CN106505694A - A kind of management system of intelligent battery group and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a management system and a control method of an intelligent battery pack. The management system includes: an intelligent battery pack, the intelligent battery pack is composed of a plurality of intelligent battery cores connected in parallel, and each intelligent battery core is managed by an intelligent battery pack. The power module is connected to a single battery core; the first output terminals of multiple intelligent battery cores are connected together, and the second output terminals are connected together to form an AC bus or DC bus output terminal, and the AC bus or DC bus output terminal is connected to A power distribution unit; the power distribution unit is connected to a load for power supply. The present invention electrically removes faulty battery cores from the system in real time on-line, so that the battery pack can continue to operate in real time without power, and changes the high-serial parallel composition mode of the battery pack, changing each battery core to operate independently, improving battery life. The reliability of charging and discharging operation of the battery pack realizes that there will be no sudden power failure when the electric equipment is powered by the battery pack, and improves the operation safety of the electric equipment.

Description

A management system and control method for an intelligent battery pack

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent batteries, in particular to a management system and control method of an intelligent battery pack.

Background technique

With the development of the times and the rapid progress of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the reliability of electrical equipment (such as all-electric vehicles, all-electric aircraft, all-electric boats, etc.) powered by large-capacity battery packs. Electricity can cause serious economic losses, and even personal safety accidents.

At present, almost all battery packs in the prior art are composed of multiple single battery cells connected in parallel and in series (as shown in Figure 1). A2, A3...AN are connected in parallel to form a battery unit A, battery cells B1, B2, B3...BN are connected in parallel to form a battery unit B...a battery cell N1, N2, N3...NN are connected in parallel to form a battery unit N), and the series connection is for To obtain high-voltage DC output (battery unit A, battery unit B...battery unit N in series), the battery pack can only use the same type of unified battery cells, the actual use of the internal resistance of the battery cells in the battery pack, battery capacity, etc. Electrical parameters require high consistency.

At present, the types of batteries include lithium-iron batteries (a type of lithium batteries, such as lithium iron phosphate, lithium titanate, etc.), lead-acid batteries (an electrode mainly made of lead and its oxides, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. batteries) and metal fuel cells.

The battery pack consists of many battery cells connected in parallel and then in series, and the high series-parallel characteristics of the battery pack (for example, lithium iron phosphate power battery packs for electric vehicles have up to more than 100 sets of battery cells in series) lead to the requirement for the electrical performance consistency of a single battery cell Extremely high, including the internal resistance, electric energy capacity, nominal voltage, self-discharge, etc. of the battery cells. During the production process, the consistency rate of battery cell selection is extremely low, and the cost is extremely high. When forming a battery pack, it is also necessary to use battery cells with the same parameters as much as possible. match.

The high series-parallel electrical structure may bring a fatal disadvantage during operation. The battery pack often contains hundreds or thousands of battery cells with the same characteristics. If there is an extremely uncontrollable failure in the installation environment of the power battery pack during operation, such as Some battery cells will be damaged when squeezed, and the output of the entire battery pack will be stopped at the same time. The sudden power loss of the electrical equipment will cause personal safety accidents and property losses; Inconsistencies in the environment lead to inconsistencies in electrical performance, which can easily lead to failures of a single cell (overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit, disconnection, overheating, etc.), and the battery pack will also fail to stop output.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the existing battery pack, and possible faults:

1. When A1 is faulty and short-circuited, A2, A3 and AN will also be short-circuited, causing them to be damaged due to short-circuit. At this time, the battery management system will definitely stop the output of the entire battery pack;

2. When A1 fails and breaks the circuit, the main current of the battery pack flows through A2, A3 to AN. If the battery pack is fully loaded or overloaded, A2, A3 to AN are easily damaged due to over-discharge, and the battery management system must also It will stop the output of the whole battery pack;

3. If any faulty battery unit (A-N any battery unit) is disconnected in series, the entire battery pack will immediately disconnect and have no output;

4. Due to the long-term use of the battery, the electrical parameters of some of the battery cells will change, resulting in a change in the consistency of the battery cells. For example, the internal resistance of A1 becomes smaller, so the current flowing through it becomes larger and the heat is more If the A1 is damaged, if the entire battery pack does not stop running, it will cause a chain reaction to damage more battery cells and eventually cause serious losses.

When the existing battery pack management system (BMS) reports that some battery cells are faulty and needs to be repaired, the entire battery pack must stop working, and then repair and replace the faulty battery cells. The guidance equipment is shut down and cannot be repaired online. A power outage can cause great inconvenience to car owners.

In addition, when repairing and removing the faulty battery cells and replacing them, the battery cells that meet the electrical performance requirements of the battery pack often cannot be matched, resulting in the removal of the entire battery pack, and the useful battery cells in the disassembled battery pack can only be recycled. The use cost of the user is extremely high, and the waste is huge.

When the battery pack is running, it is impossible to add battery cells online to increase the capacity of the battery pack, and it is also impossible to remove the battery cells online to reduce the capacity of the battery pack.

Therefore, for the above-mentioned defects, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a management system and control method for an intelligent battery pack aimed at electrically removing faulty battery cells from the system in real time on-line for the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, so that the battery pack It can run continuously and continuously in real time, which greatly improves the reliability of battery pack charging and discharging operation, reduces the cost of battery pack operation and maintenance, and realizes that when the electrical equipment is powered by the battery pack, there will be no sudden power failure accident, which improves the reliability of the battery pack. The operation safety of electrical equipment, the implementation of battery replacement mode for electrical equipment (all-electric vehicles, all-electric aircraft, all-electric boats, etc.) can operate at low cost and efficiently.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve technical problems is as follows:

A management system for an intelligent battery pack, wherein the management system includes:

An intelligent battery pack, the intelligent battery pack is composed of multiple intelligent battery cells connected in parallel, and each intelligent battery cell is composed of an intelligent battery management power module connected to a single battery cell;

The respective first output ends of multiple intelligent battery cells are connected together, and the second output ends are connected together to form an AC bus or a DC bus output, and the AC bus or DC bus output is connected to a power distribution unit; the power distribution unit connected to the load for power supply;

The intelligent battery management power module is used to individually manage and control a single battery cell connected to the intelligent battery management power module, and manage the failure of a single battery cell in real time. When a single battery cell fails, the intelligent battery management power module The fault level is dealt with accordingly. When the fault is the highest level, the smart battery core stops supplying power to the outside, and at the same time notifies the host or upper computer, the entire smart battery pack is still running without power.

The management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein the intelligent battery management power module includes:

A battery intelligent identification unit used to pre-set the electrical parameters of the battery cell, judge the battery type, compensate and correct the electrical parameters, collect and mark abnormal fault data, and issue interrupt processing requirements;

The battery electrical performance intelligent monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time residual power capacity of the connected battery cell, and record the real-time voltage, current and temperature of the battery cell in real time;

A battery current real-time distribution control unit for setting the input and output current values of the intelligent battery core in real time according to the type of battery core and electrical parameters, and responding in real time to the interrupt processing request issued by the battery intelligent identification unit;

The battery operation protection control unit is used to control the charging and discharging of the battery according to the type of battery cell and the specific data of the electrical parameters, and to make protection and control actions in real time for the occurrence of faults;

The battery intelligent identification unit, the battery electrical performance intelligent monitoring unit, the battery current real-time distribution management and control unit, and the battery operation protection management and control unit form a main control unit;

A battery data collection unit connected to the main control unit for collecting electrical parameter data of battery cells;

It is connected with the main control unit and the battery data acquisition unit, and is used to acquire voltage as an auxiliary power supply unit for auxiliary power supply;

A power unit that is connected to the auxiliary power unit and the main control unit and uses an isolation transformer to prevent the bus voltage from being applied to the battery when the unit fails;

An EMC protection unit that is connected with the power unit to prevent electrical interference and adapt to different electromagnetic compatibility environments;

Connected with the power unit, used to identify the hot-swappable interface unit for on-line plugging and unplugging of the smart battery core when the smart battery pack is running;

Connected with the hot-swappable interface unit and the main control unit, it is used to accept the host computer or the master-slave CAN bus communication unit controlled by the smart battery core as the host.

The management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein the output of the intelligent battery pack is selected as an AC voltage or as a DC voltage, and the power unit includes: for realizing the function of charging and discharging each battery cell separately on demand at the same time, Bidirectional AC/DC power unit for AC output or bidirectional DC/DC power unit for custom voltage level and DC output;

When the power unit is a bidirectional AC/DC power unit, the intelligent battery pack outputs through an AC bus;

When the power unit is a bidirectional DC/DC power unit, the intelligent battery pack outputs through a DC bus.

The management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein, each intelligent battery cell in the intelligent battery pack communicates through the CAN bus mode; Control, the intelligent battery core as the host is selected from any intelligent battery core and set as the host. When the intelligent battery core as the host fails, the management system randomly selects the intelligent battery core that works normally as the host.

The management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein, each intelligent battery core in the intelligent battery pack communicates through the CAN bus mode, and when the number of intelligent battery cores is greater than the preset number, each intelligent battery core is additionally connected to a A monitoring and management unit used to individually manage and control each smart battery cell.

The management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein, the single battery cell and the intelligent battery management power module are installed close to each other; the positive and negative poles of the single battery cell are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the intelligent battery management power module Extremely; the intelligent battery cell is composed of an intelligent battery management power module connected to a single battery cell, or composed of an intelligent battery management power module connected to a battery cell group formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series.

The management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein, the physical connection mode of each intelligent battery core in the intelligent battery pack is a hot-swappable mode, and when the intelligent battery pack is running, online plugging and unplugging increases according to the requirements of the output power capacity Or reduce the number of smart battery cells. When a smart battery cell in the smart battery pack fails and is dealt with online, and when conditions permit replacement and maintenance, then hot-swap the faulty smart battery cell according to the fault indicator light. Replace the faulty battery cell with the same type of battery cell or replace the smart battery management power module.

A management system control method for an intelligent battery pack, including:

Step A, by connecting a single battery cell and an intelligent battery management power module to form an intelligent battery cell, and connecting multiple intelligent battery cells in parallel to form an intelligent battery pack for outputting DC or AC;

Step B, the smart battery pack is connected to a power distribution unit through an output terminal of an AC bus or a DC bus, and the power distribution unit is connected to a load for power supply;

Step C, each smart battery cell in the smart battery pack communicates through the CAN bus mode, and is used to accept the control of the upper computer or the smart battery cell as the host through the CAN bus mode;

Step D, when any smart battery cell fails during the operation of the smart battery pack, the faulty smart battery cell is processed online in real time according to the fault type, and the smart battery cell with the highest level of failure is electrically removed from the smart battery pack in real time. In addition, the intelligent battery pack continues to operate and supply power without power failure.

The control method for the management system of the intelligent battery pack is characterized in that the type of the single battery cell includes a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, a lithium manganese phosphate battery cell, a lithium polymer battery cell, a lithium titanate battery cell, and a lead-acid battery cell. , metal fuel cells, nickel-metal hydride cells, colloidal cells; the type of a single cell in the smart battery pack is arbitrarily selected from the type of the single cell, and the smart cell consists of a single cell of the same type or Different types of single battery cells are connected to intelligent battery management power modules; the same intelligent battery pack can be composed of different types of battery cells.

The control method for the management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein the intelligent battery core with the highest level of failure is electrically removed from the intelligent battery pack in real time online, and the faulty intelligent battery core stops working;

The maintenance method of the intelligent battery pack is hot-swapping when it is running.

The management system control method of the intelligent battery pack, wherein each intelligent battery cell is connected to a fault indicator light, and when the fault indicator light connected to the intelligent battery cell is on, it indicates that a fault needs to be repaired, and the intelligent battery cell senses the fault Then turn off its own output to exit the operation and notify the host computer or the host computer. When repairs are possible, follow the fault indicator light to perform hot-swap physical removal of the faulty smart battery cell, and then use the same type of battery cell to replace the faulty battery cell or replace it. The smart battery manages the power module, and the repaired smart battery core is inserted back into the smart battery pack. The smart battery pack can not stop supplying power or charging during the whole maintenance process.

The invention discloses a management system and a control method of an intelligent battery pack. The management system includes: an intelligent battery pack, the intelligent battery pack is composed of a plurality of intelligent battery cores connected in parallel, and each intelligent battery core is managed by an intelligent battery pack. The power module is connected to a single battery core; the first output terminals of multiple smart battery cores are connected together, and the second output terminals are connected together to form an AC bus or DC bus output terminal, and the AC bus or DC bus output terminal is connected to Power distribution unit; the power distribution unit is connected to the load for power supply; the intelligent battery management power module is used to individually manage and control a single battery cell connected to the intelligent battery management power module, and manage the failure of a single battery cell in real time. When a battery cell fails, the intelligent battery management power module performs corresponding processing according to the fault level of a single battery cell. When the fault is at the highest level, the intelligent battery cell stops supplying power to the outside world, and at the same time notifies the host or upper computer, and the entire intelligent battery pack is still running continuously. .

The present invention electrically removes faulty battery cores from the system in real time on-line, so that the battery pack can continue to operate in real time without power supply, greatly improving the reliability of battery pack charging and discharging operation, reducing the cost of battery pack operation and maintenance, and realizing It prevents sudden power outage accidents when the electric equipment is powered by the battery pack, and improves the operation safety of the electric equipment. In addition, the present invention can be compatible with batteries of different types (such as: lead-acid, nickel metal hydride, lithium polymer, lithium-iron batteries, etc.) and different electrical parameters (such as: internal resistance, battery residual capacity, etc.) powered by.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack power supply method in the prior art of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the intelligent battery core in the management system of the intelligent battery pack of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation method of a single battery cell and a smart battery management power module in the smart battery cell of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the management system of the intelligent battery pack of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of each component unit of the intelligent battery management power module in the intelligent battery core of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the control method of the management system of the intelligent battery pack of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow when the smart battery core fails during the operation of the management system of the smart battery pack according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment when the smart battery core fails during the operation of the management system of the smart battery pack according to the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear and definite, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the present invention provides a management system for an intelligent battery pack. The management system includes an intelligent battery pack 4 , and the intelligent battery pack 4 is composed of a plurality of intelligent battery cells 1 connected in parallel.

As shown in Figure 2, each smart battery cell 1 is composed of a smart battery management power module 3 connected to a single battery cell 2 (or a smart battery cell 1 is composed of a smart battery management power module 3 and multiple battery cells connected in parallel. The formed battery cell group is connected), and the operating state of each single battery cell 2 is controlled by the intelligent battery management power module 3 .

The positive and negative electrodes of the single battery cell 2 are correspondingly connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the input terminal of the intelligent battery management power module 3, and the types of the single battery cell 2 include lithium iron phosphate cells, lithium manganese phosphate cells, and lithium polymer cells. cell, lithium titanate cell, lead-acid cell, metal fuel cell, nickel metal hydride cell, colloidal cell; the type of single cell 2 of the smart cell 1 in the smart battery pack 4 is changed from the single cell The type can be selected arbitrarily, that is to say, the smart battery pack 4 is not limited by the type of a single battery core, and different types of battery cores can be mixed in the same smart battery pack 4 .

As shown in Figure 3, the single battery cell 2 and the intelligent battery management power module 3 are installed close to each other. When the volume of the single battery cell 2 is smaller than the volume of the intelligent battery management power module 3, the single battery cell 2 is installed close An intelligent battery cell 1 is formed on the intelligent battery management power module 3 (the installation method is not limited, and the installation method can be changed according to actual needs).

Referring to Fig. 4, it can be seen that the respective first output terminals of multiple intelligent battery cells 1 are connected together, and the second output terminals are connected together, that is, the physical connection adopts a low-inductance bus method to reduce electrical interference (after the bus L1 and the bus L2 are electrically insulated Physically stacked together) to form an AC bus or DC bus output terminal 5 (determined by the selection of the power module in the smart battery management power module of the smart battery core, to meet the demand for outputting high-power electric energy to drive high-power loads), the AC bus Alternatively, the DC bus output end 5 is connected to a power distribution unit 6, and the power distribution unit 6 is connected to a load 7 for power supply.

In actual use, the rated output electric energy capacity of the intelligent battery pack 4 is greater than the actual required electric energy capacity of the electrical equipment, that is, the working mode of hot backup. The sum of the backup redundant capacity is determined. If the types and capacities of multiple smart battery cells 1 are inconsistent, it is only necessary that the total output capacity of the multiple smart battery cells 1 reach the sum of the capacity of the electrical equipment plus the redundant capacity.

Each intelligent battery core 1 in the intelligent battery pack 4 communicates through the CAN bus mode; all the intelligent battery cores 1 are used to accept the control of the upper computer 8 or the intelligent battery core as the host through the CAN bus mode, and the intelligent battery core as the host is controlled. The battery core is selected from any intelligent battery core and set as the host. When the intelligent battery core as the host fails, the management system randomly selects the normal working intelligent battery core as the host. That is to say, the smart battery cell 1 can be controlled by the host computer 8, and can also be set as a master-slave structure. Any smart battery cell 1 is the master, and the other smart battery cells are slaves. If the master fails, the management system will automatically reselect Take out one of the smart battery cells as the host.

When the smart battery pack 4 is running normally, when one of the smart battery cores 1 fails, if the smart battery core 1 senses the fault itself, it can turn off its own output and exit the operation, and then notify the host or the host computer 8, such as the smart battery core 1 If the hardware is damaged or crashes and there is no output, the host computer or the host computer will make corresponding management and control processing after detection; the intelligent battery pack 4 can continue to run for power supply.

Each smart battery cell 1 in the smart battery pack 4 communicates through the CAN bus mode, and has strong anti-interference ability. When the number of smart battery cells 1 is greater than the preset number, the preset number is preferably 100, that is, when the smart When the number of battery cells 1 is greater than 100, each smart battery 1 is additionally connected with a monitoring and management unit for individually managing and controlling each smart battery cell, so as to achieve the purpose of managing and controlling each smart battery cell 1 in groups.

The physical connection mode of each intelligent battery core 1 in the intelligent battery pack 4 is a hot-swappable mode. When the intelligent battery pack 4 is running, the number of intelligent battery cores 1 can be increased or decreased by online plugging and unplugging according to the requirements of the output power capacity. When a fault occurs in a smart battery cell in the smart battery pack, after online processing, when conditions permit replacement and maintenance, hot-swap the faulty smart battery cell according to the fault indicator light, and replace the faulty battery with the same type of battery cell Cell or replace the intelligent battery management power module 3, the single battery cell 2 and the intelligent battery management power module 3 are integrated and mechanically act together during maintenance and disassembly.

The intelligent battery management power module 3 is used to separately manage and control the single battery core 2 connected to the intelligent battery management power module 3, and manage the failure of the single battery core 2 in real time. When the single battery core 2 fails, the intelligent battery management power Module 3 processes according to the fault level of a single battery cell 2. When it is the highest level of fault (the highest level of fault: it is an irreversible fault, such as a complete short circuit or physical damage such as an open circuit or extrusion collision), the smart battery cell 1 will stop supplying power to the outside. At the same time, notify the host computer or upper computer 8 that the whole intelligent battery pack 4 is still running without power, that is, when a single battery cell fails, it can exit the operation in real time, without affecting the normal operation of the intelligent battery pack 4, greatly improving the reliability of the battery pack operation, and at the same time There is no need to replace the entire battery pack, just replace the faulty battery cell with the same type of battery cell, which greatly saves the user's economic cost.

As shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of each component unit of the intelligent battery management power module in the intelligent battery core of the present invention. The intelligent battery management power module 3 includes:

A battery intelligent identification unit 31 for presetting the electrical parameters of the battery core, judging the battery type, compensating and correcting the electrical parameters, collecting and marking fault abnormal data, and issuing a request for interruption processing; the battery intelligent identification unit 31 can be preset The electrical parameters of the battery such as battery type can also collect the DC voltage of the connected battery cell, predict the battery type according to the specific value, and then perform a charge and discharge test on the battery according to the algorithm to obtain the electrical parameter values such as the residual electric energy capacity and internal resistance of the battery. Compensate and correct the battery type and electrical parameters. If the collected data is abnormal, judge that the battery is faulty, and make a mark and interrupt processing requirements;

It is used to monitor the real-time residual power capacity of the connected battery core, and record the battery electrical performance intelligent monitoring unit 32 of the real-time voltage, current and temperature of the battery core in real time; The real-time internal resistance of the battery can be calculated by the real-time sampling of the discharge current and the real-time DC voltage of the battery. By comparing the battery identification data with the actual collected data, the real-time residual power capacity of the battery can be known through compensation and correction, and the real-time voltage and current passing through the battery can be recorded in real time. and real-time temperature;

It is used to set the input and output current value of the intelligent battery core in real time according to the type and electrical parameters of the battery core, and to respond in real time to the battery current real-time distribution management and control unit 33 of the interrupt processing request issued by the battery intelligent identification unit; The type and related electrical parameters can set the maximum current and minimum current for charging and discharging the battery. According to the communication requirements of the host computer or the upper computer 8, the current value of the input and output of the intelligent battery cell 1 to the bus can be set in real time through an algorithm, and the The current value is set to the host computer or the upper computer 8 to report and upload. According to the requirements of the host computer or the upper computer 8, various compensation algorithms can be performed to confirm the real-time current, and the real-time response to each interrupt processing request is finally realized. The input and output of the smart battery cell 1 to the busbar Current real-time control;

The battery operation protection control unit 34 is used to control the charging and discharging of the battery according to the specific data of the type of the battery cell and the electrical parameters, and to make protection and control actions in real time for the occurrence of faults; the battery operation corresponds to the charging and discharging of the battery, Compare the real-time data according to the battery operation diagram of the type of built-in battery. If it exceeds the reasonable data range of the normal operation of the battery, real-time adjustments can be made and the host computer or upper computer 8 can be communicated. If a fault occurs based on the data, protection and control actions are taken in real time to prevent further failures. expand;

The battery intelligent identification unit 31 , the battery electrical performance intelligent monitoring unit 32 , the battery current real-time distribution control unit 33 and the battery operation protection control unit 34 form the main control unit 30 .

The intelligent battery management power module 3 further includes: a battery data collection unit 35 connected to the main control unit 30 for collecting electrical parameter data of battery cells;

It is connected with the main control unit 30 and the battery data acquisition unit 35, and is used to obtain the auxiliary power supply unit 36 used as an auxiliary power supply; the auxiliary power supply energy acquisition can be obtained from the connected battery core, or from the output busbar or built-in button small battery acquisition;

Connect with the auxiliary power supply unit 36 and the main control unit 30, use an isolation transformer to prevent the bus voltage from being added to the power unit 37 on the battery when the unit fails; the power unit 37 has an isolation transformer to prevent the bus voltage from being applied to the unit when it fails Add it to the battery to avoid safety accidents such as explosions;

Connected with the power unit 37, it is used to prevent electrical interference and adapt to the EMC protection unit 38 of different electromagnetic compatibility environments; when multiple smart battery cores 1 work together, there will be various electrical interferences, and each smart battery core 1 adds Install EMC protection unit to reduce interference and adapt to complex electromagnetic compatibility environment;

Connected with the power unit 37, it is used to identify the hot-swappable interface unit 39 for on-line plugging and unplugging of the smart battery cores when the smart battery pack is running; the physical connection mode of each smart battery core 1 in the smart battery pack 4 is hot-swappable In this way, when the whole battery pack is running, a certain intelligent battery cell can be plugged and unplugged online as needed, and the hot-swappable interface unit 39 can be added with a hot-swappable protection unit to adapt to various interferences of online plugging;

Connected with the hot-swappable interface unit 39 and the main control unit 30, it is used to accept the master-slave CAN bus communication unit 40 controlled by the host computer or the smart battery core as the host; each smart battery core 1 can accept the control of the host computer 8 As a slave, or without a host computer 8 o'clock, randomly select a smart battery cell as the master, and the others are cluster machines. When the master fails, then randomly select a normal working smart battery as the master. The communication method is CAN, strong anti-interference ability.

Further, in the management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein the output of the intelligent battery pack 4 is selected as an AC voltage or as a DC voltage, the power unit 37 includes: A bidirectional AC/DC power unit 371 with separate charging and discharging functions for AC output or a bidirectional DC/DC power unit 372 for customizing voltage levels and DC output.

When the power unit 37 is a bidirectional AC/DC power unit 371, the smart battery pack outputs with an AC bus; when the power unit 37 is a bidirectional DC/DC power unit 372, the smart battery pack outputs with a DC bus output.

The battery core interface end of the bidirectional AC/DC power unit 371 is applied to the battery with a minimum voltage of 1V to adapt to various types of batteries. When the interface terminal is not connected to the external power grid, the output voltage for UPS mode is stable AC380V, AC220V, AC110V, etc. If it is connected to the external AC power grid, the smart battery pack is synchronized with the external AC power grid (for example, the external AC voltage range is 90V-264V when the AV220V level is accepted) , so as to realize that each battery cell can be charged and discharged independently on demand at the same time.

The DC voltage bus terminal can be customized from 48V to 800V as required. When the external AC grid is connected to charge, an AC-DC conversion unit must be added to adjust to the required voltage level of the bidirectional DC/DC power unit 372 to prevent failure.

Please refer to FIG. 6 . FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the control method of the management system of the intelligent battery pack of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, a management system control method for a smart battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

Step S100, forming a smart battery cell by connecting a single battery cell with a smart battery management power module, and connecting multiple smart battery cells in parallel to form a smart battery pack for outputting DC or AC;

Step S200, the smart battery pack is connected to a power distribution unit through an output terminal of an AC bus or a DC bus, and the power distribution unit is connected to a load for power supply;

Step S300, each smart battery cell in the smart battery pack communicates through the CAN bus mode, and is used to accept the control of the upper computer or the smart battery cell as the host through the CAN bus mode;

Step S400, when any smart battery cell fails during the operation of the smart battery pack, the faulty smart battery cell is processed in real time online according to the fault type, and the smart battery cell with the highest level of fault is electrically removed from the smart battery pack in real time. In addition, the intelligent battery pack continues to operate and supply power without power failure.

In the present invention, a single battery cell is independently managed and discharged by the intelligent battery management power module, and the operating range can be operated from 0% of the electric capacity to 100% of the electric capacity, which greatly improves the actual battery capacity of the battery pack and improves the power consumption. The use time of the equipment and the discharge current of each battery cell can be determined according to the electrical characteristics of the battery cell, and batteries with different electrical properties can also be mixed to save users' economic costs.

The control method for the management system of the intelligent battery pack, wherein, the intelligent battery cores are composed of single battery cores of the same type or different types of single battery cores connected to intelligent battery management power modules; The electrical removal method from the intelligent battery pack is a hot-swapping method; each intelligent battery core is connected to a fault indicator light, and when the fault indicator light connected to the intelligent battery core lights up, it indicates that a fault needs to be repaired, and the intelligent battery core After sensing the fault, turn off its own output and exit the operation and notify the upper computer or the host computer. When repairs are possible, hot-swap the faulty smart battery cell according to the fault indicator light, and use the same type of battery cell to replace the faulty battery cell online in real time or replace it. The intelligent battery manages the power module, and the maintenance process does not affect the power supply of the entire intelligent battery pack.

A single battery cell is managed separately by the intelligent battery management power module. Any micro-fault of the battery has corresponding measures, which will not cause damage to electrical performance. Unforeseen physical damage such as extrusion and collision of the battery cell will immediately cause the faulty battery cell to withdraw from electrical operation. , so the battery life is extremely high.

As shown in Figure 7, the processing flow when a certain intelligent battery cell fails during the operation of the intelligent battery pack, the processing flow is as follows:

S1, through the smart battery management power module to monitor whether the slave (as the smart battery cell of the slave) is in a normal working state;

S2, when the slave machine is not working or crashes, the master (or host computer) controls the faulty smart battery cell to turn off its own output and exit operation (S5) or compensate and correct the faulty smart battery cell through the smart battery management power module (S4) ;

S3, when the slave machine is monitored to be in a normal working state, the slave machine continues to sense the battery failure;

S4, when the slave machine perceives a micro-fault in the battery, it compensates and corrects the faulty intelligent battery core through the intelligent battery management power module;

S5, when the slave machine senses that the battery has a serious failure (the failure level is the highest level, and the management system can pre-set the failure level), the master (or host computer) controls the faulty intelligent battery cell to turn off its own output and exit the operation.

In the following, the working principle of the intelligent battery management power module independently controlling a single battery cell in the present invention and the processing process when the intelligent battery pack fails will be described (illustrated with examples).

As shown in Figure 8, when the number of smart battery cells in the smart battery pack of the present invention is 3 (the number is not limited in actual use, the number of smart battery cells can be increased or decreased according to actual needs), the 3 smart battery cells are respectively Indicated by A, B, and C. In this embodiment, three smart battery cells are connected in parallel (charging or discharging) to output AC220 at a constant voltage. Of course, they can also output AC110V, AC380V or output DC voltage. lithium iron phosphate battery), but the battery capacity is different, when the battery capacity of A is 10AH, the battery capacity of B is 30AH, and the battery capacity of C is 60AH.

When the smart battery pack is working normally, A outputs 10% of the total current, B outputs 30% of the total current, and C outputs 60% of the total current. Each single cell in A, B, and C is connected to a smart battery management power The module is used to individually manage and control a single battery cell connected to the smart battery management power module. When B of the three smart battery cells has the highest level of failure, the smart battery management power module of the smart battery cell B controls B to stop supplying power to the outside world. At the same time, notify the host or host computer to report the failure of B; then the host or host computer controls the smart battery pack to be powered by A and C, and the capacity ratio of A and C is 10:60=1:6, according to A and The capacity ratio relationship of C is 1:6, and A bears 1/7 of the total current of 30% of B's capacity, which is 30%*1/7=4.3%, which means that A will output 10%+4.3%=14.3% next The total current, C bears 6/7 of 30% of the total current of B capacity, that is, 30%*6/7=25.7%, that is to say, C will output 60%+25.7%=85.7% of the total current, reaching the entire The purpose of the smart battery pack still being able to operate without power, so that the smart battery pack can continue to operate without power in real time to supply power to the load. That is to say, a certain smart battery cell in the smart battery pack has the highest level of failure, which will not affect the power supply of the whole smart battery pack. When the failure level is low, the smart battery management power module will compensate and correct the corresponding failure. At the same time, the smart battery core that cannot be compensated and corrected can be replaced online by hot swapping.

Although the residual power of the batteries of A, B and C mentioned above are inconsistent, they can be charged and discharged according to the current specified by the host or the host computer. When A, B and C have the least power stored in A, then A can be controlled to discharge less. The B and C of B and C are more discharged, and the charging current can also be quickly charged according to the difference of the remaining power according to the setting of the host or the host computer, thereby saving charging time.

In addition, the types of individual battery cells of A, B, and C may also be inconsistent. When there are two types of battery cells, such as lithium iron phosphate batteries and lead-acid batteries, the intelligent battery management power module controls the charging and discharging of lithium iron phosphate batteries. The core terminal voltage is DC3.3V, the bus output is AC220V, the lead-acid cell terminal voltage is DC12V, and the bus output is AC220V; the bus output current can be discharged at a large rate in a short time according to the characteristics of the lithium iron phosphate cell. Current charging; the output current of the bus bar can be discharged at a small rate and charged at a small current according to the characteristics of the lead-acid battery. That is to say, the present invention can be compatible with batteries of different types (for example: lead-acid, nickel metal hydride, lithium polymer, lithium-iron batteries, etc.) .

When the smart battery pack is running and in use, if some battery cells have various failures due to various reasons, these faulty battery cells can be electrically removed from the system in real time online, so that the battery pack can continue to operate without power supply in real time. The load power supply greatly improves the reliability of battery pack charging and discharging operation, greatly reduces the cost of battery pack operation and maintenance, and truly realizes that when the electric equipment is powered by the battery pack, there will be no vicious accident of sudden power failure, which improves the reliability of the battery pack. The operation safety of electrical equipment, in addition, the internal energy of the battery cells of the battery pack can be maximized for charging and discharging, and the consistency of electrical properties such as the internal resistance and capacity of the single battery cells can be ignored when the power battery pack is composed of finished products Even battery cells of different voltage levels and different types from different manufacturers can form a qualified battery pack through this method, and the mixed use of battery pack products will not be restricted by manufacturers or restricted by various electrical properties of single cell cells. Customers provide high-reliability power service capabilities.

A single battery cell is independently managed and charged by an intelligent module. The battery pack does not need to be charged by a traditional professional charging pile, and the charging management method has changed. During implementation, it is only necessary to connect the external AC power supply to the AC bus of the smart battery pack, saving massive social deployment piles Cost; the charging current and charging voltage of each battery cell can be determined according to the electrical characteristics of the battery cell, and the charging time of each battery cell can be determined according to the allowable charging current of each cell, so the battery pack can be charged with the same amount of electricity than the traditional charging pile. The current charging method saves a lot of time and improves charging efficiency.

After the battery cell production line is produced, there is no need to screen according to the capacity, and the battery pack can be directly assembled with battery cells of different capacities. A battery management system (BMS) that does not need to install a whole battery pack when the electrical equipment is powered by a smart battery pack.

The electrical equipment can carry the battery pack with the corresponding capacity to run according to the demand, and can be added or subtracted at any time as needed (hot-swappable mode), so that there will be no phenomenon of carrying a large-capacity and heavy-weight battery pack for short-term operation. Greatly improved battery efficiency. It is also possible to add smart battery cells to increase the power supply capacity of the entire battery pack when the battery pack is running in real time and without power interruption.

In addition, the present invention does not require the consistency of electrical parameters for many battery cells. For example, a battery cell with a capacity of 10.2AH can be shared with a battery cell with a capacity of 102AH, or a battery cell with a residual capacity of 10% of the battery can be shared with a battery cell with a capacity of 100%. That is to say, batteries of different capacities can be mixed; the entire battery pack can be shared by lithium iron phosphate battery cells and lead-acid battery cells, that is to say, different types of batteries can also be mixed.

To sum up, the present invention discloses a management system and control method for a smart battery pack, the management system includes: a smart battery pack, the smart battery pack is composed of a plurality of smart battery cells connected in parallel, each smart battery cell It consists of an intelligent battery management power module connected to a single battery cell; the first output ends of multiple intelligent battery cells are connected together, and the second output ends are connected together to form an AC bus or DC bus output end. The intelligent battery management The power module is used to individually manage and control a single battery cell connected to the intelligent battery management power module, and manage the failure of a single battery cell in real time. When a single battery cell fails, the intelligent battery management power module performs corresponding processing according to the failure level of a single battery cell , when it is the highest level of failure, the smart battery core stops supplying power to the outside world, and at the same time notifies the host or upper computer, the entire smart battery pack is still running without power.

The present invention electrically removes faulty battery cores from the system in real time on-line, so that the battery pack can continue to operate in real time without power supply, greatly improving the reliability of battery pack charging and discharging operation, reducing the cost of battery pack operation and maintenance, and realizing It prevents sudden power outage accidents when the electric equipment is powered by the battery pack, and improves the operation safety of the electric equipment.

Of course, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be realized by instructing related hardware (such as processors, controllers, etc.) through computer programs, and the programs can be stored in a In the computer-readable storage medium, the program may include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executed. The storage medium mentioned herein may be a memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like.

It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art can make improvements or transformations according to the above descriptions, and all these improvements and transformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A management system for an intelligent battery pack, characterized in that the management system includes: An intelligent battery pack, the intelligent battery pack is composed of multiple intelligent battery cells connected in parallel, and each intelligent battery cell is composed of an intelligent battery management power module connected to a single battery cell; The respective first output ends of multiple intelligent battery cells are connected together, and the second output ends are connected together to form an AC bus or a DC bus output, and the AC bus or DC bus output is connected to a power distribution unit; the power distribution unit connected to the load for power supply; The intelligent battery management power module is used to individually manage and control a single battery cell connected to the intelligent battery management power module, and manage the failure of a single battery cell in real time. When a single battery cell fails, the intelligent battery management power module The fault level is dealt with accordingly. When the fault is the highest level, the smart battery core stops supplying power to the outside, and at the same time notifies the host or upper computer, the entire smart battery pack is still running without power. 2. The management system of an intelligent battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent battery management power module comprises: A battery intelligent identification unit used to pre-set the electrical parameters of the battery cell, judge the battery type, compensate and correct the electrical parameters, collect and mark abnormal fault data, and issue interrupt processing requirements; The battery electrical performance intelligent monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time residual power capacity of the connected battery cell, and record the real-time voltage, current and temperature of the battery cell in real time; A battery current real-time distribution control unit for setting the input and output current values of the intelligent battery core in real time according to the type of battery core and electrical parameters, and responding in real time to the interrupt processing request issued by the battery intelligent identification unit; The battery operation protection control unit is used to control the charging and discharging of the battery according to the type of battery cell and the specific data of the electrical parameters, and to make protection and control actions in real time for the occurrence of faults; The battery intelligent identification unit, the battery electrical performance intelligent monitoring unit, the battery current real-time distribution management and control unit, and the battery operation protection management and control unit form a main control unit; A battery data collection unit connected to the main control unit for collecting electrical parameter data of battery cells; It is connected with the main control unit and the battery data acquisition unit, and is used to acquire voltage as an auxiliary power supply unit for auxiliary power supply; A power unit that is connected to the auxiliary power unit and the main control unit and uses an isolation transformer to prevent the bus voltage from being applied to the battery when the unit fails; An EMC protection unit that is connected with the power unit to prevent electrical interference and adapt to different electromagnetic compatibility environments; Connected with the power unit, used to identify the hot-swappable interface unit for on-line plugging and unplugging of the smart battery core when the smart battery pack is running; Connected with the hot-swappable interface unit and the main control unit, it is used to accept the host computer or the master-slave CAN bus communication unit controlled by the smart battery core as the host. 3. The management system of the intelligent battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, the output of the intelligent battery pack is selected as AC voltage or as DC voltage, and the power unit includes: used to realize the output of each battery cell At the same time, a bidirectional AC/DC power unit with independent charge and discharge function for AC output or a bidirectional DC/DC power unit for custom voltage level and DC output; When the power unit is a bidirectional AC/DC power unit, the intelligent battery pack outputs through an AC bus; When the power unit is a bidirectional DC/DC power unit, the intelligent battery pack outputs through a DC bus. 4. The management system of the intelligent battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, each intelligent battery core in the intelligent battery pack communicates through the CAN bus mode; all the intelligent battery cores are used to receive the upper The host or the intelligent battery core as the host is controlled, and the intelligent battery core as the host is selected from any intelligent battery core and set as the host. When the intelligent battery core as the host fails, the management system randomly selects the normal working intelligent battery core as the host. 5. The management system of the intelligent battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, the single battery cell and the intelligent battery management power module are installed close to each other; the positive and negative poles of the single battery core are correspondingly connected to the intelligent On the positive and negative poles of the input terminal of the battery management power module; the smart battery cell is composed of an intelligent battery management power module connected to a single battery cell, or connected to a battery cell group composed of an intelligent battery management power module and multiple battery cells connected in series composition. 6. The management system of an intelligent battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the physical connection mode of each intelligent battery cell in the intelligent battery pack is a hot-swappable mode, and when the intelligent battery pack is running, press the output The requirement of electric energy capacity can increase or decrease the number of smart battery cells by online plugging and unplugging. When a smart battery cell in the smart battery pack fails and is dealt with online, when conditions permit replacement and maintenance, the faulty smart battery can be repaired according to the fault indicator light. The battery cells are hot-swappable, and the faulty battery cells are replaced with the same type of battery cells or the intelligent battery management power module is replaced. 7. A management system control method for an intelligent battery pack, characterized in that it comprises: Step A, by connecting a single battery cell and an intelligent battery management power module to form an intelligent battery cell, and connecting multiple intelligent battery cells in parallel to form an intelligent battery pack for outputting DC or AC; Step B, the smart battery pack is connected to a power distribution unit through an output terminal of an AC bus or a DC bus, and the power distribution unit is connected to a load for power supply; Step C, each smart battery cell in the smart battery pack communicates through the CAN bus mode, and is used to accept the control of the upper computer or the smart battery cell as the host through the CAN bus mode; Step D, when any smart battery cell fails during the operation of the smart battery pack, the faulty smart battery cell is processed online in real time according to the fault type, and the smart battery cell with the highest level of failure is electrically removed from the smart battery pack in real time. In addition, the intelligent battery pack continues to operate and supply power without power failure. 8. The management system control method of an intelligent battery pack according to claim 7, wherein the type of a single battery cell includes a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, a lithium manganese phosphate battery cell, a lithium polymer battery cell, a lithium titanate battery cell, etc. cells, lead-acid cells, metal fuel cells, nickel-metal hydride cells, colloidal cells; the type of a single cell in the smart battery pack is arbitrarily selected from the type of the single cell, and the smart cell is composed of the same A single battery cell of different types or a single battery cell of different types connected to an intelligent battery management power module; the same intelligent battery pack can be composed of a mixture of different types of battery cells. 9. The control method for the management system of an intelligent battery pack according to claim 7, wherein the intelligent battery core with the highest level of failure is electrically removed from the intelligent battery pack in real time online, and the faulty intelligent battery core stop working; The maintenance method of the intelligent battery pack is hot-swapping when it is running. 10. The management system control method of an intelligent battery pack according to claim 9, wherein each intelligent battery core is connected to a fault indicator light, and when the fault indicator light connected to the intelligent battery core lights up, it indicates that a fault occurs and needs to be repaired , after the smart battery core detects a fault, it turns off its own output and exits the operation and notifies the upper computer or the host computer, and when repairs are possible, perform hot-swappable physical removal of the faulty smart battery core according to the fault indicator light, and then use the same type of The battery core replaces the faulty battery core or the intelligent battery management power module, and the repaired intelligent battery core is inserted back into the intelligent battery pack. The whole maintenance process does not stop the power supply of the entire intelligent battery pack.