CN108533172A - A kind of well system and method - Google Patents
A kind of well system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108533172A CN108533172A CN201810263809.1A CN201810263809A CN108533172A CN 108533172 A CN108533172 A CN 108533172A CN 201810263809 A CN201810263809 A CN 201810263809A CN 108533172 A CN108533172 A CN 108533172A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of well system and method.The well system includes：Blast wave generating apparatus stretches into pit shaft, and the blast wave generating apparatus by way of pulsed discharge for generating shock wave；The continuous pipe being connected with the upper end of the blast wave generating apparatus, the connecting pipes to the blast wave generating apparatus in conveying drilling fluid, so that the shock wave that the blast wave generating apparatus generates acts on rock by medium of drilling fluid；The nozzle being connected with the lower end of the blast wave generating apparatus, the nozzle form jet stream for constraining the drilling fluid under the action of by the shock wave.Technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can carry out rock with high hardness in deep formation effectively broken.
Description
Technical field
This application involves oil and gas exploration technology field, more particularly to a kind of well system and method.
Background technology
Drilling well is the important link of oil exploration and oil field development, and breaking technique for rock is the core content of drilling engineering, is carried
High well drilling and rock crushing efficiency can realize oil-gas reservoir quickly, low cost development.As middle-shallow layer oil-gas exploration reserves growth in China's is got over
Come slower, the emphasis of the following exploration and development will turn to Deep Oil And Gas Exploration resource.And in deep-well, ultradeep well development process by
In stratum densification, hardness is high and abrasiveness is strong, and the bit pressure of drilling machine and torque are passed to drill bit by conventional drilling mode by drilling rod
Fractured rock increases with drilling depth, and mechanical energy utilization ratio reduces, and causes drilling speed to reduce, drilling period increases, cost
The problems such as raising, causes seriously to restrict to China's Deep Oil And Gas Exploration exploration and development, therefore there is an urgent need for a kind of height for deep hard formation
Imitate new methods of drilling.
Invention content
The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of well system and method, can be to rock with high hardness in deep formation
Stone carries out effectively broken.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of well system and method is realized in：
A kind of well system, the well system include：
Blast wave generating apparatus stretches into pit shaft, and the blast wave generating apparatus is used for by way of pulsed discharge
Generate shock wave；
The continuous pipe being connected with the upper end of the blast wave generating apparatus, the connecting pipes are sent out in the shock wave
Generating apparatus conveys drilling fluid, so that the shock wave that the blast wave generating apparatus generates acts on rock by medium of drilling fluid
Stone；
The nozzle being connected with the lower end of the blast wave generating apparatus, the nozzle for constrain the drilling fluid by
To under the action of the shock wave, jet stream is formed.
In preferred embodiment, the well system further include setting on the ground for electric installation；
It is described to be connected with the blast wave generating apparatus by the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged for electric installation, it uses
It powers in the blast wave generating apparatus.
In preferred embodiment, the blast wave generating apparatus includes shell, inner casing and impact wave generation circuit；
The shell and the inner casing being arranged in the shell form cavity, and are connected with the continuous pipe, so that
The continuous pipe conveys drilling fluid to the cavity；Wherein, the inner casing is for encapsulating the impact wave generation circuit；
The impact wave generation circuit is connected with the cable, and the impact wave generation circuit includes transformer, whole
Flow device, impulse capacitor group, air switch and electrode pair；Include concatenated described between two output ends of the transformer
Rectifier and the impulse capacitor group；It include the concatenated air between two output ends of the impulse capacitor group
Switch and the electrode pair；The electrode is to stretching into the cavity；Wherein, the impulse capacitor group includes at least one
Impulse capacitor；The transformer is used to be converted to the second alternating current for the first alternating current that electric installation provides by described,
In, the voltage of second alternating current is higher than first alternating current；The rectifier is used to convert in second alternating current
For direct current；When the voltage that the air switch is used to store in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold value, hit
Air is worn, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group is applied to the electrode to upper, so that the electrode is to production
Raw shock wave.
In preferred embodiment, when the pulsed capacitance group includes at least two impulse capacitor, the impulse capacitor
It is attached by the way of in parallel between each impulse capacitor in group.
In preferred embodiment, the electrode centering includes first electrode and second electrode；
The first electrode is connected with one end of the air switch, the other end of the air switch and the pulse
Capacitor group is connected；
The second electrode and the tie point of the impulse capacitor group and the impulse capacitor group and the transformation
The tie point of one output end of device, is connected with ground.
In preferred embodiment, the structure of the electrode pair includes：At least one in needle-harden structure, rod-rod structure and coaxial configuration
Kind structure.
In preferred embodiment, the well system further includes the drilling fluid conveying device of setting on the ground；
The drilling fluid conveying device after drilling fluid pressurizes for sending to the continuous pipe.
In preferred embodiment, the well system further includes the drilling fluid reclamation device of setting on the ground；
The drilling fluid reclamation device is connected with well mouth of oil well to return the drilling fluid for draining into ground under recovery well.
A kind of boring method applied in the well system, the method includes：
It is defeated in the cavity formed with the inner casing being arranged in the shell by shell of the continuous pipe into impact wave apparatus
Drilling fluid is sent, so that stretching into the electrode pair in the impact wave generation circuit in the impact generating means in the cavity
It is immersed in the drilling fluid；
By the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged, the transformer into the impact wave generation circuit provides first and hands over
Galvanic electricity, and the second alternating current is converted to by the first alternating current described in the transformer, wherein the electricity of second alternating current
Pressure is higher than first alternating current；And second alternating current is converted by the rectifier in the impact wave generation circuit
For direct current, the voltage of the direct current is stored by the impulse capacitor group in the impact wave generation circuit；
When the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold value, electricity is occurred by the shock wave
Air switch in road punctures air, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group is applied to the electrode to upper, production
Raw shock wave, so that the shock wave acts on rock using the drilling fluid as medium.
In preferred embodiment, the method further includes：
By the drilling fluid reclamation device being connected with well mouth of oil well, the drilling fluid for draining into ground is returned under recovery well, so that
Rock is obtained to be discharged from underground by the landwaste generated after the shock wave.
By the above technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application as it can be seen that a kind of well system provided by the embodiments of the present application and
Method, when the nozzle gos deep into deep well hard formation, by shell of the continuous pipe into impact wave apparatus with setting described
Drilling fluid is conveyed in the cavity that inner casing in shell is formed, so that stretching into the impact generating means in the cavity
Impact wave generation circuit in electrode to being immersed in the drilling fluid；By the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged, to
Transformer in the impact wave generation circuit provides the first alternating current, and is turned by the first alternating current described in the transformer
It is changed to the second alternating current, wherein the voltage of second alternating current is higher than first alternating current；And pass through the shock wave
Second alternating current is converted to direct current by the rectifier occurred in circuit, passes through the arteries and veins in the impact wave generation circuit
Rush the voltage that capacitor group stores the direct current；The voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold
When value, air is punctured by the air switch in the impact wave generation circuit, by what is stored in the impulse capacitor group
Voltage is applied to the electrode to upper, shock wave is generated, so that the shock wave acts on firmly by medium of the drilling fluid
The rock on stratum, and extrusion stretching effect is generated to rock, to fractured rock.In this way, using drilling well system provided by the present application
System can carry out rock with high hardness in deep formation effectively broken.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described here is only used for task of explanation, and is not intended to limit model disclosed by the invention in any way
It encloses.In addition, the shape and proportional sizes etc. of each component in figure are only schematical, it is used to help the understanding of the present invention, and
It is not the specific shape and proportional sizes for limiting each component of the present invention.Those skilled in the art under the teachings of the present invention, can
Implement the present invention to select various possible shapes and proportional sizes as the case may be.
Fig. 1 is the composed structure schematic diagram of the application well system embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the partial schematic diagram of blast wave generating apparatus and nozzle in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that wave generation circuit is impacted in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of shock wave fractured rock in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 4 in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is a kind of flow chart of boring method of the application.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of well system of the embodiment of the present application offer and method.
With reference to the drawings and the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the details of the present invention can clearly be understood.But
It is the specific implementation mode of invention described herein, is only used for explaining the purpose of the present invention, and cannot manages in any way
Solution is at being limitation of the present invention.Under the teachings of the present invention, technical staff is contemplated that based on the arbitrary possible of the present invention
Deformation, these are regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention.It should be noted that when element be referred to as " being set to " another
Element, it can be directly on another element or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " even
Connect " another element, it can be directly to another element or may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term " peace
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be mechanical connection or electrical connection, can also be in two elements
The connection in portion, can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.Term as used herein " vertically ", " level
", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, be not offered as being uniquely to implement
Mode.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article and belong to the technical field of the application
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.The term used in the description of the present application is intended merely to describe herein
The purpose of specific embodiment, it is not intended that in limitation the application.Term as used herein "and/or" include one or
Any and all combinations of multiple relevant Listed Items.
It is effectively broken in order to be carried out to rock with high hardness in deep formation, a kind of drilling well is proposed in this application
System, Fig. 1 are the composed structure schematic diagrames of the application well system embodiment, and Fig. 2 is that shock wave occurs in the embodiment of the present application
The partial schematic diagram of device and nozzle, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the well system may include：Blast wave generating apparatus 1,
It is stretched into pit shaft, and the blast wave generating apparatus 1 by way of pulsed discharge for generating shock wave 4；With the impact
The continuous pipe 2 that the upper end of wave generating device 1 is connected, the continuous pipe 2 are used to convey to the blast wave generating apparatus 1 and bore
Well liquid, so that the shock wave 4 that the blast wave generating apparatus 1 generates acts on rock by medium of drilling fluid；With the punching
The nozzle 3 that the lower end of wave generating device 1 is connected is hit, the nozzle 3 is for constraining the drilling fluid by the shock wave
Under the action of 4, jet stream 5 is formed.
In the present embodiment, for the designated position being preferably sent into the continuous pipe 2 to the pit shaft, the company
The pipeline that the lower part of continuous pipe 2 can select caliber smaller, the pipeline that the top of the continuous pipe 2 can select caliber larger.Its
In, the length of the lower part of the continuous pipe 2 can be longer than eyelet depth.
In the present embodiment, the internal structure of the nozzle 3 may include the internal structures such as linear type and taper, with suitable
Shock wave and jet stream for being formed when different discharge parameters.Wherein, the jet stream can be used for addi-tional crusher rock, and
The landwaste that shaft bottom generates is carried to ground, to complete circulating drilling.
In the present embodiment, the well system can also include the coiled tubing unit 6 of setting on the ground, described
Coiled tubing unit 6 can be used for the designated position in pit shaft described in 2 tripping in of continuous pipe.
In the present embodiment, the well system can also include setting on the ground for electric installation 7.The power supply
Device 7 can be connected by the way that the cable 8 in the continuous pipe 2 is arranged with the blast wave generating apparatus 1, can be used for
It powers to the blast wave generating apparatus 2.For example, described can be sent out by the cable 8 to the shock wave for electric installation 7
Generating apparatus 2 persistently provides alternating current.
In the present embodiment, the blast wave generating apparatus 1 includes shell, inner casing and impact wave generation circuit 1-1.
The shell and the inner casing being arranged in the shell form cavity, and are connected with the continuous pipe 2, so that the company
Continuous pipe 2 conveys drilling fluid to the cavity.Wherein, the inner casing can be used for encapsulating the impact wave generation circuit 1-1.Institute
It states impact wave generation circuit 1-1 with the cable 8 to be connected, the impact wave generation circuit 1-1 can be used for putting by pulse
The mode of electricity generates shock wave 4.
In the present embodiment, Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that wave generation circuit is impacted in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in figure 3, institute
It may include transformer 1-11, rectifier 1-12, impulse capacitor group 1-13, air switch to state in impact wave generation circuit 1-1
1-14 and electrode are to 1-15.Specifically, include the concatenated rectifier 1- between two output ends of the transformer 1-11
The 12 and impulse capacitor group 1-13.Include concatenated described between two output ends of the impulse capacitor group 1-13
Air switch 1-14 and the electrode are to 1-15.The electrode stretches into the cavity to 1-15.Wherein, the impulse capacitor
Group 1-13 includes at least one impulse capacitor.The transformer 1-11 is used to hand over described for electric installation 7 provides first
Galvanic electricity is converted to the second alternating current, wherein the voltage of second alternating current is higher than first alternating current.For example, described
The voltage of one alternating current can be 220 pairs of spies (V) or 380V.The rectifier 1-12 is used to convert in second alternating current
For direct current.The voltage that the air switch 1-14 is used to store in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold value
When, puncture air, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group 1-13 is applied to the electrode on 1-15, so that
It obtains the electrode and shock wave 4 is generated to 1-15.
In the present embodiment, when the pulsed capacitance group 1-13 includes at least two impulse capacitor, the arteries and veins
It is attached by the way of in parallel between each impulse capacitor rushed in capacitor group 1-13.
In the present embodiment, the electrode includes first electrode 1-151 and second electrode 1-152 to 1-15.It is described
First electrode 1-151 is connected with one end of the air switch 1-14, the other end and the arteries and veins of the air switch 1-14
Capacitor group is rushed to be connected.The tie point of the second electrode 1-152 and impulse capacitor group 1-13 and the pulse
The tie point of an output end of the capacitor group 1-13 and transformer 1-11, is connected with ground.In specific implementation process
In, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group 1-13 is applied to the first electrode 1-151 and the second electrode 1-
When between 152, electric spark is carried out in residing drilling fluid between the first electrode 1-151 and the second electrode 1-152
Electric discharge forms high energy plasma discharges channel, so that the TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE in the high energy plasma discharges channel is (reachable
Tens thousand of degree) circumference drilling fluid, cause the pressure in the discharge channel drastically to increase, and generate pressure height in drilling fluid
Up to 103~104The shock wave of megapascal (MPa) is in rock, and when the stress that rock is subject to is more than its stress intensity, rock is just
It can be broken.Wherein, the principle of the shock wave fractured rock is referred to shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, shock wave broken formation 11
Rock will produce disintegrating area 12 and rupture zone 13, wherein disintegrating area is close in rupture zone 13, and rupture zone 13 is strong by shock wave 4
Strong compression, dielectric structure destroy completely, consume 4 big energy of shock wave in the process, and it is to answer to lead to shock wave attenuation
Reeb, rock is stressed the radial stress of wave and tangential stress generates a large amount of cracks, is acted in the extruding of drilling fluid and wedge
The lower extension and expansion for having encouraged crack, to form impact eyelet 14.
In the present embodiment, the electrode may include to the structure of 1-15：Needle-harden structure, rod-rod structure and ring cylinder
At least one of structure structure.
In one embodiment of the application, the well system can also include the drilling fluid conveying of setting on the ground
Device.The drilling fluid conveying device is sent after can be used for pressurizeing drilling fluid to the continuous pipe 2, to provide the impact
Drilling fluid needed for wave 4, or cool down the landwaste generated after the shock wave 4 acts on rock using drilling fluid as medium.
In one embodiment of the application, the well system can also include the drilling fluid reclamation of setting on the ground
Device.The drilling fluid reclamation device can be connected with well mouth of oil well, with by between the continuous pipe 2 and the pit shaft
The drilling fluid for draining into ground is returned under 9 recovery well of annular space of formation, so that the landwaste being broken drains into ground by shaft bottom is counter.
Wherein, the pit shaft is fixedly connected with well head by cement sheath 10.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of boring methods.Fig. 6 is a kind of flow chart of boring method of the application.Such as figure
Shown in 6, the boring method includes the following steps.
Step S101：It is formed with the inner casing being arranged in the shell by shell of the continuous pipe into impact wave apparatus
Drilling fluid is conveyed in cavity, so that stretching into the impact wave generation circuit in the impact generating means in the cavity
Electrode to being immersed in the drilling fluid.
Step S102：By the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged, the transformer into the impact wave generation circuit
First alternating current is provided, and the second alternating current is converted to by the first alternating current described in the transformer, wherein described second
The voltage of alternating current is higher than first alternating current；And by the rectifier in the impact wave generation circuit by described second
Alternating current is converted to direct current, and the electricity of the direct current is stored by the impulse capacitor group in the impact wave generation circuit
Pressure.
Step S103：When the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold value, pass through the punching
The air switch breakdown air in wave generation circuit is hit, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group is applied to described
Electrode is to upper, generation shock wave, so that the shock wave acts on rock using the drilling fluid as medium.
In the present embodiment, the given voltage threshold value can be set according to practical geological condition.
In one embodiment of the application, the boring method can also include：It can be by being connected with well mouth of oil well
Logical drilling fluid reclamation device returns the drilling fluid for draining into ground under recovery well, so that after rock is by the shock wave
The landwaste of generation is discharged from underground.
It is embodied in scene at one, when going deep into deep well hard formation, is incited somebody to action by being placed in the cable inside continuous pipe
The low-voltage AC provided for electric installation on ground is from terrestrial transmission to underground blast wave generating apparatus.It is filled in shock wave
In the impact wave generation circuit set, low-voltage AC is converted to High Level AC Voltage by transformer, passes through the rectified action of rectifier
High Level AC Voltage is transformed to high voltage direct current, and the charging of impulse capacitor group is supplied electricity to by high voltage direct current, works as impulse capacitor
When voltage reaches given voltage threshold value in group, air switch is breakdown, discharge loop conducting.Electric energy in impulse capacitor group
Abrupt release generates huge voltage difference between high-field electrode (first electrode) and grounding electrode (second electrode)
And highfield is formed, the electronics in drilling fluid is accelerated to form high energy free electron, these high energy free-electron collision moisture
Son makes hydrone be stimulated cracking or ionization, and moment (microsecond even nanosecond order) generates plasma channel, high-field electrode
Pulse spark discharge is carried out between grounding electrode.Powerful electric current is inputted to the discharge channel in discharge process, so that
Energy density in the discharge channel up to 102-103Joule/cubic centimetre, the electric current in the discharge channel reach 103-104
Ampere (A), the discharge channel internal pressure are up to 103-104MPa, in this way, huge pressure can be formed inside the discharge channel
Force gradient and temperature gradient.The superposition of expansion potential energy and radiation pressure energy can make the discharge channel expand outward rapidly,
Due to the weak compressibility of aqueous medium, the rapid conversion of electric energy and mechanical energy may be implemented, and blazed abroad in the form of wave, pass
Speed supersonic speed is broadcast, shock wave is formed.Shock wave directly acts on rock, and shock wave is propagated in rock with supersonic speed, to rock
Stone applies extremely strong impact compress effect, so that dielectric structure is destroyed completely in a certain range, rock is caused to be crushed to form powder
Broken area.Shock wave energy is largely consumed in the process so that shock wave is decayed at stress wave, tightly on the interface of disintegrating area
The region for pasting explosive fragmentating area is rupture zone, and stress wave continuation is propagated in rock, causes radially compressed and tangential tension, by
It is very poor in rock tensile capacity, when elongation strain is more than failure strain, it just will produce Radial crack；Under shock wave
The jet stream of high-speed motion enters the extruding of crack generation and wedge acts on the generation and expansion for having encouraged crack, the rock being broken
Bits also can drain into ground by water via shaft bottom is counter, in this way, can have the function that lasting efficient rock-breaking.
After the electric discharge of impulse capacitor group, high voltage direct current again charges to it, the voltage in impulse capacitor group
When reaching given voltage threshold value, air switch is breakdown, discharge loop conducting, and electric discharge generates shock wave again between electrode pair
Fractured rock, and carry out pulsed discharge is recycled with this.
For example, during Specific construction, can carry out in accordance with the following steps：
Step 1：Drifting, well-flushing；
Step 2：Cable is penetrated in coiled tubing, is connected in the blast wave generating apparatus of continuous pipe end；
Step 3：Drilling fluid conveying device is opened, fluid is pumped into out of continuous pipe；
Step 4：Start coiled tubing unit, continuous pipe is sent into target interval；
Step 5：Open on ground for electric installation, electric current passes through the boosting of the transformer in blast wave generating apparatus
It with the rectified action of rectifier, charges to impulse capacitor group, when impulse capacitor group voltage is sufficiently high, air switch is opened
And electric discharge is carried out to both ends in electrode and generates shock wave, shock wave is propagated using drilling fluid as medium to bottom rock；
Step 6：Shock wave generates squeezing action in bottom rock, crushes bottom rock, and shock wave declines rapidly later
It is kept to stress wave, stress wave is propagated in rock, and tangential stress effect is generated to rock；Since rock tensile capacity is very poor,
When elongation strain is more than failure strain, Radial crack is generated.Due to the effect of shock wave, the brill in blast wave generating apparatus
Well liquid is accelerated, is flowed out from nozzle at high speeds；One side jet stream enters the production of the extruding and wedge effect growth encourage crack of crack generation
Raw and expansion, on the other hand under jet impingement function, the fragment of rock surface peels off, and stress is released, new rock table
Face is exposed, and drilling well persistently carries out.
Step 7：Be drilled into destination layer position, close for electric installation, close coiled tubing unit, close drilling fluid conveying device,
Working string is taken out, is fulfiled assignment.
To sum up, well system provided by the embodiments of the present application and method, when the nozzle gos deep into deep well hard formation
When, can by continuous pipe to impact wave apparatus in shell and be arranged in the shell inner casing formation cavity in it is defeated
Drilling fluid is sent, so that stretching into the electrode pair in the impact wave generation circuit in the impact generating means in the cavity
It is immersed in the drilling fluid；By the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged, the transformation into the impact wave generation circuit
Device provides the first alternating current, and is converted to the second alternating current by the first alternating current described in the transformer, wherein described the
The voltage of two alternating currents is higher than first alternating current；And by the rectifier in the impact wave generation circuit by described the
Two alternating currents are converted to direct current, and the direct current is stored by the impulse capacitor group in the impact wave generation circuit
Voltage；When the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold value, pass through the impact wave generation circuit
In air switch puncture air, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group is applied to the electrode to upper, is generated
Shock wave so that the shock wave acts on the rock of hard formation using the drilling fluid as medium, and generates extruding to rock
Stretching effect, to fractured rock.In this way, can be to high hardness in deep formation using well system provided by the present application
Rock carries out effectively broken.
Moreover, using high-field electrode and grounding electrode discharge in a liquid generation shock wave effect as impact force
Source, instead of existing machinery and hydraulic drilling mode.This mode can also solve efficiency of breaking rock in existing boring method it is low,
Key issues of shaft bottom energy is insufficient；Meanwhile hydraulic shock wave constant impingement rock, crack fractured rock is generated on rock,
Using continuous pipe operation, nothing needs to change drill bit, and drill bit greatly simplifies technological process without rotation, increases equipment dependability,
Drilling cost is reduced, it can also be by adjusting effective control of the discharge parameter realization to catalase process.
Multiple element, ingredient, component or step can be provided by single integrated component, ingredient, component or step.Optionally
Ground, single integrated component, ingredient, component or step can be divided into multiple element, ingredient, component or the step of separation.It is used for
The open "a" or "an" for describing element, ingredient, component or step is not said to exclude other elements, ingredient, portion
Part or step.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with
The difference of other embodiment, the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.Above-described embodiment is only
Illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention, its object is to person skilled in the art can understand in the present invention
Hold and implement according to this, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to equivalent change made by spirit of the invention
Change or modify, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of well system, which is characterized in that the well system includes：
Blast wave generating apparatus stretches into pit shaft, and the blast wave generating apparatus by way of pulsed discharge for being generated
Shock wave；
The continuous pipe being connected with the upper end of the blast wave generating apparatus, the connecting pipes are filled in the shock wave
Conveying drilling fluid is set, so that the shock wave that the blast wave generating apparatus generates acts on rock by medium of drilling fluid；
The nozzle being connected with the lower end of the blast wave generating apparatus, the nozzle is for constraining the drilling fluid by institute
Under the action of stating shock wave, jet stream is formed.
2. well system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the well system further includes being arranged on the ground
For electric installation；
It is described to be connected with the blast wave generating apparatus by the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged for electric installation, for giving
The blast wave generating apparatus power supply.
3. well system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the blast wave generating apparatus includes shell, interior
Shell and impact wave generation circuit；
The shell and the inner casing being arranged in the shell form cavity, and are connected with the continuous pipe, so that described
Continuous pipe conveys drilling fluid to the cavity；Wherein, the inner casing is for encapsulating the impact wave generation circuit；
The impact wave generation circuit is connected with the cable, the impact wave generation circuit include transformer, rectifier,
Impulse capacitor group, air switch and electrode pair；It include the concatenated rectifier between two output ends of the transformer
With the impulse capacitor group；Include the concatenated air switch and institute between two output ends of the impulse capacitor group
State electrode pair；The electrode is to stretching into the cavity；Wherein, the impulse capacitor group includes at least one pulsed capacitance
Device；The transformer is used to be converted to the second alternating current for the first alternating current that electric installation provides by described, wherein described second
The voltage of alternating current is higher than first alternating current；The rectifier is used to second alternating current being converted to direct current；Institute
When stating air switch and reaching given voltage threshold value for the voltage that is stored in the impulse capacitor group, puncture air, it will
The voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group is applied to the electrode to upper, so that the electrode is to generating shock wave.
4. well system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that when the pulsed capacitance group includes at least two arteries and veins
When rushing capacitor, it is attached by the way of in parallel between each impulse capacitor in the impulse capacitor group.
5. well system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the electrode centering includes first electrode and the second electricity
Pole；
The first electrode is connected with one end of the air switch, the other end of the air switch and the pulsed capacitance
Device group is connected；
The second electrode and the tie point of the impulse capacitor group and the impulse capacitor group and the transformer
The tie point of one output end, is connected with ground.
6. well system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the structure of the electrode pair includes：Needle-harden structure,
At least one of rod-rod structure and coaxial configuration structure.
7. well system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the well system further includes being arranged on the ground
Drilling fluid conveying device；
The drilling fluid conveying device after drilling fluid pressurizes for sending to the continuous pipe.
8. well system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the well system further includes being arranged on the ground
Drilling fluid reclamation device；
The drilling fluid reclamation device is connected with well mouth of oil well to return the drilling fluid for draining into ground under recovery well.
9. the boring method in a kind of well system applied to described in any claim in claim 1~8, feature exist
In, the method includes：
It conveys and bores in the cavity formed with the inner casing being arranged in the shell by shell of the continuous pipe into impact wave apparatus
Well liquid so that stretch into the impact generating means in the cavity impact wave generation circuit in electrode to being immersed in
In the drilling fluid；
By the way that the cable in the continuous pipe is arranged, the transformer into the impact wave generation circuit provides the first exchange
Electricity, and the second alternating current is converted to by the first alternating current described in the transformer, wherein the voltage of second alternating current is high
In first alternating current；And second alternating current is converted to by direct current by the rectifier in the impact wave generation circuit
Electricity stores the voltage of the direct current by the impulse capacitor group in the impact wave generation circuit；
When the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group reaches given voltage threshold value, by the impact wave generation circuit
Air switch puncture air, the voltage stored in the impulse capacitor group is applied to the electrode to upper, generates punching
Wave is hit, so that the shock wave acts on rock using the drilling fluid as medium.
10. boring method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the method further includes：
By the drilling fluid reclamation device being connected with well mouth of oil well, the drilling fluid for draining into ground is returned under recovery well, so that rock
Stone is discharged by the landwaste generated after the shock wave from underground.
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| CN108533172B (en) | 2019-05-28 |
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