CN112593849B - Electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep difficult-to-drill stratum - Google Patents
Electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep difficult-to-drill stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN112593849B CN112593849B CN202011488801.9A CN202011488801A CN112593849B CN 112593849 B CN112593849 B CN 112593849B CN 202011488801 A CN202011488801 A CN 202011488801A CN 112593849 B CN112593849 B CN 112593849B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
- E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for a deep difficult-to-drill stratum. The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for the deep difficult-to-drill stratum structurally comprises an outer ring PDC drill bit, a coaxial cable, a joint, an insulating sleeve, a spring, a cable connecting rod, a sleeve body, a low-voltage grounding electrode, a high-voltage center electrode and the like. The composite drill bit combines a traditional mechanical drill bit and an electrode drill bit, realizes synchronous electric pulse rock breaking and mechanical rock breaking, improves rock breaking efficiency, and enables rock debris to be discharged easily while drilling; meanwhile, the method also has the advantages of easy control of the drilling track, low drilling cost of the deep well and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an efficient rock breaking drill bit used in the drilling and exploitation process of petroleum and natural gas, in particular to an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit used for deep difficult-to-drill stratums.
Background
In recent years, the import of petroleum and natural gas in China is continuously increased, and in order to reduce the dependence of oil and gas resources in China to foreign countries and guarantee the national energy safety, the oil and gas exploration and development strength needs to be continuously increased. At present, shallow oil and gas resources are mainly exploited in China, the shallow oil and gas resources are gradually exhausted due to large-scale exploitation, deep oil and gas resources are quite rich, the oil resource accounts for 40%, the natural gas resource accounts for 60%, and the method is a field with the largest residual resource amount and the largest development potential on land. Therefore, advancing to the deep part of the earth and exploiting deep oil and gas resources have important practical and strategic significance for realizing the energy source succession in China and building the resource foundation of the energy source safety in China. However, the deep well drilling and completion technology in China always has the problem of slow drilling speed of deep strata, the main reason of the slow drilling speed of the deep strata is low rock breaking efficiency, and in order to solve the problem of low rock breaking efficiency, research on a new high-efficiency rock breaking drilling technology and a high-efficiency rock breaking drill matched with the same is imperative.
The bit is very obvious in deep well drilling, and the adaptability of the bit to the stratum can directly determine the drilling efficiency. At present, deep well drilling mostly adopts PDC drill bits, and the PDC drill bits depend on drill string mechanical drive to rotate, and scraping and squeezing shearing action between PDC teeth and rocks is used for crushing the rocks. With the increase of the drilling depth, the overlaying pressure of deep geological rocks is gradually increased, the hardness, the compressive strength, the shearing strength and the abrasiveness of the rocks are multiplied, and a PDC drill bit is easy to wear and damage in the drilling process, so that the drilling cost is greatly increased. Meanwhile, as the drilling depth increases, the drill string is easy to twist, and once the drill string is twisted, which causes the drill to be twisted, and the drill to be inclined, so that the transmissibility of the weight on bit is deteriorated, the drilling speed of the machine is greatly reduced, and the rock breaking efficiency is greatly limited.
The high-voltage electric pulse is utilized to crush the rock, has the advantages of high rock crushing efficiency, low deep well drilling cost and the like, and is a rock crushing mode which has great development potential and is close to industrialization so far. The high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking technology is based on the lightning principle, and the high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking technology can be divided into two types according to the medium in which the pulse discharges: namely electrical pulse rock breaking and liquid electrical rock breaking. The principle of electric pulse rock breaking is as follows: applying a high voltage short pulse voltage (voltage rise time)<500 ns) in a liquid medium (such as water or oil with a conductivity of less than 300 mu S/cm), so that the interior of the ore is broken down and a discharge channel is generated, and 10-100J/cm can be instantaneously concentrated in the channel3The temperature can reach 104 ℃, the pressure reaches 1000-10000 MPa, and finally the channel generates pressure waves under the action of the high temperature and the high pressure, and when the action of the impact stress waves on the rock exceeds the self strength of the rock, the rock is damaged. The principle of the liquid-electricity rock breaking is as follows: when the discharge plasma is generated in the liquid medium, a discharge pressure wave is generated in the liquid medium; meanwhile, the liquid medium can generate bubbles, and the collapse of the bubbles can generate another part of pressure waves. When these two mechanical pressure waves exceed the strength of the rock itself, the rock is destroyed.
Aiming at deep difficult-to-drill stratum, the conventional PDC drill bit and the electrode drill bit are combined together, so that the rock breaking acceleration method is good. At present, deep well drilling is also proposed by adopting an electrode drill bit and an electrode pregnant insert, the drill bit can break rock by using high-voltage electric pulses, but the electrode drill bit needs to be driven by a drill rod to mechanically rotate to further break rock debris, and the abrasion of the rock debris at the bottom of a well to the electrode drill bit is serious in the rotating process, so that the high requirement on the performance of an electrode material is provided, and the drilling cost cannot be effectively reduced. In addition, the bottom hole debris is not easily carried out by the drilling fluid due to the structure of the electrode drill bit. Accordingly, there is a need to design and devise composite drill bits suitable for use in high-voltage electric pulse-mechanical drilling methods.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the engineering background, the invention provides an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for a deep hard-to-drill stratum. The composite drill bit is based on a high-voltage electric pulse-mechanical rotation composite drilling method: the rock breaking principle adopts a method of combining electric pulse rock breaking and traditional rock breaking, namely the power for breaking rock at the center of the well bottom is instantaneous high temperature and stress waves generated in the rock by high-voltage electric pulses, and the power for breaking rock close to the well wall is mechanical rotary drilling motion of an outer ring PDC drill bit. The method combines high-voltage electric pulse drilling with traditional mechanical rock breaking drilling, so that rocks at the center of the well bottom are broken by instantaneous high temperature and shock waves generated by the high-voltage electric pulse to form a broken pit, partial rock stress is released, the outer ring mechanical drill bit breaks rocks, the rotation of the outer ring mechanical drill bit can further break rock debris, and the rock debris is easier to discharge and the rock breaking efficiency is greatly improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep hard-to-drill stratum. The composite drill bit comprises: the high-voltage grounding device comprises a connecting disc, an outer ring PDC drill bit, a sleeve body, a grounding electrode connecting disc, a low-voltage grounding electrode, a coaxial cable, a joint, a ball, a cable connecting rod, an insulating sleeve, a high-voltage center electrode, an insulator, a limiting cylinder and a spring. In the composite drill bit, a low-voltage grounding electrode is fixedly connected with a grounding electrode connecting disc through welding, and the grounding electrode connecting disc is fixedly connected with the lower part of a sleeve body through a conical thread on the upper part; the insulating sleeve penetrates through a middle channel of the grounding electrode connecting disc and is fixedly connected with the high-voltage central electrode through threads, and a small hole is formed in the cylindrical surface of the insulating sleeve and used for connecting a cable with the grounding electrode connecting disc; the upper part of the insulating sleeve is fixedly connected (in threaded connection or welding) with the sleeve body; the cable connecting rod penetrates through the middle channel of the insulating sleeve, the lower part of the cable connecting rod is inserted into the groove at the top of the high-voltage central electrode, the upper part of the cable connecting rod is positioned in the upper groove formed by the sleeve body and the insulator together, the central hole of the cable connecting rod is used for installing and fixing a coaxial cable, and the cylindrical surface of the cable connecting rod is provided with a small hole for connecting the cable with the grounding electrode connecting disc; the upper part of the sleeve body is provided with three rectangular grooves, the middle groove is used for filling an insulator and installing a cable connecting rod, and sleeve body drilling fluid flow channels for circulating drilling fluid are arranged in the other two grooves; the insulator is filled in the groove in the middle of the sleeve body and is used for isolating the electric power conduction between the sleeve body and the cable connecting rod; a cylindrical structure at the lower part of the connecting disc is provided with a central channel for flowing in drilling fluid, the bottom of the cylindrical structure is fixedly connected with a spring through welding, the upper part of the cylindrical structure is provided with a disc-shaped structure, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc-shaped structure, balls are placed in the arc-shaped grooves, and the connecting disc is matched with the arc-shaped grooves at the bottom of the joint and the top of the drill bit through the balls to form a pressure rolling bearing; the disc-shaped structure at the top of the connecting disc is provided with a plurality of drilling fluid flow holes for circulating drilling fluid; the outer ring PDC drill bit is a multi-blade drill bit, the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit is an inner step, the center of the platform is provided with a through hole matched with the connecting disc, and the platform is provided with a plurality of drilling fluid flow holes for circulating drilling fluid; the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit is provided with an arc-shaped groove for placing a ball, and the edge of the top is fixedly connected with the joint through welding; the lower part of the joint is provided with an arc-shaped groove for matching with the ball, and the bottom of the joint is fixedly connected with the outer ring PDC drill bit through welding. The spring is fixedly connected with the sleeve body and the connecting disc through welding and is positioned on the inner cylindrical surface of the limiting cylinder.
In the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for the deep difficult-to-drill stratum, a drilling fluid inner flow path I is formed by a joint inner cavity, a connecting disc middle channel, a drilling fluid flow channel in a sleeve body and a drilling fluid flow channel in a grounding electrode connecting disc; the drilling fluid flow hole on the joint inner cavity, the connecting disc and the drilling fluid flow hole at the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit form a drilling fluid inner flow path II; a gap between blades of the outer ring PDC drill bit forms an external flow path of the drilling fluid; drilling fluid in the inner flow paths I and II flows from top to bottom, and drilling fluid in the outer flow paths from bottom to top; the inner flow path I, the inner flow path II and the outer flow path form a circulation channel of the drilling fluid. The high-voltage wire of the coaxial cable is connected with the cable connecting rod, and the high-voltage wire is conducted to the high-voltage central electrode through the cable connecting rod; the low-voltage wire of the coaxial cable is led out from the small hole at the side of the cable connecting rod and the small hole at the side of the insulating sleeve and is connected with the grounding electrode connecting disc. Arc-shaped grooves are formed in the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit, the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc-shaped structure of the connecting disc and the lower portion of the joint, and balls are placed in the grooves so as to realize the relative rest of the central electrode drill bit structure and the outer ring PDC drill bit during rotation. 6-8 electrode drilling fluid flow holes for circulating drilling fluid are uniformly distributed around the inner hole step of the grounding electrode connecting disc along the circumferential direction.
Compared with the existing drilling bit, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
1) the traditional rotary drilling rock breaking and high-voltage electric pulse drilling rock breaking are combined, so that the drilling efficiency is greatly improved;
2) the composite drill bit is combined with the underground power drilling tool, so that various types of wells (vertical wells, directional wells and the like) can be drilled, and the development requirements of petroleum drilling are met;
3) no matter the formation water or the drilling fluid can provide good liquid conditions for the high-voltage electric pulse drilling technology;
4) the electrode drill bit is installed in a mode of 'spring + limiting cylinder', so that axial vibration of the electrode drill bit in the drilling process can be met, contact between the electrode drill bit and the rock surface is increased, circumferential vibration of the electrode drill bit can be relieved by a spring structure, and electrode loss caused by mechanical action of an electrode and the rock is reduced finally;
5) the rolling bearing structure can not only realize the relative stillness of the center electrode drill bit and the outer ring PDC drill bit during operation, but also realize the interactive coincidence and staggering of the drilling fluid flow holes on the connecting disc and the drilling fluid flow holes on the inner step at the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit, is favorable for increasing the disorder degree of a bottom hole flow field, and is more favorable for discharging rock debris through hydraulic pulse.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an outline view of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for a deep hard-to-drill stratum;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for a deep hard-to-drill stratum;
FIG. 3 is a working schematic diagram of an electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for a deep hard-to-drill stratum;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a grounding electrode connection disc structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cable tie bar construction;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a connection disc structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the sheath body;
in fig. 2: 101. a connecting disc; 102. an outer ring PDC drill bit; 103. a sleeve body; 104. a ground electrode connection pad; 105. a low voltage ground electrode; 106. a coaxial cable; 107. a joint; 108. a ball bearing; 109. a cable connecting rod; 110. an insulating sleeve; 111. a high voltage center electrode; 112. an insulator; 10-B, connecting the disc drilling fluid flow hole; 10-c. electrode drilling fluid flow holes; 10-d. coaxial cable mounting holes; 10-E, a grounding electrode connecting disc drilling fluid flow channel; 10-F, sleeve body drilling fluid flow channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep difficult-to-drill stratum is described in the following with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention mainly aims at the electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep hard-to-drill stratum, as shown in figure 2, the drill bit structure comprises: the high-voltage grounding electrode comprises a connecting disc (101), an outer ring PDC drill bit (102), a sleeve body (103), a grounding electrode connecting disc (104), a low-voltage grounding electrode (105), a coaxial cable (106), a joint (107), balls (108), a cable connecting rod (109), an insulating sleeve (110), a high-voltage center electrode (111), an insulator (112), a limiting cylinder (113), a spring (114) and the like. The low-voltage grounding electrode (105) is fixedly connected with a grounding electrode connecting disc (104) through welding, and the grounding electrode connecting disc (104) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the sleeve body (103) through a conical thread on the upper part; the insulating sleeve (110) is used for isolating electric power conduction between the high-voltage central electrode and the low-voltage grounding electrode, penetrates through a middle channel of the grounding electrode connecting disc (104), is fixedly connected with the high-voltage central electrode (111) through threads, and is provided with a small hole on the cylindrical surface for connecting a cable with the grounding electrode connecting disc (104); the upper part of the insulating sleeve (110) is fixedly connected with the sleeve body (103); the cable connecting rod (109) penetrates through a middle channel of the insulating sleeve (110), the lower part of the cable connecting rod is inserted into a groove at the top of the high-voltage central electrode, the upper part of the cable connecting rod is positioned in an upper groove formed by the sleeve body (103) and the insulator (112) together, a central hole (10-D) of the cable connecting rod is used for installing and fixing the coaxial cable (106), and a small hole is formed in the cylindrical surface of the cable connecting rod and used for connecting the cable with the grounding electrode connecting disc (104); the top of the sleeve body (103) is fixedly connected with a limiting cylinder (113) and a spring (114) through welding, three rectangular grooves are formed in the upper part of the sleeve body, the middle groove is used for filling an insulator (112) and installing a cable connecting rod (109), and sleeve body drilling fluid flow channels (10-F) for circulating drilling fluid are formed in the other two grooves; the insulator (112) is filled in the middle groove of the sleeve body (103) and is used for isolating the electric conduction between the sleeve body (103) and the cable connecting rod (109); the lower cylindrical structure of the connecting disc (101) penetrates through a middle channel at the top of the bit, the bottom of the connecting disc is fixedly connected with the limiting cylinder (113) through welding, the upper part of the connecting disc is provided with a disc-shaped structure, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc-shaped structure, balls (108) are placed in the arc-shaped grooves, and the connecting disc (101) is matched with the arc-shaped grooves at the bottom of the joint (107) and the top of the outer ring PDC bit (102) through the balls to form a pressure rolling bearing; a disc-shaped structure at the top of the connecting disc (101) is provided with a plurality of drilling fluid flow holes (10-B) for circulating drilling fluid; the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) is a multi-blade drill bit, the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit is a platform, a through hole matched with the connecting disc (101) is formed in the center of the platform, and a plurality of drilling fluid flow holes (10-C) are formed in the outer ring of the through hole and used for circulating drilling fluid; the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) is provided with an arc-shaped groove for placing balls, and the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit is fixedly connected with a joint (107) through welding; the lower part of the joint (107) is provided with an arc-shaped groove for being matched with a ball, and the bottom of the joint is fixedly connected with an outer ring PDC drill bit (102) through welding. The spring (114) is fixedly connected with the sleeve body (103) and the connecting disc (101) through welding and is positioned on the inner cylindrical surface of the limiting cylinder (113).
In the composite drill bit, an inner cavity of the joint (107), a middle channel of the connecting disc (101), a drilling fluid flow channel (10-F) in the sleeve body (103) and a drilling fluid flow channel (10-E) in the grounding electrode connecting disc (104) form a drilling fluid inner flow path I; a drilling fluid inner flow path II is formed by the inner cavity of the joint (107), the drilling fluid flow hole (10-B) in the connecting disc (101) and the drilling fluid flow hole (10-C) in the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102); gaps among blades of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) form an external flow path of drilling fluid; the inner flow path I, the inner flow path II and the outer flow path form a circulation channel of the drilling fluid. The high voltage wire of the coaxial cable (106) is connected with a cable connecting rod (109), and the high voltage is conducted to the high voltage central electrode through the cable connecting rod (109); and a low-voltage wire of the coaxial cable (106) is led out from the small hole at the side of the cable connecting rod (109) and the small hole at the side of the insulating sleeve and is connected with the grounding electrode connecting disc (104). Arc-shaped grooves are formed in the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102), the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc-shaped structure of the connecting disc (101) and the lower portion of the joint (107), the balls (108) are placed in the grooves, and the center electrode drill bit structure and the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) are static relatively when the center electrode drill bit rotates. 6-8 electrode drilling fluid flow holes (10-E) for circulating drilling fluid are uniformly distributed around the inner hole step of the grounding electrode connecting disc (104) along the circumferential direction.
The working principle of the composite drill bit is shown in figure 3, and the rock breaking principle of the composite drill bit is divided into an electric pulse rock breaking part and a mechanical rock breaking part. The electric pulse rock breaking process comprises the following steps: first, the high pressure center electrode (111) and the low pressure ground electrode (105) are in contact with the downhole rock, as shown in fig. 3 (a). The current then passes through the ground power supply, cable, and across the low voltage ground electrode (105) and the high voltage center electrode (111). Under the high-voltage short-pulse discharge voltage (the voltage rise time is less than 500 ns), the breakdown field strength of the rock is smaller than that of the deionized drilling fluid (the conductivity is less than 300 mu S/cm), and a discharge plasma channel is formed in the rock, as shown in figure 3 (b). After the plasma channel is formed, the energy in the high-voltage electric pulse power supply is released into the plasma channel and heats the channel; the plasma channel is heated and expanded to generate impact stress waves and apply work to surrounding rocks, so that internal damage is generated inside the rocks; when the impact stress wave acts on the rock beyond its own strength, the rock is destroyed, as shown in fig. 3 (c). Meanwhile, undamaged rocks outside the electric pulse rock breaking ring are broken through mechanical rotation of the outer ring PDC drill bit, rock debris formed by electric pulse broken rocks and mechanical broken rocks is discharged out of the well bottom through a gap between cutter wings of the outer ring PDC drill bit under the pressure effect of the drilling fluid, so that a newly formed well bottom rock surface is in full contact with the grounding electrode (105) and the high-voltage central electrode (111), and a new round of rock breaking work is completed.
Different from the traditional rock breaking mode, the power for breaking the rock by the composite drill bit is from two parts, namely the power for breaking the rock at the center of the well bottom is instantaneous high temperature and stress waves generated in the rock by high-voltage electric pulses, and the power for breaking the rock close to the well wall is mechanical rotary drilling motion of an outer ring PDC drill bit. The rock at the central part of the well bottom is crushed by instantaneous high temperature and shock wave generated by high-voltage electric pulse to form a crushing pit, and a part of stress of the rock at the well bottom is released, so that the rock crushing effect of the outer ring mechanical drill bit is promoted, and the rock crushing efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the gaps between the blades of the outer ring PDC drill bit can accelerate the discharge of rock debris, so that the contact between the electrode drill bit and the rock is fully increased; in addition, the outer ring PDC drill bit can regulate the well wall, ensure the smoothness of the well wall and reduce the friction torque between the drill rod and the well wall. When drilling, the mechanical rotation of the outer ring PDC drill bit can effectively correct the drilling direction and ensure the drilling track.
Claims (6)
1. An electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep difficult-to-drill stratum, characterized in that the composite drill bit comprises: the device comprises a connecting disc (101), an outer ring PDC drill bit (102), a sleeve body (103), a grounding electrode connecting disc (104), a low-voltage grounding electrode (105), a coaxial cable (106), a joint (107), a ball (108), a cable connecting rod (109), an insulating sleeve (110), a high-voltage center electrode (111), an insulator (112), a limiting cylinder (113) and a spring (114); the low-voltage grounding electrode (105) is fixedly connected with a grounding electrode connecting disc (104) through welding, and the grounding electrode connecting disc (104) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the sleeve body (103) through a conical thread on the upper part; the insulating sleeve (110) is used for isolating electric conduction between the high-voltage central electrode and the low-voltage grounding electrode, penetrates through a middle channel of the grounding electrode connecting disc (104), is fixedly connected with the high-voltage central electrode (111) through threads, and is provided with a small hole on the cylindrical surface for connecting a cable with the grounding electrode connecting disc (104); the upper part of the insulating sleeve (110) is fixedly connected with the sleeve body (103); the cable connecting rod (109) penetrates through a middle channel of the insulating sleeve (110), the lower part of the cable connecting rod is inserted into a groove at the top of the high-voltage central electrode (111), the upper part of the cable connecting rod is positioned in a groove formed by the sleeve body (103) and the insulator (112), a central hole (10-D) of the cable connecting rod is used for installing and fixing the coaxial cable (106), and a small hole is formed in the cylindrical surface of the cable connecting rod and used for connecting the cable with the grounding electrode connecting disc (104); the top of the sleeve body (103) is fixedly connected with a limiting cylinder (113) and a spring (114) through welding, three rectangular grooves are formed in the upper part of the sleeve body, the middle groove is used for filling an insulator (112) and installing a cable connecting rod (109), and sleeve body drilling fluid flow channels (10-F) for circulating drilling fluid are formed in the other two grooves; the insulator (112) is filled in the middle groove of the sleeve body (103) and is used for isolating the electric conduction between the sleeve body (103) and the cable connecting rod (109); a central channel for flowing in drilling fluid is arranged on a cylindrical structure at the lower part of the connecting disc (101), the bottom of the connecting disc is fixedly connected with a spring (114) through welding, a disc-shaped structure is arranged at the upper part of the connecting disc, arc-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc-shaped structure, balls (108) are placed in the arc-shaped grooves, and the connecting disc (101) is matched with the arc-shaped grooves at the bottom of the joint (107) and the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) through the balls (108) to form a pressure rolling bearing; the disc-shaped structure at the top of the connecting disc (101) is provided with 5-10 drilling fluid flow holes (10-B) for circulating drilling fluid; the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) is a multi-blade drill bit, the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit is an inner step, a through hole matched with the connecting disc (101) is formed in the center of the inner step, and 5-10 drilling fluid flow holes (10-C) are formed in the outer ring of the through hole and used for circulating drilling fluid; the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) is provided with an arc-shaped groove for placing a ball (108), and the edge of the top is fixedly connected with a joint (107) through welding; the lower part of the joint (107) is provided with an arc-shaped groove which is used for being matched with a ball, and the bottom of the joint is fixedly connected with an outer ring PDC drill bit (102) through welding; the spring (114) is fixedly connected with the sleeve body (103) and the connecting disc (101) through welding and is positioned on the inner cylindrical surface of the limiting cylinder (113).
2. The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for the deep refractory stratum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inner cavity of the joint (107), the middle channel of the connecting disc (101), the drilling fluid flow channel (10-F) in the sleeve body (103) and the drilling fluid flow channel (10-E) in the connecting disc (104) of the grounding electrode form a drilling fluid inner flow path I; a drilling fluid inner flow path II is formed by the inner cavity of the joint (107), the drilling fluid flow hole (10-B) in the connecting disc (101) and the drilling fluid flow hole (10-C) in the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102); the gaps between blades of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) form an external flow path of the drilling fluid; drilling fluid in the inner flow paths I and II flows from top to bottom, and drilling fluid in the outer flow paths from bottom to top; the inner flow path I, the inner flow path II and the outer flow path form a circulation channel of the drilling fluid.
3. The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for the deep difficult-to-drill stratum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the top of the outer ring PDC drill bit (102), the upper and lower surfaces of the disc-shaped structure of the connecting disc (101) and the lower part of the joint (107) are provided with arc-shaped grooves, the balls (108) are placed in the grooves, and the relative rest of the central electrode drill bit structure and the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) is realized during rotation.
4. The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for the deep hard-to-drill stratum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that 6-8 electrode drilling fluid holes (10-E) for flowing drilling fluid are uniformly distributed around the inner hole step of the grounding electrode connecting disc (104) along the circumferential direction.
5. The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for the deep hard-to-drill stratum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of the drilling fluid flow holes (10-B) on the connecting disc (101) and the number of the drilling fluid flow holes (10-C) on the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) are the same, the hole diameters are the same, and the drilling fluid flow holes are staggered with a certain distance or overlapped with each other during operation, so that the circulation of the drilling fluid is ensured.
6. The electric pulse-mechanical composite rock drill bit for deep hard formations is characterized in that the outer ring PDC drill bit (102) is a multi-blade bit, and gaps among blades facilitate the discharge of rock debris during operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011488801.9A CN112593849B (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Electric pulse-mechanical composite rock breaking drill bit for deep difficult-to-drill stratum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN109577864B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-04-07 | 西南石油大学 | Electrode drill bit for coiled tubing high-voltage electric pulse-mechanical composite drilling |
| CN109441360B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-12-31 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Liquid phase discharge plasma shock wave PDC drill bit |
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