CN108519317B - Rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load - Google Patents
Rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load Download PDFInfo
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- CN108519317B CN108519317B CN201810374271.1A CN201810374271A CN108519317B CN 108519317 B CN108519317 B CN 108519317B CN 201810374271 A CN201810374271 A CN 201810374271A CN 108519317 B CN108519317 B CN 108519317B
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- ball head
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- seepage
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load, which comprises a rock sample, a direct tensile system, a water injection seepage system and an automatic data acquisition system, wherein the rock sample is connected with the direct tensile system; a cylindrical closed water injection cavity is formed in the rock sample; the direct stretching system comprises a sample cap, a connecting piece, a flexible tensile rope, a ball head pull rod, a sleeve and a ball; the water injection infiltration system comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a flowmeter and a water pump; the automatic data acquisition system comprises a data display and a strain gauge. The tensile test device is provided with a rock direct tensile system, combines a cylindrical rock sample with a closed inner cavity, realizes that the rock mechanical property index under the combined action of the tensile and seepage is measured under the direct tensile load by applying different water pressures in the inner cavity of the rock sample, and not only provides a rock stress-seepage coupling test device under the direct tensile load, but also is beneficial to comprehensively researching the seepage characteristic of the rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock test device, in particular to a rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load.
Background
The research of rock permeability is an important research topic in the rock mechanics at present, and has very important engineering background and significance. Under the coupling condition of the stress field and the seepage field, the change of the stress field can further deform the material cracks, and particularly the tensile stress can lead to rapid crack expansion or crack opening, so that the internal gaps of the rock are increased, the permeability of the rock is further changed, the permeability coefficient is further influenced, and the rock mechanical property index is deteriorated. Thus, the percolation field of water redistributes as the permeability coefficient of the material changes, and this stress interacts with the percolation, known as stress-percolation coupling. In recent years, a lot of heavy rock mechanical engineering is built in China, so that deformation, damage and stability of the rock under the stress-seepage coupling effect become hot problems of engineering disciplines, but the key to solving the problems is to obtain a quantitative relation between mechanical indexes and permeability coefficient variables under the coupling effect so as to reflect a stress-seepage coupling constitutive model of a stress strain and permeability coefficient evolution rule, research on a water-force damage mechanism and long-term stability of the engineering from a microscopic view, and have important practical significance for rock engineering design, construction and disaster reduction and prevention
Although the Chinese published patent document with publication number of CN105699211A, CN105486623A and the like relates to stress-seepage coupling test devices, the coupling of the test devices is carried out under the action of confining pressure or shear seepage, no research on stress-seepage coupling of rock under direct tensile load is carried out, and no stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load exists at present. Therefore, the rock permeability under direct tensile load is not known, and the application range of the rock engineering is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load, which is provided with an automatic centering type rock direct tensile system, combines a cylindrical rock sample with a closed inner cavity, realizes rock mechanical property indexes under the combined action of tensile and seepage under the direct tensile load by applying different water pressures in the inner cavity of the rock sample, and not only provides the rock stress-seepage coupling test device under the direct tensile load, but also is beneficial to comprehensively researching the seepage characteristics of the rock.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the rock stress-seepage coupling test device under the direct tensile load comprises a cylindrical rock sample, a direct tensile system, a water injection seepage system and an automatic data acquisition system; a cylindrical closed water injection cavity is formed in the rock sample; the direct tensile system comprises an upper tensile test unit and a lower tensile test unit which are symmetrically arranged, wherein the upper tensile test unit and the lower tensile test unit respectively comprise a sample sleeve cap matched with the end part of a rock sample, a connecting piece is connected to the sample sleeve caps, the end part of the connecting piece is hinged with a flexible tensile rope, the flexible tensile rope is made of carbon fiber materials, the end part of the flexible tensile rope is hinged to a ball head pull rod, the sample sleeve caps, the connecting piece, the flexible tensile rope and the ball head pull rod are coaxially arranged, the ball head pull rod comprises a hemispherical ball head rotating piece and a connecting pull rod which is arranged below the ball head rotating piece and hinged with the flexible tensile rope, the ball head rotating piece is nested in a sleeve, an embedded groove matched with the ball head rotating piece is formed in the sleeve, a plurality of balls are arranged in the embedded groove and can rotate relative to the ball head rotating piece along the circumferential surface of the ball head rotating piece, and an embedded groove cover can be detachably arranged on the sleeve; the water injection infiltration system comprises a water inlet pipe connected with the upper end of the rock sample and a water outlet pipe connected with the lower end of the rock sample, wherein the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are communicated with the closed water injection cavity, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe penetrate through the sample cap and are connected with a flowmeter and a water suction pump, the flowmeter is used for controlling the flow rate on the water pipe, and the water suction pump is used for controlling the water pressure of the closed water injection cavity; the automatic data acquisition system comprises a data display, wherein the data display is electrically connected with the flowmeter on the water outlet pipe, and the data display is also electrically connected with the strain gauge positioned on the surface of the rock sample.
As the preferable technical scheme, in order to ensure that the connection between the sample cap and the rock sample is stable, the strength of the sample cap is ensured, and the normal operation of the whole test device is ensured, a connecting groove matched with the rock sample is formed in the end part of the sample cap, and the depth of the connecting groove is 10mm.
As the preferable technical scheme, in order to be convenient for assemble the caulking groove cover on the sleeve or take the form of dismantling from the sleeve, effectively shorten the loading and unloading time of whole test device, guarantee easy and simple to handle nature, the spanner screw has been seted up on the caulking groove cover.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the tensile test device is provided with an automatic centering type rock direct tensile system, combines a cylindrical rock sample with a closed inner cavity, realizes rock mechanical property indexes under combined action of tensile and seepage under direct tensile load by applying different water pressures in the inner cavity of the rock sample, and not only provides a rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load, but also is beneficial to comprehensively researching the seepage characteristics of the rock.
2. The sample cap is provided with a 10mm connecting groove, so that the connection stability between the sample cap and a rock sample is ensured, and meanwhile, the strength of the sample cap is ensured, and the normal operation of the whole test device is ensured.
3. The wrench screw holes are formed in the caulking groove cover, so that the caulking groove cover can be conveniently assembled on the sleeve or disassembled from the sleeve, the assembling and disassembling time of the whole test device is effectively shortened, and the operation simplicity is ensured.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a direct stretching system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water injection infiltration system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rock sample;
reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a rock sample, 2, a direct stretching system, 2-1, a sample cap, 2-1, a connecting groove, 2-2, a connecting piece, 2-3, a flexible tensile rope, 2-4, a ball head pull rod, 2-4-1, a ball head rotating piece, 2-4-2, a connecting pull rod, 2-5, a sleeve, 2-5-1, an embedded groove, 2-5-2, an embedded groove cover, 2-5-3, a spanner screw hole, 2-6, a ball, 2-7, a connecting rod, 3, a water injection infiltration system, 3-1, a water inlet pipe, 3-2, a water outlet pipe, 3-3, a flowmeter, 3-4, a water pump, 4, a data automatic acquisition system, 4-1, a data display, 4-2, a strain gauge, 5 and a universal testing machine.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a concrete embodiment of a rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load, which comprises a cylindrical rock sample 1, a direct tensile system 2, a water injection infiltration system 3 and a data automatic acquisition system 4, wherein the direct tensile system is a cylindrical rock sample; a cylindrical closed water injection cavity 1-1 is arranged in the rock sample 1, in this embodiment, a cylindrical closed water injection cavity 1-1 is processed in the rock sample 1 by using a high-pressure water jet cutting technology, namely a water knife, and the diameter of the closed water injection cavity 1-1 is half of the diameter of the rock sample 1, as shown in fig. 4; the direct tensile system 2 comprises an upper tensile test unit and a lower tensile test unit which are symmetrically arranged, wherein the upper tensile test unit and the lower tensile test unit respectively comprise a sample sleeve cap 2-1 matched with the end part of a rock sample 1, the sample sleeve caps 2-1 are connected with a connecting piece 2-2, the connecting piece 2-2 and the sample sleeve caps 2-1 are arranged in a threaded connection mode, namely, the end part of the connecting piece 2-2 is provided with external threads, the sample sleeve caps 2-1 are provided with internal threads matched with the external threads, the end part of the connecting piece 2-2 is hinged with a flexible tensile rope 2-3, the end part of the connecting piece 2-2 is provided with a slotted hole, the end part of the flexible tensile rope 2-3 is connected with the slotted hole through a rotating shaft, the end part of the connecting piece 2-2 is hinged with the flexible tensile rope 2-3 through a ball head, the flexible tensile rope 2-3 is made of a carbon fiber material, the end part of the flexible tensile rope 2-3 is hinged with a ball head 2-4, the end part of the sample sleeve caps 2-1, the connecting piece 2-2, the flexible tensile rope 2-3 is provided with a ball head 2-4, the ball head 2-4 is coaxially arranged with the connecting piece 2-4, the ball 2-4 is hinged with the ball head 2-4 and the connecting piece 2-4, the end part of the flexible tensile rope 2-3 is arranged in the groove and then fixed by a connecting rod 2-7, the ball head rotating piece 2-4-1 is nested in a sleeve 2-5, an embedded groove 2-5-1 matched with the ball head rotating piece 2-4-1 is formed in the sleeve 2-5, balls 2-6 are arranged in the embedded groove 2-5-1 and are positioned on two sides of the ball head rotating piece 2-4-1, the two balls 2-6 can rotate relative to the ball head rotating piece 2-4-1, an embedded groove cover 2-5-2 is detachably arranged on the sleeve 2-5 and positioned above the embedded groove 2-5-1, and the embodiment is provided with the embedded groove cover 2-5-2 and the sleeve 2-5 to realize detachability through threaded connection, as shown in fig. 2; the water injection infiltration system 3 comprises a water inlet pipe 3-1 connected with the upper end of the rock sample 1 and a water outlet pipe 3-2 connected with the lower end of the rock sample 1, the water inlet pipe 3-1 and the water outlet pipe 3-2 are communicated with the closed water injection cavity 1-1, the water inlet pipe 3-1 and the water outlet pipe 3-2 penetrate through the sample cap 2-1 and then are connected with the flowmeter 3-3 and the water suction pump 3-4, as shown in figure 3, the closed water injection cavity 1-1 and the sample cap 2-1 form an infiltration chamber, and the two water suction pumps 3-4 are connected with the water supply system; the automatic data acquisition system 4 comprises a data display 4-1, wherein the data display 4-1 is electrically connected with a flowmeter 3-3 on a water outlet pipe 3-2, and the data display 4-1 is also electrically connected with a strain gauge 4-2 positioned on the surface of the rock sample 1.
The end of the sample cap 2-1 is provided with a connecting groove 2-1-1 matched with the rock sample 1, the depth of the connecting groove 2-1-1 is 10mm, if the depth of the connecting groove 2-1-1 is too shallow, adhesion between the rock sample 1 and the sample cap 2-1 is not facilitated, if the depth of the connecting groove 2-1-1 is too deep, strength of the sample cap is weakened, the connecting groove 2-1-1 matched with the rock sample 1 is arranged with the depth of 10mm, connection stability between the sample cap 2-1 and the rock sample 1 is guaranteed, meanwhile, strength of the sample cap 2-1 is guaranteed, and normal operation of the whole test device is guaranteed.
The wrench screw holes 2-5-3 are formed in the caulking groove cover 2-5-2, so that the caulking groove cover 2-5-2 can be conveniently assembled on the sleeve 2-5 or disassembled from the sleeve 2-5, the assembling and disassembling time of the whole test device is effectively shortened, and the operation simplicity is ensured.
The invention is used when: after the water inlet pipe 3-1 and the water outlet pipe 3-2 are connected with the upper end and the lower end of the rock sample 1, the two ends of the rock sample 1 are adhered in the connecting grooves 2-1 of the two sample caps 2 by high-strength epoxy resin, the two sample caps 2 are kept in a centered state and are placed for 24 hours, a tensile test device shown in figure 2 is assembled, the two water suction pumps 3-4 are connected with a water supply system, a power supply of the data acquisition system 4 is started, and the two sleeves 2-5 are connected with a clamping unit of the universal tester 5, so that a test can be performed. Because the flexible tensile rope made of carbon fiber has flexible adjustment capability, and the balls are in point contact with the ball head pull rod and the sleeve groove, the tensile stress of the rock sample 1 is ensured to be always along the axis after being stressed, the problem of eccentric tensile stress is avoided, and the test of the stress-seepage coupling characteristic of the rock sample 1 under the direct tensile load is realized.
Of course, the above description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided only with reference to the accompanying drawings, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to cover all equivalent modifications in terms of the principle, structure and structure of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. Rock stress-seepage flow coupling test device under direct tensile load, its characterized in that: comprises a cylindrical rock sample (1), a direct stretching system (2), a water injection infiltration system (3) and a data automatic acquisition system (4); a cylindrical closed water injection cavity (1-1) is arranged in the rock sample (1); the direct tension system (2) comprises an upper tension test unit and a lower tension test unit which are symmetrically arranged, wherein the upper tension test unit and the lower tension test unit respectively comprise a sample sleeve cap (2-1) matched with the end part of a cylindrical rock sample (1), the sample sleeve cap (2-1) is connected with a connecting piece (2-2), the connecting piece (2-2) and the sample sleeve cap (2-1) are connected by threads, the end part of the connecting piece (2-2) is hinged with a flexible tension rope (2-3), the end part of the connecting piece (2-2) is provided with a slotted hole, the end part of the flexible tension rope (2-3) is connected with the slotted hole through a rotating shaft, the end part of the flexible tension rope (2-3) is made of a carbon fiber material, the end part of the flexible tension rope (2-3) is hinged on a ball head pull rod (2-4), the sample sleeve cap (2-1), the connecting piece (2-2), the flexible tension rope (2-3) and the tension rod (2-4) are coaxially arranged, the ball head (2-4) comprises a ball head (2-4) and a semi-ball-shaped tension rope (2-4) which is hinged with the ball head (2-4), the ball head rotating piece (2-4-1) is nested in a sleeve (2-5), an embedded groove (2-5-1) matched with the ball head rotating piece (2-4-1) is formed in the sleeve (2-5), balls (2-6) are arranged in the embedded groove (2-5-1) and positioned on two sides of the ball head rotating piece (2-4-1), the two balls (2-6) can rotate relative to the ball head rotating piece (2-4-1), and an embedded groove cover (2-5-2) is detachably arranged on the sleeve (2-5) and positioned above the embedded groove (2-5-1); the water injection infiltration system (3) comprises a water inlet pipe (3-1) connected with the upper end of the rock sample (1) and a water outlet pipe (3-2) connected with the lower end of the rock sample (1), the water inlet pipe (3-1) and the water outlet pipe (3-2) are communicated with the closed water injection cavity (1-1), and the water inlet pipe (3-1) and the water outlet pipe (3-2) are connected with the flowmeter (3-3) and the water suction pump (3-4) after penetrating through the sample cap (2-1); the automatic data acquisition system (4) comprises a data display (4-1), wherein the data display (4-1) is electrically connected with a flowmeter (3-3) on a water outlet pipe (3-2), and the data display (4-1) is also electrically connected with a strain gauge (4-2) positioned on the surface of the rock sample (1).
2. The rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the sample cap (2-1) is provided with a connecting groove (2-1-1) matched with the rock sample (1), and the depth of the connecting groove (2-1-1) is 10mm.
3. The rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the caulking groove cover (2-5-2) is provided with a spanner screw hole (2-5-3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810374271.1A CN108519317B (en) | 2018-04-24 | 2018-04-24 | Rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810374271.1A CN108519317B (en) | 2018-04-24 | 2018-04-24 | Rock stress-seepage coupling test device under direct tensile load |
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| CN108519317A CN108519317A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
| CN108519317B true CN108519317B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| CN109163965B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-12-15 | 江苏丰源船舶工程有限公司 | Chain strength detection device of chain bucket type sand dredger |
| CN113504119A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-15 | 大连海事大学 | Rock seepage device under stretching action and test method |
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| CN108519317A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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