846A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-15 | 飞而康快速制造科技有限责任公司 | A kind of display methods of attritive powder section microscopic structure |
| CN110553892A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-10 | 华电邹县发电有限公司 | Erosion method suitable for T/P91 and T/P92 steel |
| CN110672393A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-10 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Sample preparation method for fracture analysis of powder high-temperature alloy durable sample |
| CN111289328A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-16 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Metallographic phase preparation method of tungsten-zirconium alloy |
| CN111521462A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 中国航发成都发动机有限公司 | Metallographic preparation method of coating |
| CN112129761A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Method for measuring sulfide on fracture surface of C38+ N steel tensile test sample |
| CN112985956A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-18 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Method for preparing chemical vapor deposition-state rhenium EBSD sample |
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| CN110018028B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2023-01-13 | 宸鸿科技(厦门)有限公司 | Preparation method of metallographic section sample of sapphire substrate electronic component |
| CN110018028A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-16 | 宸鸿科技(厦门)有限公司 | A kind of metallographic microsection sample preparation method of sapphire substrate electronic building brick |
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| CN111521462A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 中国航发成都发动机有限公司 | Metallographic preparation method of coating |
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