CN108501752A - Battery management system - Google Patents
Battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108501752A CN108501752A CN201810368158.2A CN201810368158A CN108501752A CN 108501752 A CN108501752 A CN 108501752A CN 201810368158 A CN201810368158 A CN 201810368158A CN 108501752 A CN108501752 A CN 108501752A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- H02J7/0021—
-
- H02J7/0022—
-
- H02J7/0026—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of battery management systems, including main control module, signal acquisition circuit, power signal processing circuit and charge-discharge control circuit, it can be acquired by signal acquisition circuit and export acquisition signal, the working condition of power motor can be controlled by power signal processing circuit, the charging and discharging state of battery pack can be controlled by charge-discharge control circuit, to can not only be compatible with different voltage platforms, and the safety, intelligent and maintainable of battery system can be promoted, improve versatility.
Description
Technical field
This application involves electronic technology field more particularly to a kind of battery management systems.
Background technology
In current electronic technology field, battery management system be connect battery pack and equipment important tie, for pair
The battery pack of equipment is managed.By taking electric vehicle as an example, on-vehicle battery group and electric vehicle are connected by battery management system, with
Just the battery pack of electric vehicle is managed.But traditional battery management system cannot meet the needs of battery management.
Invention content
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of battery management system.
A kind of battery management system, including：Main control module acquires and exports the signal acquisition circuit of acquisition signal, control
The power signal processing circuit of power motor working condition, and control the charge and discharge control of the charging and discharging state of the battery pack
Circuit, the main control module and the signal acquisition circuit, the power signal processing circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit
It connects, signal acquisition circuit, the power signal processing circuit and the charge and discharge control described in the master control module controls
The working condition of circuit.
Above-mentioned battery management system, including battery pack, main control module, signal acquisition circuit, power signal processing circuit with
And charge-discharge control circuit, acquisition signal can be acquired and exported by signal acquisition circuit, pass through power signal processing circuit
The working condition that power motor can be controlled can control the charging and discharging state of battery pack by charge-discharge control circuit, to
It can be not only compatible with different voltage platforms, but also the safety of battery system, intelligent and maintainable, raising can be promoted
Versatility.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the battery management system in one embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the signal acquisition circuit in one embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of signal acquisition circuit in another embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the first temperature detecting unit in one embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of first voltage monitoring unit in one embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of second voltage monitoring unit in one embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the first front end monitoring unit and functional unit connected to it in one embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the second front end monitoring unit and functional unit connected to it in one embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of short detection unit in one embodiment；
Figure 10 is the principle schematic diagram of the power signal processing circuit of one embodiment；
Figure 11 is the principle schematic diagram of the power signal processing circuit of another embodiment；
Figure 12 is the electrical block diagram of the key detecting signal units in one embodiment；
Figure 13 is the electrical block diagram of the power signal input unit in one embodiment；
Figure 14 is the electrical block diagram of the power signal output unit in one embodiment；
Figure 15 is the principle schematic diagram of the charge-discharge control circuit of one embodiment；
Figure 16 is the principle schematic diagram of the charge-discharge control circuit of another embodiment；
Figure 17 is the electrical block diagram of the charging recognition unit in one embodiment；
Figure 18 is the electrical block diagram of the charging current limiter unit in one embodiment；
Figure 19 is the electrical block diagram of the charging drive module in one embodiment；
Figure 20 is the electrical block diagram of the charging unit in one embodiment；
Figure 21 is the electrical block diagram of the electric discharge drive module in one embodiment；
Figure 22 is the electrical block diagram of the electric discharge device and sample circuit in one embodiment；
Figure 23 is the electrical block diagram of the main control module in one embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
It is with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right in order to make the object, technical solution and advantage of the application be more clearly understood
The application is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the application, not
For limiting the application.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, the battery management system in one embodiment, including：Battery pack 10, main control module 11, acquisition
And the signal acquisition circuit 12 of acquisition signal is exported, the power signal processing circuit 13 of the working condition of power motor is controlled, with
And the charge-discharge control circuit 14 of the charging and discharging state of control battery pack 10.Wherein, main control module 11 and signal acquisition circuit 12,
Power signal processing circuit 13 and charge-discharge control circuit 14 connect, and main control module 11 controls signal acquisition circuit 12, power letter
The working condition of number processing circuit 13 and charge-discharge control circuit 14.
Above-mentioned battery management system, including main control module, signal acquisition circuit, power signal processing circuit and charge and discharge
Control circuit can acquire and be exported by signal acquisition circuit acquisition signal, can be controlled by power signal processing circuit
The working condition of power motor can control the charging and discharging state of battery pack by charge-discharge control circuit, to not only can be with
Compatible different voltage platform, and the safety, intelligent and maintainable of battery system can be promoted, it improves general
Property.
In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, signal acquisition circuit may include：Front end monitoring unit 121, Yi Jiyong
In the N number of battery core connecting pin (BAT1 to BATN) for connecting each single battery core in battery pack, N at least covers two kinds of different voltages
The number of single battery core included by battery pack.Wherein, front end monitoring unit 121 has transmission control terminal, electrical signal
And N number of battery core voltage acquisition end；Main control module 11 has transmission controlled end and electric signal input end.Also, N number of battery core connection
End is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition end of front end monitoring unit 121, the transmission control terminal of front end monitoring unit 121
Connect the transmission controlled end of main control module 11, the telecommunications of the electrical signal connection main control module 11 of front end monitoring unit 121
Number input terminal.
It should be noted that generally including more cascade single battery cores of string in battery pack.Also, it in practical applications, deposits
In the battery pack of a variety of different voltages, such as the battery pack of the battery pack of 72V, the battery pack of 60V and 48V.It is appreciated that difference
The number of single battery core included by the battery pack of voltage generally also differs, for example, the battery pack of 72V generally includes 20 string lists
Body battery core, the battery pack of 60V generally include 16 string single battery cores and the battery pack of 48V generally includes 14 string single battery cores etc..
For any battery group, as long as the number of the single battery core included by the battery pack is less than signal acquisition circuit
In battery core connecting pin number N, which can be used to monitor the physical parameter of the battery pack.For example, N is more than
When 16, signal acquisition circuit can be used for monitoring the physical parameter of the battery pack of 60V and the battery pack of 48V.For another example N is more than 20
When (such as N be equal to 21), signal acquisition circuit can be used for monitoring in the battery pack of the battery pack of 72V, the battery pack of 60V and 48V
Any battery group physical parameter.Wherein, physical parameter may include the battery core electricity of each single battery core included by the battery pack
Pressure.
In the present embodiment, front end monitoring unit can be used for acquiring the battery core voltage of each single battery core in battery pack, and will
Collected each battery core voltage is transmitted to main control module.In practical applications, N number of battery core connecting pin one in signal acquisition circuit
Aspect connects each single battery core in battery pack, on the other hand one by one with N number of battery core voltage acquisition end in the monitoring unit of front end
It is correspondingly connected with.It specifically, can be by transmitting control terminal to master after front end monitoring unit collects the battery core voltage of each single battery core
The transmission controlled end for controlling module sends transmission trigger signal, and corresponding electricity is carried out between front end monitoring unit and main control module to trigger
The transmission of signal passes through the electrical signal of front end monitoring unit and main control module such as the transmission of battery core voltage signal
The battery core voltage of collected each single battery core is transmitted to main control module by electric signal input end from front end monitoring unit.
Wherein, I can be passed through between front end monitoring unit and main control module2C buses carry out signal transmission, i.e. front end monitors
The electrical signal of unit and the electric signal input end of main control module may each comprise clock pins and data pin.In addition,
Front end monitoring unit can be transmitted control terminal by it and export interrupt signal to the transmission controlled end of main control module, before triggering
Hold the transmission that corresponding electric signal is carried out between monitoring unit and main control module.In one embodiment, front end monitoring unit can be with
Using BQ769300 chips.
Wherein, the interrupt signal of front end monitoring unit is connected directly to main control module, physical parameter (such as battery core of battery pack
Voltage) and main circuit current sampling after the completion of, front end monitoring unit generate interrupt signal inform that main control module, main control module pass through
I2C buses read system status register, if it is characterized as physical parameter, sampling is completed, and reads the data that sampling obtains, energy
Enough mitigate main control module burden, cycle is avoided to read waste of resource.
In addition, main control module can also control the operating mode of front end monitoring unit.Specifically, main control module is also
With state control terminal, there is front end monitoring unit condition controlled end, the state control terminal to be connect with the condition controlled end.Work as master
Control after module sends high level signal by the condition controlled end of state control terminal forward end monitoring unit, front end monitoring unit into
Enter working condition.It should be noted that main control module can also pass through I2C bus forward end monitoring unit sends dormancy instruction,
I.e. main control module sends dormancy instruction by the electrical signal of electric signal input end forward end monitoring unit so that supervises front end
It surveys unit and enters dormant state, the loss of system power dissipation and battery core when to reduce static state.
Above-mentioned signal acquisition circuit, including front end monitoring unit, main control module and for connecting each list in battery pack
N number of battery core connecting pin of body battery core.N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition of front end monitoring unit
End, the transmission controlled end of the transmission control terminal connection main control module of front end monitoring unit, the electric signal output of front end monitoring unit
The electric signal input end of end connection main control module.The monomer electricity for including due to the N battery packs at least covering two kinds of different voltages
The number of core, the application can be suitable for the battery pack of different voltages, improve versatility.
With reference to figure 3 to being so that N is equal to 21 as an example shown in Fig. 8, in Fig. 3, identifying each single battery core of battery pack, (B1 is extremely
) and charge-discharge control circuit 14 B20.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit can also include for detecting BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM, battery management system) cavity temperature the first temperature detecting unit 122 and driven for detecting in charge-discharge control circuit
The second temperature detection unit 123 of the temperature of dynamic switching tube.In the case, main control module 11 also has the first temperature signal defeated
Enter end and second temperature signal input part.
Wherein, the first temperature detecting unit 122 has the first temperature signal output terminals A DC0, second temperature detection unit
123 have second temperature signal output end ADC1.First temperature signal output end of the first temperature detecting unit 122 connects master control
The second temperature signal output end of first temperature signal input of module 11, second temperature detection unit 123 connects master control mould
The second temperature signal input part of block 11.In the present embodiment, the physical parameter of the monitoring of signal acquisition circuit 12 can also include
The temperature of driving switch pipe in BMS cavity temperatures and charge-discharge control circuit.
In one embodiment, the first temperature detecting unit 122 can be used thermistor (RT1 in such as Fig. 4) and carry out temperature
Degree detection.It is appreciated that the resistance value of thermistor changes with the variation of temperature, and then the first temperature signal output
Voltage also occurs to change accordingly, and the voltage of its first temperature signal input can be scaled actual temperature by main control module 11,
To obtain BMS cavity temperatures.In addition, second temperature detection unit 123 can be used it is identical with the first temperature detecting unit 122
Circuit structure is realized, is not added with and is repeated herein.In one embodiment, the particular circuit configurations of the first temperature detecting unit can be as
Shown in Fig. 4.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit 12 can also include being supervised for monitoring the first voltage of battery voltage
Unit 124 is surveyed, in the case, main control module 11 also has battery voltage input terminal.
Wherein, first voltage monitoring unit 124 includes that the first partial pressure unit 1241 and the first amplifier follow unit 1242；The
One partial pressure unit 1241 has the cathode for connecting the first positive anode connection terminal of battery pack, for connecting battery pack
First cathode connecting pin and the first partial pressure output end；First amplifier follows unit 1242 to have first voltage input terminal and the
One voltage output end ADC2.Also, the first partial pressure output end connects first voltage input terminal, and first voltage output end connects battery
Group voltage input end.In the present embodiment, the physical parameter of signal acquisition circuit monitoring can also include battery voltage, i.e., electric
Voltage between the anode (ends B+) and cathode (ends B-) of pond group.
In practical applications, the anode of the first anode connection terminal connection battery pack 10 of the first partial pressure unit 1241, first
Cathode connecting pin connects the cathode of battery pack 10.First partial pressure unit 1241 divides the voltage between the anode and cathode of battery pack
Be pressed onto 0~3.3V, the voltage signal after partial pressure by first partial pressure output end and first voltage input terminal be passed to the first amplifier with
With unit 1242, unit 1242 is followed to reduce output impedance by the first amplifier, then pass through first voltage output end and battery pack electricity
Corresponding voltage signal is transmitted to main control module 11 by pressure input terminal, so main control module 11 according to the voltage signal received into
Row transformation of scale, so that the voltage signal is reduced to actual battery voltage.First voltage monitoring in one embodiment
The particular circuit configurations of unit 124 can be as shown in Figure 5.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 5, wherein, the first partial pressure unit 1241 includes：Inductance Li3, inductance Li4, resistance Ri12, resistance
Ri13, resistance Ri14, resistance Ri15.First amplifier follows the unit 1242 to include：Resistance Ri11, resistance Ri10, capacitance Ci10, electricity
Hold Ci9, operational amplifier U4B, diode assembly Vi2.
Wherein, inductance Li3, resistance Ri12, resistance Ri13 are sequentially connected in series, and the one end of inductance Li3 far from resistance Ri12 connects B
+ electrode, inductance Li4, resistance Ri14, resistance Ri15 are sequentially connected in series, and the one end of inductance Li4 far from resistance Ri14 connects B- electrodes,
The one end of one end, resistance Ri15 far from resistance Ri14 of resistance Ri13 far from resistance Ri12 connect after as division module 1061
Output port.One end of resistance Ri11 as or connection amplifier follow the input port of module 1062, resistance Ri11's is another
End, capacitance Ci10 one end connect with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U4B, the other end of capacitance Ci10 is grounded, and operation is put
The output end of big device U4B is connect with one end of the inverting input of operational amplifier U4B, resistance Ri10, and resistance Ri10's is another
End connects output port after connecting with one end of capacitance Ci9.The cathode of diode assembly Vi2 connects power supply, diode assembly Vi2
Anode, capacitance Ci9 the other end ground connection.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit 12 can also include the second voltage for monitoring load supplying voltage
Monitoring unit 125, in the case, main control module 11 also have load supplying voltage input end.
Wherein, second voltage monitoring unit 125 includes the second partial pressure unit 1251, linear optical coupling isolation unit 1252 and the
Two amplifiers follow unit 1253；Second partial pressure unit 1251 has for connecting the second anode connection terminal of load anode, being used for
Second cathode connecting pin of connection load negative terminal and the second partial pressure output end；Linear optical coupling isolation unit 1252 has partial pressure
Input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal；Second amplifier follows unit 1253 that there is second voltage input terminal, power supply to connect
End and second voltage output terminals A DC3.
Also, the second partial pressure output end connection partial pressure input terminal, the first output end of linear optical coupling isolation unit 1252 connect
Second voltage input terminal is connect, the second output terminal of linear optical coupling isolation unit 1252 connects power connector end, second voltage output
End connection load supplying voltage input end.
In the present embodiment, the physical parameter that signal acquisition circuit 11 monitors can also include load supplying voltage, i.e., negative
Carry the voltage between anode (ends P+) and load negative terminal (ends P-).Furthermore, it is necessary to explanation, in battery management system, P+
It is usually to be connected to hold with the ends B+.
In practical applications, the second anode connection terminal connection load anode of the second partial pressure unit 1251, the second cathode connect
Connect end connection load negative terminal.Second partial pressure unit 1251 will load anode and load voltage between negative terminal to 0~3.3V,
Voltage signal after partial pressure is passed to linear optical coupling isolation unit 1252 by the second partial pressure output end and partial pressure input terminal, linear
After light-coupled isolation unit 1252 is isolated, the voltage signal after isolation passes through the first output end, second output terminal, second voltage
Input terminal and power connector end are passed to the second amplifier and follow unit 1253, then follow unit 1253 to reduce output resistance by the second amplifier
It is anti-, and then corresponding voltage signal is transmitted to by main control module by second voltage output end and load supplying voltage input end
11, main control module 11 carries out transformation of scale according to the voltage signal received, which is reduced to actual load
Supply voltage.
It should be noted that load anode and load negative terminal can access external charger, if recognizing external access
When the technology that charger does not meet battery management system requires, then the charge function of charger is shielded, does not allow to charge, to improve
The safety of system.The particular circuit configurations of second voltage monitoring unit 125 in one embodiment can be as shown in Figure 6.
In one embodiment, front end monitoring unit 121 may include M front end monitoring subelement, and M is positive integer.Its
In, the electrical signal of front end monitoring unit 121 includes the sub- electrical signal of each front end monitoring subelement, transmission control
End includes the son transmission control terminal of each front end monitoring subelement, and N number of battery core voltage acquisition end includes each front end monitoring subelement
Sub- battery core voltage acquisition end；The electric signal input end of main control module 11 includes each son corresponding with each sub- electrical signal
Electric signal input end, transmission controlled end include each sub- transmission controlled end corresponding with each sub- transmission control terminal.
In the case, N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition end, transmission control terminal connection
Controlled end is transmitted, electrical signal connects electric signal input end, is specifically as follows：N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively
The son transmission control terminal at the sub- battery core voltage acquisition end of each front end monitoring subelement, each front end monitoring subelement is connected respectively
The sub- electrical signal of each sub- transmission controlled end of main control module, each front end monitoring subelement is connected respectively main control module
Each sub- electric signal input end.
In one embodiment, M is equal to 2, and in the case, front end monitoring unit 121 includes that the first front end monitoring is single
Member 1211 and the second front end monitor subelement 1212.
In the present embodiment, the electrical signal of front end monitoring unit 121 includes that the first front end monitors subelement 1211
Sub- electrical signal and the second front end monitoring subelement 1212 subsignal output end.The transmission of front end monitoring unit 121
Control terminal includes that the son transmission control terminal of the first front end monitoring subelement 1211 and the son of the second front end monitoring subelement 1212 pass
Defeated control terminal.The condition controlled end of front end monitoring unit 121 includes the condition controlled end of son of the first front end monitoring subelement 1211
The condition controlled end of son of subelement 1212 is monitored with the second front end.N number of battery core voltage acquisition end includes that the first front end monitoring is single
The sub- battery core voltage acquisition end at the sub- battery core voltage acquisition end of member 1211 and the second front end monitoring subelement 1212.
Correspondingly, the electric signal input end of main control module 11 includes the sub- electric signal that subelement 1211 is monitored with the first front end
The corresponding sub- electric signal input end of output end, and it is corresponding with the second front end monitoring sub- electrical signal of subelement 1212
Sub- electric signal input end.The transmission controlled end of main control module 11 includes the son transmission control that subelement 1211 is monitored with the first front end
Hold corresponding sub- transmission controlled end, and with the second front end monitor the corresponding sub- transmission of the son transmission control terminal of subelement 1212 by
Control end.The state control terminal of main control module 11 includes son corresponding with the condition controlled end of son of the first front end monitoring subelement 1211
State control terminal, and sub- state control terminal corresponding with the condition controlled end of son of the second front end monitoring subelement 1212.
In the case, N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition end, transmission control terminal connection
Controlled end is transmitted, electrical signal connects electric signal input end, is specifically as follows：N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively
First front end monitors each sub- battery core at each sub- battery core voltage acquisition end and the second front end monitoring subelement 1212 of subelement 1211
Voltage acquisition end；First front end monitor subelement 1211 son transmission control terminal connection main control module 11 in corresponding sub- transmission by
End is controlled, the son transmission control terminal that the second front end monitors subelement 1212 connects corresponding sub- transmission controlled end in main control module 11；
First front end monitors corresponding sub- state control terminal in the son condition controlled end connection main control module 11 of subelement 1211, before second
Corresponding sub- state control terminal in the condition controlled end connection main control module 11 of son of end monitoring subelement 1212；First front end monitors
Corresponding sub- electric signal input end in the sub- electrical signal connection main control module 11 of subelement 1211, the second front end monitoring
Corresponding sub- electric signal input end in the sub- electrical signal connection main control module 11 of unit 1212.
In one embodiment, in signal acquisition circuit can also include the first hygrosensor, second temperature detector,
Third hygrosensor and the 4th hygrosensor, it further includes for detecting battery pack temperature that the first front end, which monitors subelement 1211,
The first temperature sensing connecting pin (T1) and second temperature detection connecting pin (T2), the second front end monitoring subelement 1212 further include
Third temperature sensing connecting pin (T3) and the 4th temperature sensing connecting pin (T4) for detecting battery pack temperature.In this situation
Under, the first temperature sensing connecting pin (T1) connects the first hygrosensor, and second temperature detects the second temperature of connecting pin (T2) connection
Detector is spent, third temperature sensing connecting pin (T3) connects third hygrosensor, the connection of the 4th temperature sensing connecting pin (T4)
4th hygrosensor.Also, the first hygrosensor, second temperature detector, third hygrosensor and the 4th temperature are visited
It surveys device and is respectively placed in the single battery core surface that scheduled battery core connecting pin is connected.(in addition to the port T1, T2, T3 and T4, other
Component and connection relation are not shown)
In the present embodiment, the first temperature sensing connecting pin and second temperature detection connecting pin are for monitoring the first front end prison
The temperature of each single battery core corresponding to subelement, third temperature sensing connecting pin and the 4th temperature sensing connecting pin are surveyed for supervising
Survey the temperature of each single battery core corresponding to the second front end monitoring subelement.For shown in Fig. 3, in Fig. 3 N be 21, and this 21
A battery core connecting pin is all connected with single battery core, and the first temperature sensing connecting pin and second temperature detection connecting pin can be used for monitoring
The temperature of this 10 single battery cores of B1~B10, third temperature sensing connecting pin and the 4th temperature sensing connecting pin can be used for supervising
Survey the temperature of this 10 single battery cores of B11~B20.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit 12 can also include current sampling unit 126, in the case, the
One front end, which monitors subelement, also has the first sampled signal input and the second sampled signal input.
Wherein, current sampling unit 126 has the first sampling end SMP1 and the second sampling end.Also, the first sampling end connects
The first sampled signal input is connect, the first sampling end is additionally operable to connection charge-discharge control circuit 14, the second sampling end connection second
Sampled signal input, the second sampling end are additionally operable to the cathode of connection battery pack.Accordingly, in the present embodiment, signal acquisition electricity
The physical parameter of road monitoring can also include the charge/discharge current of battery pack, i.e. charging current and discharge current.
In one embodiment, sampling resistor (RS1~RS5 in such as Fig. 7) progress may be used in current sampling unit 126
Current sample.It is appreciated that in practical applications, the current sampling port of current sampling unit 126 connects charge-discharge control circuit
14, third cathode connecting pin connects the cathode (B-) of battery pack.Main control module 11 obtains (the i.e. first sampling of sampling resistor both ends
Signal output end and the second sampled signal output end) voltage after, you can flowed through in conjunction with the computing the resistor value of the sampling resistor
The electric current of the sampling resistor, the electric current are charge/discharge current.The specific electricity of current sampling unit 126 in one embodiment
Line structure can be as shown in 170 in Fig. 7.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit 12 can also include light-coupled isolation unit 127 shown in Fig. 3 and bus
Isolated location 128.In the case, corresponding son in the son transmission control terminal connection main control module of the second front end monitoring subelement
Controlled end is transmitted, the condition controlled end of son that the second front end monitors subelement connects corresponding sub- state control terminal in main control module,
And second front end monitoring subelement sub- electrical signal connection main control module in corresponding sub- electric signal input end, specifically
For：The son transmission control terminal that second front end monitors subelement connects corresponding sub- transmission in main control module by light-coupled isolation unit
Controlled end, the condition controlled end of son that the second front end monitors subelement connect corresponding son in main control module by light-coupled isolation unit
The sub- electrical signal of state control terminal and the second front end monitoring subelement connects main control module by Bus isolation unit
In corresponding sub- electric signal input end.
It should be noted that when signal acquisition circuit includes that multiple front ends monitor subelement, since front end monitors son
What unit monitored is the voltage signal of each series connection battery core, after otherwise accessing cascade battery core, cannot be will produce and connect altogether each other
Ground loop electric current, circuit can not work normally.
Based on this, in the present embodiment, when signal acquisition circuit includes that two front ends monitor subelement, in circuit
Light-coupled isolation unit and Bus isolation unit are added, the influence of ground loop currents can be eliminated, make normal operation circuit.One
In a embodiment, the particular circuit configurations of light-coupled isolation unit can as shown in 180 in Fig. 8, Bus isolation unit it is specific
Circuit structure can be as shown in 190 in Fig. 8.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit can also include short detection unit 800, short detection unit tool
There are detection input SMP2 and detection output GPIO3.In the case, main control module also has short-circuit detecting end.Wherein, it examines
It surveys input terminal and is used to connect the short-circuit detecting end of main control module for connecting charge-discharge control circuit, detection output.
In one embodiment, the particular circuit configurations of short detection unit unit can be as shown in Figure 9.The short-circuit detecting
Unit 800 includes first resistor R1, the first diode D1 and the first capacitance C1.Wherein, the first end of first resistor simultaneously with inspection
Survey the anode connection of input terminal SMP2, the first connecting pin of the first capacitance and the first diode, the second end of first resistor with
Detection output GPIO3 connections；The second connection end of first capacitance is connect with the cathode of the first diode；First diode is born
Pole is grounded.
It should be noted that when including short detection unit and current sampling unit simultaneously in signal acquisition circuit, inspection
Surveying input terminal SMP2 can connect with the first sampling end SMP1, and the two connects charge-discharge control unit simultaneously.
In one embodiment, front end monitoring unit can lead to when the either condition in meeting the following conditions is satisfied
Cross the interrupt signal that transmission control terminal sends high level to the transmission controlled end of main control module：Charge/discharge current sampling is completed, is negative
Carry overload, short circuit, overcurrent, overvoltage and under-voltage.When the transmission controlled end of main control module receives the interrupt signal of high level, read
The corresponding signal of front end monitoring unit acquisition, and execute corresponding processing.For example, main control module is detecting charge/discharge current
Sampling complete when, read the charge/discharge current of acquisition, detect load overload, short circuit, overcurrent, overvoltage or it is under-voltage when, break
Charge-discharge control unit is opened, to protect battery pack.
It should be noted that can independently judge the work(of over-pressed, under-voltage, overcurrent and short trouble using front end monitoring unit
Can, i.e., front end monitoring unit will produce interrupt signal after monitoring failure, and main control module passes through I2C buses read system mode and post
Storage executes protection act if it is characterized as failure, to realize that the two level hardware protection of battery management system (protect by level-one
Shield is by main control module software realization), and then improve the safety of system.
In one embodiment, signal acquisition circuit can also include N-1 passive balanced units, and each passive equilibrium
Unit all has first input end, the second input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal.
In the case, N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition end, specially：N number of battery core
Each two adjacent battery core voltage acquisition ends in voltage acquisition end respectively with the first input end of passive balanced unit and
Second input terminal connect, two adjacent battery core connecting pins corresponding with two adjacent battery core voltage acquisition ends respectively with this
First output end of passive balanced unit is connected with second output terminal.
For shown in Fig. 3, N is equal to 21, and signal acquisition circuit includes 20 passive balanced units, respectively passive balanced
Unit 1 is to passive balanced unit 20.Passively shown in 201 in balanced unit 1 such as Fig. 7, in such as Fig. 8 of passive balanced unit 11
Shown in 211.In addition, the structure of each passive balanced unit in signal acquisition circuit can be identical.It should be noted that working as signal
When accessing multiple single battery cores in Acquisition Circuit, the charging voltage of each single battery core is likely to occur inconsistent, such as some list
Body battery core is 3.74V, and other single battery cores are 3.72V.
Based on this, in the present embodiment, one passive equilibrium is set for the single battery core of each access signal acquisition circuit
Unit.When the charging voltage of each single battery core occurs inconsistent, by the higher single battery core of master control module controls charging voltage
Circuit conducting in corresponding passive balanced unit, to carry out low current charge to the higher single battery core of the charging voltage,
Other battery cores still carry out normal current charging, and after balanced a period of time, the voltage difference of each battery core is restored to zone of reasonableness.
In one embodiment, for shown in 201 in Fig. 7, each passive balanced unit can also include first brilliant
Body pipe Q1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4 and the second capacitance C2.
In the case, the first input end of each passive balanced unit connects the first end of its second resistance, 3rd resistor
First end and the second capacitance first end, the second input terminal connects the second end of second capacitance, the of the second resistance
Two ends connect the first output end of the first connecting pin and the passive balanced unit of the first transistor, the second end of the 3rd resistor
The switch control terminal of the first transistor is connected, the second connection end of the first transistor connects the first end of the 4th resistance, should
The second end of 4th resistance connects the second output terminal of the passive balanced unit.
In another embodiment, each passive balanced unit can also include the second diode D2, second diode
Anode connection the first transistor the first connecting pin, second diode cathode connection the first transistor switch control
End.
It should be noted that each battery core can be individually passive balanced.For example, for the passive balanced circuit of battery core B1,
The opening of equalization function monitors subelement control with closing by the first front end.Wherein, the type selecting of equalizing resistance R4 can be 40
Euqalizing current 75mA~105mA can be achieved in Ω/2W between battery core voltage 3.0V~4.2V.
Figure 10 shows the structural schematic diagram of the power signal processing circuit in one embodiment, power signal processing circuit
Including：The Key detecting signal units 131 for detecting and exporting Key signals detect and export the power letter of current power status signal
Number input unit 132 receives the control signal that main control module 11 exports and simultaneously controls power motor working condition according to control signal
Power signal output unit 133.Main control module 11 is according to described in the Key signals, current power status signal output
Control signal, the output end of Key detecting signal units 131, the output end and power signal of power signal input unit 132
The input terminal of output unit 133 is connect with main control module 11 respectively.
Based on the scheme of embodiment as described above, power input signal is input to battery by the Key signals based on detection
The power signal processing circuit of management system, and export again after treatment to control the working condition of power motor, so as to
Power motor is output power to the state preferably according to battery, the problem it is possible to prevente effectively from vehicle casts anchor increases vehicle
Mileage travelled extends battery, improves system stability and safety.
With reference to shown in figure 11, in one embodiment, which may include：Point being connected with each other
Die block 1311 and the first light-coupled isolation module 1312, wherein the first light-coupled isolation module 1312 is connect with main control module 11, defeated
Go out Key signals.
With reference to shown in figure 12, the Key detecting signal units 131 in one embodiment include：Diode Vp3, resistance Rp16,
Resistance Rp17, resistance Rp20, resistance Rp19, resistance Rp23, resistance Rp21, resistance Rp22, capacitance Cp22, capacitance Cp23, optocoupler
Gx2 and triode Qp7.
The anode connection input port of diode Vp3, the Key signals of input port access device, the cathode of diode Vp3
It is connect with one end of resistance Rp16, the other end of resistance Rp16 is connect with one end of one end of resistance Rp20, resistance Rp17, resistance
The other end of Rp17 is connect with the first end (pin 1) of one end of capacitance Cp22, optocoupler Gx2, the other end, the capacitance of resistance Rp20
The other end of Cp22 is grounded, and the 4th end (pin 4) of optocoupler Gx2 is by the ports resistance Rp19 connection Power+, and the of optocoupler Gx2
Three ends (pin 3), one end of resistance Rp23, triode Qp7 base stage connect Key signal output ports, the current collection of triode Qp7
Pole is connect with resistance R21, resistance Rp22, and the other end of resistance Rp21 accesses power supply, the other end and the capacitance Cp23 of resistance Rp22
And the first input end GPIO4 connections of control unit, the other end of resistance Rp23, the emitter and capacitance of triode Qp7
The other end of Cp23 is grounded.
When Key signals are closed, Key signal ports are the cathode voltage (such as 60V, 72V) of battery pack, the voltage and light
2 feet (i.e. AGND) of coupling Gx2 generate pressure difference, which flows through the internal photo of Rp16, Rp17 and optocoupler Gx2, shape
At circuit, optocoupler is made to be connected, therefore Power+ (this voltage is the battery anode voltage after filtered processing) can be transmitted
To the base stage of Key signal output ends and triode Qp7：Key signal output ends are used to open the power supply of BMS under off-position,
And triode ON, Key states are passed to by main control module by GPIO4, main control module enters electric discharge after receiving Key states
Otherwise operating mode is idle operating mode or charging operating mode.
With reference to shown in figure 11, in one embodiment, which may include：It is connected with each other
Second linear optical coupling isolation module 1321 and the first amplifier follow module 1322, wherein the first amplifier follows module 1322 and master
It controls module 11 to connect, the current power status signal that output detection obtains.
With reference to shown in figure 13, the second linear optical coupling isolation module 1321 in one embodiment includes：Resistance Rw3, resistance
Rw5, resistance Rw4, resistance Rw1, capacitance Cw4, capacitance Cw2, capacitance Cw1, operational amplifier U1B and linear analogue photoelectric coupling
One end of device ISO1, resistance Rw3 connects input port, which accesses power input signal, the other end of resistance Rw3 with
One end of capacitance Cw4 and the in-phase input end connection of operational amplifier U1B, inverting input and the electricity of operational amplifier U1B
The 4th pin connection of one end of Rw5, one end of capacitance Cw2 and linear analogue photoelectrical coupler ISO1 is hindered, capacitance Cw4's is another
One end, resistance Rw5 other end ground connection, the output end of operational amplifier U1B and the other end of capacitance Cw2 and resistance Rw4's
One end connects, and the other end of resistance Rw4 is connect with the second pin of linear analogue photoelectrical coupler ISO1, linear analogue photoelectricity coupling
The 5th pin of clutch ISO1 is connect after connecting with one end of one end of resistance Rw1, capacitance Cw1 with output port, resistance Rw1's
The other end ground connection of the other end, capacitance Cw1.
Shown in Figure 13, the first amplifier in one embodiment follows the module 1322 to include：Operational amplifier
U2B, resistance Rw2, diode assembly Dw1 and capacitance Cw3, diode assembly Dw1 include two diodes being in series, fortune
The in-phase input end for calculating amplifier U2B connects input port, output end and inverting input and the resistance of operational amplifier U2B
One end of Rw2 connects, and the other end of resistance Rw2 is grounded after being connect with one end of capacitance Cw3, and diode assembly Dw1 is connected to electricity
Between source and ground, and the plus earth of diode assembly Dw1, the cathode of diode assembly Dw1 access power supply.
According to short, the empty disconnected principle of void of amplifier, flow through the electric current Ipd1=handles input voltages of 3 foot of ISO1 devices and 4 feet/
Rw5.And for linear optical coupling ISO1, the electric current Ipd2 and Ipd1 of 6 foot, 5 foot are flowed through there are linear relationship k, Ipd2=k*Ipd1,
It is scaled voltage form：Vout/Rw1=k* handles input voltage vin/Rw5, configures, Vout=Vin/2 according to schematic diagram, because
This circuit realizes electrical isolation, the function of one times of voltage diminution.
With reference to shown in figure 11, in one embodiment, power signal output unit 133 includes：The third light of interconnection
Coupling isolation module 1331 and the second amplifier follow module 1332, wherein the input terminal of third light-coupled isolation module 1331 and master control
Module 11 connects, and receives the control signal that main control module 11 exports.
With reference to shown in figure 14, the third light-coupled isolation module 1331 in one embodiment includes：Resistance Rw8, resistance Rw6,
Resistance Rw7, resistance Rw10, capacitance Cw10, capacitance Cw7, capacitance Cw8, capacitance Cw9, operational amplifier U2A and linear analogue light
Electric coupler ISO2.
Wherein, input port is accessed in one end of resistance Rw8, and the other end and one end of capacitance Cw10, the operation of resistance Rw8 are put
The in-phase input end connection of big device U2A, the inverting input of operational amplifier U2A and one end of resistance Rw6, capacitance Cw9 one
The connection of the 4th pin of end and linear analogue photoelectrical coupler ISO2, the other end of capacitance Cw10, the other end of resistance Rw6
Power supply, capacitance are accessed in one end of ground connection, the cathode power supply end of operational amplifier U2A, one end of capacitance Cw7 and capacitance Cw8
The other end of Cw7, the other end ground connection of capacitance Cw8, the negative power supply end ground connection of operational amplifier U2A, operational amplifier U2A's
Output end is connect with one end of the other end of capacitance Cw9, resistance Rw7, the other end and the linear analogue photoelectrical coupler of resistance Rw7
The second pin of ISO2 connects, and the 5th pin and the resistance Rw10 and output port of linear analogue photoelectrical coupler ISO2 connect
It connects, the other end ground connection of resistance Rw10, the 6th pin of linear analogue photoelectrical coupler ISO2 accesses power supply.
With reference to shown in figure 14, the second amplifier in one embodiment follows the module 1332 to include：Capacitance Cw12, capacitance Cw6,
Capacitance Cw5, capacitance Cw11, resistance Rw9 and operational amplifier U1A.Wherein, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U1A and electricity
Input port, the other end ground connection of capacitance Cw12, the cathode power supply end of operational amplifier U1A are connected after holding one end connection of Cw12
It accesses power supply and is connect with one end of one end of capacitance Cw6, capacitance Cw5, the other end of capacitance Cw6, another termination of capacitance Cw5
The output end on ground, operational amplifier U1A is connect with one end of the reverse input end of operational amplifier U1A, resistance Rw9, resistance Rw9
The other end connect with one end of capacitance Cw11 after connect output port, the other end of capacitance Cw11, operational amplifier U1A it is negative
Pole power end ground connection.
With reference to shown in figure 15, the charge-discharge control circuit 14 in one embodiment includes：Charging current limiter unit 141, charging
Control unit 142 and control of discharge unit 143.The control terminal of the output end GPIO7 and charging current limiter unit 141 of main control module 11
Connection, the output end GPIO8 of main control module 11 are connect with the control terminal of charging control unit 142, the output end of main control module 11
GPIO9 is connect with the control terminal of control of discharge unit 143, input terminal and the battery cathode (B- electrodes) of control of discharge unit 143
Connection, output end are connect with the input terminal of the input terminal of charging current limiter unit 141, charging control unit 142, charging current limiter unit
141 output end, the output end of charging control unit 142 are connect with discharge end cathode (P- electrodes).
Main control module 11 can obtain the battery pack temperature that temperature detecting unit 10 detects, and be based on the battery pack temperature
The working condition of control charging current limiter unit 141, charging control unit 142 and control of discharge unit 143, so as to be based on supervising
The temperature of the battery pack measured carries out effective current limliting processing, is not necessarily to the help of external equipment, not only versatile, and can be into
One step reduces cost.
Temperature detecting unit 10 shown in Figure 15 may include：The first temperature detection list for detecting battery pack temperature
Member 122, and temperature for detecting the driving switch pipe in the charge-discharge control circuit second temperature detection unit
123.The output end of first temperature detecting unit connects the first temperature signal input of the main control module, and described second
The output end of temperature detecting unit connects the second temperature signal input part of the main control module.Here each charge-discharge control circuit
In driving switch pipe, can be the metal-oxide-semiconductor etc. in charging drive module in following examples and electric discharge drive module.
With reference to shown in figure 15, the charge-discharge control circuit 14 in one embodiment can also include：Identify charger access
State, when detecting charger access, output charger accesses the charging recognition unit 144 of signal, and charge recognition unit 144
Output end connect with main control module 11.
With reference to shown in figure 17, in one embodiment, charging recognition unit 144 includes：Optocoupler ISO9, anode and optocoupler ISO9
First end connection diode Df2, the other end of diode Df2 connect with P- electrodes, positive and optocoupler ISO9 second end
The other end of the diode Zf1 of connection, the resistor assembly being connect with the cathode of diode Zf1, resistor assembly are connect with P+ electrodes,
The resistance Rf7 and resistance Rf8 being connect with the 4th end of optocoupler IOS9, the capacitance Cf2 being connect with the other end of resistance Rf7, resistance
The other end of Rf7 and the input terminal of main control module connect, and the other end of resistance Rf8 accesses power supply, another termination of capacitance Cf2
Ground.
Wherein, above-mentioned resistor assembly includes the resistance Rf5 being serially connected and resistance Rf6.The other end of resistance Rf5 and P+ electricity
Pole connects, and the other end of resistance Rf6 is connect with the cathode of diode Zf1.
Based on the charging recognition unit 144, after external charger is inserted into, and voltage is more than corresponding voltage threshold (such as
43V is determined by zener diode Zf1) when, the conducting of the circuits P+ to P-, to 3 feet of optocoupler ISO9 and the conducting of 4 feet, GPIO6 becomes
At low level；If without external charger, P+ to P- loop cutoffs, 3 feet and 4 feet of optocoupler ISO9 are not turned on, and GPIO6 is high electricity
It is flat.
With reference to shown in figure 16, in one embodiment, above-mentioned charging current limiter unit 141 includes：Switch control module 1411,
Control device 1412, switching device 1413 and energy storage device 1414.Wherein, the input terminal of switch control module 1411 and master control
The output end GPIO7 connections of module 11, the output end of switch control module 1411 are connect with the input terminal of control device 1412, control
The output end of device 1412 processed is connect with the control terminal of switching device 1413, and energy storage device 1414 is connected to control of discharge unit
Between 143 output end and the first end of switching device 1413, second end connection discharge end cathode (the P- electricity of switching device 1413
Pole).
Wherein, in specific implementation, in a specific example, above-mentioned control device 1412 may include PWM controller,
Switching device 1413 may include switch mosfet, and energy storage device 1414 may include energy storage inductor.
With reference to shown in figure 18, in one embodiment, switch control module 1411 includes：Resistance Rx9, resistance Rx4, resistance
Rx2, capacitance Cx8, capacitance Cx1, optocoupler OP1, diode Dx2 and triode Q1.
Wherein, one end of resistance Rx9 is connect with the output end GPIO7 of main control module 11, the other end and capacitance of resistance Rx9
One end of Cx8, first end (pin 1) connection of optocoupler OP1, the other end ground connection of capacitance Cx8, the second end (pin of optocoupler OP1
2) it is grounded, the third end (pin 3) of optocoupler OP1 connects P- electrodes, the cathode of the 4th end (pin 4) and diode Dx2 of optocoupler OP1
The anode of connection, diode Dx2 is connect with one end of resistance Rx4, the other end of resistance Rx4 and one end of resistance Rx2, triode
The base stage of Q1 connects, and the other end of resistance Rx2, the emitter of triode Q1 access power supply, and one end and the P- electrodes of capacitance Cx1 connect
Connect, the collector of triode Q1, the other end of capacitance Cx1 connect after be the switch control module 1411 output end.
When it is high level that main control module 11, which sets GPIO7, optocoupler OP1 conductings, Rx2, Rx4, Dx4 forming circuit, to Rx2
There is pressure drop at both ends, and Q1 is made to be connected, and P12V2 power supplys may be output to chip Ux1, the Ux1 start-up operation of control device 1412.Master control mould
Block 11 sets GPIO7 when being low level, and optocoupler OP1 cut-off, the circuit Rx2, Rx4, Dx2 disconnects, and the both ends Rx2 are not turned on without pressure drop, Q1,
P12V2 power supplys can not be exported not to work to the chip Ux1 of control device 1412, Ux1.
With reference to figure 18, in one embodiment, control device 1412 includes：Control chip Ux1, resistance Rx26, resistance Rx27,
Resistance Rx20, resistance Rx18, resistance Rx12, resistance Rx14, resistance Rx15, resistance Rx21, resistance Rx22, resistance Rx17, resistance
Rx24, resistance Rx30, capacitance Cx45, capacitance Cx18, capacitance Cx1, capacitance Cx9, capacitance Cx10, capacitance Cx13, capacitance Cx19, electricity
Hold Cx20, capacitance Cx21, capacitance Cx22, diode Dx5, diode Dx7 and triode Vx8.Wherein, control chip Ux1
Can be that wide pulse modulation controls chip, form the present embodiment of specific chip is not specifically limited, such as TL494
(EG7500 chips).
Wherein, capacitance Cx13 is connected to the first pin (1IN+ pins) for controlling chip Ux1 between P- cathode, capacitance
After Cx1 connects with resistance Rx20, be connected to control chip Ux1 second pin (1IN- pins) and third pin (FB pins) it
Between, resistance Rx18 is connected between the second pin and third pin of control chip Ux1, resistance Rx14 and resistance Rx15 series connection
Afterwards, it is connected between the second pin and the 14th pin (REF pins) of control chip Ux1, capacitance Cx9 is connected to control chip
Between the second pin and P- electrodes of Ux1, resistance Rx12 is connected between the second pin and P- electrodes of control chip Ux1, electricity
Hold Cx10 to be connected between the 14th pin and P- electrodes of control chip Ux1, capacitance Cx18 is connected to the of control chip Ux1
Between four pins (DTC pins) and the 5th pin (CT pins), resistance Rx27 is connected to the 4th pin and the of control chip Ux1
Between six pins (RT pins), resistance Rx26 is connected to the 4th pin and the 7th pin (grounding pin GND) of control chip Ux1
Between, capacitance Cx45 is connected between the 4th pin and the 8th pin (C1 pins) of control chip Ux1, control chip Ux1's
4th pin is also connect with P- electrodes, after the 9th pin (E1 pins) of control chip Ux1 connects with the tenth pin (E2 pins),
It is connect with the base stage of one end of resistance Rx30, the anode of diode Dx5, the cathode of diode Dx7 and triode Vx8, two poles
The cathode of pipe Dx5 is connect with one end of the emitter of triode Vx8, resistance Rx24, the other end, the diode Dx7 of resistance Rx30
Anode and the collector of triode Vx8 connect with P- electrodes, the first output of the other end and control device of resistance Rx24
Port connects, the 8th pin of control chip Ux1, the 11st pin of control chip Ux1, control chip Ux1 12 pins,
The input port of one end of capacitance Cx19, one end of capacitance Cx20 and control device connects, the other end, the capacitance of capacitance Cx19
The other end of Cx20 connect with the 13rd pin of control chip Ux1, and capacitance Cx21, which is connected to, to be controlled the 13rd of chip Ux1 and draw
Between foot and the 14th pin, capacitance Cx22 is connected between the 13rd pin and the 14th pin of control chip Ux1, resistance
Rx21 is connected between the 14th pin and the 15th pin of control chip Ux1, and resistance Rx22 is connected to control chip Ux1's
Between 13rd pin and the 16th pin, first pin and capacitance Cx13 of one end and control chip Ux1 of resistance Rx17
Between connect, the second output terminal mouth of the other end of resistance Rx17 and control device connects.
With reference to shown in figure 18, the switching device 1413 in one embodiment includes：Metal-oxide-semiconductor Qx3, resistance Rx23, resistance
The grid of Rx31 and capacitance Cx17, metal-oxide-semiconductor Qx3, one end of one end of resistance Rx23 and capacitance Cx17 and switching device
First input port connect, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Qx3, the other end of resistance Rx23, capacitance Cx17 the other end and resistance
One end of Rx31 is connect with the second input port of switching device 1413, and the other end of resistance Rx31 is connect with P- electrodes, this is opened
The output port for closing device 1413 is connect with the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Qx3.
With reference to shown in figure 18, the energy storage device 1414 in one embodiment includes：Capacitance Cx15, capacitance Cx14 and capacitance
Ex4, resistance Rx16, inductance Tx1, one end of input port and capacitance Cx15 that energy storage device 134 is connect with switching device, inductance
One end of Tx1 connects, and the other end of capacitance Cx15 is connect with one end of resistance Rx16, the other end and power end of resistance Rx16,
One end connection of one end of capacitance Cx14, capacitance Ex4, the other end of inductance Tx1, the other end of capacitance Cx14, capacitance Ex4 it is another
One end connects the output port of energy storage device.
With reference to shown in 18, the charging current limiter unit 141 in the embodiment further includes unshowned periphery electricity in above-mentioned example
Road, the peripheral circuit include：Diode Dx4, diode Dx8, capacitance Ex2, capacitance Cx11, anode, the diode of diode Dx4
The anode of Dx8 is connect with one end of the output port of switching device, one end of capacitance Cx15, inductance Tx1, and diode Dx4's is negative
Pole, the cathode of diode Dx8, one end of capacitance Cx11, capacitance Ex2 one end connect with power end, the other end of capacitance Cx11,
The other end of capacitance Ex2 is connect with PG-.
When work, the poles Gate of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Qx3 of switching device 1413 receive the pwm pulse that main control module is sent, and work as pulse
For high level when, Qx3 conducting, export energy and give inductance Tx1, inductive energy storage；When pulse is low level, Qx3 ends, and noenergy is defeated
Go out, inductance Tx1 releases energy.Energy in the pwm pulse of certain frequency, output can keep stable.
With reference to shown in figure 16, in one embodiment, charging control unit 142 includes：The drive module 1421 that charges and charging
The input terminal of device 1422, charging drive module 1421 is connect with the output end GPIO8 of main control module 11, and charge drive module
1421 output end is connect with the control terminal of charging unit 1422, input terminal and the control of discharge unit 143 of charging unit 1422
Output end connection, the output end of charging unit 1422 connect with P- electrodes.
With reference to shown in figure 19, the charging drive module 1411 in one embodiment includes：Resistance R71, resistance R70, resistance
R69, resistance R40, resistance R50, resistance R41, resistance R51, triode V7, triode V1, triode V14, diode V4, two poles
Pipe V6, diode D3, diode D4 and capacitance Cp17.
Wherein, the output end GPIO8 connections of one end of resistance R71 and main control module, the other end and resistance of resistance R71
One end of R70 and the base stage connection of triode V7, the other end ground connection of resistance R70, collector and the resistance R69 of triode V7
One end connection, the emitter ground connection of triode V7, the other end of resistance R69 and one end of resistance R40 and triode V1's
Base stage connects, and the other end of resistance R40 is connect with the cathode of the emitter of triode V1 and diode V4, the collection of triode V1
Electrode is connect with one end of diode V6, and the cathode of diode V6 is connect with one end of resistance R50, the other end of resistance R50 with
The base stage connection of one end of resistance R41, the cathode of diode D4, the anode of diode D3 and triode V14, diode D3's
Cathode is connect with one end of the emitter of triode V14 and resistance R51, the other end of resistance R41, diode D4 anode with
And the collector of triode V14 is connect with P- electrodes, and the other end of resistance R51 connects the output end of the charging driving circuit, and two
Anode, the capacitance Cp17 of pole pipe V4 accesses power supply.
When work, main control module 11 sets GPIO8 when being high level, triode V7, V1 conducting, to VCC12V by V4,
The source electrode and drain electrode of V1, V6, R50, D3 are exported to CHG1, CHG1 driving charging MOSFET conductings；Main control module exports low level
When, CHG1=0V, charging MOSFET is disconnected.
With reference to shown in figure 20, the charging unit 1422 in one embodiment includes several metal-oxide-semiconductors parallel with one another, Figure 20
Example is only a kind of illustrative explanation, is needed in conjunction with actual techniques, the number of metal-oxide-semiconductor in parallel can be other numbers.
In shown in Figure 20, which includes：Diode V2, resistance R31, resistance R49, resistance R57, resistance
R58, resistance R59, resistance R60, resistance R61, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q13, metal-oxide-semiconductor
Q16, and the capacitance C72 and capacitance C43 that are connected in parallel between input terminal and output end.
Wherein, one end of resistance R31, the cathode of diode V2, one end of resistance R49, one end of resistance R57, resistance R58
One end, one end of resistance R59, one end of resistance R60, resistance R61 one end connect with the control terminal of the charging unit, resistance
The other end of R49 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, and the other end of resistance R57 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, and resistance R58's is another
One end is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, and the other end of resistance R59 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, the other end of resistance R60 with
The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q13 connects, and the other end of resistance R61 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q16.
The other end of resistance R31, the anode of diode V2, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9
Source electrode, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q13, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q16 source electrode connect with P- electrodes, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4,
It the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q13, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q16 and fills
The output end of electric installation connects.
With reference to shown in figure 16, the control of discharge unit 143 in one embodiment includes：Drive module 1431 of discharging and electric discharge
Device 1432, wherein the input terminal of electric discharge drive module 1431 is connect with the output end GPIO9 of main control module 11, electric discharge driving
The output end of module 1431 is connect with the control terminal of electric discharge device 1432, and the input terminal of electric discharge device 1432 is connect with B- electrodes,
The output end of electric discharge device 1432 is connect with P- electrodes.
With reference to shown in figure 21, the electric discharge drive module 1431 in one embodiment includes：Resistance R44, resistance R45, resistance
R80, resistance R27, resistance R42, resistance R43, diode V4, triode V22, triode V9, triode V15, triode V21,
And capacitance Cp17.
One end of resistance R44 is connect with the output end GPIO9 of main control module 11, and the other end of resistance R44 is with resistance R45's
The base stage of one end and triode V22 connect, and the other end ground connection of resistance R45, the collector of triode V22 is with triode V9's
One end connection of base stage, resistance R80, the other end of resistance R80 and one end of resistance R27, one end of resistance R42 and diode
The cathode of V4 connects, the collector of triode V9 and the other end of resistance R27, the base stage of triode V15 and triode V21
Base stage connects, and the other end of resistance R42 connect with the collector of triode V15, the emitter of triode V15, triode V21
Emitter is connect with resistance R43, the collector of triode V21, the emitter of triode V22, triode V9 emitter ground connection,
The anode of diode V4, one end of capacitance Cp17 access power supply, the other end ground connection of capacitance Cp17.
With reference to shown in figure 22, the electric discharge device 1432 in one embodiment includes several metal-oxide-semiconductors parallel with one another, Figure 22
It is to be illustrated by taking 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors in parallel as an example, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the example is only a kind of act in shown
Example property explanation, needs, the number of metal-oxide-semiconductor in parallel can be other numbers in conjunction with actual techniques.
As shown in figure 22, in this example, electric discharge device 1432 includes：Resistance R38, resistance R31, resistance R56, resistance
R74, resistance R55, resistance R73, resistance R76, diode V3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10, metal-oxide-semiconductor
Q12, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q14, at least one diode being connected in parallel between input terminal and output end and capacitance C51 and capacitance
C52。
One end of resistance R38, the cathode of diode V3, one end of resistance R31, one end of resistance R56, resistance R74 one
End, one end of resistance R55, one end of resistance R73, resistance R76 one end connect with the control terminal of the electric discharge device 1432, resistance
The other end of R31 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, and the other end of resistance R56 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, and resistance R74's is another
One end is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, and the other end of resistance R55 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10, the other end of resistance R73 with
The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q12 connects, and the other end of resistance R76 is connect with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q14.
The other end of resistance R38, the anode of diode V3, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8
The input terminal connection of source electrode, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q12, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q14 and electric discharge device, metal-oxide-semiconductor
The drain electrode of Q3, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q12, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q14
Drain electrode is connect with the output end of electric discharge device 1432.
With reference to shown in figure 16, the charge-discharge control circuit in one embodiment can also include：The external access of identification is filled
Electric appliance, output charger voltage signal and control based on the main control unit is not when the charger meets charging requirement
The charging voltage detection unit 145 of the charger is shielded, charging voltage detection unit 145 is connect with main control module 11.
Battery management system currently on the market, total voltage (the load end electricity after protection MOSFET or relay
Pressure) it can not acquire, it is therefore desirable to end product, such as controller or charger go to monitor, and efficiency substantially reduces.And load end
Efficiency not only can be improved by BMS systems itself acquisition in voltage, moreover it is possible to improve the safety coefficient of BMS systems.It is examined by charging voltage
Unit 145 is surveyed, can first judge whether external environment is safe before carrying out charge and discharge, carries out conducting main circuit if safety
The charge and discharge of next step is electrically operated.
The electrical block diagram of main control module in one example is as shown in figure 23, which includes master control list
Member 1101, crystal oscillator unit 1102 and reset unit 1103, main control unit 1101 connect with crystal oscillator unit 1102 and reset unit 1103
It connects.Those skilled in the art can the main control module can also realize in other way.
In one embodiment, which can also include：Photosensitive sensing module (not shown), it is photosensitive
The connection of the output end and main control module of sensing module.The photosensitive sensing module, and will to the closed state that perceives battery case
The status signal of the battery case perceived notifies main control module, the control action responded by main control module.One implementation
In example, which can realize that when being opened such as battery cartridge, extraneous light enters battery by photo resistance
The resistance value of box, photo resistance changes (resistance value of such as photo resistance becomes smaller), then provides signal to main control module, master control
After module receives the signal, alarm.
Light perception can acquire light intensity by photo resistance GL5516, can set, resistance value is less than when light is bright
10k is more than 200k when dark, after resistance changes, the voltage into the channels main control unit ADC5 also changes, so as to root
It is scaled actual resistance value according to voltage, judges whether light intensity, identification battery pack are dismantled without reason.
Alarm can use any possible type of alarm, such as audible alarm.Audible alarm can realize by buzzer, decibel
>=85dB, after being in an emergency (failure that can not restore occurs in battery management system, for example MOSFET is damaged short circuit)
The pulse that main control module sends certain frequency by port GPIO5 realizes alarm to buzzer.
In one embodiment, which can also include：Motion perception module (not shown), movement
The connection of the output end and main control module of sensing module.The motion perception module, and will to the motion state that perceives battery case
The signal transmission of the motion state perceived is to main control module.If the motion state of battery case is static, main control module
Corresponding energy conservation measure can be taken, corresponding functional unit is closed, main control unit and intelligent object is such as made to enter dormant state.
Wherein, each independent functional unit block can be opened and closed by master control module controls, ensure without using the case where decline
Low power supply power consumption for a long time when not in use can close battery management system.
Motion perception module completes the identification of battery pack vibrating state, can be realized by 6 axis movement sensor MPU-6881
The acquisition of vibrating state data, main control module pass through I2C buses read sensing data and are differentiated, if being determined as shaking
Enter working condition with regard to waking up main control module and ICM units.
In one embodiment, it may include there is acceleration transducer in the motion perception module, acceleration transducer, which has, calls out
Awake function.When the acceleration detected>When 0.4g, 12 feet (INT) of IC2 generate high level, and it is vertical that main control module receives interruption
It responds, is suspend mode under stationary state, ICM modules use work/suspend mode, per 1min transmission datas when work, put down
Equal power consumption 5V/275mA, using maintaining heartbeat packet, average power consumption 5V/6mA when suspend mode.
In one embodiment, which can also include：Locating module (not shown).Locating module
Output end connect with main control module.The locating module can integrate GPS positioning function and Big Dipper positioning to measure predefined parameter
Function, predefined parameter include but not limited to the parameters such as position, speed, the range ability of battery.
In one embodiment, which can also include：Intelligent communication module (ICM modules), intelligence are logical
Letter module is connect with main control module, to transmission data, the working condition of master control module controls intelligent communication module.One implementation
Example in, the intelligent communication module may include UART communication units, GPRS/GSM mobile comm units, 3G/4G/5G communication units,
At least one of Bluetooth communication (such as bluetooth 4.0) unit.It can be convenient for short-range communication by bluetooth 4.0.Carrying out user's knowledge
After not, user data can be transmitted by intelligent communication module, the user data of transmission includes but is not limited to：User ID, Mei Ge electricity
The electric current etc. of core ID, battery pack ID, the voltage of battery core, capacity, temperature, system.
User data can be transmitted to any possible position, can be by each battery core if battery pack is once coming into operation
Data upload to high in the clouds in real time, and real-time storage is analyzed in real time, and battery core operating status is very clear, is brought greatly to subsequent classification
It is convenient；Moreover, moreover it is possible to provide high in the clouds predictability security warning and maintenance by the analysis of real time data.
In one embodiment, which may include having auto upgrading module (not shown), can be at this
Control software is stored in the chip of auto upgrading module, can be safeguarded from high in the clouds with OTA technologies based on the control software
And upgrading.Above-mentioned intelligent communication module can be realized and electricity under the unified management of the controller GD32F103RCT6 of main control module
Pond manages UART communications, GPRS/GSM mobile communication, GPS/BeiDou positioning, BT4.0 short-range communications, the OTA upgradings of system
Function.
In the battery management system of the present embodiment, main control module can complete the intelligent control function of the battery management system,
Including audible alarm, light perception, motion perception, CAN communication, FRAM storages and ICM units.
Wherein, CAN communication may include CAN controller MCP2515, isolator ADUM1201, CAN driver
PCA82C250T is formed, and by spi bus, (CS is chip selection signal to main control module, and MOSI arrives for main control module with CAN controller
The data output signal of CAN units, MISO be CAN units to the data output signal of main control module, SCLK is clock signal) friendship
Mutual data realize the reception and transmission of data, the control command and answer that CAN communication uploads of battery group status data, reception issue
With the local upgrade of software.
FRAM storages can be completed by MB85RC04V, and memory capacity can be 4k, and communication modes can be I2C is communicated, main control module
By battery pack ID, protection threshold configuration data (cross such as pressure gate sill=4.200V, under-voltage threshold=3.000V, overcurrent threshold=
80A, short-circuit threshold=200A, excess temperature threshold=60 DEG C), abnormal data (over-pressed, under-voltage, overcurrent, short circuit, excess temperature such as occurs
Protect the moment electric current, voltage, temperature data), SOC offset datas, offset data (such as current sample offset, handle signal
Offset, B+/B- offsets, P+/P- offsets) it is saved in the memory, convenient for the Life cycle tracking of battery pack, data
Analysis；
ICM units may include that bluetooth communication, GSM communications, GPS/BD positioning, FLASH storages, bluetooth communication are completed without GSM
Mobile phone short distance data transmission under signal condition, mainly instruct (such as car locking/solution vehicle) issue with low volume data (such as SOC,
Battery status) upload, GSM communication undertake main communication task, all data of battery pack are uploaded into high in the clouds, for high in the clouds
The life search of big data analysis and battery, while data are also received to main control unit, battery pack position is realized in GPS/BD positioning
Acquisition, FLASH storages are main to complete OTA upgradings, includes the software upgrading of Auxiliary Control Element and main control unit.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, in one embodiment, which can also include：Power module 15.The power supply
Module is to generate different power supply signals, in one embodiment, can be used to generate 6 different power supply signals, respectively
PWR1-12V、PWR2-5V、PWR3-5V、PWR4-3.3V、PWR5-3.3V、PWR6-12V。
Wherein, the anode of PWR1-12V is connected to P+ electrodes (the battery management system use control of the present embodiment of battery pack
Cathode processed, therefore P+ electrodes are identical as B+ electrodes), negative terminal is connected to the P- electrodes of battery pack, uses LM5008 power voltage step down cores
Battery voltage decompression is 12V power supplys by piece, to be powered with the circuit that P- electrodes are ground, in one embodiment, is powered to it
Circuit include：Power signal input unit, power signal output unit in power signal processing circuit and the first light
The PWM controller electricity of charging current limiter unit in coupling isolation module and the second light-coupled isolation module and charge-discharge control circuit
Road.The anode of PWR2-5V is connected to the P+ electrodes of battery pack, and negative terminal is connected to B- electrodes, will using H6201 power voltage step down chips
Battery voltage decompression is 5V power supplys, be ICM units, PWR3, PWR4, PWR5, is followed with the amplifier that B- is ground, audible alarm etc.
Circuit provides power supply；PWR3-5V anodes are connected to PWR2-5V OUT terminals, and negative terminal is connected to B- electrodes, which can be
B0505S-1WR2 power isolation modules provide isolated power supply for CAN communication.PWR4-3.3V anodes are connected to PWR2-5V OUT
End, negative terminal is connected to B- electrodes, and using low pressure difference linear voltage regulator HT7533-2, circuit provides 3.3V power supplys in order to control, specifically
Including：Main control unit, isolating device, motion perception, CAN controller, FRAM storages etc..PWR5-3.3V anodes are connected to PWR2-
5V OUT terminals, negative terminal are connected to B- electrodes, using power reference chip REF3033, to the analog sampling in signal acquisition circuit
Circuit provides Precision reference power supply, such as light Acquisition Circuit, the ADC of temperature detecting unit and main control module, DAC circuit.
PWR6-12V anodes are connected to the P+ electrodes of battery pack, and negative terminal is connected to the B- electrodes of battery pack, uses 100V high input voltages
Linear voltage regulator TPS7A4001 generates 12V power supplys, powers to MOSFET driving units.
Total voltage of the current battery management system after overprotection MOSFET or relay can not acquire, therefore need
End product, such as controller or charger is wanted to go to monitor, efficiency substantially reduces.And the battery management system based on the present embodiment
Efficiency not only can be improved by BMS systems itself acquisition in system, battery pack and load voltage, moreover it is possible to improve the safety system of BMS systems
Number, first judges whether external environment is safe before carrying out charge and discharge, and main circuit will be connected if safety and carry out filling for next step
Discharge operation.
In addition, being usually to go to complete by entire car controller for the control of vehicle, when power supply unit such as power battery goes out
When existing temperature drift or low capacity, inform that controller realizes downrating by CAN bus communication, among these if there is
Downrating is improper, will result in excess temperature or cross put, BMS systems can direct cut-off energy source, vehicle stop power,
Vehicle casts anchor.And the battery management system based on the present embodiment, by power input signal (such as electric Hall handle to rub) input
To battery management system, is exported to controller after system processing, this risk can be substantially reduced.
In addition, existing battery management system also only resides within the realization of basic function, this cannot meet instantly completely
Demand to Products protection, can not prevent product from arbitrarily being dismantled.Battery management system based on the present embodiment, passes through
The intelligent sensings functions such as light perception, acceleration perception are added to, can effectively identify the state of product.
Contain a fairly large number of battery core in the battery pack to come into operation at present, substantially at 100 or more, every battery core is not
The voltage that same time is presented has difference, can be done and be sorted out according to the parameter of battery core after resigning from office above electric vehicle, these works
It is required for manually going to handle, causes the prodigious wasting of resources；And battery core is in use, and the safety of all battery cores is only
It goes to realize by BMS systems, security risk is higher.Battery management system based on the present embodiment, collects in battery management system
At ICM (Intelligent Communication Module) unit, battery pack is once coming into operation, just by each electricity
Core data upload to high in the clouds in real time, and real-time storage is analyzed in real time, and battery core operating status is very clear, and pole is brought to subsequent classification
Convenience；Moreover, moreover it is possible to provide high in the clouds predictability security warning and maintenance by the analysis of real time data.
Battery management system in each embodiment as described above can be applied to any required skill to battery set management
Art scene, such as can be applied to battery-operated motor cycle, to realize the management to the lithium battery group of battery-operated motor cycle.
Each technical characteristic of above example can be combined arbitrarily, to keep description succinct, not to above-described embodiment
In each technical characteristic it is all possible combination be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics be not present lance
Shield is all considered to be the range of this specification record.
The several embodiments of the application above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, under the premise of not departing from the application design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the application
Range.Therefore, the protection domain of the application patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of battery management system, which is characterized in that including：Battery pack, main control module acquire and export the letter of acquisition signal
Number Acquisition Circuit controls the power signal processing circuit of power motor working condition, and the charging and discharging state of control battery pack
Charge-discharge control circuit, the main control module and the signal acquisition circuit, the power signal processing circuit and described fill
Charge/discharge control circuit connects, signal acquisition circuit, the power signal processing circuit and institute described in the master control module controls
State the working condition of charge-discharge control circuit.
2. battery management system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal acquisition circuit includes：It supervises front end
Survey unit, and N number of battery core connecting pin for connecting each single battery core in battery pack, N at least covers two kinds of different voltages
The number of single battery core included by battery pack；
The front end monitoring unit has transmission control terminal, electrical signal and N number of battery core voltage acquisition end；The master control
Module has transmission controlled end and electric signal input end；N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage
Collection terminal, the transmission control terminal connect the transmission controlled end, and the electrical signal connects the electric signal input end.
At least one of 3. battery management system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in including following items：
First item：
The signal acquisition circuit further includes：The first temperature detecting unit for detecting BMS cavity temperatures, and for detecting
The second temperature detection unit of the temperature of driving switch pipe in charge-discharge control circuit, the main control module also have the first temperature
Signal input part and second temperature signal input part；The output end of first temperature detecting unit connects the main control module
The output end of first temperature signal input, the second temperature detection unit connects the second temperature signal of the main control module
Input terminal；
Section 2：
The signal acquisition circuit further includes：First voltage monitoring unit for monitoring the battery voltage, the master control
Module also has battery voltage input terminal；The first voltage monitoring unit includes that the first partial pressure unit and the first amplifier follow
Unit；First partial pressure unit has the first anode connection terminal of the anode for connecting the battery pack, for connecting
State the first cathode connecting pin and the first partial pressure output end of the cathode of battery pack；First amplifier follows unit to have the
One voltage input end and first voltage output end；The first partial pressure output end connects the first voltage input terminal, and described the
One voltage output end connects the battery voltage input terminal；
Section 3：
The signal acquisition circuit further includes：Second voltage monitoring unit for monitoring load supplying voltage, the master control mould
Block also has load supplying voltage input end；The second voltage monitoring unit includes the second partial pressure unit, linear optical coupling isolation
Unit and the second amplifier follow unit；Second partial pressure unit have for connect load anode the second anode connection terminal,
The second cathode connecting pin for connecting load negative terminal and the second partial pressure output end；The linear optical coupling isolation unit has
Divide input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal；Second amplifier follows unit to have second voltage input terminal, power supply
Connecting pin and second voltage output end；The second partial pressure output end connects the partial pressure input terminal, the linear optical coupling isolation
First output end of unit connects the second voltage input terminal, and the second output terminal of the linear optical coupling isolation unit connects institute
Power connector end is stated, the second voltage output end connects the load supplying voltage input end；
Section 4：
The front end monitoring unit includes M front end monitoring subelement, and M is positive integer；
The electrical signal of the front end monitoring unit includes the sub- electrical signal of each front end monitoring subelement, institute
The son transmission control terminal that transmission control terminal includes each front end monitoring subelement is stated, battery core voltage acquisition end includes each institute
State the sub- battery core voltage acquisition end of front end monitoring subelement；The electric signal input end of the main control module includes and each son is electric
The corresponding each sub- electric signal input end of signal output end, the transmission controlled end include and each sub- transmission control terminal point
Not corresponding each sub- transmission controlled end；
N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition end, the transmission control terminal connection
The transmission controlled end, the electrical signal connect the electric signal input end, specially：
N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively the sub- battery core voltage acquisition end of each front end monitoring subelement,
Each sub- transmission that the son transmission control terminal of each front end monitoring subelement is connected respectively the main control module is controlled
The sub- electrical signal at end, each front end monitoring subelement is connected respectively each sub- telecommunications of the main control module
Number input terminal；
Section 5：
The front end monitoring unit includes：First front end monitors subelement and the second front end monitors subelement；The signal acquisition
Circuit further includes：First hygrosensor, second temperature detector, third hygrosensor and the 4th hygrosensor；It is described
First front end monitoring subelement further includes the first temperature sensing connecting pin and second temperature detection for detecting battery pack temperature
Connecting pin, the second front end monitoring subelement further include the third temperature sensing connecting pin and the 4th temperature for detecting battery pack temperature
Degree detection connecting pin；
First temperature sensing connecting pin connects first hygrosensor, and second temperature detection connecting pin connects institute
Second temperature detector is stated, third temperature sensing connecting pin connects the third hygrosensor, and the 4th temperature is visited
It surveys connecting pin and connects the 4th hygrosensor；
First hygrosensor, second temperature detector, third hygrosensor and the 4th hygrosensor are placed respectively
In the single battery core surface that the scheduled battery core connecting pin is connected；
Section 6：
The signal acquisition circuit further includes short detection unit；
The output end of the short detection unit connects charge-discharge control circuit, and output end connects the short circuit inspection of the main control module
Survey end；
Section 7：The signal acquisition circuit further includes N-1 passive balanced units；
Each passive balanced unit all has first input end, the second input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal；
N number of battery core connecting pin is connected respectively N number of battery core voltage acquisition end, specially：
Each two adjacent battery core voltage acquisition ends in N number of battery core voltage acquisition end are passive balanced with one respectively
The first input end of unit and the connection of the second input terminal, it is corresponding adjacent with two adjacent battery core voltage acquisition ends
Two battery core connecting pins are connect with the first output end and second output terminal of the passive balanced unit respectively.
At least one of 4. battery management system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in including following items：
First item：
The signal acquisition circuit further includes：Current sampling unit, the first front end monitoring subelement also have the first sampling
Signal input part and the second sampled signal input；The current sampling unit has the first sampling end and the second sampling end；Institute
It states the first sampling end and connects first sampled signal input, first sampling end is additionally operable to connection charge and discharge control electricity
Road；Second sampling end connects second sampled signal input, and second sampling end is additionally operable to connection battery pack
Cathode；
Section 2：
The signal acquisition circuit further includes：Light-coupled isolation unit and Bus isolation unit, second front end monitor subelement
Son transmission control terminal corresponding sub- transmission controlled end in the main control module is connected by the light-coupled isolation unit, described the
The sub- electrical signal of two front ends monitoring subelement passes through corresponding in the Bus isolation unit connection main control module
Sub- electric signal input end.
5. battery management system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the charge-discharge control circuit includes：Charging limit
Unit, charging control unit and control of discharge unit are flowed, the main control module obtains battery pack temperature and is based on the battery pack
Temperature output control signal；
The main control module respectively with the control terminal of the charging current limiter unit, the control terminal of the charging control unit and
The control terminal of the control of discharge unit connects, and the input terminal of the control of discharge unit is connect by current divider with B- electrodes,
Output end is connect with the input terminal of the input terminal of the charging current limiter unit, the charging control unit, the charging current limiter list
The output end of member, the output end of the charging control unit are connect with P- electrodes.
At least one of 6. battery management system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in including following items：
First item：
The charge-discharge control circuit further includes：Identification charger access state, the output charging when detecting charger access
Device accesses the charging recognition unit of signal, and the second input terminal of the output end and the main control module of the charging recognition unit connects
It connects；
Section 2：
The charge-discharge control circuit further includes：The external charger accessed of identification, output charger voltage signal are simultaneously based on institute
The control for stating main control module shields the charging voltage detection unit of the charger when the charger does not meet charging requirement,
The charging voltage detection unit is connect with the main control module；
Section 3：
The charge-discharge control circuit further includes：Current sampling unit, the first sampling end of the current sampling unit with it is described
Control of discharge unit connects, the cathode of the second sampling end connection battery pack of the current sampling unit.
At least one of 7. battery management system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in including following items：
First item：
The charging current limiter unit includes：Switch control module, control device, switching device and energy storage device, the switch
The input terminal of control module is connect with the main control module, and the output end of the switch control module is defeated with the control device
Enter end connection, the output end of the control device is connect with the control terminal of the switching device, and the energy storage device is connected to institute
It states between the output end of control of discharge unit and the first end of the switching device, the second end connection P- electricity of the switching device
Pole；
Section 2：
The charging control unit includes：The drive module that charges and charging unit, the input terminal of the charging drive module and institute
Main control module connection is stated, the output end of the charging drive module is connect with the control terminal of the charging unit, the charging dress
The input terminal set is connect with the output end of the control of discharge unit, and the output end of the charging unit connects with the P- electrodes
It connects；
Section 3：
The control of discharge unit includes：Drive module of discharging and electric discharge device, the input terminal of the electric discharge drive module and institute
Main control module connection is stated, the output end of the electric discharge drive module is connect with the control terminal of the electric discharge device, the electric discharge dress
The input terminal set is connect with the B- electrodes, and the output end of the electric discharge device is connect with the P- electrodes.
8. battery management system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the power signal processing circuit includes：Inspection
The Key detecting signal units for surveying and exporting Key signals, are detected and the power signal input for exporting current power status signal is single
Member, receives the control signal of main control module output and the power signal that power motor working condition is controlled according to control signal exports
Unit, the main control module export the control signal, the Key according to the Key signals, the current power status signal
The output end of detecting signal unit, the output end of the power signal input unit and the power signal output unit it is defeated
Enter end to connect with the main control module respectively.
At least one of 9. battery management system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in including following items：
First item：The Key detecting signal units include：The division module of interconnection and the first light-coupled isolation module, it is described
First light-coupled isolation module exports the Key signals；
Section 2：Power signal input unit includes：The the second linear optical coupling isolation module and the first amplifier being connected with each other follow
Module, first amplifier follow module to export the current power status signal；
Section 3：The power signal output unit includes：The third linear light-coupled isolation module and the second amplifier of interconnection
Module, the input terminal of the third light-coupled isolation module is followed to receive the control signal of the main control module output.
At least one of 10. battery management system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in including following items：
First item：Battery management system further includes：Perceive the photosensitive sensing module of the closed state of battery case, photosensitive sensing module
Output end and main control module connection；
Section 2：Battery management system further includes：To perceive battery case motion state motion perception module, motion perception
The connection of the output end and main control module of module；
Section 3：Battery management system further includes：To measure the locating module of predefined parameter, the output end of the locating module
It is connect with main control module, the predefined parameter includes but not limited to battery location, speed, range ability；
Section 4：Battery management system further includes：To the intelligent communication module of transmission data, intelligent communication module and the master
It controls module to connect, the working condition of intelligent communication module described in the master control module controls；
Section 5：Battery management system further includes：Generate the power module of power supply signal.
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