CN108513845B - Vibrating soil and stone separation covering device - Google Patents

Vibrating soil and stone separation covering device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108513845B
CN108513845B CN201810234614.4A CN201810234614A CN108513845B CN 108513845 B CN108513845 B CN 108513845B CN 201810234614 A CN201810234614 A CN 201810234614A CN 108513845 B CN108513845 B CN 108513845B
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
vibrating
lifting
shaft
chain
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201810234614.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108513845A (en
Inventor
戴飞
赵武云
张仕林
史瑞杰
张锋伟
魏万成
高爱民
张雪坤
李妙祺
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Gansu Agricultural University
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Gansu Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201810234614.4A priority Critical patent/CN108513845B/en
Publication of CN108513845A publication Critical patent/CN108513845A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0293Anchoring means for ground coverings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibrating soil-rock separation covering device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The vibrating soil-rock separating and covering device comprises a soil lifting shovel, wherein a vibrating device is obliquely installed on the upper portion of the soil lifting shovel, an elevating device is obliquely installed below the vibrating device and comprises an elevating chain shaft and an elevating chain, and one side of the elevating chain shaft is linked with a power output shaft of a tractor. The soil slipping device is matched with the soil slipping device at the upper end of the lifting device, the soil crushing device is arranged below the soil slipping device, the soil slipping device is linked with an output shaft of the tractor, and the soil slipping device is linked with the vibrating device and the soil crushing device respectively. The invention can effectively separate soil and stones, and can also crush the soil blocks with larger volume, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the stones and the large soil blocks block the soil sliding opening and are attached to the scraper of the lifting chain to cause overlarge load of the frame, and ensuring the smooth operation and the working efficiency of film paving and soil covering.

Description

Vibrating soil and stone separation covering device
Technical Field
The invention relates to an earthing device, in particular to a vibrating soil and stone separation covering device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
The ridge culture film covering planting technology has the functions of rain collection, soil moisture preservation, temperature increase and yield increase, and is widely popularized and applied in dry farming agricultural areas. At present, all domestic ridging, film covering and soil covering machines can complete soil covering operation on mulching films, and the principle of the ridging, film covering and soil covering machine is that a soil lifting shovel lifts soil and stones, the soil and stones are conveyed to a conical auger through a lifting chain, and finally the soil and the stones are conveyed to ridge furrows and the ridge surface where the mulching films are spliced respectively through conveying of the conical auger. However, the machine cannot separate sand and stones, but covers soil and stones on the furrows and the ridge surfaces in a mixed manner, the mixed coverage of the soil and stones not only increases the load of the lifting chain and the rack, but also blocks the soil sliding opening possibly to cause uneven covering and missed covering of soil, the stones are conveyed to the furrows, the germination and emergence of crop seeds under the mulching film are seriously influenced, and the stones can rub on the surface of the mulching film along with wind to cause the consequences of damage of the mulching film and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prior machine tool can not separate sand and stones during soil covering, and provides a vibrating soil and stone separating and covering device which adopts a vibrating screening method to completely separate soil and stones and can complete soil covering operation, thereby avoiding the influence of stones on the machine tool operation and the crop growth and ensuring the requirement of the crop growth and development.
The technical scheme is as follows for solving the technical problem of the invention:
the utility model provides a vibrating soil and stone separation covering device, includes a pair of shovel, the upper portion slope installation vibrating device of shovel, vibrating device's below installation slope installation elevating gear, elevating gear includes lift chain axle and lift chain, lift chain axle one side links with tractor power output shaft mutually, elevating gear's upper end and swift current native device adaptation, swift current native device transversely sets up the upper end at two elevating gear, swift current native device below installation hack device, swift current native device links with tractor output shaft, swift current native device links with vibrating device and hack device respectively.
And side plates are arranged on two sides of the vibrating device, and the soil lifting shovel is positioned at the lower end of each side plate.
The rear end of the soil lifting shovel is provided with a screen, the rear end of the screen is matched with the vibrating device, and the screen is located above the lifting device.
The vibrating device comprises a vibrating screen plate, the vibrating screen plate is obliquely arranged between left and right side plates, a stone leaking groove is arranged at the lower end of the vibrating screen plate and is located at the rear of a screen, one end of the stone leaking groove extends out of the side plates, a cam shaft is arranged below the vibrating screen plate and is linked with a soil sliding device, a cam shaft is arranged on the cam shaft, the cam is matched with the lower portion of the vibrating screen plate, a spring is arranged between the upper portion of the vibrating screen plate and the side plates, and the vibrating screen plate is located above the lifting device.
The soil sliding device comprises a conical auger, one side of the conical auger is linked with an output shaft of the tractor, the conical auger is installed in a conical auger shell, a soil sliding opening is formed in the conical auger shell, a soil separating plate is installed below the soil sliding opening, and a soil crushing device is installed below the soil separating plate.
The device comprises a lifting device and a vibrating screen plate, wherein the lifting device comprises a lifting chain, bionic scrapers are arranged on the surface of the lifting chain at intervals, the lifting chain is located below the screen and the vibrating screen plate, and the upper end of the lifting chain is matched with the soil sliding device.
The soil breaking device comprises a soil breaking shaft, a driven sprocket II is installed on one side of the soil breaking shaft and is linked with the soil sliding device, and a plurality of bionic soil breakers are sleeved on the soil breaking shaft.
The bionic soil breaker comprises a circular shell, the circular shell is sleeved on a soil breaking shaft, a plurality of soil throwing plates are perpendicularly arranged on the outer circumference of the circular shell, and the end parts of the soil throwing plates are provided with bionic soil breaking knives.
The surface of the bionic scraper is provided with irregular grooves, the bionic scraper is connected and installed on the surface of the lifting chain through rivets, and the number of the bionic scraper is 10.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages: the sand and the stones are separated by adopting the characteristic of vibrating screening, so that the stones and the big soil blocks are prevented from blocking the soil sliding port, the load of the machine during working is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. The scraper designed by the bionic method can effectively prevent soil from adhering to the scraper, so that the lifting chain can convey sandy soil more smoothly. The soil crusher arranged between the soil separating plates is designed by a bionic method, so that the soil crushing quality and efficiency are improved. After the invention is adopted, soil and stones can be effectively separated, and soil blocks with larger volume can be crushed, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the stones and large soil blocks block the soil sliding opening and are attached to the lifting chain scraper to cause overlarge load of the frame, leading sandy soil to smoothly fall on the furrow and the mulching film joint on the ridge surface, and ensuring the smooth operation and the working efficiency of film laying and soil covering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric illustration of a vibratory earth and rock separation coverer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the vibrating soil and rock separation coverer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vibrating type earth-rock separation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conical auger according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bionic soil breaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a biomimetic blade of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a rock chute of the present invention.
The soil-lifting device comprises a soil-lifting shovel 1, a screen 2, a vibrating sieve plate 3, a spring 4, a spring seat 4-1, a side plate 5, a conical auger shell 6, an elevating chain shaft I, a conical auger 8, a driving chain wheel I, a driven chain wheel II, a lifting chain 12, a rock chute 13, an elevating chain shaft II, a driven chain wheel I, a chain II, a soil-crushing shaft 17, a bionic soil crusher 18-1, a bionic soil-crushing knife 18-2, a soil-throwing plate 18-3, a soil-sliding port 19, a chain II 20, a cam shaft 21, a cam 21-1, a soil-separating plate 22, a chain III 23 and a bionic scraper 24.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A vibrating type soil and stone separating and covering device comprises a soil lifting shovel 1, a screen 2 is welded at the rear end of the soil lifting shovel 1, the rear end of the screen 2 is matched with a vibrating device, and the screen 2 is located above an elevating device. The upper part of the screen 2 is provided with a vibration device in an inclined way, an elevating device is arranged below the vibration device in an inclined way, the elevating device comprises an elevating chain shaft I7, an elevating chain shaft II14 and an elevating chain 12, and the elevating chain 12 is sleeved between the elevating chain shaft I7 and the elevating chain shaft II 14. The lifting chain shaft I7 is transversely installed above the lifting devices on the two sides, the lifting chain shaft II14 is transversely installed below the screen 2, the soil sliding device at the upper end of the lifting device is matched with the soil breaking device, the soil breaking device is installed below the soil sliding device, the soil sliding device is linked with the output shaft of the tractor, and the soil sliding device is linked with the vibrating device and the soil breaking device respectively. The both sides of vibrating device are equipped with curb plate 5, play soil spade 1 fixed mounting and just are located the lower extreme of curb plate 5 between the curb plate 5 about, 1 plays soil spade 1 rear end and is equipped with screen cloth 2. The rear end of the screen 2 is adapted to the vibrating device, and the screen 2 is located above the elevator. The vibrating device comprises a vibrating screen plate 3, the vibrating screen plate 3 is obliquely arranged between a left side plate and a right side plate 5, a stone leaking groove 13 is arranged at the lower end of the vibrating screen plate 3, the stone leaking groove 13 is fixedly embedded on the side plates 5, the stone leaking groove 13 is positioned behind the screen 2, the notch of the stone leaking groove 13 is just opposite to the lower end of the vibrating screen plate 3, and one end of the stone leaking groove 13 extends out of one side of the side plates 5. A camshaft 21 is arranged at the rear lower part of the vibrating screen plate 3, driven sprockets I15 are arranged at two ends of the camshaft 21, and a driven sprocket I15 and a driving sprocket I9 are linked through a chain I16. The cam shaft 21 is provided with a cam 21-1, and the cam 21-1 is in tangential fit with the lower part of the vibrating screen plate 3. And a spring 4 is arranged between the upper part of the vibrating screen plate 3 and the side plate 5, and the spring 4 is sequentially arranged on the screen surface of the vibrating screen plate 3. The vibrating screen deck 3 is located above the elevator. The soil sliding device comprises a conical auger 8, driving chain wheels I9 are installed at two ends of the conical auger 8, and an output shaft of the tractor is connected with the conical auger 8 through a chain. The tapered auger 8 is arranged between the side plates 5 and coated in the auger shell 6, the tapered auger shell 6 is provided with a soil sliding port 19, a soil separating plate 22 is arranged below the soil sliding port 19, and a soil crushing device is arranged below the soil separating plate 22. The lifting device comprises a lifting chain 12, bionic scrapers 24 are arranged on the surface of the lifting chain 12 at intervals, irregular grooves are formed in the surfaces of the bionic scrapers 24, the bionic scrapers are connected and installed on the surface of the lifting chain 12 through rivets, and the number of the bionic scrapers is 10. The lifting chain 12 is positioned below the screen 2 and the vibrating screen plate 3, and the upper end of the lifting chain 12 is matched with the soil sliding device. The soil crushing device comprises a soil crushing shaft 17, driven chain wheels II10 are mounted at two ends of the soil crushing shaft 17, the driven chain wheels II10 are linked with the soil sliding device, and a plurality of bionic soil crushers 18 are sleeved on the soil crushing shaft 17. The bionic soil breaker 18 comprises a round shell 18-3, the round shell 18-3 is sleeved on a soil breaking shaft 17, a plurality of soil throwing plates 18-2 are vertically arranged on the outer circumference of the round shell 18-3, a bionic soil breaking knife 18-1 is arranged at the end part of each soil throwing plate 18-2, and the bionic soil breaking knife 18-1 is designed according to the shape of the front paws of the mole cricket. One side of the soil crushing shaft 17 is provided with a driven chain wheel II10, and the driven chain wheel II10 and the driving chain wheel I9 are linked through a chain II 20.
The driven chain wheel I15 and the driven chain wheel II10 are sequentially arranged at two ends of the cam shaft 21 and the soil crushing shaft 17 and are respectively connected with the driving chain wheel I9 through chains, wherein the transmission ratio between the driving chain wheel I9 and the driven chain wheel I15 is 1/2.
The cam shafts 21 at the lower part of the vibrating screen plate 3 are connected through chains, and the transmission ratio between the two cam shafts is 1.
The joint of the vibrating screen plate 3 and the side plate is provided with a spring 4, two ends of the spring 4 are provided with spring seats 4-1, and the spring seats 4-1 are welded on the spring seat support on the side plate 5 and the vibrating screen plate 3.
The bionic scraper 24 mounted on the lifting chain 12 is provided with irregular grooves at the outlet thereof, which are designed with reference to the abdominal pattern of the dung beetle.
When the vibrating soil-stone separating and covering device works, the vibrating soil-stone separating and covering device is pulled by the power of a tractor to move forwards and outputs power through the output shaft of the tractor, the power is transmitted to the conical auger 8 through the gear box to drive the conical auger 8 to rotate, and meanwhile, the cam shaft 21 is driven to rotate through the driving chain wheel I9 and the driven chain wheel I15. The cam 21-1 is driven by the cam shaft 21 to rotate, and simultaneously, the vibrating screen plate 3 arranged above the lifting chain 12 vibrates up and down along with the rotation of the cam 21-1. Soil and stone are shoveled by the soil shoveling 1, and move backwards to the screen 2 by the tangential force generated by the walking of the machine tool, one part of sandy soil is leaked from the screen holes on the screen 2, and the other part of sandy soil is discharged into the notch of the stone leaking groove 13 right opposite to the lower end of the vibrating screen plate 3, falls and is installed on the bionic scraper blade 24 on the lifting chain 12, and the bionic scraper blade 24 provided with the bionic groove can reduce the adhesive force of the soil on the scraper blade. Along with the soil and stones continue to move backwards to the vibrating screen plate 3, the soil and stones are further screened by the vibration effect generated by the rotation of the cam shaft 21, fine sand and soil also fall into the bionic scraper 24 on the lifting chain 12 through the fine holes on the screen surface of the vibrating screen plate 3, and the stones and the soil blocks with larger diameters slide down to the rock chute 13 at the lower end of the side plate 5 for output due to gravity factors. The sandy soil screened by the screen 2 and the vibrating screen plate 3 is conveyed to the tapered screw conveyer 8 by the bionic scraper 24 along with the movement of the lifting chain 12, the tapered screw conveyer 8 outputs the sandy soil from the soil sliding opening 19 to the soil separating plates 22 through rotation, the bionic soil crusher 18 arranged between the soil separating plates 22 is connected with the driving chain wheel I8 through the driven chain wheels II10 arranged at the two ends of the bionic soil crusher 18 to rotate, the sandy soil is crushed and thrown by utilizing the bionic soil crushing knife 18-2 and the soil throwing plate 18-1 on the bionic soil crusher 18, and finally the sandy soil falls to the ridge ditch and the mulching film joint on the ridge surface along the soil separating plates 22 to complete soil covering operation.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a vibrating soil and stone separation covering device, includes a pair of break-up shovel which characterized in that: the upper portion of the soil lifting shovel (1) is obliquely installed with the vibrating device, two sides of the vibrating device are provided with side plates (5), the soil lifting shovel (1) is located at the lower end of each side plate (5), the vibrating device comprises a vibrating screen plate (3), the vibrating screen plate (3) is obliquely installed between the left side plate and the right side plate (5), a stone leakage groove (13) is installed at the lower end of the vibrating screen plate (3), one end of the stone leakage groove (13) extends out of each side plate (5), a cam shaft (21) is installed at the rear lower portion of the vibrating screen plate (3), the cam shaft (21) is linked with a soil sliding device, a cam (21-1) is installed on the cam shaft (21), the cam (21-1) is matched with the lower portion of the vibrating screen plate (3), a spring (4) is installed between the upper portion of the vibrating screen plate (3) and the side plates (5), and an obliquely installed lifting device is, the vibrating screen plate (3) is located above the lifting device, the lifting device comprises a lifting chain shaft I (7), a lifting chain shaft II (14) and a lifting chain (12), the lifting chain (12) is sleeved between the lifting chain shaft I (7) and the lifting chain shaft II (14), one side of the lifting chain shaft (7) is linked with a power output shaft of a tractor, the upper end of the lifting device is matched with the soil sliding devices, the soil sliding devices are transversely arranged at the upper ends of the two lifting devices, soil crushing devices are installed below the soil sliding devices, the soil sliding devices are linked with the output shaft of the tractor, and the soil sliding devices are linked with the vibrating device and the soil crushing devices respectively.
2. A vibrating soil and rock separating coverer according to claim 1, wherein: the rear end of the soil lifting shovel (1) is provided with a screen (2), the rear end of the screen (2) is matched with the vibrating device, the stone leaking groove (13) is located at the rear of the screen (2), and the screen (2) is located above the lifting device.
3. A vibrating soil and rock separating coverer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the soil slipping device comprises a conical auger (8), one side of the conical auger (8) is linked with an output shaft of a tractor, the conical auger (8) is installed in a conical auger shell (6), a soil slipping port (19) is formed in the conical auger shell (6), a soil separating plate (22) is installed below the soil slipping port (19), and a soil crushing device is installed below the soil separating plate (22).
4. A vibrating soil and rock separating coverer according to claim 3, wherein: the device comprises an elevating chain (12), bionic scrapers (24) are arranged on the surface of the elevating chain (12) at intervals in the transverse direction, the elevating chain (12) is located below a screen (2) and a vibrating screen plate (3), and the upper end of the elevating chain (10) is matched with a soil sliding device.
5. A vibrating soil and rock separating coverer according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the soil breaking device comprises a soil breaking shaft (17), a driven sprocket II (11) is installed on one side of the soil breaking shaft (17), the driven sprocket II (11) is linked with the soil sliding device, and a plurality of bionic soil breakers (18) are sleeved on the soil breaking shaft (17).
6. A vibrating soil and rock separating coverer according to claim 5, wherein: the bionic soil crusher (18) comprises a circular shell (18-3), the circular shell (18-3) is sleeved on a soil crushing shaft (17), a plurality of soil throwing plates (18-2) are vertically arranged on the outer circumference of the circular shell (18-3), and the end parts of the soil throwing plates (18-2) are provided with bionic soil crushing knives (18-1).
7. A vibrating soil and rock separating coverer according to claim 4, wherein: the bionic scraper (24) is provided with irregular grooves on the surface, and is connected and installed on the surface of the lifting chain (12) through rivets, and the number of the bionic scraper is 10.
CN201810234614.4A 2018-03-21 2018-03-21 Vibrating soil and stone separation covering device Expired - Fee Related CN108513845B (en)

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CN108513845B true CN108513845B (en) 2020-08-07

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109168351A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-01-11 庆阳布谷鸟机械制造有限公司 rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ridging laminating machine
CN110608972A (en) * 2019-10-21 2019-12-24 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 Direct type soil moisture content check out test set
KR102195618B1 (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-12-30 그린앤드씨드 주식회사 Apparatus for installing the biodegrading­mulching film with soil unblocking fuction
CN114557221A (en) * 2022-01-06 2022-05-31 石河子大学 Chain slat type membrane earthing device
CN115136832B (en) * 2022-09-06 2022-11-22 甘肃农业大学 Dual laminating equipment of farming

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CN104475678A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-01 福建省宝山机械有限公司 Vacuum-forming production line capable of recycling sand
JP2018030062A (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 株式会社美興 Screen for vibration screening machine

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CN104475678A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-01 福建省宝山机械有限公司 Vacuum-forming production line capable of recycling sand
JP2018030062A (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 株式会社美興 Screen for vibration screening machine

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