CN1085314C - 修复管道的方法 - Google Patents

修复管道的方法 Download PDF

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CN1085314C
CN1085314C CN97192742A CN97192742A CN1085314C CN 1085314 C CN1085314 C CN 1085314C CN 97192742 A CN97192742 A CN 97192742A CN 97192742 A CN97192742 A CN 97192742A CN 1085314 C CN1085314 C CN 1085314C
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bushing pipe
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L·阿格伦
B·莫尔斯约
A·伦德
H·勒奥
A·J·迪金森
J·耶尔文凯莱
V·－P·约尔马卡
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Abstract

一种修复管道的方法，包括：将衬管引入现有的管道，所述衬管的长度与需修复的长度相适应而由处于折叠条件下的可融性多聚物构成；展开衬管以便对管道加衬。衬管的形成在于：将衬管(1、4、5、6、7、8、9)引入需加衬的管道，对衬层加压并通过使各衬层(1、4～9)在来自热源(3)的融化热作用下依次融合在一起，热源沿已形成的管衬的最内层内部移行。

Description

修复管道的方法
本发明涉及修复地下管道的方法，特别是修复下水道的方法，方法包括：在现有的管道内装入衬管，所述衬管具有与需修复长度相当的长度，由处于折叠状态下的可融性多聚物构成；使衬管展开以便对管道加衬。
折叠式管子早已被用以对管道加衬，例如在SE-911948-9中就已用过，其中，一种聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯的组合体就成为采用折叠式管子这种原理的前提。这一技术的基本原理在于将一长条预制折叠式管子的卷料不用横向焊接就连续地送进修理人孔而放在与人孔连接的现有需加衬的管道内。将处于折叠状态下的管子引进去才有可能用外径与现有管道内径相同的管子进行加衬。因此，不必额外地进行对管子的纵向固定就可充分地保持管道的功能，对所谓的供送管道的连接也就变得更加方便。但在对较大的管道(φ≥300mm)加衬时，就不可能使用这种技术，这是因为对这种尺寸的折叠式管子很难操作。这不仅需要较大的操作度，而且在大尺寸管子的弯折区内会产生裂缝。此外，在正常的环境条件下对折叠式管子的卷料如果不是不可能也很难运送，尤其是在运货车上运输这种尺寸的折叠式管子是很困难的。总的来说，这意味着在不需特殊运输方法的情况下这种卷料的直径不得超过2400mm。为展开衬管一般也必须将其预热到100～120℃。而且，在较低温度下必须加上约5巴超过大气压的内部压力，这对较大尺寸的管道来说就对加衬操作周围的安全措施提出很高的要求。
本发明提出在将连续形衬管引入管道以便对尺寸大于300mm的地下管道加衬方面存在问题的解决方法，衬管的铺置方式是：将各衬层引进需加衬的管道；对各衬层加压；通过依次使各衬层暴露在来自热源的融化热下而使它们融合在一起，热源是沿已形成的管衬最内层内表面移行的。对这样引入的各衬层也可交换地采用对热能是不透明的和透明的材料，从而在一个融合工序中有可能进行两层以上的融合。
采用上述方法就有可能对直径至少达800mm的现有管道加衬。
采用这种方法并采用壁厚较小的衬料，例如采用成卷的衬料等，就不致体积过于庞大，操作也比较容易。
也还可能制成在某种环境条件下或费用最合适的场合下适用的管壁材料，这样，可仅使外层具有结构上的抗拉性能和耐久性，使中间层仅具有抗拉性能而使内层符合于管道内所用介质的要求。一种较为恰当的例子是采用交联聚乙烯(PEX)，在将其引入管道后可在融合过程中交联起来。另一例子是对其中一层采用泡沫塑料，使其通过融化热起反应。
本发明的管衬消除了由于现有管道条件太差、地下水浸入现有管道和管衬之间的危险。在最坏的情况下这会导致管衬浮在水面上而迟早会产生磨损破裂或疲劳破裂。
现对本发明就附图所示实施例作更具体的说明如下，其中：
图1简略示出将折叠式长条形管衬通过人孔引入现有管道的原理，
图2a是处于折叠条件下的衬管的横剖面简示图，
图2b是与图2a相应的简示图，图中管衬已经展开，
图3a是管道横剖面图，示出三个展开的衬层融合在一起的情况，
图3b是与图3a相应的视图，示出三个已结合成一体的衬层与第四、五衬层融合在一起的情况。
图1总的示出使折叠式第一衬层1进入人孔2再进入需加衬的管道10的方法。通过图1可以看出，如何将衬层1整个地引入需加衬的管道10直至到达下一个相应的人孔(未示出)。但，图1并未示出，衬层如此薄(在1和5mm之间，最好约3mm)，以致不必加热就可根据现有工艺水平按要求将其放下去。材料本身就具有足够的挠性。在将最好是透明的第一衬层1放好之后，将折叠式衬层的两端封住，再在其内部加上一个高达1.5巴的过压。这样，衬层就会展开而压贴在现有管道器的内表面上。然后打开衬层一端的封口，引入最好是不透明的另一衬层4，并通过如上所述的过压使其展开。在引入第二和以后各层时可采用张紧在前一层上的栓塞(未示出)，对此栓塞也可用压力驱使其通过管道。然后用相同的方法引入另一最好是透明的衬层5，在打开至少一端的封口后(这是可能的，因为在这种情况下材料具有足够的形状稳定性)，使自动推进的放射红外线的加热装置3(图3)在管衬内来回移行，从而管内透热的最内层5通过热辐射与不透明的邻层4的融合也使最外层达到相当的温度而使衬层1和4也融合在一起。在加热期间，保持管道内的压力以便将管衬压贴在管道上而在各衬层之间形成必要的焊接或融合压力。与此同时，(加压的)空气在管内环流以便对可能的反应气体进行换气。在前三层1、4、5在需加衬的管道内布置就位并融合后，再两个两个地引入衬层6、7；8、9；…等，首先最好是不透明的层，然后最好是透明的层，然后进行所述加热，将所述引入和加热的操作重覆到衬管达到所需壁厚为止。
从图2a中可以看出，上述种类的衬管层1、4和5等在将其引入需加衬的管道时是如何折叠而处于折叠状态下的。此外，从图2b中可以看出，第一衬层如何紧贴在管道内表面上。然后，用同样的方法引入的衬层4、5紧贴在相邻的外层上，因而在加衬工序中可取得很准确的尺寸。也可采用一个以上的复合衬层，其中有些是用编织料加强的。图2b示出软管S1和S2的剖面，软管在本发明的一个实施例中是装在相关衬层内用以在内部形成过压和环流气体，如上所述。图2所示折叠的形式在一个改型的实施例中更近似于传统的消防水龙带，换言之，在一定程度上完全是扁平形的。
图3示意性地示出用于所述焊接操作的自动推进式加热装置3在一优选实施例中所具有的结构。加热装置3具有带有被动轮的底座，还具有装在底座上的一个装置，该装置在与相关的动力和传动装置F一起启动后放射出最好是在短波红外区内的热辐射。为避免红外辐射的吸收峰值，波长处于从0.7～1.5μm的范围内，最好在1.15μm的区域内，在此区域内红外辐射具有单位时间内最高的强度。各衬层的滤过波长和不同的吸收特性合起来即可防止管衬内表面的过热又可防止热能直射内层。装在底座上的装置在衬管的纵向上延伸以取得全向的效果。可将加热装置从重新加衬的管的一端驱动到另一端。但，如果加热装置能够在一具有正常周围温度的表面上滚动，这是有利的。

Claims (16)

1.一种修复管道的方法，包括：将衬管引入现有的管道，所述衬管具有对应于需修复长度的长度并由处于折叠状态下的可融性多聚物构成；展开衬管以便对管道加衬，其特征是：衬管的铺设方式是将各衬层(1、4、5、6、7、8、9)引入需加衬的管道；对所述各衬层加压并通过依次使各衬层(1、4-9)暴露在来自热源(3)的融化热中而使它们融合在一起，热源(3)沿已形成的管衬的最内层内表面移行。
2.按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是：一个或以上的衬层由在将其引入管道后交联的PEX构成。
3.按权利要求2所述的方法，其特征是：交联是在衬层融化时完成的。
4.按以上任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征是：同时和(或)先后将两个或以上的衬层引入需加衬的管道。
5.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征是：在引入第一批衬层并在对所述衬层加压之后，在通过加热装置使各衬层融合之前，使压力至少在某种程度上下降，加热装置是在衬层的其中一端引入的。
6.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征是：使不同的衬层按其径向位置的不同而具有不同的性能，从而使管衬与管道的用途相适应。
7.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征是：至少其中一个衬层是由泡沫塑料构成的，此衬层是通过融化热使其起反应的。
8.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征是：在融合操作中所用热源是红外线。
9.按权利要求8所述的方法，其特征是：采用与所用塑料的吸收峰值不相一致的红外线波长。
10.按权利要求9所述的方法，其特征是：采用波长为0.7～1.5μm的红外线。
11.按权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征是：采用复合衬层。
12.按权利要求11所述的方法，其特征是：一个或以上的所述衬层是用编织料加强的。
13.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征是：衬管至少部分地由几个自由松动的衬层构成，对所述衬层在引入后在单一工序中加热而使其融合。
14.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征是：对各衬层交替地采用不透明的和透明的衬层，至少沿每三个已引入的衬层采用热源(3)加热。
15.对现有直径至少为200mm的管道加衬的方法，采用无缝热塑性衬管，其特征是：将衬管通过人孔引入管道，所完成衬管的外径与壁厚之比小于100，最好小于51。
16.管道具有事先已装好的外管和事先安装的热塑性内管，其特征是：热塑性内管由彼此融合的至少两个衬层构成，热塑性内管与外管相接触，在外管具有局部尺寸减小的部位也与其相接触，并覆盖外管可能具有的凸缘接头或套筒接头。
CN97192742A 1996-01-11 1997-01-13 修复管道的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1085314C (zh)

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SE9600091A SE505517C2 (sv) 1996-01-11 1996-01-11 Förfarande för renovering av markförlagda ledningar där infodringsrör succesivt sammansmältes
SE96000914 1996-01-11
WOPCT/SE96/01169 1996-09-20
PCT/SE1996/001169 WO1997010936A2 (en) 1995-09-20 1996-09-20 Method for heating and/or cross-linking of polymers and apparatus therefor

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TR199801316T2 (xx) 1998-10-21
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JP2000515949A (ja) 2000-11-28
RU2177104C2 (ru) 2001-12-20
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CA2242098A1 (en) 1997-07-17

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