CN203536994U - Vehicle-mounted uninterruptible power supply storage battery control and management device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model aims to provide a vehicle-mounted uninterruptible power supply (UPS) storage battery control and management device with the purpose of solving problems that an existing UPS storage battery is caused to be aged prematurely, damaged and like because of inappropriate operation in use and poor management, thereby resulting in abnormal operation of the UPS power supply and complete shutdown of equipment such as communication equipment, daily appliances, precision instruments and the like on vehicles and boats.

Description

Vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device

Technical field

The present invention relates to uninterrupted power supply (UPS) field, relate in particular to a kind of vehicular uninterrupted power supply technical field.

Background technology

Flourish along with the various function vehicles of China, increasing various communication equipments, daily electrical equipment, precision instrument are employed wherein, but also thus band serve inevitable problem.In the process of mobile application, how to guarantee that unaffected what first will solve is exactly electrical problems in its normal work, there is no stable electric power supply system, the application of all mobile units and useful life all will be subject to great impact, and current best solution is exactly the UPS uninterruptible power system of a set of function admirable of configuration.And storage battery is the heart of UPS, no matter ups system how complicated, its performance finally depends on its storage battery, if battery malfunction, better UPS also could provide back-up source.The how operating state of real time monitoring storage battery, and the useful life that calculates to a nicety its borderline failure phase and how to extend storage battery is to guarantee that UPS electric power system is stable, crucial reliably.Can the battery management technology that correctly grasp and make good use of UPS have vital impact to the high reliability of UPS itself and high efficiency.This is because break down for some reason once mains supply, and UPS will rely on the DC energy source being provided by batteries to safeguard the normal work of UPS inverter.Now, if because mismanagement causes storage battery aging, damage prematurely, will certainly cause UPS automatic shutdown, thereby cause the equipment such as vehicle-mounted communication equipment, daily electrical equipment, precision instrument thoroughly to paralyse.A large amount of operation practices show.Owing to being unfamiliar with or understanding not to the operating characteristic of storage battery with to the battery management function of UPS, it is of common occurrence causing the example that storage battery shortens its actual life greatly.For these reasons, be necessary to adopt advanced battery management technology to extend the actual life of storage battery, prevent from causing storage battery accelerated ageing, capacity (ampere-hour number) declines, thereby reduces as much as possible the unnecessary loss bringing due to storage battery improper use.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device, be intended to solve in the use procedure of existing UPS storage battery because using operation and mismanagement to cause the storage battery problem such as aging, damage prematurely, thereby cause ups power operation irregularity, cause the equipment such as vehicle-mounted communication equipment, daily electrical equipment, precision instrument thoroughly to paralyse.

Technical scheme of the present invention is to realize like this, vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device is characterized in that: comprise voltage sensor 1, ups power 2, switch elements 3, detecting unit 4, batteries 5, isolated location 6, control unit 7, CAN unit 8, display alarm unit 9, human-computer dialogue unit 10.

The alternating voltage of automobile current generator output is delivered to ups power 2, A/D circuit in ups power 2 is that direct current is batteries 5 charging by exchange conversion, this direct voltage is delivered to D/A circuit in ups power 2 simultaneously and is carried out inversion and be transformed to exchange and export to communication equipment, daily electrical equipment, precision instrument even load.

Described voltage sensor 1 is for detection of the output voltage situation of electric generator of vehicle, and the signal of this detection is sent to control unit 7 judges processing.

The instruction of described switch elements 3 reception control units 7, the K switch a and the Kb that control in its unit open or close, and control the charging and discharging to batteries 5.

Described detecting unit has mainly adopted the battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 of a kind of special use of Linear company, detecting unit 4 is connected with batteries 5, after processing, by isolated location 6, send control unit 7 for detection of the voltage of the cell in batteries 5 and temperature parameter that will detection.Isolated location 6 has adopted state-of-the-art digital isolator chip ADuM 1411 as the isolation between battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 and microcontroller LPC11C22.Isolator chip ADuM 1411 has adopted the transformer technology of magnetic coupling isolation technology and high-speed cmos technique and chip-scale, at everyways such as performance, power consumption, volumes, has the incomparable advantage of photoelectric isolating device.

The acp chip that described control unit 7 adopts is the microcontroller LPC11C22 of grace intelligence Pu semi-conductive integrated high-speed CAN physical layer transceiver, LPC11C22 is integrated TJF1051 CAN transceiver.Control unit 7 is central manage-ment unit of vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device, it receives the signal from voltage sensor 1, detecting unit 4 and human-computer dialogue unit 10, its output control signal is to switch elements 3, display alarm unit 9, and it is connected with CAN unit 8 to communicate delivers to vehicular meter control panel by relevant information by CAN unit 8 and vehicle CAN bus.

Described display alarm unit 9 receives input voltage and the working temperature of batteries 5 and the voltage of each cell that shows in real time electric generator of vehicle from the information of control unit 7; When abnormal conditions appear in the input voltage of electric generator of vehicle and the working temperature of batteries 5 and the voltage of each cell, sending sound and light alarm is warned.

Described human-computer dialogue unit 10 is connected with control unit 7, by keyboard, relevant parameters is arranged.

Described CAN unit 8 completes and being connected and communication of vehicle CAN bus.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device mainly contains three functions:

The first, by the external characteristic parameter (as monomer battery voltage, battery operated ambient temperature etc.) of detecting unit Real-Time Monitoring batteries cell, adopt suitable algorithm, realize estimation and the monitoring of inside battery state (as capacity and SOC etc.);

The second, the real time record such as battery charge capacity, accumulation of energy electric weight, discharge electricity amount, confession electric consumption, dump energy, battery-operated ambient temperature can be shown, allow user grasp at any time operating state and the performance of storage battery, and process timely according to the situation of storage battery.

Three, by CAN communication bus, realize exchanges data with automobile controller and panel board etc.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device block diagram

Fig. 2: special-purpose battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 detects elementary diagram

Fig. 3: special-purpose battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 internal circuit block diagram

Fig. 4: special-purpose battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 external discharge schematic diagram

Fig. 5: vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device overall control schematic diagram

Fig. 6: the pinouts of digital isolator chip ADuM 1411

Fig. 7: microprocessor LPC11C22 is to pinouts

Fig. 8: switch elements control principle drawing

Fig. 9: voltage, temperature acquisition and the balanced software flow pattern of controlling.

Embodiment

According to Figure of description, also in conjunction with specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated below: the present invention adopts special-purpose battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 to gather 12 series connection monomer battery voltages.Microprocessor LPC11C22 utilizes spi bus to read the voltage of the series connection cell of LTC6802 collection, simultaneously, utilize temperature sensor to gather the surface temperature of 12 series connection cells, by CAN bus, voltage, the temperature of 12 cells that collect are uploaded to the operating state of 12 cells of Real-Time Monitoring.As fundamental system, utilize a plurality of fundamental systems just to realize the status monitoring to large number of batteries battery pack in series.

Referring to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device, comprise voltage sensor 1, ups power 2, switch elements 3, detecting unit 4, batteries 5, isolated location 6, control unit 7, CAN unit 8, display alarm unit 9, human-computer dialogue unit 10.

In Fig. 1, the AC power of automobile current generator output is input to the A/D change-over circuit of ups power 2, direct voltage after conversion is input to the D/A change-over circuit of ups power 2, and the alternating voltage after the inversion of D/A change-over circuit is exported to communication equipment, daily electrical equipment, precision instrument even load; Direct voltage after the conversion of A/D change-over circuit is sent into batteries 5 for battery charging by switch elements 3 simultaneously; Whether the output AC voltage that control unit 7 detects electric generator of vehicle by transducer 1 is normal, if electric voltage exception or power down, control unit 7 will send instruction makes it send warning to display alarm unit 9; Transmit control signal to switch elements 3 simultaneously, when order is opened K switch a, " contact (1,2) " of Ka switch and " contact (3,4) " closure, the direct current of the A/D circuit output of ups power 2 charges to batteries 5 by the contact of Ka switch closure; When electric generator of vehicle exchanges input dead electricity or electric voltage exception, the instruction of switch elements 3 reception control units 7, the K switch a controlling in its unit closes Kb unlatching, " contact (1,2) " of Kb switch and " contact (3,4) " closure, the direct voltage of batteries 5 is sent into the D/A circuit being sent in ups power 2 by the contact of Kb switch closure, make its D/A circuit working carry out inversion output AC power source to load.When electric generator of vehicle exchanges input recovery, control unit 7 sends instruction closing switch Kb, " contact (1,2) " of Kb switch and " contact (3,4) " disconnect, stopped the power supply of the D/A circuit in 5 pairs of ups powers 2 of batteries, in this while control unit 7, sent instruction opening switch Ka batteries is charged.

Detecting unit 4 is for detecting and process the cell of batteries 5, signal after Check processing is sent into control unit 7 after delivering to isolated location 6 again, control unit 7 is delivered to display alarm unit 9 by the relevant information of the batteries detecting on the one hand and is shown and report to the police, on the other hand control signal is delivered to switch elements 3, turn-off or open the charge tunnel of batteries 5, guarantee the normal of batteries 5; Control unit 7 is connected with CAN unit 8, and each relevant information of batteries 5 can be communicated by letter with vehicle CAN bus by CAN unit 8, and these information are shown on the panel board of vehicle, and operating personnel can understand the working condition of batteries 5 at any time; Human-computer dialogue unit 10 can arrange the detection of batteries 5 relevant parameters as the case may be, can be arranged the change-over time of switch elements 3; Can be arranged electric generator of vehicle output voltage parameter and power down time, to guarantee flexibility and the fail safe of the use of whole device.

Fig. 2 is batteries detection cell circuit block diagram, in practical working situation, the carrying out discharging and recharging along with batteries, the voltage of batteries constantly changes, between each cell, voltage also there will be difference, the inconsistency of this voltage also can affect the performance of battery pack greatly, so be necessary to detect the voltage of each cell.The present utility model adopts special-purpose battery status chip monitoring to detect monomer battery voltage, and by the control unit that to reach by microprocessor be core of the digital signal after Check processing.The accuracy of detection of monomer battery voltage is 0.36mV.Battery pack temperature is also the important parameter that affects battery performance, and the too high or too low meeting of battery pack temperature causes the irreversible destruction of battery pack, and the present invention adopts temperature sensor to detect battery case temperature, and temperature detecting precision is 1 ℃.

In Fig. 2, IC1 is the LTC6802 that adopts Linear company, this is a kind of battery status chip monitoring of special use, its built-in 1 12 ADC, 1 accurate voltage reference, 1 high voltage input multiplexer and 1 serial line interface, without using optical coupler or optical isolator.Can measure up to 12 voltage of serially-connected cells, 13 ms complete all battery voltage detection, and whole measure error is less than 0.25%, has advantages of high Electromagnetic Compatibility, low-power consumption.

LTC6802 pin function is as follows:

V+: device working power anode, chip operation power supply is provided by battery, V+be always just connected with battery pack;

V-: power supply negative terminal, connects with the total negative of battery pack;

C1-C12: cell voltage input;

S1-S12: battery balanced control end;

VT1, VT2: temperature sensor inputs;

VREF:3. 075 voltage reference;

VREG: linear voltage benchmark;

TOS: chip is selecting side, position in series connection group;

MMB: monitoring mode selecting side;

WDTB: house dog output;

GPIO1, GPIO2: general purpose I/O mouth;

VMODE: communication mode selecting side;

SCKI, SDI, SDO, CSBI:SPI interface;

CSBO, SBOI, SCKO: during cascade and the SPI interface of next stage chip communication.

Voltage acquisition and balanced some work principle are such:

At Fig. 2, can see that the C1-C12 pin of IC1 chip LTC6802 is the input of monitoring battery cell voltage, the positive pole of cell E1-E12 is connected with C1-C12 respectively; E1-E12 is connected in series, and the positive pole of E1 is connected with the V+ of LTC6802, and the negative pole of E12 is connected with the V-of LTC6802.

At Fig. 2, can see that the S1-S12 pin of IC1 chip LTC6802 is battery balanced control pin.Overcharging appears in certain battery cell in battery pack, during overvoltage, S pin will be used and to this battery cell electric discharge, to guarantee the consistent of each cell.A N ditch MOSFET for discharging is contained in each S pin inside, for battery cell is discharged.LTC6802 can adopt inner and outside two kinds of balanced ways.Each S output pin inside is all connected with N channel mosfet.The maximum conducting resistance of inner metal-oxide-semiconductor is 20 Europe.When adopting internal balance, by non-essential resistance, connect to battery discharge with inner MOSFET.Inner MOSFET also can be used for controlling external Equilibrium circuit.For obtaining larger discharging current, improve discharging efficiency, conventionally adopt external Equilibrium.The 10K pull-up resistor of S pin inside makes its output can drive the gate pole of P channel mosfet in external circuit.By outside, connect metal-oxide-semiconductor and resistance to battery discharge.Opening of chip internal MOSFET controlled LTC6802 with turn-offing by IC3 microprocessor LPC11C22, and LTC6802 chip self is uncontrollable.

Fig. 3 is LTC6802 internal circuit block diagram, and Fig. 4 is LTC6802 external discharge schematic diagram, can see that in the drawings each cell input all has a switch mosfet being associated, for the battery that overcharges is discharged.S pin output packet is containing the pull-up resistor of an inner 10K, and therefore for example,, when loading upper high-impedance state (outside MOSFET gate circuit), S pin can be used as numeral output and uses.IC3 microprocessor LPC11C22 can be by spi bus from LTC6802 reading out data, and control respective battery input MOSFET conducting and close, to realize the equilibrium of battery battery core.

Fig. 4 is LTC6802 external discharge schematic diagram, the schematic diagram on this Tu Shi mono-tunnel, and remaining 11 roads are identical in this.In order to prevent the energy pressure reduction between battery input, can in each battery input, increase a Zener diode DW1.These diodes, when battery contact point connects, can distribute safe voltage automatically in the input of disappearance.

RC and C1 form RC filter, and DW2 is in order to protect T1, and R1 is electric discharge current-limiting resistance, and power ratio is larger.If cell E1 voltage detected, exceed set point, IC3 microprocessor LPC11C22 sends control command, S1 output control signal is added to the grid of MOSFET pipe T1 through resistance R 4, MOSFET pipe T1 conducting, the positive electrode current of cell E1 discharges to the negative pole of E1 through R2, T1, R1, until the voltage of E1 reaches set point electric discharge, stop, the voltage of cell E1----E2 is consistent, the balanced principle of controlling that Here it is.

In Fig. 2, the VT1 of IC1 chip LTC6802 and VT2 pin are temperature sensor measurement input pins, are connected to respectively temperature and resistance Rt1 and Rt2, Rt1 and and R13; Rt2 is connected with VREF pin with after R14 series connection, and VREF pin is 3.075V Voltage Reference output pin, and CA electric capacity is connected as bypass with VREF.

In Fig. 2, the WDTB pin of IC1 chip LTC6802 is Watch Dog Timer output pin (Low level effective).IC1 chip LTC6802 comprises an inner Watch Dog Timer circuit.If the continuous 2s of SCKI pin does not have activity, the output of WDTB open-drain will be set low.WDTB pin keeps low level has saltus step to occur until monitor SCKI pin.When watchdog circuit timing finishes, configuration register will be placed in default conditions.When power-up state, the output of S pin is closed.Therefore,, when the communication disruption of chip and MPU, Watch Dog Timer provides a kind of method that can close battery discharge.After timing finishes, chip enters the standby mode of minimum power consumption.Should be noted that now and set low and can not reset configuration register from outside by WDTB pin.WDTEN in configuration register (byte CNFGO, the 7th) allows user to close Watch Dog Timer.The default value of WDTEN is 1, and now house dog is in opening.When MMB is low level, Watch Dog Timer is closed.When reading configuration register, byte CNFG.In the 7th state that will reflect WDTB pin, and irrelevant with the value that writes WDTEN position.Therefore, if close house dog by writing 0 to WDTEN position, WDTB can be used as universal input pin, now reads the input value that its return value of WDTEN position is WDTN pin.

IC1 chip LTC6802 has standby, measurement and three kinds of mode of operations of supervision, and standby mode is a kind of energy saver mode, enters after standby mode, and all circuit except serial ports are closed; In measurement pattern, LTC6802 can measure the voltage of each battery cell and by result store in internal memory, measurement pattern also can monitor that whether each battery cell is in overvoltage and under-voltage condition; In monitored state, chip only monitors in under-voltage and battery cell overvoltage condition, and SDO pin is for transmitting by signal under-voltage or that overvoltage produces, and serial ports is now in closed condition.

Fig. 5 is vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device overall control schematic diagram, can see that in the drawings 4 pin of the spi bus of IC1 chip LTC6802 are respectively SCKI: serial clock input, SDI: serial data input, SDO: serial data output, CSBI: sheet choosing input (Low level effective), these 4 pin pass through the SSEL0 of digital isolator IC2 chip AduM1411 and IC3 microprocessor LPC11C22 as spi bus, MISO0, MOSI0, SCK0 connection communicates, IC3 microprocessor LPC11C22 reads voltage and the Temperature numerical collecting, then according to the voltage of each battery, determine and need balanced battery, microprocessor LPC11C22 is by sending instruction, allow IC1 chip LTC6802 corresponding registers start or close equilibrium, data by CAN bus send pin CAN_TXD and data receiver pin CAN_RXD simultaneously, by voltage, temperature data and equilibrium state are connected communication with vehicle CAN bus with CAN bus hub by isolating transformer B1.

At Fig. 5, can see that its 3,4,5,6 pin are that input pin joins with SPI, SCKI, SDI, the CSBI of IC1 chip LTC6802 respectively, its 11,12,13,14 pin are that output pin joins with IC3 microprocessor LPC11C22 SSEL0, MISO0, MOSI0, SCK0 pin respectively, can examine between each road input and output and have a magnetic coupling to isolate from figure.

Fig. 6 is the pinouts of IC2 digital isolator chip ADuM 1411, and ADuM 1411 ShiADI companies release the universal four-way digital isolator based on its patent iCoupler magnetic coupling isolation technology.The transformer technology that has adopted high-speed cmos technique and chip-scale, has the incomparable advantage of photoelectric isolating device at everyways such as performance, power consumption, volumes.

Fig. 7 is that microprocessor LPC11C22 is to pinouts.IC3 is the microcontroller LPC11C22 of grace intelligence Pu semi-conductive integrated high-speed CAN physical layer transceiver, system in package solution as a kind of uniqueness, LPC11C22 is integrated TJF1051 CAN transceiver has been realized complete CAN function in low-cost LQFP48 encapsulation.LPC11C22 microcontroller based on ARM Cortex-MO is low-power consumption, a member in 32 8-digit microcontroller families, and to 8,16 micro-processing application, there is high-performance, low-power consumption, lean instruction set, the advantages such as unified addressing addressing.

Fig. 8 is switch elements control principle drawing, Kb is magnetic latching relay, magnetic latching relay is a kind of as relay, also be a kind of automatic switch, circuit is played to automatic connection and cutting action, difference is, the normally closed effect of often opening of magnetic latching relay is the effect that relies on permanent-magnet steel completely, the conversion of its on off state completes by the triggering of a certain amount of pulse electrical signal, therefore, there is power and energy saving, stable performance, volume is little, bearing capacity is large feature, than general electromagnetic relay superior performance.Microprocessor delivery outlet output control signal drives the action of magnetic latching relay to BL8023 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult, Fig. 8 is that magnetic keeps wherein Yi road of driver control, other operation principle is the same, microprocessor delivery outlet P1.0 is through drive circuit and diode D1, D2 is through resistance R 1, R2 is to ground, keep low level, like this when when A end adds high level, magnetic latching relay Ka action, contact 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 is connected, battery tension is exported to UPS through contact, otherwise add high level at B end, magnetic latching relay involution, contact 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 disconnects link-verb voltage and cannot export through contact.

Control action principle and the Ka of Kb are the same, (referring to Fig. 1 switch elements 3) only the action object of Ka is the VD of UPS to be sent into storage battery it is charged, and the action object of Kb is the direct voltage of storage battery to be sent into the D/A circuit of UPS.

BL8023 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult pin function is as follows:

3P: input A. connects trigger impulse, also can connect level triggers;

7P: input B. connects trigger impulse, also can connect level triggers;

2 pin, 6 pin are sky pin;

1P: output QA succeeds line bag one end of electrical equipment;

5P: input QB succeeds the line bag other end of electrical equipment;

8P:Vdd adds relay working voltage anode;

4P:V ss adds relay working voltage negative terminal.

Fig. 9 is voltage, temperature acquisition and the balanced software flow pattern of controlling, and the hardware components of whole system is not very complicated, and hardware must could effectively correctly be worked under the commander of software, and software adopts C language compilation, at this, does not elaborate.

The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to and well known to a person skilled in the art prior art; although oneself is illustrated the present invention and is described by relevant case study on implementation; but; those skilled in the art should be understood; in the scope of claims; can do the various variation in form and details, so protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion with claims.

Claims (3)

1. a vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device, it is characterized in that: comprise voltage sensor (1), ups power (2), switch elements (3), detecting unit (4), batteries (5), control unit (6), isolated location (7), CAN unit (8), display alarm unit (9), human-computer dialogue unit (10); Described voltage sensor (1) is for detection of the output voltage situation of electric generator of vehicle, and the signal of this detection is sent to control unit (7) judges processing; The instruction of described switch elements (3) reception control unit (7), the K switch a and the Kb that control in its unit open or close, and control the charging and discharging to batteries (5); Described detecting unit (4) is connected with batteries (5), after processing for detection of the voltage of the cell in batteries (5) and temperature parameter that will detection, send isolated location (7), through the signal of isolation processing, be sent to again control unit (7); Described control unit (7) is the central manage-ment unit of portable UPS battery management system, it receives the signal from voltage sensor (1), detecting unit (4) and human-computer dialogue unit (10), its output control signal is to switch elements (3), display alarm unit (9), and it is connected to communicate with CAN unit (8) delivers to vehicular meter control panel by relevant information by CAN unit (8) and vehicle CAN bus; Described display alarm unit (9) receives input voltage and the working temperature of batteries (5) and the voltage of each cell that shows in real time electric generator of vehicle from the information of control unit (7); When abnormal conditions appear in the input voltage of electric generator of vehicle and the working temperature of batteries (5) and the voltage of each cell, sending sound and light alarm is warned; Described human-computer dialogue unit (10) is connected with control unit (7), by keyboard, relevant parameters is arranged; Described CAN unit (8) completes and being connected and communication of vehicle CAN bus.

2. a kind of vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting the battery status chip monitoring LTC6802 of a kind of special use of Linear company, detecting unit (4) is connected with batteries (5), after processing, send control unit (6) for detection of the voltage of the cell in batteries (5) and temperature parameter that will detection.

3. a kind of vehicular uninterrupted power supply storage battery control and management device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the acp chip that control unit adopts is the microcontroller LPC11C22 of grace intelligence Pu semi-conductive integrated high-speed CAN physical layer transceiver, it receives the signal from voltage sensor (1), detecting unit (4) and human-computer dialogue unit (10), its output control signal is to switch elements (3), display alarm unit (9), and it is connected to communicate with CAN unit (8) delivers to vehicular meter control panel by relevant information by CAN unit (8) and vehicle CAN bus.

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