Inverted cone initiatively pinching machinery directly pulls out head
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to directly pull out detects the concrete strength technical field, and the metal that particularly a kind of drawing concrete that is connected on the drawing appearance (also cry and directly pull out appearance) is used directly pulls out head.
Background technology
The method of directly pulling out detect the concrete strength technology be by China construction quality testing staff on the basis of the experience of the Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of having summed up decades; Joint research, a kind of novel concrete Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of innovating, developing, have little to structural failure, precision is high, the characteristics of trial stretch wide (be fit to concrete crushing strength 10MPa-100 MPa concrete strength detect).The principle that the method for directly pulling out detects the concrete strength technology is through cementing agent (being generally epoxy resin) metal on the drawing appearance directly to be pulled out head and the tested member bonding of concrete; When the intensity of treating cementing agent arrives to a certain degree; Directly pull out head with metal the concrete core sample in the tested member of concrete is extracted, infer the concrete crushing strength of the tested member of concrete then according to the pull strength that records.
Though said method has many advantages; But the shortcoming below also existing: 1, complex operation step; Adopt cementing agent that metal is directly pulled out head and the tested member of concrete bonds such as needs; Also need the tested member of concrete be bored seam flushing, air-dry, treat the cementing agent sclerosis after, just can directly pull out test.2, the running time long, this is because could be bonding after will drying tested member, will wait until also after the bonding that epoxy resin arrives after certain intensity could drawing (the viscose glue sclerosis is also influenced by ambient temperature), so required time of whole process is long.3, there is environmental pollution in viscose glue, especially the metal of extracting is directly pulled out head and heats scarfing cinder, and the pollution that this process produces is even more serious.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of inverted cone active pinching machinery and directly pull out head, solve traditional method of directly pulling out and detect concrete strength technical operation complex steps, long technical matters of running time; And solve the traditional method of directly pulling out and detect the with serious pollution problem of concrete strength technological accumulation and inheritance.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of inverted cone initiatively pinching machinery directly pulls out head; Comprise and it is characterized in that afterburning pull bar that is connected with the drawing appearance and the drawing head that is connected with afterburning pull bar: said afterburning pull bar is made up of barb cylinder lever connecting rod and location taper pin.
Said barb cylinder lever connecting rod comprises that the upper end is provided with the barb pull rod shaft and the barb that is connected barb pull rod shaft lower end of screw thread; The inside upper surface of barb has the location taper pin and shelves hole, and the location taper pin is shelved the translot that has vertical slot and communicate with vertical slot on the sidewall of hole.
Said location taper pin is arranged in the location taper pin and shelves hole, and the top of location taper pin is provided with solid and a strand conversion pin, and the bottom of location taper pin is a cone.
Said drawing head includes that spheroid pull bar, Outer Taper connect watt, adjustable balance cone and Outer Taper, three lobe inner cones.
Said spheroid pull bar comprises that top is provided with the spheroid pull rod shaft and the spheroid that is connected spheroid pull rod shaft upper end of screw thread; Said spheroid hangs on the barb; The middle part of spheroid has a horizontal driving hole, has one and the corresponding location of cone taper hole on the upper surface of spheroid.
The center that said Outer Taper connects watt is provided with vertical center bolt hole and Outer Taper and connects watt the top that is threaded in the spheroid pull rod shaft through vertical center bolt hole, and the lower end that Outer Taper connects watt is provided with annular connecting plate.
Said adjustable balance cone is connected the bottom of spheroid pull rod shaft.
Said Outer Taper is threaded on the madial wall of annular connecting plate, and the center of Outer Taper has up big and down small vertical bellmouth.
The tapering of the upper outside wall of said three lobe inner cones is corresponding with the tapering of vertical bellmouth; And the top of three lobe inner cones is taken and is placed in the vertical bellmouth; The upper end of three lobe inner cones contacts with said adjustable balance cone, and the lower end of three lobe inner cones is provided with chuck.
The bottom of said spheroid pull bar is with annular cushion block; The lower end of spheroid pull bar is provided with double-screw bolt; The stable equilibrium cone nut has been threaded on the double-screw bolt; Said adjustable balance cone is enclosed within on the spheroid pull bar between annular cushion block and the stable equilibrium cone nut, and is provided with thrust bearing between adjustable balance cone and the annular cushion block.
The upper surface of said adjustable balance cone can be provided with bearing groove, and said thrust bearing is arranged in the bearing groove.
Said adjustable balance cone can comprise up big and down small frustum and the pressing plate that is located on the lateral wall of frustum, and the upper surface of said three lobe inner cones is provided with and the corresponding awl groove of frustum.
Can have the spring piston ring groove on the madial wall of said three lobe inner cones, be provided with spring piston ring in the spring piston ring groove.
Can have kerve on the lower surface of said three lobe inner cones, said spring piston ring groove can be opened on the madial wall of kerve.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect: the present invention is that a kind of mechanical self-latching type directly pulls out head; Its fitting operation is simple and convenient; Be that the method for directly pulling out detects the critical component on the drawing appearance used in the concrete strength method, have characteristics durable in use, reusable.
Need not cementing agent when the present invention uses, so human and environment is not polluted; Simultaneously, owing to no longer need cementing agent, also just no longer need bonding and the step of waiting for the cementing agent sclerosis so the method for directly pulling out detects the concrete strength method, so operation steps significantly reduces, the running time has also obtained shortening; In addition; Owing to no longer need cementing agent,, do not receive concrete core sample to do wet influence so concrete strength detects the influence that can not receive natural temperature; Performance, measuring accuracy also do not receive bit wear and make the influence of concrete core sample diameter variation, so can significantly improve.
Appearance of the present invention; Applying of " method of directly pulling out detecting the concrete strength technology " played a role in promoting; This is to become very reliable, economical and efficient because the present invention makes the method for directly pulling out detect the concrete strength technology, during use, only need treat the moulding of detected concrete core after; Can carry out drawing after directly being installed to the present invention on the drawing appearance, the installation of each concrete core sample, drawing time only are about 1 ~ 2 minute.
Outer Taper of the present invention and three lobe inner cones are reverse cone; Directly apply radial force by Outer Taper, its clear principle, simple in structure does not have the consumable accessory spring assembly; So reliability and permanance strengthen greatly; Processing cost diminishes, and especially can change longitudinal axis power and clamping force radially automatically according to different strength grade of concrete, and need directly not pull out equipment transformation to supporting.And; Because the mode that adopts barb cylinder lever connecting rod, location taper pin and spheroid pull bar to cooperate, thus not only can effectively reduce of the influence of external moment of flexure to concrete core sample, and also simple to operate; Do not need operating experience, do not have the requirement of initial pre-fastening moment yet.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Structural representation when Fig. 1 is a drawing concrete core sample of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that barb cylinder lever connecting rod and spheroid pull bar are connected.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that Outer Taper connects watt.
Fig. 4 is that synoptic diagram is looked on the left side of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of spheroid pull bar.
Fig. 7 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is that the master of barb cylinder lever connecting rod looks synoptic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of A-A section among Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the synoptic diagram of B-B section among Fig. 8.。
Figure 11 is that the master of location taper pin looks synoptic diagram.
Figure 12 is the schematic top plan view of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of Outer Taper.
Figure 14 is the schematic top plan view of Figure 13.
Figure 15 is the structural representation of three lobe inner cones.
Figure 16 is the schematic top plan view of Figure 15.
Figure 17 is the structural representation of adjustable balance cone.
Figure 18 is the schematic top plan view of Figure 17.
Figure 19 is the structural representation of stable equilibrium cone nut.
Figure 20 is the schematic top plan view of Figure 19.
Reference numeral: 1-barb cylinder lever connecting rod; 1.1-barb pull rod shaft; 1.2-barb; 1.3-the location taper pin is shelved hole; 1.4-vertical slot; 1.5-translot; 2-spheroid pull bar; 2.1-spheroid; 2.2-driving hole; 2.3-location taper hole; 2.4-double-screw bolt; 2.5-spheroid pull rod shaft; The 3-Outer Taper connects watt; 3.1-vertical center bolt hole; 3.2-annular connecting plate; Balance cone that 4-is adjustable; 4.1-frustum; 4.2-pressing plate; 4.3-bearing groove; The 5-Outer Taper; 5.1-vertical bellmouth; 6-three lobe inner cones; 6.1-chuck; 6.2-spring piston ring groove; 6.3-awl groove; 6.4-kerve; The 7-thrust bearing; 8-stable equilibrium cone nut; The 9-spring piston ring; The 10-concrete core sample; 11-locatees taper pin; Gu 11.1-prop up and a strand conversion pin; 11.2-cone; 12-annular cushion block.
Embodiment
Embodiment is referring to shown in Figure 1, and this inverted cone initiatively pinching machinery directly pulls out head, comprises afterburning pull bar that is connected with the drawing appearance and the drawing head that is connected with afterburning pull bar.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 8-12, said afterburning pull bar is made up of barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 and location taper pin 11; Said barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 comprises that the upper end is provided with the barb pull rod shaft 1.1 and the barb 1.2 that is connected barb pull rod shaft lower end of screw thread; The inside upper surface of barb 1.2 has the location taper pin and shelves hole 1.3, and the location taper pin is shelved the translot 1.5 that has vertical slot 1.4 and communicate with vertical slot on the sidewall of hole 1.3; Said location taper pin 11 is arranged in the location taper pin and shelves hole 1.3, and the top of location taper pin 11 is provided with solid and a strand conversion pin 11.1, and the bottom of location taper pin 11 is a cone 11.2.
Referring to Fig. 1, said drawing head includes that spheroid pull bar 2, Outer Taper connect watts 3, adjustable balance cone 4 and Outer Taper 5, three lobe inner cones 6.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2; Fig. 6, Fig. 7; Said spheroid pull bar 2 comprises that top is provided with the spheroid pull rod shaft 2.5 and the spheroid 2.1 that is connected spheroid pull rod shaft upper end of screw thread; Said spheroid 2.1 hangs on the barb 1.2, and the middle part of spheroid 2.1 has a horizontal driving hole 2.2, has one and cone 11.2 corresponding location taper holes 2.3 on the upper surface of spheroid 2.1.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3-5; Said Outer Taper connects watts 3 center and is provided with vertical center bolt hole 3.1 and Outer Taper and connects watts 2 and be threaded in the top of spheroid pull rod shaft 2.5 through vertical center bolt hole 3.1, and Outer Taper connects watts 2 lower end and is provided with annular connecting plate 3.2.
Referring to Fig. 1, Figure 17-20, said adjustable balance cone 4 is connected the bottom of spheroid pull rod shaft 2.5; Said adjustable balance cone 4 comprises the pressing plate 4.2 on up big and down small frustum 4.1 and the lateral wall that is located at frustum 4.1, and the upper surface of said three lobe inner cones 6 is provided with and frustum 4.1 corresponding awl grooves 6.3.In the present embodiment; The bottom of said spheroid pull bar 2 is with annular cushion block 12; The lower end of spheroid pull bar 2 is provided with double-screw bolt 2.4, the stable equilibrium cone nut 8 that has been threaded on the double-screw bolt 2.4, and said adjustable balance cone 4 is enclosed within on the spheroid pull bar 3 between annular cushion block 12 and the stable equilibrium cone nut 8; And be provided with thrust bearing 7 (upper surface of adjustable balance cone 4 is provided with bearing groove 4.3, and thrust bearing 7 is arranged in the bearing groove 4.3) between adjustable balance cone 4 and the annular cushion block 12.
Referring to Fig. 1, Figure 13, Figure 14, said Outer Taper 5 is threaded on the madial wall of annular connecting plate 3.2, and the center of Outer Taper 5 has up big and down small vertical bellmouth 5.1.
Referring to Fig. 1, Figure 15, Figure 16; The tapering of the upper outside wall of said three lobe inner cones 6 is corresponding with the tapering of vertical bellmouth 5.1; And the top of three lobe inner cones 6 is taken and is placed in the vertical bellmouth 5.1; The upper end of three lobe inner cones 6 contacts with said adjustable balance cone 4, and the lower end of three lobe inner cones 6 is provided with chuck 6.1.Have spring piston ring groove 6.2 on the madial wall of three lobe inner cones 6, be provided with spring piston ring 9 in the spring piston ring groove 6.2.In the present embodiment, have kerve 6.4 on the lower surface of three lobe inner cones 6, said spring piston ring groove 6.2 is opened on the madial wall of kerve 6.4.
Said three lobe inner cones 6 are divided into three and break off with the fingers and thumb, and its top is cone, and its underpart is broken the common chuck 6.1 of forming off with the fingers and thumb by three, clamps in type concrete core sample 10.The pressing plate 4.2 that is used for applying downward thrust that is provided with on the said adjustable balance cone 4 to three lobe inner cones 6; Can guarantee that adjustable balance cone 4 imposes on three lobe inner cones, 6 axle pressures; Simultaneously, adjustable balance cone 4 can keep the clamping force uniform balance of the chuck 6.1 of three lobe inner cones 6.
Method of application of the present invention is following: at first, after being drilled to concrete core sample 10 on the tested member, earlier the preliminary pretension of the present invention is installed on the concrete core sample 10; It is the first uneasiness cylinder lever connecting rod 1 that barbs; But be through in the driving hole 2.2 with bearing pin, bearing pin turns spheroid pull bar 2 as spanner, this moment adjustable balance cone 4 pressing plate 4.2 will to promote three lobe inner cones 6 downward; Spheroid pull bar 2 will make Outer Taper 5 upwards simultaneously; Three lobe inner cones 6 will produce axial relative motion with Outer Taper 5, and three lobe inner cones 6 will produce preliminary pretightning force, owing on adjustable balance cone 4, be provided with thrust bearing 7; So reduced friction force, the moment of torsion of the rotation of spheroid pull bar 2 can not make adjustable balance cone 4 occur rotating.That is to say,, can adjust the distance between three lobe inner cones 6 and the Outer Taper 5 through regulating spheroid pull bar 2; Make the chuck 6.1 of three lobe inner cones 6 produce radially clamping force; Referring to Fig. 1, chuck 6.1 has tentatively been clamped concrete core sample 10, has accomplished the process that applies of preliminary pretightning force this moment.
Then, lay down bearing pin, with barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 and spheroid pull bar 2 be articulated and connected (spheroid 2.1 on the spheroid pull bar 2 is as hinged support); The upper end of barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 is connected with the drawing appearance through screw thread; Drawing appearance and pressure transducer are sealed in barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1, and will locate taper pin 3 and reset, the cone that is about to locate taper pin 3 bottoms is inserted in the location taper hole on the spheroid pull bar 2 and (is pulled solid and a strand conversion pin 11.1; Solid and a strand conversion pin 11.1 are moved in the vertical slot 1.4) from translot 1.5; Barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 is connected with spheroid pull bar 2 centerings, is the state that props up admittedly, be convenient to the perpendicular positioning and the adjustment of drawing appearance like this.After adjusting the verticality of drawing appearance; Tighten the gland nut that directly pulls out on the appearance; (promptly pull solid and a strand conversion pin 11.1 with taking out the location taper hole of cone from spheroid pull bar 2 of taper pin 3 bottoms, location; Solid and a strand conversion pin 11.1 are moved in the translot 1.5 from vertical slot 1.4), make original solid Zhi Biancheng hinged, become the hinged effective computed altitude of directly pulling out head that makes and diminish; Produce additional bending moment by afterburning pull bar out of plumb and diminish, make the critical force of concrete core sample 10 become more near actual value.
At last, shake lifting jack, produce axle power when barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 drives Outer Taper 5; Three lobe inner cones 6 because original add radially clamping force and motionless (embrace concrete core sample 10, concrete core sample has elastoplasticity) in advance, and three lobe inner cones 6 produce relative motions with Outer Taper 5; This process is that axial force need convert radial force earlier into, connects Outer Taper 5, Outer Taper connection watt 3 move axially along with barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1 drives, and increases axial forces for three lobe inner cones 6 through the inner conical surface of Outer Taper 5; Adjustable this moment balance cone 4, spheroid pull bar 2 are connected with Outer Taper watts 3 in the same way, same moved further, can guarantee the parallel contraction in three lobe inner cones, 6 two ends like this, and be even to the clamping force of concrete core sample 10; And along with the difference of detected concrete strength grade; It is also different that it directly pulls out stress, and intensity is high more, and directly to pull out stress big more, and axial tension is when increasing; 6.1 pairs of concrete constraining forces of chuck are also big more, belong to dynamic change fully.Continue to increase the axle power to barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1, then the radial force of three lobe inner cones 6 also increases, and breaks until seized concrete core sample 10.
After concrete core sample 10 breaks off, unclamp the gland nut that directly pulls out on the appearance, pull down barb cylinder lever connecting rod 1; Turn spheroid pull bar 2 with bearing pin through driving hole 2.2; Move adjustable balance cone 4 upwards, three lobe inner cones 6 are unclamped, the concrete core sample 10 that then is drawn out comes off.