CN112780243B - Integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction system and extraction method - Google Patents
Integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction system and extraction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112780243B CN112780243B CN202011632218.0A CN202011632218A CN112780243B CN 112780243 B CN112780243 B CN 112780243B CN 202011632218 A CN202011632218 A CN 202011632218A CN 112780243 B CN112780243 B CN 112780243B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction system and an extraction method, wherein a pulse microwave generation system and a pulse hydraulic power system are combined, the tensile strength of coal rock can be reduced by the radiation of microwave, the depth of a slot for pulse hydraulic power cutting is deepened, the slotting speed is accelerated, the crack propagation direction generated by hydraulic fracturing is controlled to a certain extent by the existence of the slot, meanwhile, the cracks generated by reaming and crack formation of the coal body and hydraulic fracturing under the guiding action of the slots can be mutually expanded and communicated through by microwave radiation, the air permeability of the coal bed is increased, the gas extraction quantity of the coal bed is improved, the coal body is alternatively acted by hydraulic measures and microwaves along with the change of the pulse direction, the crack expansion range is wider, the damage of a drill bit caused by continuous repeated hydraulic cutting is avoided, the microwave heating is faster under the action of a small amount of high-pressure water at each time, and the coal bed water lock effect caused by the high-pressure water is avoided to a greater extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine gas prevention and utilization, and particularly relates to an integrated strengthened coal seam gas extraction system and an extraction method applied to a high-gas, low-permeability and hard coal seam.
Background
Gas extraction is the most effective method for controlling gas disasters, and the gas extraction rate of the coal seam is limited by the air permeability of the coal seam. The main characteristic of most coal seams in China is low air permeability, and along with the increase of mining depth, the air permeability of the coal seams is poorer and poorer, so that the gas extraction effect is seriously influenced. In order to improve the gas extraction rate, the gas extraction amount is increased by increasing the air permeability of the coal seam, and the mainly used hydraulic measures include hydraulic cutting, hydraulic fracturing and the like. However, when hydraulic cutting is used alone, the depth of the cutting is limited, so that the drainage radius is small, gas can be effectively drained only through a large number of drilled holes, and when hydraulic fracturing is used alone, the crack initiation position of cracks cannot be controlled, the crack expansion range is small, and the gas cannot be fully desorbed. Due to the existence of the problems, the application of hydraulic fracturing and hydraulic slotting in the field has certain limitations, and a new method needs to be provided to solve the limitations so as to improve the permeability of the coal seam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction system and an extraction method, which are used for solving the technical problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the integrated reinforced coal bed gas extraction system is characterized by comprising a pulse hydraulic power system and a pulse microwave generating system, wherein the pulse hydraulic power system mainly comprises a pulse control system, a water storage tank and a high-pressure water pump, the pulse microwave generating system mainly comprises a pulse control system, a microwave source and a waveguide, and the pulse control system is respectively connected with the high-pressure water pump and the microwave source through leads so as to regulate and control the pulse hydraulic power system and the pulse microwave generating system.
Furthermore, the forward pulse output of the pulse control system is the action time of the hydraulic measure, the reverse pulse output is the action time of the microwave, and the waveguide converter of the microwave system is provided with a resonant waveguide slot antenna array.
Furthermore, the pulse hydraulic system is connected with the expansion drill rod through a liquid injection pipe and then extends into the hydraulic drilling hole, and the liquid injection pipe is arranged in the expansion drill rod.
Furthermore, the pulse microwave generating system is connected with the induction probe through the microwave converter and extends into the pulse microwave drilling hole.
Further, the pulse control system is also connected with a temperature sensor through a lead and controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve.
The integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction method comprises the following steps:
alternately constructing hydraulic drilling and microwave drilling on a coal bed, wherein the distance between every two drilling is 2.5-3 m;
the pulse hydraulic system is firstly connected with a dilatation drill rod and a multifunctional drill bit in sequence through a liquid injection pipe to extend into a hydraulic drilling hole, and then the microwave drilling hole is sealed;
step three, a water storage tank is opened to inject water into the high-pressure water pump, a pulse generating system is opened to monitor the pressure of the high-pressure water pump, when the water pressure reaches the water injection pressure, an electromagnetic valve is opened through the pulse hydraulic system to realize hydraulic cutting of the pulse water pressure in the hydraulic drilling hole, the technical measures are adjusted through a pulse control system according to the pulse direction in the cutting process, when the next half period of the whole period is reached, a microwave source is controlled to be opened, a waveguide is controlled to radiate to the coal bed through an induction probe, a microwave converter is rotated to enable a resonant waveguide slot antenna array to be opposite to the coal walls on two sides of the drilling hole, the coal bed with the maximum radiation intensity generated by the slot antenna array is enabled to act on the coal bed, the hydraulic cutting and the microwave repeated action coal bed is controlled in sequence according to the pulse direction, a microseismeter is connected at the same time, and the crack extension direction is monitored in real time;
step four, after hydraulic cutting is finished, sealing holes of the hydraulic drill holes, opening an electromagnetic valve through a pulse control system, simultaneously opening a hole path in front of a remote-control multifunctional drill bit, performing pulse hydraulic fracturing, performing hydraulic fracturing by forward pulses, and performing microwave radiation on a coal bed by reverse pulses;
and step five, after the pulse hydraulic fracturing is completed, reversely opening the electromagnetic valve, draining the hydraulic drill hole, opening a water suction pump of the water storage tank to pump water, regulating and controlling a pulse control system to output reverse pulses to perform microwave radiation when draining the water, rotating the waveguide converter until the drainage is completed, enabling the maximum radiation intensity to completely act on the coal bed, merging the gas extraction pipes in the fracturing hole and the microwave drill hole into a gas extraction network to perform gas extraction after the radiation is performed for a period of time, and operating the visual monitor in the whole process to monitor and detect in real time and record data information of gas extraction of the coal bed.
Furthermore, in the third step, the hydraulic cutting seam finished each time is a disc-shaped slot, and the pressure of the hydraulic cutting seam is 9-12 MPa.
Further, in the fourth step, the high-pressure water pressure during hydraulic fracturing is 20-30 Mpa.
Further, the voltage of the pulse control system is set to be 1000Kv, the generation frequency of the electric pulses is 1/30 Hz-1/60 Hz, and one pulse is output every 30 s-60 s.
Furthermore, in each step, the operating frequency of the microwave is 3.5GHz, and the power is 2.5 Kw.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a pulse microwave-hydraulic slotting-hydraulic fracturing integrated enhanced gas extraction system and an extraction method, which overcome the limitation of the traditional single hydraulic measure, combine the microwave and the hydraulic measure through a pulse system, control the action sequence of the microwave and the hydraulic measure according to the pulse output direction, are convenient to operate, change the sequence in a short time and realize the alternate action of the microwave for multiple times, thereby not only reducing the high pressure water pressure output by the hydraulic measure, but also achieving good slotting and fracturing effects.
2. The crack is promoted by the microwave, the gas desorption is accelerated, the coal bed stress is reduced, the hydraulic cutting is facilitated, the depth of a slit for pulse hydraulic cutting is increased, the hydraulic cutting speed is accelerated, the crack propagation direction generated by hydraulic fracturing is controlled to a certain extent due to the existence of the slit, and meanwhile, the microwave radiation expands holes and creates the crack on the coal body, so that the coal rock strength is reduced, and the hydraulic fracturing effect is more remarkable.
3. The hydraulic measures and the microwaves act on the coal body alternately, so that the crack expansion range is further wider, the microwave radiation and the hydraulic cutting are alternately used, the damage of a drill bit caused by continuous repeated hydraulic cutting is avoided, a small amount of high-pressure water acts every time, the microwaves are heated more quickly, heat generated by the microwaves in a short time when the hydraulic measures act in one period continuously exists according to the change of the pulse direction, the generation of water vapor pressure is facilitated, the energy consumed by microwave heating is reduced, and the energy is saved.
4. The microwave and hydraulic fracturing alternately act along with the change of the pulse direction, the hydraulic fracturing is easier after the microwave action, the crack opening is larger, the cracks generated by the coal body can be mutually and quickly expanded and communicated, and a crack network is quickly formed, so that the air permeability of the coal bed is increased, and the gas extraction quantity of the coal bed is improved.
5. The coal bed is alternatively acted by hydraulic power measures and microwaves, so that the water lock effect of the coal bed caused by high-pressure water is avoided to a greater extent, and meanwhile, the microwave converter and the resonant waveguide gap square matrix enable the coal bed to be positioned in a maximum radiation intensity ring generated by the microwaves, so that the action effect of the microwaves is the best, and the loss of microwave energy is avoided.
The technical scheme of the invention will be further explained with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated enhanced coal seam gas extraction system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a pulse emission cycle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a waveguide converter;
in the figure: 1-pulse control system, 2-microwave source, 3-waveguide, 4-induction probe, 5-temperature sensor, 6-water storage tank, 7-high pressure water pump, 8-electromagnetic valve, 9-liquid injection pipe, 10-lead, 11-coal bed, 12-gas extraction pipe, 13-hole packer, 14-expansion drill rod, 15-multifunctional drill bit, 16-bracket, 18-hydraulic drilling hole I, 19-microwave drilling hole, 20-waveguide converter and 21-resonant waveguide slot antenna square matrix.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the invention are shown, but which may be embodied in different forms and not limited to the embodiments described herein, but which are provided so as to provide a more thorough and complete disclosure of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the knowledge of the terms used herein in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, an integrated enhanced coal seam gas extraction system includes a pulse hydraulic power system and a pulse microwave generation system, wherein the pulse hydraulic power system mainly includes a pulse control system 1, a water storage tank 6 and a high-pressure water pump 7, the pulse microwave generation system mainly includes a pulse control system 1, a microwave source 2 and a waveguide 3, and the pulse control system 1 is respectively connected to the high-pressure water pump 7 and the microwave source 2 through a wire 10, so as to regulate and control the pulse hydraulic power system and the pulse microwave generation system. The forward pulse output of the pulse control system 1 is the action time of the hydraulic measure, the reverse pulse output is the action time of the microwave, and the waveguide converter of the microwave system is provided with a resonant waveguide slot antenna array. The pulse hydraulic system is connected with the expansion drill rod 14 through the liquid injection pipe 9 and then extends into the hydraulic drilling hole 18, and the liquid injection pipe 9 is arranged in the expansion drill rod 14. The pulse microwave generating system is connected with the induction probe 4 through a waveguide converter 20 and extends into the pulse microwave borehole 19.
It should be noted that the pulse control system 1 is also connected to the temperature sensor 5 through a wire 10, and controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve 8.
An integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction method, wherein the number of pulse periods determines a technical device acting on a coal seam, the first half period of a complete period is that a hydraulic measure acts, the second half period is that a microwave radiation acts, the hydraulic measure and the microwave alternately act on the coal seam, and the fracture number of the coal seam is obviously increased, and the method comprises the following steps:
alternately constructing hydraulic drilling holes 18 and microwave drilling holes 19 in a coal seam 11, wherein the distance between every two drilling holes is 2.5-3 m;
the pulse hydraulic system is firstly connected with a dilatation drill rod 14 and a multifunctional drill bit 15 in sequence through a liquid injection pipe 9 and extends into a hydraulic drilling hole 18, and then hole sealing is carried out on a microwave drilling hole 19;
step three, starting a water storage tank 6 to inject water into a high-pressure water pump 7, simultaneously starting a pulse control system 1 to monitor the pressure of the high-pressure water pump 7, when the water pressure reaches the water injection pressure, starting an electromagnetic valve 8 through the pulse hydraulic system to realize hydraulic slotting in a hydraulic drilling hole 18 by pulse water pressure, adjusting technical measures through the pulse control system 1 according to pulse directions in the slotting process, controlling and starting a microwave source 2 when the next half period of the whole period is reached, regulating and controlling a waveguide 3 to radiate towards a coal bed 11 through an induction probe 4, rotating a waveguide converter 20 to enable a resonant waveguide slot antenna array 21 to be opposite to coal walls on two sides of the drilling hole, enabling the maximum radiation intensity generated by the slot antenna array to act on the coal bed, sequentially regulating and controlling the hydraulic slotting and microwave repeated action coal bed according to the pulse direction, simultaneously connecting a microseismeter, and monitoring the crack extension direction in real time;
step four, after hydraulic cutting is finished, sealing the hydraulic drill hole 18, opening the electromagnetic valve 8 through the pulse control system 1, simultaneously opening a hole path in front of the remote control multifunctional drill bit 15, performing pulse hydraulic fracturing, performing hydraulic fracturing by forward pulse, and performing microwave radiation on the coal seam 11 by reverse pulse;
and step five, after the pulse hydraulic fracturing is completed, reversely opening the electromagnetic valve 8, draining the hydraulic drill hole, opening a water suction pump of the water storage tank 6 to pump water, regulating and controlling the pulse control system 1 to output reverse pulses to perform microwave radiation during draining, rotating the waveguide converter 20 until the draining is completed, enabling the maximum radiation intensity to completely act on the coal bed, after a period of radiation, merging the gas extraction pipes 12 in the fracturing hole and the microwave drill hole into a gas extraction network to perform gas extraction, and operating the visual monitor in the whole process to monitor and detect and record data information of gas extraction of the coal bed in real time.
In the third step, the hydraulic cutting seam finished each time is a disc-shaped slot, and the pressure of the hydraulic cutting seam is 9-12 MPa; in the fourth step, the high-pressure water pressure during hydraulic fracturing is 20-30 Mpa.
The voltage of the pulse control system 1 is set to 1000Kv, the frequency of the electric pulse is 1/30Hz to 1/60Hz, and one pulse is output every 30s to 60 s.
In each step, the operating frequency of the microwave is 3.5GHz, and the power is 2.5 Kw.
Example 2 as a comparison, the coal body was acted on by alternate use of the hydraulic means and microwaves according to the pulse direction, and the presence of the microwaves reduced the output pressure of the high-pressure water of the hydraulic means by about 10MPa, so example 2 was abandoned.
Fig. 2 shows a pulse waveform periodic diagram, and fig. 3 shows a waveguide converter diagram, and the method can expand the original pore cracks, add new cracks, form more pore crack network diagrams, facilitate gas desorption, increase coal seam gas permeability, and increase coal seam gas extraction quantity.
A pulse microwave-hydraulic slotting-fracturing integrated coal seam permeability increasing method can enable coal bodies to generate more micro fractures through the combination of microwave and pulse hydraulic measures. The coal bed hardness is reduced through the action of microwaves, high-pressure water output fracturing of hydraulic measures is reduced, the hydraulic measures are more obvious in effect, crack propagation directions generated by hydraulic fracturing are controlled to a certain extent due to the existence of the slots, and a fracture network is formed under the guiding action of the slots and the cracks and under the action of microwave radiation coal bodies, so that the coal bed air permeability is increased, and the coal bed gas extraction quantity is increased. And along with the change of the pulse direction, the coal body is alternatively acted by the hydraulic measure and the microwaves, the crack expansion range is wider, the damage of a drill bit caused by continuous repeated hydraulic cutting is avoided, a small amount of high-pressure water acts each time, the microwave heating is faster, and the coal bed water lock effect caused by the high-pressure water is avoided to a greater extent.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt such insubstantial modifications of the inventive method concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without modification.
Claims (5)
1. The method for integrally extracting the gas in the strengthened coal seam is characterized by comprising an extraction system, wherein the extraction system comprises a pulse hydraulic power system and a pulse microwave generation system, the pulse hydraulic power system mainly comprises a pulse control system (1), a water storage tank (6) and a high-pressure water pump (7), the pulse microwave generation system mainly comprises the pulse control system (1), a microwave source (2) and a waveguide (3), and the pulse control system (1) is respectively connected with the high-pressure water pump (7) and the microwave source (2) through leads (10), so that the pulse hydraulic power system and the pulse microwave generation system are regulated and controlled;
the extraction system further comprises a waveguide converter (20), the forward pulse output of the pulse control system (1) is the action time of a hydraulic measure, the reverse pulse output is the action time of microwaves, and the waveguide converter (20) of the microwave system is provided with a resonant waveguide slot antenna array;
the pulse hydraulic system is connected with the expansion drill rod (14) through a liquid injection pipe (9) and then extends into the hydraulic drilling hole (18), and the liquid injection pipe (9) is arranged in the expansion drill rod (14);
the pulse microwave generating system is connected with the induction probe (4) through a waveguide converter (20) and extends into the pulse microwave drilling hole (19);
the pulse control system (1) is also connected with the temperature sensor (5) through a lead (10) and controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve (8);
the method comprises the following steps:
alternately constructing hydraulic drilling holes (18) and microwave drilling holes (19) in a coal seam (11), wherein the distance between every two drilling holes is 2.5-3 m;
the pulse hydraulic system is firstly connected with a dilatation drill rod (14) and a multifunctional drill bit (15) in sequence through a liquid injection pipe (9) and extends into a hydraulic drilling hole (18), and then hole sealing is carried out on a microwave drilling hole (19);
step three, a water storage tank (6) is opened to fill water into a high-pressure water pump (7), a pulse control system (1) is opened to monitor the pressure of the high-pressure water pump (7), when the water pressure reaches the water injection pressure, an electromagnetic valve (8) is opened through the pulse hydraulic power system to realize hydraulic slotting of pulse water pressure in a hydraulic drilling hole (18), the pulse control system (1) adjusts technical measures according to the pulse direction in the slotting process, when the next half period of the whole period is reached, a microwave source (2) is controlled to be opened, a waveguide (3) is regulated and controlled, radiation is carried out on a coal bed (11) through an induction probe (4), a waveguide converter (20) is rotated to enable a resonant waveguide slot antenna array (21) to be opposite to the coal walls on two sides of the drilling hole, the maximum radiation intensity generated by the slot antenna array acts on the coal bed, and the hydraulic slotting and microwave repeated action are sequentially regulated and controlled according to the pulse direction, simultaneously, connecting a microseismic instrument to monitor the crack extension direction in real time;
step four, after hydraulic cutting is finished, sealing holes of the hydraulic drill holes (18), opening the electromagnetic valve (8) through the pulse control system (1), simultaneously opening a hole path in front of the remote control multifunctional drill bit (15), performing pulse hydraulic fracturing, performing hydraulic fracturing by positive pulses, and performing microwave radiation on the coal bed (11) by negative pulses;
and fifthly, after the pulse hydraulic fracturing is completed, reversely opening the electromagnetic valve (8), draining the hydraulic drill hole, opening a water suction pump of the water storage tank (6) to pump water, regulating and controlling the pulse control system (1) to output reverse pulses to perform microwave radiation when draining water, rotating the waveguide converter (20) until the drainage is completed, enabling the maximum radiation intensity to completely act on the coal bed, after the radiation is performed for a period of time, merging the gas extraction pipes (12) in the fracturing hole and the microwave drill hole into a gas extraction network to perform gas extraction, and operating the visual monitor in the whole process to monitor and detect and record data information of gas extraction of the coal bed in real time.
2. The integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, each completed hydraulic cut is a disc-shaped slot, and the pressure of the hydraulic cut is 9-12 MPa.
3. The integrated reinforced coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the high-pressure water pressure during hydraulic fracturing is 20-30 MPa.
4. The integrated enhanced coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage of the pulse control system (1) is set to be 1000Kv, the frequency of electric pulse generation is 1/30 Hz-1/60 Hz, and one pulse is output every 30 s-60 s.
5. The method for integrally extracting gas from the enhanced coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in each step, the working frequency of the microwave is 3.5GHz, and the power is 2.5 Kw.
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| CN113847082A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 贵州大学 | Method for enhancing coal seam fracturing and extraction effects by ultrasonic field |
| CN114382443A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-22 | 西南石油大学 | Method for compositely and jointly mining deep coal bed gas and coal by utilizing multi-mode microwave radiation |
| CN114687721B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-12-20 | 中南大学 | Microwave degassing method for coal bed of high-gas mine |
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