CN110148987B

CN110148987B - Battery management system

Info

Publication number: CN110148987B
Application number: CN201910476550.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈安平; 王晓闽; 刘政; 胡孟贤
Original assignee: Changsha Une Electric Driving System Co ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Une Electric Driving System Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-03
Filing date: 2019-06-03
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-03
Also published as: CN110148987A

Abstract

The application relates to a battery management system, which comprises a power supply module, a main control unit and a basic working module, wherein the power supply module comprises a voltage reduction unit, a voltage comparison switch unit, a first voltage division unit, a second voltage division unit and an output unit; the voltage reduction unit is connected with the battery and is connected with a first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit through the first voltage division unit, a second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit is connected with the battery through the second voltage division unit, an output end of the voltage comparison switch unit is connected with the output unit, and the output unit is connected with the main control unit and the basic working module; the voltage comparison switch unit is switched on when the voltage of the second input end is greater than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit outputs the voltage to the main control unit and the basic working module, and the voltage comparison switch unit is switched off when the voltage of the second input end is less than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit does not output the voltage. By adopting the method and the device, the power consumption can be reduced, and the electric quantity of the battery is prevented from being dead.

Description

Battery management system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of power electronics technologies, and in particular, to a battery management system.

Background

In the field of electronic technology, a battery management system is a system for performing safety protection and charging and discharging management on a battery pack, and generally includes a main control unit, a power supply module, and other basic working modules, such as a module for detecting battery information and a module for controlling charging and discharging. The power module is connected with the direct current output by the battery, and outputs the direct current to other working modules such as the main control unit for power supply after voltage reduction and the like of the direct current.

The conventional power module generally adjusts the voltage of the input voltage and outputs the adjusted voltage to the working module of the battery management system, so that the output voltage meets the working requirement of the battery management system. However, since the power supply of the battery management system is directly taken from the battery, the battery management system has static power consumption as long as the battery management system is in an operating state, and when the battery is consumed by the static power consumption of the battery management system for a long time, the battery is dead and cannot be recovered, and particularly when the battery is already in a low power level, the situation is more remarkable.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a battery management system that can reduce power consumption.

A battery management system comprises a power supply module, a main control unit and a basic working module, wherein the power supply module comprises a voltage reduction unit, a voltage comparison switch unit, a first voltage division unit, a second voltage division unit and an output unit, and the voltage comparison switch unit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end;

the voltage reduction unit is connected with a battery and is connected with a first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit through the first voltage division unit, a second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit is connected with the battery through the second voltage division unit, an output end of the voltage comparison switch unit is connected with the output unit, and the output unit is connected with the main control unit and the basic working module;

the voltage comparison switch unit is switched on when the voltage of the second input end is greater than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit outputs the voltage to the main control unit and the basic working module, and the voltage comparison switch unit is switched off when the voltage of the second input end is less than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit does not output the voltage.

In the power management system, the voltage reduction unit is connected to the voltage of the battery, performs voltage reduction processing on the voltage of the battery, and outputs the voltage to the first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit through the first voltage division unit, and the voltage of the battery is output to the second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit through the second voltage division unit; the voltage comparison switch unit is switched on when the voltage of the second input end is greater than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit outputs the voltage to the main control unit and the basic working module, and the voltage comparison switch unit is switched off when the voltage of the second input end is less than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit does not output the voltage, and the power supply is cut off. Therefore, normal power supply can be realized when the voltage of the battery is higher, and the power supply can be cut off when the voltage of the battery is lower, so that the power consumption caused by continuous work under the low-voltage state of the battery is avoided, the power consumption can be reduced, and the power consumption of the battery is avoided being dead.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage reduction unit in an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first voltage divider, a second voltage divider, and a voltage comparison switch in an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an output unit in one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic of a charger detection circuit in one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a circuit schematic of a load detection circuit in one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to another embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a circuit schematic of a low side sampling circuit and an equalization circuit in one embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a circuit schematic of a high side sampling circuit and an equalization circuit in one embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a partial configuration of a battery management system according to still another embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charge and discharge switch circuit in one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of a first charge-discharge driving circuit and a second charge-discharge driving circuit according to an embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a circuit schematic of an audible prompting module in one embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a schematic circuit diagram of a heating module in one embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a battery management system is provided, which includes a power module 10, a main control unit 20, and a basic operation module 30, where the power module 10 includes a voltage step-down unit 11, a first voltage division unit 12, a second voltage division unit 13, a voltage comparison switch unit 14, and an output unit 15, and the voltage comparison switch unit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first connection end and the second connection end are respectively one of the input end and the output end, for example, the first connection end may be the input end, and the second connection end may be the output end. The voltage reduction unit 11 is connected with the battery and is connected with a first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 through the first voltage division unit 12, a second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is connected with the battery through the second voltage division unit 13, an output end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is connected with the output unit 15, and the output unit 15 is connected with the main control unit 20 and the basic working module 30. Specifically, the voltage reducing unit 11 is connected to the cell positive electrode and the cell negative electrode of the battery, and the second voltage dividing unit 13 is connected to the cell positive electrode and the cell negative electrode of the battery.

The voltage comparison switch unit 14 is turned on when the voltage of the second input terminal is greater than the voltage of the first input terminal, so that the output unit 15 outputs the voltage to the main control unit 20 and the basic working module 30, and the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is turned off when the voltage of the second input terminal is less than the voltage of the first input terminal, so that the output unit 15 does not output the voltage. The voltage reduction unit 11 is connected to the voltage output by the battery, and divides the voltage of the connected voltage by the first voltage division unit 12 and outputs the divided voltage to the first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14; that is, the voltage at the first input terminal of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is equal to the voltage divided by the first voltage dividing unit 12 from the voltage outputted by the voltage decreasing unit 11. The voltage at the second input terminal of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is equal to the voltage obtained by dividing the voltage output by the battery by the second voltage dividing unit 13.

In the power management system, the voltage reducing unit 11 is connected to the voltage of the battery, performs voltage reduction processing on the voltage, and outputs the voltage to the first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 through the first voltage dividing unit 12, and the voltage of the battery is output to the second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 through the second voltage dividing unit 13; the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is turned on when the voltage of the second input end is greater than the voltage of the first input end, which indicates that the voltage output by the battery is higher, the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is turned on to enable the output unit 15 to output voltage to the main control unit 20 and the basic working module 30, the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is turned off when the voltage of the second input end is less than the voltage of the first input end, which indicates that the voltage output by the battery is lower, and the voltage comparison switch unit 14 is turned off to enable the output unit 15 not to output voltage, so that the power supply is cut off. Therefore, normal power supply can be realized when the voltage of the battery is higher, and the power supply can be cut off when the voltage of the battery is lower, so that the power consumption caused by continuous work under the low-voltage state of the battery is avoided, the power consumption can be reduced, and the power consumption of the battery is avoided being dead.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the voltage reduction unit 11 includes a voltage-dividing stabilizing circuit 111 and a linear regulator 112. Specifically, the voltage-dividing stabilizing circuit 111 includes a resistor R18, a resistor R58, a resistor R59, a resistor R64, a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q12, a diode D16, a diode D15, and a filter capacitor C33. Specifically, the linear regulator 112 may include a linear regulator chip U18, a diode D18, and a capacitor C24.

The resistor R18 and the resistor R58 are connected in series, the common end of the resistor R18 is connected with the input end of the switching tube Q7 and the input end of the switching tube Q12, the other end of the resistor R18 after series connection is connected with the battery cell anode B +, and the other end of the resistor R58 after series connection is connected with the control end of the switching tube Q7 and the cathode of the diode D16; the anode of the diode D16 is connected to the cell cathode of the battery, i.e., the ground terminal shown in fig. 2 is connected to the cell cathode of the battery. The output end of the switch tube Q7 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q12, the resistor R59 is connected with the resistor R64 in series, the common end of the resistor R64 is connected with the cathode of the diode D15 and one end of the filter capacitor C33, the other end of the resistor R59 is connected with the output end of the switch tube Q12 after series connection, and the other end of the resistor R64 after series connection is connected with the linear voltage stabilizing chip U18; the anode of the diode D15 and the other end of the filter capacitor C33 are connected with the cathode of the battery core. The linear voltage stabilizing chip U18 is further connected to a negative electrode of the battery cell, a negative electrode of the diode D18, and one end of the capacitor C24, and is connected to the voltage comparison switch unit 14 through the first voltage dividing unit 12, specifically, connected to the first voltage dividing unit 12 through the PWR 1; the anode of the diode D18 and the other end of the capacitor C24 are connected with the cathode of the battery core.

The voltage of the battery is divided by a resistor R18 and a resistor R58, a diode D16 is used for voltage stabilization, the voltage is output to a linear voltage stabilization chip U18 by a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q12, a resistor R59 and a resistor R64, voltage stabilization is performed by the diode D15, filtering is performed by a filter capacitor C33, the voltage output to the linear voltage stabilization chip U18 is subjected to voltage division and voltage stabilization, voltage stabilization is performed by a linear voltage stabilization chip U18, and meanwhile, the diode D18 and a capacitor C24 are adopted for processing, so that the stability of the voltage output by the voltage reduction unit 11 is good.

In one embodiment, as in fig. 3, the voltage comparison switching unit 14 includes a voltage comparator U15 and a switching circuit; the first input end of the voltage comparator U15 is used as the first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14, the second input end of the voltage comparator U15 is used as the second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14, the output end of the voltage comparator U15 is connected with the control end of the switch circuit, the input end of the switch circuit is connected with the voltage reduction unit 11 and the battery, and the output end of the switch circuit is used as the output end of the voltage comparison switch unit 14 and is connected with the output unit 15.

The input end of the switch circuit is used for connecting voltage, the voltage reduction unit 11 is used for providing voltage for the input end of the switch circuit, and the battery provides an on/off source. Specifically, the voltage comparator U15 outputs a first level when the voltage input at the second input terminal is greater than the voltage input at the first input terminal, the first level turning on the switching circuit, so that the entire voltage comparison switching unit 14 is in a conducting state; the voltage comparator U15 outputs a second level when the voltage inputted from the second input terminal is smaller than the voltage inputted from the first input terminal, and the second level turns off the switching circuit, so that the entire voltage comparison switching unit 14 is in an off state. The first level and the second level are respectively one of a high level and a low level, specifically, the first level is a high level, and the second level is a low level. Therefore, the battery can be switched on when the output voltage of the battery is higher and switched off when the output voltage of the battery is lower, continuous power consumption of low voltage is avoided, and power consumption is reduced.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the first voltage dividing unit 12 includes a resistor R117, a resistor R122, a capacitor C14, a resistor R125, a resistor R120, and a switching tube Q10; the resistor R117 and the resistor R122 are connected in series, a common end of the resistor R117 is connected to a first input end of the voltage comparator U15, and the other end of the resistor R117 after being connected in series is connected to the voltage step-down unit 11, which may be specifically a linear regulator chip U18 in fig. 2 connected through a PWR1 end; the other end of the resistor R122 is connected with the cathode of the battery cell after being connected in series, and the capacitor C14 is connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R122. One end of the resistor R125 is connected with the output end of the voltage comparator U15, the other end of the resistor R125 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q10, the input end of the switch tube Q10 is connected with the first input end of the voltage comparator U15 through the resistor R120, and the output end of the switch tube Q10 is connected with the cathode of the battery core. Specifically, when the output terminal of the voltage comparator U15 outputs the first level, the switching tube Q10 is turned on, and the voltage output from the voltage reduction unit 11 through the PWR1 is divided by the resistor R120 in addition to the resistor R122. When the output terminal of the voltage comparator U15 outputs the second level, the switching tube Q10 is turned off, and the voltage reduction unit 11 divides the voltage output from the PWR1 terminal through the resistor R122. In this way, by controlling the resistor R120 to participate in voltage division or not, the voltage values input to the first input terminal of the voltage comparator U15 are different, that is, the comparison reference values of the voltage at the second input terminal are different, so that the voltage thresholds for the voltage comparator U15 to output the first level and the voltage comparator U15 to output the second level are different, that is, the voltage thresholds for turning on and off the switch circuit are different. Thus, frequent transition of the switching circuit due to small amplitude variation of the voltage can be prevented.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the second voltage divider 13 includes a resistor R113, a resistor R116, and a capacitor C13; the resistor R113 and the resistor R116 are connected in series, the common end of the resistor R113 is connected with the second input end of the voltage comparator U15, the other end of the resistor R113 is connected with the battery cell anode B + after series connection, the other end of the resistor R116 is connected with the battery cell cathode after series connection, and the capacitor C13 is connected to the two ends of the resistor R116 in parallel. The potential of the first electrode of the external battery cell is higher than that of the second electrode of the external battery cell. That is, the ground terminal shown in fig. 3 is denoted as a cell negative electrode. The structure of the first voltage division unit 12 and the second voltage division unit 13 in the embodiment is adopted to realize voltage division, and the structure is simple.

In one embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 3, the switching circuit includes a first switch sub-circuit 1411 and a second switch sub-circuit 1412. The control end of the first switch sub-circuit 1411 is used as the control end of the switch circuit and is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator U15; the input end of the switch circuit comprises the input end of a first switch sub-circuit 1411 and the input end of a second switch sub-circuit 1412, the input end of the first switch sub-circuit 1411 is connected with the voltage reduction unit 11, and the input end of the second switch sub-circuit 1412 is connected with the battery cell anode B +; the output terminal of the first switch sub-circuit 1411 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch sub-circuit 1412, and the output terminal of the second switch sub-circuit 1412 serves as the output terminal of the switch circuit and is connected to the output unit 15. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the input terminal of the first switch sub-circuit 1411 is connected to the linear regulator chip U18 in fig. 2 through the PWR1 terminal. By adopting two switch sub-circuits, the on-off switching is carried out according to the first level and the second level output by the voltage comparator U15, so that the output or non-output of the output unit 15 is controlled, and the switch control stability is good.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first switch sub-circuit 1411 includes a resistor R124, a resistor R119, a resistor R111, a switch Q6, and a switch Q8. One end of the resistor R124 serves as a control end of the first switch sub-circuit 1411, and is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator U15; the other end of the resistor R124 is connected to the control end of the switching tube Q6. The input end of the switching tube Q6 is connected with the control end of the switching tube Q8 through a resistor R119, and the output end of the switching tube Q6 is connected with the cathode of the battery core. The input end of the switching tube Q8 is used as the input end of the first switch sub-circuit 1411 and is connected to the voltage dropping unit 11, the common end of the switching tube Q8 is connected to one end of the resistor R111, the other end of the resistor R111 is connected to the control end of the switching tube Q8, and the output end of the switching tube Q8 is used as the output end of the first switch sub-circuit 1411 and is connected to the control end of the second switch sub-circuit 1412.

Referring to fig. 3, the circuit structure of the second switch sub-circuit 1412 may be similar to that of the first switch sub-circuit 1411, and is not repeated herein. Specifically, the output terminal of the switching tube Q20 is connected to the output unit 15 through the OUT terminal. Referring to fig. 3, the voltage output from the output terminal (pin 1) of the voltage comparator U15 is sent to the switching tube Q6 through the resistor R124, and then sent to the switching tube Q11 after being processed by the switching tube Q8, the resistor R119, the resistor R111, and the resistor R112. When the switching tube Q11 is switched on, the voltage output by the battery cell anode B + is divided by the resistor R126 and the resistor R127, so that the switching tube Q20 is switched on; when the switching tube Q11 is not turned on, the voltage output by the battery cell anode B + cannot be divided by the resistor R126 and the resistor R127, so that the switching tube Q20 can be turned off.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the output unit 15 includes a DC-DC voltage reduction circuit 151 and a voltage stabilization circuit 152; the DC-DC voltage reduction circuit 151 comprises a voltage reduction chip U14 and peripheral circuits, wherein the peripheral circuits comprise a capacitor C16, a capacitor C106, a resistor R202, a diode D31, a capacitor C104, a diode D14, a resistor R205, a resistor R204, a resistor R206, a resistor R207, a switching tube Q38, a capacitor C103, a resistor R203, a diode D10, an inductor L4, a capacitor C102 and a capacitor C105. As shown in fig. 4, the voltage stabilizing circuit 152 includes a voltage stabilizing chip U10 and peripheral circuits including a capacitor C101, a capacitor C81, a resistor R193, a capacitor C65 and a capacitor C80. The DC-DC voltage reducing circuit 151 is connected to the voltage comparison switch unit 14 and the voltage stabilizing circuit 152, and the voltage stabilizing circuit 152 is connected to the main control unit 20 and the base operating module 30. The DC-DC voltage reduction circuit 151 further reduces the voltage output by the voltage comparison switch unit 14, and can reduce the high-input voltage to a low ripple output voltage; the voltage output by the DC-DC voltage reduction circuit 151 is filtered by the capacitor C101 and the capacitor C81 and then provided to the voltage stabilization chip U10, and the voltage output by the voltage stabilization chip U10 after processing is filtered by the capacitor C65 and the capacitor C80 to obtain a precise voltage, which is output to the main control unit 20 and the basic working module 30 through the PWR 3. Thus, the stability of power supply can be improved.

In one embodiment, the base work module 30 includes a cell charging and discharging information detection module, and the cell charging and discharging information detection module includes a charging and discharging device detection unit, a voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling resistor, and a front end monitoring unit. The charging and discharging equipment detection unit is connected with the main control unit 20, the output unit 15, the charging and discharging anode of the battery and the charging and discharging cathode of the battery; the charge and discharge anode is an electrode used for connecting the anode of the battery cell with one end of the charge and discharge equipment, and the charge and discharge cathode is an electrode used for connecting the cathode of the battery cell with the other end of the charge and discharge equipment. Specifically, the charging and discharging device detection unit outputs an access signal to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is connected with the charging and discharging device, and outputs a take-out signal to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is not connected with the charging and discharging device, and the main control unit obtains information that the battery core is in a charging and discharging state according to the access signal and obtains information that the battery core is in a non-charging and discharging state according to the take-out signal. The charging and discharging equipment comprises a device connected when the battery cell is charged and a device connected when the battery cell is discharged. In particular, the access signal and the fetch signal may be signals represented by levels, for example, the access signal may be low level, and correspondingly, the fetch signal may be high level; or the access signal may be high and correspondingly the take-off signal may be low. Therefore, the detection of the connection state of the battery cell and the charging and discharging equipment can be realized.

The voltage sampling circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery core, the negative electrode of the battery core and the front end monitoring unit, the current sampling resistor is connected between the negative electrode of the battery core of the battery and the charging and discharging equipment in series, the front end monitoring unit is connected with the two ends of the current sampling resistor, and the front end monitoring unit is connected with the main control unit 20. Specifically, the voltage sampling circuit is used for sampling the voltage of the battery cell and outputting a sampling signal to the front-end monitoring unit, and the front-end monitoring unit receives the sampling signal to obtain the voltage of the corresponding battery cell. The current sampling resistor is used for current sampling, and the front end monitoring unit is connected with two ends of the current sampling resistor and acquires current of a loop where the battery cell is located. Specifically, the front end monitoring unit may communicate with the main control unit 20, and the main control unit 20 reads the voltage and current collected by the front end monitoring unit, and may perform charge and discharge management according to the voltage and current. Thus, voltage detection and current detection are realized.

In one embodiment, the access signal includes a charge access signal and a discharge access signal, and the take-out signal includes a charge take-out signal and a discharge take-out signal. The charging and discharging equipment detection unit comprises a charger detection circuit and a load detection circuit, the charger detection circuit is connected with the charging and discharging anode, the charging and discharging cathode, the main control unit and the output unit of the power module, and the load detection circuit is connected with the battery core cathode of the battery, the charging and discharging cathode, the main control unit and the output unit of the power module. The charger detection circuit outputs a charging access signal to the main control unit 20 when the battery cell of the battery is connected to the charger, and outputs a charging take-out signal to the main control unit 20 when the battery cell of the battery is not connected to the charger. The load detection circuit outputs a discharge access signal to the main control unit 20 when the battery cell of the battery is connected to the load, and outputs a discharge take-out signal to the main control unit 20 when the battery cell of the battery is not connected to the load. The main control unit 20 correspondingly obtains information of the battery cell in a charging state/a non-charging state/a discharging state/a non-discharging state according to the charging access signal/the charging taking-out signal/the discharging access signal/the discharging taking-out signal.

The voltage difference between the charge and discharge anode and the charge and discharge cathode is generally affected by whether the charger is connected, for example, the voltage difference between the charge and discharge anode and the charge and discharge cathode is generally different in two different states of the battery cell being connected with the charger and not being connected with the charger. The voltage difference between the charging and discharging cathode and the cell cathode is generally affected by whether a load is connected or not. Specifically, the charger detection circuit compares the voltages of the charge and discharge anode and the charge and discharge cathode, and outputs a charge access signal or a charge extraction signal according to the comparison result; the load detection circuit compares the voltages of the charge and discharge cathode and the battery cell cathode, and outputs a discharge access signal and a discharge take-out signal according to a comparison result. So, can detect respectively the state of electric core is connected to charger and load, detection effect is good.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the charger detection circuit includes a switch Q54, a switch U20, a switch Q63, a switch Q64, a resistor R160, a resistor R262, a resistor R265, a resistor R266, and a resistor R268. The control end of the switch tube Q54 is connected with the main control unit 20, the input end of the switch tube Q54 is connected with the control output end of the switch tube U20, and the output end of the switch tube Q54 is connected with the cathode of the battery core. The control input end of the switch tube U20 is connected with a power supply input end VCC, the controlled input end of the switch tube U20 is connected with a charge-discharge anode P + sequentially through a resistor R262 and a resistor R266, namely is connected with an anode B + of the whole battery, and the controlled output end of the switch tube U20 is connected with a charge-discharge cathode P-. The common end of the resistor R262 and the resistor R266 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q63, the input end of the switch tube Q63 is connected with the charge-discharge anode through the resistor R160, and the output end of the switch tube Q63 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q64 through the resistor R262. The output end of the switching tube Q64 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell, the input end of the switching tube Q64 is connected to the output unit 15 of the power module through the resistor R268, specifically, the output unit 15 is connected through the PWR3, and the common end is used as a charging detection point CHG _ IN and connected to the main control unit 20.

When the main control unit 20 starts to detect whether the battery cell is connected to the charger, it sends a high level to the control end of the switching tube Q54, and detects the level of the charging detection point CHG _ IN, where the charging access signal is a detected low level, and the charging take-out signal is a detected high level. The main control unit 20 outputs a high level to the control end of the switching tube Q54, so that the switching tube U20 is turned on; when the charger is connected, the battery cell is charged, the voltage of the charge-discharge cathode subtracted from the voltage of the charge-discharge anode is greater than a preset threshold value, the switch tube Q63 is conducted after the resistor R160, the resistor R266 and the resistor R262 are processed, the switch tube Q64 is conducted through the resistor R265, and then the charge detection point CHG _ IN is changed into a low level; the main control unit 20 detects that the charging detection point CHG _ IN is low, i.e. it indicates that the charging access signal is received. When the charger is pulled out, the voltage of the charge and discharge anode minus the voltage of the charge and discharge cathode is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the charge detection point CHG _ IN is changed into a high level; the main control unit 20 detects that the charge detection point CHG _ IN is at a high level, i.e., it indicates that the charge extraction signal is received. Therefore, the charger detection circuit can detect the access/taking-out of the charger in real time, and the detection accuracy is high.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the charger detection circuit further includes a resistor R150 and a resistor R148, and the control end of the switching tube Q54 is connected to the main control unit 20 through the resistor R150; the control input terminal of the switching tube U20 is connected to the power input terminal VCC through a resistor R148. In this way, the operation of the switching tube U20 can be protected.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the load detection circuit includes a resistor R136, a resistor R137, a resistor R269, and a switch Q65; the resistor R13 and the resistor R137 are connected in series, the common end of the resistor R13 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q65, the other end of the resistor R136 after series connection is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the other end of the resistor R137 after series connection is connected with the charge-discharge negative electrode P-; the output end of the switching tube Q65 is connected with the cathode of the battery cell; the input terminal of the switching tube Q65 is connected to the output unit 15 through a resistor R269, and the common terminal is connected to the main control unit 20 as a discharge detection point LOAD _ DET. The main control unit 20 detects the level of the discharge detection point LOAD _ DET, the discharge access signal is a detected low level, and the discharge extraction signal is a detected high level. Specifically, when a LOAD is connected, the voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage of the cathode B-of the battery cell from the voltage of the charge-discharge cathode P-is greater than a preset threshold value, so that the switching tube Q65 is switched on, and the discharge detection point LOAD _ DET is changed into a low level; the main control unit 20 detects that the port LOAD _ DET is low, i.e. it indicates that a discharging access signal is received. When the LOAD is pulled out, the voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage of the battery cell cathode B from the voltage of the charge-discharge cathode P-is smaller than a preset threshold value, the switching tube Q65 is cut off, and the discharge detection point LOAD _ DET is changed into a high level; the main control unit 20 detects that the discharge detection point LOAD _ DET is at a high level, which indicates that a discharge extraction signal is received. Therefore, the load detection circuit can detect the access/extraction of the load in real time, and the detection accuracy is high.

In an embodiment, the number of the current sampling resistors may be multiple, the multiple current sampling resistors are connected in parallel and then connected in series between the negative electrode of the battery cell and the charging and discharging device, and two ends of the parallel current sampling resistors are respectively connected with the front end monitoring unit. In one embodiment, the battery comprises a plurality of battery cells connected end to end in series in sequence. Referring to fig. 7, the number of the front end monitoring units may be multiple, for example, the front end monitoring units include a front end monitoring unit i and a front end monitoring unit ii, the voltage sampling circuit connects the front end monitoring unit i and the front end monitoring unit ii, the front end monitoring unit i is connected to both ends of the current sampling resistor, and the front end monitoring unit i and the front end monitoring unit ii are connected to the main control unit 20. The voltage of electric current and some electricity core is gathered to front end monitoring unit I, and the voltage of another part electricity core is gathered to front end monitoring unit II, can satisfy the voltage acquisition demand of most quantity of electricity cores, convenient to use. Specifically, the Front-End monitoring unit i and the Front-End monitoring unit ii may be Front-End acquisition chips, and specifically may be AFE (Analog Front End) chips.

In one embodiment, the voltage sampling circuit may include a low side sampling circuit and a high side sampling circuit, the low side sampling circuit is connected to the front end monitoring unit i and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of cells connected in series starting from the negative electrode B- (shown in fig. 7) of the battery as a whole, and the high side sampling circuit is connected to the front end monitoring unit ii and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of cells connected in series starting from the positive electrode B + of the battery as a whole. Specifically, referring to fig. 8, the connection sequence of the low-side sampling circuit to the battery cells is sequentially from port C0 to port C15, and correspondingly, the low-side sampling circuit is connected to the front-end monitoring unit i through ports VC0 to VC15, respectively. The low side sampling circuit comprises a plurality of low side sampling sub-circuits and low side auxiliary sub-circuits, wherein the low side auxiliary sub-circuits comprise a resistor R2 connected to a port C0, a resistor R88, a capacitor C26 connected to the resistor R2 and the resistor R88, a resistor R65 connected to a port C5, a resistor R63, a capacitor C20 connected to the resistor R65 and the resistor R63, and a resistor R167 connected to the port C10, a resistor R182, and a capacitor C85 connected to the resistor R167 and the resistor R182; the first low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R6 and a capacitor C19; the second low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R9 and a capacitor C7; the third low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R13 and a capacitor C6; the fourth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R19 and a capacitor C3; the fifth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R184 and a capacitor C2; the sixth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R62 and a capacitor C17; the seventh low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R30 and a capacitor C15; the eighth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R33 and a capacitor C10; the ninth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R42 and a capacitor C23; the tenth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R185 and a capacitor C25; the eleventh low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R169 and a capacitor C84; the twelfth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R172 and a capacitor C72; the thirteenth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R175 and a capacitor C83; the fourteenth low side sampling sub-circuit comprises a resistor R178 and a capacitor C60; the fifteenth low-side sampling sub-circuit includes a resistor R181 and a capacitor C59. Taking the 1 st cell as an example: the negative electrode of the 1 st battery cell is connected to the port C0, the positive electrode of the 1 st battery cell is connected to the port C1, the voltage is filtered by the resistor R6, the resistor R88 and the capacitor C19 and then input to the front-end monitoring unit I, and the ADC in the front-end monitoring unit I acquires the voltage in real time, so that the voltage of the 1 st battery cell can be obtained; the principle of collecting the voltage of the remaining battery cells is the same, and the description thereof is omitted here.

Referring to fig. 9, the connection sequence of the high-side sampling circuit to the cells is port C16 to port C25 in sequence. The high-side sampling circuit comprises a plurality of high-side sampling sub-circuits and high-side auxiliary sub-circuits, wherein the high-side auxiliary sub-circuits comprise a resistor R218 and a resistor R272 connected to a port C15, a capacitor C73 connected between the resistor R218 and the resistor R272, and a resistor R246 and a resistor R247 connected to a port C20, and a capacitor C55 connected between the resistor R246 and the resistor R247. The structure of the high-side sampling sub-circuit is similar to that of the low-side sampling sub-circuit, and details are not described herein, for example, the first high-side sampling sub-circuit includes a resistor R219 and a resistor R217.

Further, the battery cell charging and discharging information detection module further comprises an isolation circuit, and the front end monitoring unit II is connected with the main control unit 20 through the isolation circuit. By adopting the isolation circuit, the problem that the front-end monitoring units cannot be cascaded can be solved.

In an embodiment, the battery cell charging and discharging information detection module further includes a temperature sensor (not shown), and the temperature sensor is connected to the front end monitoring unit and disposed in an environment where the battery cell is disposed. The temperature sensor collects temperature signals and sends the temperature signals to the front-end monitoring unit, and the front-end monitoring unit obtains temperature values according to the temperature signals. Specifically, the main control unit 20 may read the temperature value obtained by the front-end monitoring unit. Therefore, the temperature of the surrounding environment of the battery core can be detected, so that the main control unit 20 can perform corresponding analysis and judgment according to the temperature, and the information detection is more comprehensive.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 7, a plurality of battery cells are sequentially connected in series to form a battery, the battery cell charging and discharging information detection apparatus further includes an equalizing circuit equal to the number of the battery cells, the equalizing circuit includes an equalizing switch tube, a diode, a first resistor and a second resistor, an input end of the equalizing switch tube is connected to a positive electrode of the battery cell corresponding to the battery cell, an output end of the equalizing switch tube is connected to a negative electrode of the battery cell corresponding to the battery cell through the first resistor, a control end of the equalizing switch tube is connected to a common end connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell corresponding to the battery cell and the front end monitoring unit through the diode, and the control end of the equalizing switch tube is connected to the front end monitoring unit through the second resistor. Specifically, the front-end monitoring unit can output an equalization signal to the control end of the equalization circuit to control the equalization circuit to work, so that equalization between unbalanced cells is realized, and the purpose of energy equalization is realized. For example, referring to fig. 8, for a low-side cell, a principle description is made by taking the 1 st path of equalization circuit as an example: in the 1 st path of equalizing circuit, an equalizing switch tube is a switch tube Q34, a first resistor is a resistor R5, a second resistor is a resistor R1, and a diode is D30; switching on and turning off of switch tube Q34 is controlled by the inside equalizing register of front end monitoring unit I, and switch tube Q34 opens when opening equalizer circuit, and 1 st electricity core discharges to resistance R5, realizes the mesh of homoenergetic. It can be understood that the structures of the other equalizing circuits are the same as the structure of the equalizing circuit of the 1 st path, and refer to fig. 8 and 9, which are not described herein again.

In one embodiment, the base work module 30 further includes a cell charge and discharge control module, the cell charge and discharge control module includes a first charge and discharge driving circuit, a second charge and discharge driving circuit, and a charge and discharge switch circuit, and each of the first charge and discharge driving circuit, the second charge and discharge driving circuit, and the charge and discharge switch circuit includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, and a control terminal. The control end of the first charge-discharge driving circuit is used for being connected with the front-end monitoring unit, the first connecting end of the first charge-discharge driving circuit is used for being connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, the second connecting end of the first charge-discharge driving circuit is connected with the first connecting end of the second charge-discharge driving circuit, the control end of the second charge-discharge driving circuit is used for being connected with the main control unit 20 and the front-end monitoring unit, the second connecting end of the second charge-discharge driving circuit is connected with the control end of the charge-discharge switch circuit, the first connecting end of the charge-discharge switch circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the second connecting end of the charge-discharge switch circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the charge-discharge switch circuit.

The first charge-discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving the driving stop signal output by the front-end monitoring unit and is turned on when receiving the driving signal output by the front-end monitoring unit; the second charge-discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving the driving stop signal output by the front-end monitoring unit, or is turned off when receiving the turn-off signal output by the main control unit 20, and the second charge-discharge driving circuit is turned on when receiving the driving signal output by the front-end monitoring unit and receiving the turn-on signal output by the main control unit 20; the charge and discharge switch circuit is turned off when any one of the first charge and discharge drive circuit and the second charge and discharge drive circuit is turned off, and is turned on when the first charge and discharge drive circuit is turned on and the second charge and discharge drive circuit is turned on. The front-end monitoring unit may output a driving signal when the voltage or the current of the battery cell does not exceed the corresponding preset range, and output a driving stop signal when the voltage or the current of the battery cell exceeds the corresponding preset range. For example, the driving signal may be high level, and the driving stopping signal may be low level. The main control unit 20 may output a turn-off signal when detecting that the preset charge/discharge turn-off condition is satisfied, and output a turn-on signal when the preset charge/discharge turn-off condition is not satisfied. For example, the main control unit 20 may be a single chip, the turn-off signal may be at a high level, and the turn-on signal may be at a low level.

The first charge-discharge driving circuit and the second charge-discharge driving circuit are connected in series in the same line, and under the condition that the first charge-discharge driving circuit and the second charge-discharge driving circuit are both conducted, current flows to the control end of the charge-discharge switch circuit and then the charge-discharge switch circuit is conducted; and charge-discharge switch circuit, electric core and charge-discharge electrode connect in same circuit to charge-discharge switch circuit switches on, and then charge-discharge equipment can carry out the charge-discharge to electric core through connecting electric core, if one of them does not switch on in first charge-discharge drive circuit and the second charge-discharge drive circuit, then charge-discharge switch circuit cuts off, thereby charge-discharge equipment can't carry out the charge-discharge to electric core. First charge-discharge drive circuit is controlled by front end monitoring unit, and second charge-discharge drive circuit is controlled by front end monitoring unit and main control unit 20, so, realize one-level by main control unit 20 and turn off control, realize one-level by front end monitoring unit and turn off control, promptly: can realize the two-stage and turn off the protection, protect the charge-discharge of electric core, under emergency, can directly be by front end monitoring unit control shutoff, the shutoff is fast, and electric core protection efficiency is high.

In one embodiment, the first charge and discharge driving circuit includes a first charge driving circuit and a first discharge driving circuit, and the second charge and discharge driving circuit includes a second charge driving circuit and a second discharge driving circuit; the control end of the first charging driving circuit and the control end of the first discharging driving circuit are used for being connected with the front end monitoring unit, the first connecting end of the first charging driving circuit and the first connecting end of the first discharging driving circuit are used for being connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, the second connecting end of the first charging driving circuit is connected with the first connecting end of the second charging driving circuit, and the second connecting end of the first discharging driving circuit is connected with the first connecting end of the second discharging driving circuit; furthermore, a first connection end of the first charging driving circuit and the first discharging driving circuit is an input end, and a second connection end of the first charging driving circuit and the first discharging driving circuit is an output end. The control end of the second charging driving circuit and the control end of the second discharging driving circuit are used for connecting the main control unit 20 and the front end monitoring unit, and the second connection end of the second charging driving circuit and the second connection end of the second discharging driving circuit are connected with the control end of the charging and discharging switch circuit. Furthermore, a first connection end of the second charging driving circuit and the second discharging driving circuit is an input end, and a second connection end of the second charging driving circuit and the second discharging driving circuit is an output end.

The driving stop signal comprises a charging driving stop signal and a discharging driving stop signal, and the turn-off signal comprises a charging turn-off signal and a discharging turn-off signal; the first charging driving circuit is turned off when receiving a charging driving stopping signal output by the front end monitoring unit, the second charging driving circuit is turned off when receiving the charging driving stopping signal output by the front end monitoring unit, or the charging switching circuit is turned off when receiving a charging switching off signal output by the main control unit 20, and the charging and discharging switching circuit is turned off in the positive direction when the first charging driving circuit is turned off or the second charging driving circuit is turned off; the first discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving a discharge driving stop signal output by the front-end monitoring unit, the second discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving the discharge driving stop signal output by the front-end monitoring unit, or the second discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving a discharge turn-off signal output by the main control unit 20, and the charge and discharge switching circuit is reversely turned off when the first discharge driving circuit is turned off or the second discharge driving circuit is turned off; the first charging and discharging driving circuit is turned off when the first charging driving circuit and the first discharging driving circuit are both turned off, and the second charging and discharging driving circuit is turned off when the second charging driving circuit and the second discharging driving circuit are both turned off. If any one of the first charging driving circuit and the first discharging driving circuit is conducted, the first charging and discharging driving circuit is conducted; when either one of the second charge driving circuit and the second discharge driving circuit is turned on, it indicates that the second charge/discharge driving circuit is turned on.

Specifically, the driving signals include a charging driving signal and a discharging driving signal, and the turn-on signals include a charging turn-on signal and a discharging turn-on signal. Specifically, the charging driving signal and the discharging driving signal may be the same type of signal output by different output terminals of the front-end monitoring unit, and the charging conducting signal and the discharging conducting signal may be the same type of signal output by different output terminals of the main control unit 20. Correspondingly, the first charging driving circuit is conducted when receiving the charging driving signal output by the front-end monitoring unit; the second charging driving circuit is turned on when receiving the charging driving signal output by the front end monitoring unit and receiving the charging conducting signal output by the main control unit 20; the charging and discharging switch circuit is positively conducted when the first charging driving circuit is conducted and the second charging driving circuit is conducted. The first discharging driving circuit is turned on when receiving the discharging driving signal output by the front end monitoring unit, the second discharging driving circuit is turned on when receiving the discharging driving signal output by the front end monitoring unit and receiving the discharging turn-on signal output by the main control unit 20, and the charging and discharging switch circuit is turned on reversely when the first discharging driving circuit is turned on and the second discharging driving circuit is turned on. The current flow direction allowed by the charge and discharge switch circuit when the charge and discharge switch circuit is conducted in the forward direction is opposite to the current flow direction allowed when the charge and discharge switch circuit is conducted in the reverse direction, and specifically, the current flow direction allowed by the charge and discharge switch circuit when the charge and discharge switch circuit is conducted in the forward direction is the same as the direction of flowing from the cell positive electrode to the cell negative electrode from the inside. The charging and discharging of the charging and discharging switch circuit are controlled separately, so that the charging and discharging are controlled separately, and the charging and discharging control effect is good.

In one embodiment, the charge and discharge switching circuit comprises a charge switching circuit and a discharge switching circuit; the control end of the charging switch circuit is connected with the second connecting end of the second charging driving circuit, and the control end of the discharging switch circuit is connected with the second connecting end of the second discharging driving circuit; the first connecting end of the charging switch circuit is connected with the first connecting end of the discharging switch circuit, the second connecting end of the discharging switch circuit is connected with the cathode of the battery cell, and the second connecting end of the charging switch circuit is connected with the charging and discharging cathode. Namely, the second connection end of the discharge switch circuit is used as the first connection end of the charge-discharge switch circuit and connected with the cell cathode, and the second connection end of the charge switch circuit is used as the second connection end of the charge-discharge switch circuit and connected with the charge-discharge cathode.

The current flow direction when the charge switch circuit is on is the same as the current flow direction when the discharge switch circuit is off, and the current flow direction when the charge switch circuit is off is the same as the current flow direction when the discharge switch circuit is on. Specifically, the charging switch circuit is turned off when the first charging drive circuit is turned off or the second charging drive circuit is turned off, and is turned on when both the first charging drive circuit and the second charging drive circuit are turned on, and the discharging switch circuit is turned off, so that the charging and discharging switch circuit is turned on in the forward direction. The discharging switch circuit is turned off when the first discharging drive circuit is turned off or the second discharging drive circuit is turned off, and is turned on when the first discharging drive circuit and the second discharging drive circuit are both turned on, and the charging switch circuit is turned off, so that the charging and discharging switch circuit is turned on reversely. The charging and discharging switch circuit is turned off when the charging switch circuit and the discharging switch circuit are both turned off, and is turned on in the forward direction and turned off in the reverse direction when the discharging switch circuit is turned on and the charging switch circuit is turned off, and is turned on in the reverse direction and turned on in the forward direction when the charging switch circuit is turned on and the discharging switch circuit is turned off. By adopting the charging switch circuit and the discharging switch circuit, the charging and discharging are further controlled separately, and the charging and discharging control effect is good.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the charge driving unit includes a first charge driving circuit and a second charge driving circuit, and the discharge driving unit includes a first discharge driving circuit and a second discharge driving circuit; the first charging driving circuit and the first discharging driving circuit are connected with the front end monitoring unit II, and the second charging driving circuit and the second discharging driving circuit are connected with the front end monitoring unit I and the main control unit 20.

In one embodiment, the charging switch circuit comprises a plurality of charging switch tubes, the discharging switch circuit comprises a plurality of discharging switch tubes, and each of the charging switch tubes and the discharging switch tubes comprises a first connection end, a second connection end and a control end. The control end of the charging switch tube is connected with the second connecting end of the second charging driving circuit, the control end of the discharging switch tube is connected with the second connecting end of the second discharging driving circuit, the first connecting end of the discharging switch tube is connected with the first connecting end of the charging switch tube, the second connecting end of the discharging switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the battery core, and the second connecting end of the charging switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the charging and discharging. The plurality of charging switch tubes and the plurality of discharging switch tubes are connected in series in a circuit for connecting the negative electrode of the battery cell and the charging and discharging negative electrodes, and the circuit for connecting the negative electrode of the battery cell and the charging and discharging negative electrodes belongs to one section of a circuit for charging and discharging the battery cell, so that whether the circuit for charging and discharging the battery cell is conducted or not is controlled by the states of the charging switch tubes and the discharging switch tubes; thus, charge and discharge control is realized, and the reliability is high. In other embodiments, the second connection end of the discharge switching tube may be connected to the charge/discharge negative electrode, and the second connection end of the charge switching tube may be connected to the cell negative electrode.

In one embodiment, the number of the charge switch tubes and the number of the discharge switch tubes are 9, referring to fig. 11, the plurality of charge switch tubes are respectively a MOS tube Q68, a MOS tube Q70, a MOS tube Q72, a MOS tube Q74, a MOS tube Q76, a MOS tube Q78, a MOS tube Q80, a MOS tube Q82, and a MOS tube Q84, the 9 MOS tubes are controlled by the first charge driving circuit and the second charge driving circuit together, that is, share a gate driving signal, when the cell is turned on, the current of the line where the cell is located may flow from the cell cathode B-to the charge/discharge cathode P-, when the cell is turned off, the current cannot flow from the cell cathode B-to the charge/discharge cathode P-, and the control of charging is achieved. The plurality of discharge switch tubes are respectively an MOS tube Q67, an MOS tube Q69, an MOS tube Q71, an MOS tube Q73, an MOS tube Q75, an MOS tube Q77, an MOS tube Q79, an MOS tube Q81 and an MOS tube Q83, the 9 MOS tubes are controlled by the first discharge driving circuit and the second discharge driving circuit together, namely share one gate driving signal, when the discharge switch tube is switched on, the current can flow to the cell cathode B from the charge and discharge cathode P-, when the discharge switch tube is switched off, the current cannot flow to the cell cathode B from the charge and discharge cathode P-, and the discharge control is realized.

In one embodiment, the charging switch circuit further includes a first resistor and a plurality of second resistors, and one second resistor corresponds to one charging switch tube. One end of the first resistor is connected with the charge-discharge cathode, the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of each second resistor, the public end of the first resistor is connected with the second connecting end of the second charge driving circuit, and the other end of each second resistor is connected with the control end of the corresponding charge switching tube. Thus, the drive of the charging switch tube can be protected. Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the first resistor is R304, the plurality of second resistors are a resistor R294, a resistor R295, a resistor R296, a resistor R297, a resistor R298, a resistor R299, a resistor R300, a resistor R301, and a resistor R302, respectively, and the first resistor and each of the second resistors are connected to the second connection terminal of the second charge driving circuit via a connection point L2.

In one embodiment, the discharge switch circuit further includes a third resistor and a plurality of fourth resistors, and one fourth resistor corresponds to one discharge switch tube. One end of the third resistor is connected with the cathode of the battery core, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of each fourth resistor, the public end of the third resistor is connected with the second connecting end of the second discharge driving circuit, and the other end of each fourth resistor is connected with the control end of the corresponding discharge switch tube. Thus, the drive of the discharge switching tube can be protected. Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the third resistor is R303, the plurality of fourth resistors are a resistor R284, a resistor R286, a resistor R141, a resistor R142, a resistor R143, a resistor R144, a resistor R145, a resistor R146, and a resistor R147, respectively, and the third resistor and each of the fourth resistors are connected to the second connection terminal of the second discharge driving circuit through a connection point L1.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the first charge driving circuit includes a switch Q93, a switch Q92 and a resistor R308, and the second charge driving circuit includes a switch Q17, a switch Q91, a resistor R108 and a resistor R57. The control end of the switching tube Q93 is used as the control end of the first charging driving circuit and is connected with the front end monitoring unit; the input end of the switching tube Q93 is used as the first connection end of the first charging driving circuit and is used for connecting the battery cell positive electrode B +, and the output end of the switching tube Q93 is connected with the input end of the switching tube Q92 through the resistor R308. The control terminal of the switching tube Q92 is connected to the ground terminal GND2, and the output terminal of the switching tube Q92 is used as the second connection terminal of the first charging driving circuit and is connected to the input terminal of the switching tube Q91. Specifically, the control end of the switching tube Q93 is connected to the front end monitoring unit, specifically, the front end monitoring unit ii, through the connection point CHG 2.

The input end of the switching tube Q91 is used as the first connection end of the second charging driving circuit; the control end of the switch tube Q91 is connected to the input end of the switch tube Q17, the common end is connected to one end of the resistor R108, and the output end of the switch tube Q91 is used as the second connection end of the second charging driving circuit and is connected to the charging and discharging switch circuit. The output end of the switch tube Q17 is connected with the ground end GND, and the control end of the switch tube Q17 is connected with one end of the resistor R57; the control end of the second charging driving circuit comprises the other end of the resistor R57 and the other end of the resistor R108, the other end of the resistor R57 is connected with the main control unit 20, and the other end of the resistor R108 is connected with the front end monitoring unit. Specifically, the other end of the resistor R57 is connected to the main control unit 20 through a connection point CHG _ MCU; the other end of the resistor R108 is connected to the front-end monitoring unit, specifically to the front-end monitoring unit i, through a connection point CHG. Therefore, the driving of the charge and discharge switch circuit can be controlled based on the front-end monitoring unit and the main control unit 20, the charge and discharge safety is guaranteed, and the battery cell protection reliability is high.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the second charge driving circuit further includes a switch Q94, a resistor R309, and a resistor R312, wherein an output terminal of the switch Q91 is connected to an input terminal of the switch Q94, a common terminal of the switch Q91 is connected to one end of the resistor R309, and another end of the resistor R309 is connected to the ground GND; the control end of the switch tube Q94 is connected to the ground GND, and the output end of the switch tube Q94 is connected to the charge-discharge switch circuit through the resistor R312. Specifically, the resistor is connected to the charging switch circuit through the connection point L2, specifically, the corresponding charging switch tube is connected through each second resistor as shown in fig. 11. By adopting the switching tube Q94, the resistor R309 and the resistor R312, the driving control effect is better.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the first discharge driving circuit includes a switching transistor Q90, a switching transistor Q89 and a resistor R307, and the second discharge driving circuit includes a switching transistor Q9, a switching transistor Q88, a resistor R107 and a resistor R55. The control end of the switching tube Q90 is used as the control end of the first discharge driving circuit and is connected with the front end monitoring unit; the input end of the switching tube Q90 is used as the first connection end of the first discharge driving circuit and is used for connecting the battery cell positive electrode B +, and the output end of the switching tube Q90 is connected with the input end of the switching tube Q89 through the resistor R307. The control terminal of the switching tube Q89 is connected to the ground terminal GND2, and the output terminal of the switching tube Q89 is used as the second connection terminal of the first discharge driving circuit and is connected to the input terminal of the switching tube Q88. Specifically, the control end of the switching tube Q90 is connected to the front end monitoring unit, specifically, the front end monitoring unit ii, through the connection point DSG 2.

The input end of the switching tube Q88 is used as the first connection end of the second discharge driving circuit, the control end of the switching tube Q88 is connected with the input end of the switching tube Q9, the common end is connected with one end of the resistor R107, and the output end of the switching tube Q88 is used as the second connection end of the second discharge driving circuit and is connected with the charge-discharge switching circuit. The output end of the switch tube Q9 is connected with the ground end GND, and the control end of the switch tube Q9 is connected with one end of the resistor R55; the control end of the second discharge driving circuit comprises the other end of the resistor R55 and the other end of the resistor R107, the other end of the resistor R55 is connected with the main control unit 20, and the other end of the resistor R107 is connected with the front end monitoring unit. Specifically, the other end of the resistor R55 is connected to the main control unit 20 through a connection point DSG _ MCU; the other end of the resistor R107 is connected with the front end monitoring unit I through a connection point DSG. Therefore, the driving of the charge and discharge switch circuit can be controlled based on the front-end monitoring unit and the main control unit 20, the charge and discharge safety is guaranteed, and the battery cell protection reliability is high.

In one embodiment, the base work module further comprises an audible prompt module and/or a heating module. Referring to fig. 13, the voice prompt module includes a buzzer BEEP1, a resistor R45, a resistor R47, and a switch tube Q3, the buzzer BEEP1 is connected to the input terminal of the switch tube Q3 and the output unit 15 of the power module, one end of the resistor R45 is connected to the common terminal of the output unit 15 of the power module connected to the buzzer BEEP1, the other end of the resistor R45 is connected to the input terminal of the switch tube Q3, the control terminal of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the main control unit 20 through the resistor R47, and the output terminal of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The heating module comprises a heating film and a heating switch circuit, the heating film is used for heating the battery, the control end of the heating switch circuit is connected with the main control unit 20, the input end of the heating switch circuit is connected with the battery core anode B + of the battery and the output unit 15, and the output end of the heating switch circuit is connected with the heating film.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, the port heatingjen is connected to the main control unit 20, the port PWR3 is connected to the output unit 15, and the socket J20 is connected to the HEATING film. Specifically, the switching circuit may adopt a structure as shown in fig. 14. The main control unit 20 controls the port BEEP signal, the switch Q3 is turned on when the level is high, the buzzer BEEP1 sounds, the switch Q3 is turned off when the level is low, the buzzer BEEP1 stops sounding, and the user can be informed of the specific meaning indicated by the number of times and the length of sounding. The main control unit 20 controls the port HARTING _ EN signal, when the signal is at a high level, the switch tube Q19 is switched on, the battery supplies power to the heating film, the heat emitted by the heating film after power supply is transferred to the battery, the temperature of the battery will gradually rise, and the battery does not supply power for heating when the switch tube Q19 is cut off, and heating is stopped.

In one embodiment, the basic working module further comprises at least one of a light sensing module, a motion data acquisition module and a position information acquisition module; the light sensing module, the motion data acquisition module and the position information acquisition module are all connected with the main control unit and the output unit of the power supply module. The light sensing module can sense the light intensity around the battery in real time, for example, a photo resistor can be used, and the main control unit 20 can determine the current light intensity according to the corresponding relationship between the resistance value of the photo resistor and the light intensity. The motion data acquiring module may acquire the motion data of the battery in real time, for example, an acceleration sensor may be used, so that the main control unit 20 may acquire acceleration, calculated speed, and traveled distance. The main control unit and the position information acquisition module carry out data interaction to acquire the position information of the battery acquired by the position information acquisition module.

In one embodiment, the basic operation module further comprises an intelligent communication module, and the intelligent communication module is connected with the main control unit and the output unit 15. The intelligent communication module may include at least one of a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) communication module, a bluetooth communication module, and an RS485 communication module. Specifically, the intelligent communication module can comprise a GSM communication module, a Bluetooth communication module and an RS485 communication module, and integration of three communication modes can meet the requirement of full-scene application coverage.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system is characterized by comprising a power supply module, a main control unit and a basic working module, wherein the power supply module comprises a voltage reduction unit, a voltage comparison switch unit, a first voltage division unit, a second voltage division unit and an output unit, and the voltage comparison switch unit comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end;

the voltage comparison switch unit is switched on when the voltage of the second input end is greater than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit outputs the voltage to the main control unit and the basic working module, and the voltage comparison switch unit is switched off when the voltage of the second input end is less than the voltage of the first input end, so that the output unit does not output the voltage;

the voltage reduction unit comprises a voltage division and stabilization circuit and a linear voltage stabilizer, the voltage division and stabilization circuit comprises a resistor R18, a resistor R58, a resistor R59, a resistor R64, a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q12, a diode D16, a diode D15 and a filter capacitor C33, and the linear voltage stabilizer comprises a linear voltage stabilization chip U18, a diode D18 and a capacitor C24;

the resistor R18 and the resistor R58 are connected in series, a common end of the resistor R18 is connected with an input end of the switching tube Q7 and an input end of the switching tube Q12 in series, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with a battery core anode of a battery after being connected in series, and the other end of the resistor R58 is connected with a control end of the switching tube Q7 and a cathode of the diode D16 after being connected in series; the positive electrode of the diode D16 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery core of the battery, the output end of the switch tube Q7 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q12, the resistor R59 is connected with the resistor R64 in series, the common end of the resistor R7 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D15 and one end of the filter capacitor C33, the other end of the resistor R59 is connected with the output end of the switch tube Q12 after the resistor R59 is connected with the filter capacitor C33, and the other end of the resistor R64 is connected with the linear voltage stabilizing chip U18 after the resistor R59 is connected with the filter capacitor C33; the positive electrode of the diode D15 and the other end of the filter capacitor C33 are connected to a cell negative electrode, the linear voltage stabilizing chip U18 is further connected to the cell negative electrode, the negative electrode of the diode D18 and one end of the capacitor C24, and is connected to the voltage comparison switch unit through the first voltage division unit, and the positive electrode of the diode D18 and the other end of the capacitor C24 are connected to the cell negative electrode;

the voltage comparison switch unit comprises a voltage comparator and a switch circuit; a first input end of the voltage comparator is used as a first input end of the voltage comparison switch unit, a second input end of the voltage comparator is used as a second input end of the voltage comparison switch unit, an output end of the voltage comparator is connected with a control end of the switch circuit, an input end of the switch circuit is connected with the voltage reduction unit and the battery, and an output end of the switch circuit is used as an output end of the voltage comparison switch unit and is used for being connected with the output unit;

the switching circuit comprises a first switching sub-circuit and a second switching sub-circuit, and the control end of the first switching sub-circuit is used as the control end of the switching circuit and is connected with the output end of the voltage comparator; the input end of the switch circuit comprises the input end of the first switch sub-circuit and the input end of the second switch sub-circuit, the input end of the first switch sub-circuit is connected with the voltage reduction unit, and the input end of the second switch sub-circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery core; the output end of the first switch sub-circuit is connected with the control end of the second switch sub-circuit, and the output end of the second switch sub-circuit is used as the output end of the switch circuit and is used for being connected with the output unit.

2. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the first voltage divider unit comprises a resistor R117, a resistor R122, a capacitor C14, a resistor R125, a resistor R120, and a switch Q10; the resistor R117 and the resistor R122 are connected in series, a common end of the resistor R117 is connected to a first input end of the voltage comparator, the other end of the resistor R117 is connected to the voltage reduction unit after the resistor R117 is connected in series, the other end of the resistor R122 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell after the resistor R122 is connected in series, and the capacitor C14 is connected to two ends of the resistor R122 in parallel;

one end of the resistor R125 is connected with the output end of the voltage comparator, the other end of the resistor R125 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q10, the input end of the switch tube Q10 is connected with the first input end of the voltage comparator through the resistor R120, and the output end of the switch tube Q10 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell;

the second voltage division unit comprises a resistor R113, a resistor R116 and a capacitor C13; the resistor R113 and the resistor R116 are connected in series, a common end of the resistor R113 is connected with a second input end of the voltage comparator, the other end of the resistor R113 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell after the resistor R113 and the resistor R116 are connected in series, the other end of the resistor R116 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell after the resistor R116 and the capacitor C13 are connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R116.

3. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein the base work module comprises a cell charge and discharge information detection module, and the cell charge and discharge information detection module comprises a charge and discharge equipment detection unit, a voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling resistor and a front end monitoring unit;

the charging and discharging equipment detection unit is connected with the main control unit, the output unit of the power supply module, a charging and discharging positive electrode of the battery and a charging and discharging negative electrode of the battery, the charging and discharging positive electrode is an electrode used for connecting a battery cell positive electrode of the battery with one end of the charging and discharging equipment, and the charging and discharging negative electrode is an electrode used for connecting the battery cell negative electrode of the battery with the other end of the charging and discharging equipment; the voltage sampling circuit is connected with the cell positive electrode, the cell negative electrode and the front end monitoring unit, the current sampling resistor is connected between the cell negative electrode of the battery and the charging and discharging equipment in series, two ends of the current sampling resistor are connected with the front end monitoring unit, and the front end monitoring unit is connected with the main control unit;

the charging and discharging equipment detection unit outputs an access signal to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is connected with the charging and discharging equipment, and outputs a take-out signal to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is not connected with the charging and discharging equipment, and the main control unit obtains information that the battery core is in a charging and discharging state according to the access signal and obtains information that the battery core is in a non-charging and discharging state according to the take-out signal.

4. The battery management system according to claim 3, wherein the access signal includes a charge access signal and a discharge access signal, and the charge and discharge device detecting unit includes:

the charging access signal is output to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is connected with a charger, and the charging take-out signal is output to a charger detection circuit of the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is not connected with the charger;

the load detection circuit outputs the discharge access signal to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is connected with a load, and outputs the discharge take-out signal to the main control unit when the battery core of the battery is not connected with the load;

the charger detection circuit is connected with the charge-discharge anode, the charge-discharge cathode, the main control unit and the output unit of the power module, and the load detection circuit is connected with the battery core cathode of the battery, the charge-discharge cathode, the main control unit and the output unit of the power module.

5. The battery management system of claim 3, wherein the base work module further comprises a cell charging and discharging control module, the cell charging and discharging control module comprises a first charging and discharging driving circuit, a second charging and discharging driving circuit and a charging and discharging switching circuit, and the first charging and discharging driving circuit, the second charging and discharging driving circuit and the charging and discharging switching circuit each comprise a first connection end, a second connection end and a control end;

the control end of the first charge-discharge driving circuit is used for being connected with the front-end monitoring unit, the first connecting end of the first charge-discharge driving circuit is used for being connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, the second connecting end of the first charge-discharge driving circuit is connected with the first connecting end of the second charge-discharge driving circuit, the control end of the second charge-discharge driving circuit is used for being connected with the main control unit and the front-end monitoring unit, the second connecting end of the second charge-discharge driving circuit is connected with the control end of the charge-discharge switching circuit, the first connecting end of the charge-discharge switching circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell of the battery, and the second connecting end of the charge-discharge switching circuit is connected with the charge-discharge negative electrode;

the first charge-discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving the driving stop signal output by the front-end monitoring unit, and the second charge-discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving the driving stop signal output by the front-end monitoring unit or is turned off when receiving the turn-off signal output by the main control unit; the charge and discharge switch circuit is turned off when any one of the first charge and discharge driving circuit and the second charge and discharge driving circuit is turned off.

6. The battery management system according to claim 5, wherein the first charge-discharge driving circuit includes a first charge driving circuit and a first discharge driving circuit, and the second charge-discharge driving circuit includes a second charge driving circuit and a second discharge driving circuit;

the control end of the first charging driving circuit and the control end of the first discharging driving circuit are used for being connected with the front end monitoring unit, the first connection end of the first charging driving circuit and the first connection end of the first discharging driving circuit are used for being connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell, the second connection end of the first charging driving circuit is connected with the first connection end of the second charging driving circuit, and the second connection end of the first discharging driving circuit is connected with the first connection end of the second discharging driving circuit; the control end of the second charging drive circuit and the control end of the second discharging drive circuit are used for connecting the main control unit and the front end monitoring unit, and the second connection end of the second charging drive circuit and the second connection end of the second discharging drive circuit are connected with the control end of the charging and discharging switch circuit;

the driving stop signal comprises a charging driving stop signal and a discharging driving stop signal, and the turn-off signal comprises a charging turn-off signal and a discharging turn-off signal; the first charging driving circuit is turned off when receiving a charging driving stopping signal output by the front end monitoring unit, the second charging driving circuit is turned off when receiving the charging driving stopping signal output by the front end monitoring unit, or the charging switching circuit is turned off when receiving a charging switching-off signal output by the main control unit, and the charging and discharging switching circuit is positively turned off when the first charging driving circuit is turned off or the second charging driving circuit is turned off;

the first discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving a discharge driving stop signal output by the front end monitoring unit, the second discharge driving circuit is turned off when receiving the discharge driving stop signal output by the front end monitoring unit, or the charge and discharge switching circuit is turned off when receiving a discharge turn-off signal output by the main control unit, and the charge and discharge switching circuit is reversely turned off when the first discharge driving circuit is turned off or the second discharge driving circuit is turned off; the first charging and discharging driving circuit is turned off when the first charging driving circuit and the first discharging driving circuit are turned off, and the second charging and discharging driving circuit is turned off when the second charging driving circuit and the second discharging driving circuit are turned off.

7. The battery management system according to claim 5, wherein the base work module further comprises an audio prompt module and/or a heating module, the audio prompt module comprises a buzzer, a resistor R45, a resistor R47 and a switch tube Q3, the buzzer is connected with an input end of the switch tube Q3 and an output unit of the power module, one end of the resistor R45 is connected with a common end of the output unit of the power module and the buzzer, the other end of the resistor R45 is connected with an input end of the switch tube Q3, a control end of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the main control unit through the resistor R47, and an output end of the switch tube Q3 is connected with a ground end;

the heating module comprises a heating film and a heating switch circuit, the heating film is used for heating the battery, the control end of the heating switch circuit is connected with the main control unit, the input end of the heating switch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the battery core of the battery and the output unit of the power module, and the output end of the heating switch circuit is connected with the heating film.

8. The battery management system of claim 7, wherein the base work module further comprises at least one of a light sensing module, a motion data acquisition module, and a location information acquisition module;

the light sensing module, the motion data acquisition module and the position information acquisition module are all connected with the main control unit and the output unit of the power supply module.

9. The battery management system of claim 8, wherein the base work module further comprises an intelligent communication module, and the intelligent communication module is connected with the main control unit and the output unit of the power module.