CN104868546A - Cell management system - Google Patents
Cell management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104868546A CN104868546A CN201510268921.0A CN201510268921A CN104868546A CN 104868546 A CN104868546 A CN 104868546A CN 201510268921 A CN201510268921 A CN 201510268921A CN 104868546 A CN104868546 A CN 104868546A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cell management system. The system is formed by a mainboard, a current limiting board and a display panel. The mainboard is a technology core of the system. The mainboard completes monitoring of a voltage of a single cell and a temperature and equalization management, monitors the total voltage and the current, manages charging, discharging and a cell running state, estimates a battery-pack charged state and carries out system protection and fault diagnosis alarm. The current limiting board limits a charging current of a charger. The mainboard controls on and off of the current limiting board through a switching value. The display panel completes a state information display function of the battery pack. The mainboard and the display panel are communicated by using serial port communication. Through the display panel, a current cell management system state can be known in real time. The system possesses a cascade function. Communication connection is performed on a plurality of systems through an RS485 interface. Through using an RS485 bus, a transmission rate is increased; electromagnetic interference is effectively reduced and information transmission accuracy is guaranteed. The mainboard can send cell system information to an upper computer and the information can be displayed through the upper computer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery management system field, particularly a kind of lithium dynamical battery management system being applied to communication class.
Technical background
Along with the energy problem of economic development becomes increasingly conspicuous, the progressively enhancing of people's protection of the environment consciousness, development new forms of energy, the especially communications field, automotive field becomes the common recognition of people, is following main developing direction.Lithium battery, as important energy source, can be very important by safety, stable, long-acting use.But in use, Collective stewardship comprises the charging and discharging currents of battery in actual use, voltage, the equilibrium treatment between the detection of the series of parameters such as temperature and battery is a global technical barrier.Battery management system in the present invention, both can adapt to the small-scale application of a small amount of battery, also can expand to the battery management system of a large amount of battery.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of flexible and efficient battery management system.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing object of the present invention is:
The invention discloses a kind of battery management system, battery management system is made up of mainboard, current limiting plate, display panel three part.
Described mainboard is the technological core of native system; complete single battery voltage, the monitoring of temperature and balanced management, the monitoring of total voltage, electric current, charging, electric discharge, battery operation state manage; battery pack state-of-charge is estimated, carries out system protection and failure diagnosis warning.
The charging current of described current limiting plate restriction charger, mainboard is by the through and off of digital output modul current limiting plate;
Described display panel completes the state information Presentation Function of battery pack.Mainboard and display panel communication adopt serial communication.The state of present battery management system can be understood in real time by display panel.Battery management system has cascade function, multiple system can be carried out communication connection by RS485 interface.Battery system information can be sent to host computer and be shown by host computer by mainboard.
Described mainboard performs following task:
Task 1, communicates with the mainboard of multiple battery management system;
Task 2, carries out the system protection to battery pack;
Task 3, carries out battery pack state-of-charge;
Task 4, carries out cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection;
Task 5, carries out the balanced management of each cell of internal battery pack;
Task 6, adopts RS232 serial communication with host computer, and carries out the fault alarm of battery pack;
Task 7, is connected with battery pack, gathers total voltage and the total current of battery pack;
Task 8, by digital output modul current limiting plate;
Task 9, is connected with display panel by inner serial communication.
Described mainboard task 1 is specially:
Mainboard is communicated by the RS485 telecommunication circuit of RS485 interface with multiple battery management system mainboard, meets the demand of battery management system cascaded communication;
Described mainboard task 2 is specially:
Mainboard is by the monitoring to system voltage, electric current, temperature, analysis and treament, if find that parameter wherein occurs abnormal, system protection is carried out to battery pack, mainly comprise charging overvoltage protection, electric discharge under-voltage protection, discharge and recharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, battery core temperature protection, power tube temperature protection, anti-reverse protection;
Described mainboard task 3 is specially:
Mainboard communicates with host computer, after host computer receives the parameter information such as voltage, electric current of battery pack, and the state-of-charge SOC value of the whole battery pack of policy calculation adopting open circuit voltage method to combine with ampere-hour integration method;
Described mainboard task 4 is specially:
After cell voltage, monitoring temperature Acquisition Circuit receive the instruction that host microcontroller sends, carry out corresponding command operating, complete and carry out in real time to each monomer battery voltage, temperature, accurately gather, and by SPI by the data feedback that collects to host microcontroller, carry out data analysis and process;
Described mainboard task 5 is specially:
Under charging or holding state, after the Information Monitorings such as the voltage that host microcontroller receives, temperature, balanced management is carried out to cell each in battery pack; When batteries monomer voltage is greater than balance cut-in voltage, and with minimum monomer battery core pressure reduction be greater than balance starting differential pressure time, open equalization function.When monomer voltage and minimum monomer battery core pressure reduction be less than balance shut off differential pressure time, stop balanced.In balancing procedure, lithium battery management system monitoring equalization temperature, when equalization temperature is higher than balance protection temperature, closes the equalization function of all battery cores.When equalization temperature is lower than integrated compensation temperature, recover equalization function.
Described mainboard task 6 is specially:
Mainboard and host computer adopt RS232 interface to communicate, the instruction that host computer is sent by resolving mainboard, all information of battery and state information can be reacted on host computer intuitively, by carrying out the fault alarm of battery pack in time with upper machine communication, and process according to fault level, to ensure car load safety;
Described mainboard task 7 is specially:
The output of mainboard is connected with total anode of battery pack, total negative terminal, gathers total voltage and the total current of battery pack;
Described mainboard task 8 is specially:
Mainboard is by the through and off of digital output modul current limiting plate, and the charged electrical of restriction battery pack flows to;
Described mainboard task 9 is specially:
Mainboard is connected with display panel by inner serial communication, realizes electricity display, total voltage, total current, system mode, current charge or discharge electric current, the joint number of system present battery, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and alarm level information.The state of present battery management system can be understood in real time by display panel.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, realization of the present invention and host computer communication task can be very convenient, utilize host computer amendment table scale clearly, and data such as table content and scalar quantity etc., also can carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the state of vehicle, carry out failure diagnosis.
2, structure of the present invention is simple, and extensibility is strong, and level of integrated system is high, complete function, has voltage, monitoring temperature, equilibrium treatment, cell performance evaluation, system protection function.
3, the present invention proposes the built-up pattern that battery core SOC, battery pack SOC estimate.The generation cause of depth analysis noise and conflicting mode, based on multisource information fusion technology, propose the built-up pattern that battery core SOC, battery pack SOC estimate, effectively describe the behavior of battery system under actual motion state, for accurate SOC estimates to provide model supports.Accurate Model for complication system has great impetus.
4, the present invention proposes multiple SOC and estimate strategy.The problem of accurate description is difficult to for the noise model under actual condition, have studied based on multiple methods of estimation such as Kalman filtering, Unscented kalman filtering, particle filters, in conjunction with battery system charge and discharge process characteristic, using SOC and drift current simultaneously as state variable, the built-up pattern proposed based on advantage 4 and feature mode classification, propose the estimation strategy that a kind of open circuit voltage method and ampere-hour integration method combine, achieve the synchronous estimation of SOC and drift current, improve the precision of estimation.
5, battery management system expert intelligence storehouse of the present invention.This project adopts special storage compacting method, is stored by electrokinetic cell fault message.Read related data when user needs by host computer, then call in our expert intelligence storehouse, analyze battery failures reason.Electric automobile enterprise and electrokinetic cell manufacturing enterprise according to the fault data declaring unit, can improve production and processing technology.
6, the present invention adopts big current balancing technique.This project adopts passive equalization scheme, creationary battery components is slit into multiple module, and method balanced in module, reduces the energy loss of battery pack balancing, improve battery pack balancing electric current.Ensure the operation that battery pack is safe and reliable to add the useful life of battery pack.
Figure of description
The system block diagram of Fig. 1 battery management system;
The structured flowchart of Fig. 2 display panel;
The structured flowchart of Fig. 3 current limiting plate;
Fig. 4 RTC circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 data storage circuitry;
Fig. 6 external temperature testing circuit;
The RS485 communicating circuit of Fig. 7 system;
The power circuit principle figure of Fig. 8 battery management system;
The battery cell monitoring equalizing circuit schematic diagram of Fig. 9 battery management system;
The temperature sensing circuit schematic diagram of Figure 10 battery management system;
The overview flow chart of Figure 11 battery management system.
Embodiment
A specific embodiment of battery management system of the present invention is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in figs. 1-11, a kind of battery management system, is made up of mainboard, current limiting plate, display panel three part; Mainboard is the technological core of system; mainboard completes the monitoring of single battery voltage, temperature; balanced management; the monitoring of total voltage, electric current; charging, electric discharge, battery operation state are managed; complete the estimation of battery pack state-of-charge SOC, discharge and recharge is added up simultaneously, system protection and failure diagnosis and warning.The charging current of current limiting plate restriction charger, display panel completes the data terminal Presentation Function of battery management system.
Mainboard mainly comprises: host microcontroller 7, total current testing circuit 1, cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection and balanced management circuit 2 battery operation ambient temperature detection circuit 3, data storage circuitry 4, system power supply power circuit 5, battery capacity indication warning circuit 6, RTC clock circuit 8, power supply, data, signal physical interface circuit 9, system protection circuit 10; RS485 telecommunication circuit 11; RS232 telecommunication circuit 12.
Display panel mainly comprises: microcontroller 13, power supply 14, data storage circuitry 15, communicating circuit 16, liquid crystal display circuit 17, button indicating circuit 18.
Current limiting plate mainly comprises: main control circuit 19, internal power supply 20, power tube switch mosfet pipe 21, current detection circuit 21, enable control circuit 23.MOSFET is metal-oxide half field effect transistor (MOSFET:Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).
Described mainboard total current testing circuit 1, measures the charging and discharging currents of battery system in real time.
Described mainboard cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection and balanced management circuit 2, balanced management circuit 2 adopts specialized lithium battery management chip; Connect the physical interface 9 of battery pack and temperature sensor, be connected to host microcontroller 7; The voltage of real-time detection single battery, temperature and realize passive equilibrium.
Described main system battery operation ambient temperature detection circuit 3 connects multiple temperature sensor, connects the physical interface 9 of multiple temperature sensor, temperature signal is exported to host microcontroller 7.Battery management system is Real-Time Monitoring power tube temperature under the state run, when power tube temperature reaches power tube high temperature alarm point, and host computer prompting MOSFET high temperature alarm.When power tube temperature reaches power tube high temperature protection point, after detecting time delay, FET high temperature protection will be triggered, stop charge and discharge.When in power tube temperature return to normal range (NR), FET high temperature protection will be discharged, recover charge and discharge.
Described mainboard data storage circuitry 4, is connected with host microcontroller 7; Realize stored parameter record, battery information, product information, service data, fault data, for fault analysis and diagnosis and record.
Described battery capacity indication warning circuit 6 is also connected with mainboard host microcontroller 7, realizes system running state and malfunction coefficient.
Described RTC clock circuit 8 is also connected with mainboard host microcontroller 7, accurately shows the system time; Wherein master chip adopts real-time timepiece chip ISL1208IB8Z_TK, and reserve battery adopts button cell, and this battery does not work when main power source has electricity, only just works after main power source power down, and only powers to RTC clock circuit.
Described system protection circuit 10 is also connected with mainboard host microcontroller 7, realizes the functions such as the charging overvoltage protection of battery pack, electric discharge under-voltage protection, discharge and recharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, battery core temperature protection, power tube temperature protection and anti-reverse protection.
Described RS485 telecommunication circuit 11 interface communicates with mainboard host microcontroller 7, and can realize the cascade of many battery management systems.
Described battery management system is communicated to connect by RS232 host computer display end 12 interface and host computer, the information such as voltage, temperature of real-time report battery is also estimated battery pack state-of-charge SOC, the information such as voltage, electric current, temperature, SOC are shown in real time, eventually through early warning and the warning of battery capacity indication warning circuit prompting battery system eventually through host computer.
Described main board system power supply 5 module, is connected with host microcontroller 7, and is connected with modules on above-mentioned mainboard, power supply.
Described motherboard power supply, data, signal physical interface module 9, be connected to battery feed, total anode that battery pack arrives and total negative terminal, and temperature sensor, current sensor, provides the physical connection of the signal needed for inner modules.
The data storage circuitry 15 of described display panel, is connected with microcontroller 13.Realize stored parameter record, battery information, product information, service data, fault data, for fault analysis and diagnosis and record.
Described display panel communicating circuit 16 is connected with microcontroller 13, realizes the communication of the information such as cell voltage, electricity, temperature.
Described display panel liquid crystal display circuit 17 is connected with microcontroller 13, can be understood the state of present battery management system by liquid crystal display screen in real time.
Described display panel button indicating circuit 18 is connected with microcontroller 13, the display information of flexible liquid crystal display screen can present the state of current system.
Described display panel power supply 14 is connected with above-mentioned each module for power supply, realizes the power supply of modules.
Described current limiting plate main control circuit 19, is made up of master pulse width modulation circuit TL494, power MOSFET switch tube, rectifying tube, feedback circuit, reference circuit.Main control circuit 19 carries out pulse-width modulation by sending PWM (pulse-width modulation Pulse-Width Modulation), and produce vibration, the through and off of driving power switch mosfet pipe 21, store energy in inductance, charge to external battery pack.
Described current limiting plate internal power supply circuit 20, the internal switch power supply be made up of pulse width modulating chip UC3843B, transformer, power MOSFET switch tube, its output voltage provides the reverse input voltage of benchmark for current limiting plate main control circuit 19.
Described current limiting plate current detection circuit 21, by exchanging the resistance detecting resistance, the current value size of adjustable batteries charging electric current, plays the effect of restriction charging current.
The enable control circuit 22 of described current limiting plate, by the control of mainboard host microcontroller 7 switch amount, determines current limiting plate through and off.
Described battery management system, is characterized in that, the line communication module 11,16 of mainboard, current limiting plate, display panel can adopt SPI, and the one of the various bus such as IIC, RS485, connects multiple battery management system, carrys out the quantity of expanding system management battery.
The mainboard of present system has module of executing the task as follows:
Task 1, communicates with the mainboard of multiple battery management system
Task 2, carries out the system protection to battery pack
Task 3, carries out battery pack state-of-charge SOC
Task 4, carries out cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection
Task 5, carries out the balanced management (passive equilibrium) of each cell of internal battery pack
Task 6, adopts RS232 serial communication with host computer, and carries out the fault alarm of battery pack
Task 7, is connected with battery pack, gathers total voltage and the total current of battery pack
Task 8, by digital output modul current limiting plate
Task 9, is connected with display panel by inner serial communication
The display panel of present system has module of executing the task as follows:
Task 1, electricity, total voltage, total current, system mode, current charge or discharge electric current that display battery management system is current
Task 2, the current battery number of display system, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, alarm level information (without, general, serious)
Task 3, each single-unit voltage, single-unit temperature in display system
Task 4, can arrange interface clock setting, liquid crystal display screen brightness setting, the setting of serial ports speed, remove historical information
Task 5, by the button of 4 on the right side of display panel: arrange key, confirm part, add key, subtract key, can the information of display system and state flexibly
The current limiting plate of present system has module of executing the task as follows:
Task 1, the size of restriction charging current, meets system and realizes equalizing charge
Described mainboard task 1 is specially
Mainboard is communicated by the RS485 telecommunication circuit of RS485 interface with multiple battery management system mainboard, meets the demand of battery management system cascaded communication.
Described mainboard task 2 is specially:
Mainboard is by the monitoring to system voltage, electric current, temperature; analysis and treament; if find that parameter wherein occurs abnormal, system protection is carried out to battery pack, mainly comprise charging overvoltage protection, electric discharge under-voltage protection, discharge and recharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, battery core temperature protection, power tube temperature protection, anti-reverse protection.
Described mainboard task 3 is specially:
Mainboard communicates with host computer, after host computer receives the parameter information such as voltage, electric current of battery pack, and the state-of-charge SOC value of the whole battery pack of policy calculation adopting open circuit voltage method to combine with ampere-hour integration method.
Described mainboard task 4 is specially:
After cell voltage, monitoring temperature Acquisition Circuit receive the instruction that host microcontroller sends, carry out corresponding command operating, complete and carry out in real time to each monomer battery voltage, temperature, accurately gather, and by SPI by the data feedback that collects to host microcontroller, carry out data analysis and process.
Described mainboard task 5 is specially:
Under charging or holding state, after the Information Monitorings such as the voltage that host microcontroller receives, temperature, balanced management (passive equilibrium) is carried out to cell each in battery pack; When batteries monomer voltage is greater than balance cut-in voltage, and with minimum monomer battery core pressure reduction be greater than balance starting differential pressure time, open equalization function.When monomer voltage and minimum monomer battery core pressure reduction be less than balance shut off differential pressure time, stop balanced.In balancing procedure, lithium battery management system monitoring equalization temperature, when equalization temperature is higher than balance protection temperature, closes the equalization function of all battery cores.When equalization temperature is lower than integrated compensation temperature, recover equalization function.
Described mainboard task 6 is specially:
Mainboard and host computer adopt RS232 interface to communicate, the instruction that host computer is sent by resolving mainboard, all information of battery and state information can be reacted on host computer intuitively, by carrying out the fault alarm of battery pack in time with upper machine communication, and process according to fault level, to ensure car load safety.
Described mainboard task 7 is specially:
The output of mainboard is connected with total anode of battery pack, total negative terminal, gathers total voltage and the total current of battery pack.
Described mainboard task 8 is specially:
Mainboard is by the through and off of digital output modul current limiting plate, and the charged electrical of restriction battery pack flows to.
Described mainboard task 9 is specially:
Mainboard is connected with display panel by inner serial communication, realizes electricity display, total voltage, total current, system mode, current charge or discharge electric current, the joint number of system present battery, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and alarm level information.The state of present battery management system can be understood in real time by display panel.
Described display panel performs following task:
Task 1, electricity, total voltage, total current, system mode, current charge or discharge electric current that display battery management system is current
Task 2, the current battery number of display system, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, alarm level information (without, general, serious)
Task 3, each single-unit voltage, single-unit temperature in display system
Task 4, can arrange interface clock setting, liquid crystal display screen brightness setting, the setting of serial ports speed, remove historical information
Task 5, by the button of 4 on the right side of display panel: arrange key, confirm part, add key, subtract key, can the information of display system and state flexibly
Described current limiting plate task 1 is specially:
The host microcontroller of mainboard, by the control of switch amount, determines the through and off of current limiting plate, the size arranging current-limiting resistance manually, can the size of regulating cell group charging current, meets equalizing charge demand.
Fig. 4 is RTC circuit diagram, and R512 connects PIN1 and PIN2 of U23; Y2 is connected in parallel on R512 two ends; C153 (DNP) one end connects the left end of Y2, and the other end connects GND; C152 (DNP) one end connects the right-hand member of Y2, and the other end connects GND; The PIN3 of U23 connects PIN7 and PIN8 of VBAT, PIN4 connection GND, R208 connection U23, and PIN8 is connected by C137 and GND simultaneously; The PIN6 of U23 connects SCL, PIN5 and connects SDA.
Fig. 5 is data storage circuitry, and R239 one end connects the PIN1 of U22, and the other end connects the PIN2 of U22, PIN3, PIN4, and is connected with GND; The PIN8 of U22 connects VCC_2V3; C136 one end connects PIN8, and the other end connects PIN7 and is connected with GND; The PIN6 of U22 connects SCL, PIN5 and connects SDA.
Fig. 6 is external temperature testing circuit, and R174 one end connects the PIN1 of R175, and PIN1 is connected with the AD_TEMP1 of host microcontroller simultaneously; The R174 other end connects NTC1/2; The PIN2 of R175 connects GND.
The RS485 communicating circuit of Fig. 7 system, the PIN1 of U16 connects VCC_5V0; The C120 of U16 connects VCC_5V0 and GND; PIN2 and the PIN3 of U16 is connected to RS485 receiving terminal and the transmitting terminal of mainboard host microcontroller respectively by R195, R196; The PIN4 of U16 connects GND; The PIN8 of U16 connects ISO_5V0; The C126 of U16 connects ISO_5V0 and ISO_5V0; The PIN7 of U16 connects the PIN1 of U20; The PIN6 of U16 connects the PIN4 of U20; The PIN5 of PIN5 and the U20 of U16 is connected to ISO_GND jointly; PIN1 and the PIN2 of U20 is connected to the PIN3 of U19; R202 connects PIN3 and ISO_GND of U19; C133 is connected to PIN4 and ISO_GND of U19; The PIN4 of PIN8 and the U19 of U20 connects ISO_GND; R204 connects PIN6 and ISO_5V0 of U20; PIN6 with PIN7 is connected RS485 network, and R203 connects PIN7 and ISO_GND of U20; R206 is connected in parallel on PIN6 and PIN7 two ends; R206 connects the PIN2 of PIN7 and D24, and the PIN1 of PIN1 and the D25 of D24 connects ISO_GND, R207 and connects the PIN 6 of U20 and the PIN2 of D25, D24 and D25 provides electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection; R187 connects the PIN2 of PIN2 and D25 of D24.
Fig. 8 is that the PIN2 of the power circuit principle figure of battery management system, IC2 is connected by R295 and PIN4; PIN2 is connected by R228 and PIN3; PIN3 is connected by R231 with GND, and meanwhile, PIN3 connects Enable Pin EN5033; Total anode BAT, the BAT of PIN2 connection battery pack provide the input voltage of power circuit, and voltage range is at 30V ~ 96V; C112 connects PIN2 and GND; The PIN5 of IC2 connects the link of R189 and R190; After R189 and R190 series connection, the R190 other end is connected to GND; The anode of C117 connects the output plus terminal of 5V, and the negative terminal of C117 connects GND; PIN6 is connected by electric capacity C116 with GND; The PIN7 of IC2 is connected to PIN8 by C130; L1 one end connects PIN8, and the other end connects 5V.
Fig. 9 is the battery cell monitoring equalizing circuit schematic diagram of battery management system, and chip can detect the voltage of 1 ~ 12 batteries, temperature, and coordinates outside MOSFET to realize the equilibrium of battery.This chip can multiplely use simultaneously, adapts to the battery system of the battery pack composition of different capabilities size; The PIN1 of IC1 connects and connects battery B anode by R1; C1 connects PIN1 and GND; Q1 drain electrode connects B anode by R2, and Q1 source electrode battery connects B negative terminal; R4 and C2 is in parallel, connects Q1 grid and source electrode, prevents EMI interference; R3 connects the PIN2 of Q1 grid and IC1; R6 connects the PIN3 of IC1; C3 connects PIN3 and GND.
Figure 10 is the temperature sensing circuit schematic diagram of battery management system, and the PIN1 of IC connects PIN3, R2 by R2 and R1 and measures high-pressure side resistance, and R1 prevents because high pressure connects and produces short circuit; Link and GND, the C1 of C1 connection R1 and R2 are noise filters; Thermistor and C1 is connected in parallel.
Figure 11 is the overview flow chart of battery management system, after carrying out system initialization, carries out self-inspection to its exterior and internal system after system electrification.If discovery system mistake, host microcontroller sends instruction and carries out error handle, starting protection control module.System sends instruction by host microcontroller after carrying out data message arrangement, and state of a control indicator light carries out alarm indication, by memory circuit storage batteries data message, finally by communication interface, the information of battery is sent to host computer, carries out terminal demonstration; If do not find system mistake after System self-test, then carry out digital independent to the battery parameter information in data storage circuitry, after information reads, system starts timer, by communication interface, battery information is sent to host computer, and carries out state and information displaying.Then system carries out the judgement of running mark position.According to the judged result of flag bit to current acquisition TIME flag bit, voltage acquisition TIME flag bit, SOC estimates TIME flag bit, balanced TIME flag bit, monomer battery voltage gathers TIME flag bit and temperature control TIME flag bit judges: when current acquisition TIME flag bit is 1, then carry out the collection of battery total current and start up system protecting control module, data message is arranged, after arrangement, system control state indicator light, carry out state display, and the data message of storage battery, finally by communication interface, battery information is sent to host computer, flow process like this continues to judge every flag bit.If when current acquisition TIME flag bit is not equal to 1, then starts that TIME flag bit is carried out to voltage acquisition module and judge.When voltage acquisition TIME flag bit is 1, battery terminal voltage is gathered, system starting protection control module, continue to judge remaining TIME label entry according to flow process.
The foregoing is only better implementation method of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a battery management system, is made up of multiple battery management unit, it is characterized in that: each battery management unit comprises mainboard, current limiting plate and display panel;
Described mainboard is communicated to connect by RS485 interface and other battery management unit;
Described mainboard and upper machine communication adopt RS232 serial communication;
Described mainboard is connected with battery pack, gathers total voltage, the total current of battery pack;
Described mainboard carries out communication by inner serial ports and display panel and is connected;
Described mainboard is by digital output modul current limiting plate.
2. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described mainboard mainly comprises: host microcontroller (7), total current testing circuit (1), cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection and balanced management circuit (2), battery operation ambient temperature detection circuit (3), data storage circuitry (4), system power supply power circuit (5), battery capacity indication warning circuit (6), RTC clock circuit (8), power supply, data, signal physical interface (9), system protection circuit (10), RS485 communicating circuit (11), RS232 host computer display end (12);
Described host microcontroller (7) is connected with total current testing circuit (1), gathers the total current of battery pack;
Described host microcontroller (7) is connected with cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection and balanced management circuit (2), gathers cell voltage and temperature information, sends control signal battery balanced to control;
Described host microcontroller (7) is also connected with battery context temperature sensing circuit (3), gathers the temperature of battery operation environment;
Described host microcontroller (7) also communicates to connect with data storage circuitry (4), sets up its archives to every block cell, by the use information recording memory of battery, to facilitate the service condition and failture evacuation of analyzing battery;
Described host microcontroller (7) is also connected with battery capacity indication warning circuit (5), realizes the warning function of system;
Described host microcontroller (7) is also connected with RTC clock circuit (8), accurately shows the system time;
Described host microcontroller (7) is also connected with system protection circuit (10), realizes the charging overvoltage protection of battery pack, electric discharge under-voltage protection, discharge and recharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, battery core temperature protection, power tube temperature protection function;
Described host microcontroller (7) is also communicated by RS485 telecommunication circuit (11) interface, can realize the cascade of multiple battery management unit;
Described host microcontroller (7) is communicated to connect by RS232 host computer display end (12) interface and host computer, the voltage of real-time report battery, temperature information the estimation completed battery pack state-of-charge (SOC), show voltage, electric current, temperature, battery pack state-of-charge SOC information in real time by host computer;
Described system power supply power supply (5) is connected with each module for power supply on above-mentioned mainboard, realizes the power supply of modules on mainboard;
Described power supply, data, signal physical interface module (9) are connected with lithium battery group power supply, battery pack always just and total negative, temperature sensor and current sensor connect, the physical connection interface of the signal on mainboard needed for modules is provided.
3. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described display panel mainly comprises: microcontroller (13), power supply (14), data storage circuitry (15), communicating circuit (16), liquid crystal display circuit (17), button indicating circuit (18);
Described microcontroller (13) and data storage circuitry (15) communicate to connect, and realize the storage of operational factor;
Described microcontroller (13) is connected with communicating circuit (16), realizes the transmission of the information such as cell voltage, electricity, temperature;
Described microcontroller (13) is connected with liquid crystal display circuit (17), can be understood the state of present battery management system by liquid crystal display screen in real time;
Described microcontroller (13) is connected with button indicating circuit (18), the display information of flexible liquid crystal display screen can present the state of current system;
Described power supply (14) is connected with each circuit supply of above-mentioned display panel, realizes the power supply of each circuit on display panel.
4. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described current limiting plate mainly comprises: main control circuit (19), internal power supply (20), current detection circuit (21), enable control circuit (22);
Described main control circuit (19) is made up of master pulse width modulation circuit TL494, power MOSFET, rectifying tube, feedback circuit, reference circuit;
Main control circuit (19) carries out pulse-width modulation by sending PWM, and produce vibration, the through and off of driving power switch mosfet pipe, store energy in accumulator, charge to external battery pack;
Described internal power supply circuit (20), the internal switch power supply be made up of pulse width modulating chip UC3843B, transformer, power MOSFET, its output voltage is the reverse input voltage that main control circuit (19) provides benchmark;
Described current detection circuit (21) detects the resistance of resistance by exchanging, the current value size of adjustable batteries charging electric current, plays the effect of current limliting;
Described enable control circuit (22), by the control of mainboard host microcontroller (7) switch amount, determines current limiting plate through and off.
5. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described mainboard performs following task:
Task 1, realizes the mainboard communication between multiple battery management unit;
Task 2, carries out the system protection to battery pack;
Task 3, carries out battery pack state-of-charge (SOC);
Task 4, carries out cell voltage, monitoring temperature collection;
Task 5, carries out the balanced management of each cell of internal battery pack;
Task 6, adopts RS232 serial communication with host computer, and carries out the fault alarm of battery pack;
Task 7, is connected with battery pack, gathers total voltage and the total current of battery pack;
Task 8, by digital output modul current limiting plate;
Task 9, is connected with display panel by inner serial communication.
6. battery management system according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described mainboard task 1 is specially:
Mainboard is communicated by the RS485 telecommunication circuit of mainboard between RS485 interface with multiple battery management unit, meets the demand of battery management unit cascaded communication;
Described mainboard task 2 is specially:
Mainboard is by the monitoring to system voltage, electric current, temperature, analysis and treament, if find that parameter wherein occurs abnormal, system protection is carried out to battery pack, mainly comprise charging overvoltage protection, electric discharge under-voltage protection, discharge and recharge overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, battery core temperature protection, power tube temperature protection, anti-reverse protection;
Described mainboard task 3 is specially:
Mainboard communicates with host computer, after host computer receives the parameter information of the voltage of battery pack, electric current, and the state-of-charge SOC value of the whole battery pack of policy calculation adopting open circuit voltage method to combine with ampere-hour integration method;
Described mainboard task 4 is specially:
After cell voltage, monitoring temperature Acquisition Circuit receive the instruction that host microcontroller sends, carry out corresponding command operating, complete and carry out in real time to each monomer battery voltage, temperature, accurately gather, and by SPI by the data feedback that collects to host microcontroller, carry out data analysis and process;
Described mainboard task 5 is specially:
Under charging or holding state, after the voltage that host microcontroller receives, temperature acquisition information, balanced management is carried out to cell each in battery pack; When batteries monomer voltage is greater than balance cut-in voltage, and with minimum monomer battery core pressure reduction be greater than balance starting differential pressure time, open equalization function; When monomer voltage and minimum monomer battery core pressure reduction be less than balance shut off differential pressure time, stop balanced; In balancing procedure, lithium battery management system monitoring equalization temperature, when equalization temperature is higher than balance protection temperature, closes the equalization function of all battery cores; When equalization temperature is lower than integrated compensation temperature, recover equalization function;
Described mainboard task 6 is specially:
Mainboard and host computer adopt RS232 interface to communicate, the instruction that host computer is sent by resolving mainboard, all information of battery and state information can be reacted on host computer intuitively, by carrying out the fault alarm of battery pack in time with upper machine communication, and process according to fault level, to ensure car load safety;
Described mainboard task 7 is specially:
The output of mainboard is connected with total anode of battery pack, total negative terminal, gathers total voltage and the total current of battery pack;
Described mainboard task 8 is specially:
Mainboard is by the through and off of digital output modul current limiting plate, and the charged electrical of restriction battery pack flows to;
Described mainboard task 9 is specially:
Mainboard is connected with display panel by inner serial communication, realizes electricity display, total voltage, total current, system mode, current charge or discharge electric current, the joint number of system present battery, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and alarm level information; The state of present battery management system can be understood in real time by display panel.
7. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described display panel performs following task:
Task 1, electricity, total voltage, total current, system mode, current charge or discharge electric current that display battery management system is current;
Task 2, battery number, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, alarm level information that display system is current;
Task 3, each single-unit voltage, single-unit temperature in display system;
Task 4, can arrange interface clock setting, liquid crystal display screen brightness setting, the setting of serial ports speed, remove historical information;
Task 5, by the button of 4 on the right side of display panel: arrange key, confirm part, add key, subtract key, can the information of display system and state flexibly.
8. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described current limiting plate performs following task:
Task 1, the size of restriction charging current, meets system and realizes equalizing charge.
9. battery management system according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
Described current limiting plate task 1 is specially:
The host microcontroller of mainboard is controlled by switch amount, determines the through and off of current limiting plate, manually arranges the size of current-limiting resistance, can the size of regulating cell group charging current, meets equalizing charge demand.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510268921.0A CN104868546A (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | Cell management system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510268921.0A CN104868546A (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | Cell management system |
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| CN104868546A true CN104868546A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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| CN201510268921.0A Pending CN104868546A (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2015-05-25 | Cell management system |
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| CN116373688B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-08-18 | 深圳市拓普泰克技术股份有限公司 | Charging and discharging control method, device, equipment and storage medium of multi-element battery pack |
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Application publication date: 20150826 |