CN102303542B - Detection system for vehicular storage battery - Google Patents
Detection system for vehicular storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102303542B CN102303542B CN201110165899A CN201110165899A CN102303542B CN 102303542 B CN102303542 B CN 102303542B CN 201110165899 A CN201110165899 A CN 201110165899A CN 201110165899 A CN201110165899 A CN 201110165899A CN 102303542 B CN102303542 B CN 102303542B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection system for a vehicular storage battery. The detection system comprises a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a signal acquiring and converting module, a display interface, a keyboard interface and an alarming circuit as well as a power supply circuit. The detection system disclosed by the invention can be used for detecting under-layer important information of a storage battery on line in real time, mainly detecting terminal voltage forming single section of battery in the battery pack, discharging current and charging current of the battery pack, the temperature of the battery and other important information and simultaneously acquiring ambient temperature for referencing. The system can be used for directly displaying the information. On the basis, various analysis functions to the acquired information are achieved, wherein the analysis functions mainly comprise unbalanced judgment of the battery, temperature abnormal indication, over charging indication, over discharging indication and deep charging indication. In addition, the indication of residual electric quantity and the judgment on the health condition of the battery can be realized so as to provide effective help for users using the battery to better use and maintain the batteries.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the battery management technical field, particularly automobile battery checking system
.
Background technology
Current driving force type storage battery, is used very extensively on the particularly present popular Electrical Bicycle at railway locomotive, electronlmobil.Their common feature is the series connection of more piece same battery, in groups to electric.But vehicle control system is too single to the battery status information reflection mostly now.Electrical Bicycle to be widely used at present is an example, has only reflected the voltage swing of whole Battery pack on the read-out, in order to weigh the dump energy of current storage battery.On the one hand, the total voltage of battery pack and remaining battery capacity do not have fine linear relationship, and be not high to the indication fiduciary level of residual capacity; Find in actual use, when battery reality not for a long time, electricity meter is completely indication still; Find just in the driving process that the electricity meter indication descends very fast; Can at this moment go on the way,, cause unnecessary trouble owing to can't correct estimation be arranged to battery dump energy in advance.On the other hand, the information indication is too single, and is unfavorable to effective maintenance of storage battery.Owing to do not know in actual driving procedure, what kind of influence the action of oneself has produced to storage battery actually, and the user often has blindness to the use of battery-driven car, so storage battery is all damaging unconsciously, scrapping mostly.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of automobile battery checking system, can carry out real-time online to the bottom important information of battery pack and detect, show and report to the police.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of automobile battery checking system, by CPU and connected acquisition of signal and modular converter, display interface device, keyboard interface, warning circuit, and power circuit is formed;
Acquisition of signal and modular converter are made up of voltage collection circuit, current acquisition circuit, temperature collection circuit and A/D change-over circuit; Wherein voltage collection circuit is made up of voltage incircuit and photoelectricity coupled circuit, and system all gathers the every batteries voltage of battery pack, and voltage converts 0 ~ 5V signal to through photoelectric coupled circuit and imports said A/D change-over circuit; The current acquisition circuit adopts TBC06DS Hall type current sensor, and electric current converts 0 ~ 5V signal to through Hall element and imports said A/D change-over circuit; The A/D change-over circuit adopts the TLC2543CN modulus conversion chip, converts voltage and current signal to digital quantity and delivers to said CPU processing; Temperature collection circuit adopts DS18B20 digital temperature chip directly to be read by said CPU;
CPU adopts the STC11F60XE type micro controller system of 8051 kernels, is system core part, is responsible for various data handings and logic determines task;
Display interface device adopts TFT type LCD, and 240 * 320 RGB lattice lcds directly link to each other with said cpu data line;
Keyboard interface adopts 5 press-key structures, constitutes navigation key and acknowledgement key up and down, is used for system interface is operated, and button adopts interrupt mode to be connected with said CPU, and the low level useful signal warp of 5 buttons produces interrupt signal with door;
Warning circuit comprises buzzer phone and triode, and said CPU drives aerotron, and transistor base low level control break-make drives the buzzer phone sounding.
Power circuit adopts LM2576 chip and IL1117 chip, and the power supply power supply voltage is taken from the 12V voltage of final section battery in the series battery, produces 5V voltage through LM2576 and supplies power to system, produces 3.3V low pressure through IL1117 again and supplies power to LCDs.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is:
The present invention can carry out real-time online to the bottom important information of battery pack and detect; Mainly detected and constituted the terminal voltage of each single battery of battery pack and discharge current, the charging current of battery pack; Important informations such as the temperature of battery, and gathered ambient temperature simultaneously, in order to reference.System can directly show these information.On this basis, realized multiple analytic function, mainly contained that the battery overbalance is judged, temperature anomaly indicate, overcharge, overdischarge, deep discharge indicate Information Monitoring.And can realize the indication of residual capacity and the judgement of battery health situation, give battery user better the O&M battery provide effectively and help.
Description of drawings
For the technical scheme in the clearer explanation embodiment of the invention, below employed accompanying drawing among the embodiment is made brief account.These accompanying drawings constitute the application's a part, do not constitute qualification of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is an entire system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of voltage incircuit.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of optical coupling isolation circuit.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of current acquisition circuit.
Fig. 5 is the variation relation figure of output voltage with received current.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of temperature collection circuit.
Fig. 7 is the scheme drawing of multipoint temperature measuring system.
Fig. 8 is the scheme drawing of single-chip minimum system.
Fig. 9 is the functional block diagram of A/D convertor circuit.
Figure 10 is A/D convertor circuit and interface microcontroller scheme drawing.
Figure 11 is 5 button scheme drawings of keyboard.
Figure 12 is button and interruption and interface microcontroller scheme drawing.
Figure 13 is telltale and interface microcontroller scheme drawing.
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of warning circuit.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of power circuit.
Figure 16 is a systemic-function scheme drawing of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is comprehensively described, obviously, described embodiment only is part embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.Further specify below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
The entire system explanation
Be to realize systemic-function, the present invention by CPU, with CPU bonded assembly acquisition of signal and modular converter, display interface device, keyboard interface, warning circuit, and be the power circuit (not shown in figure 1) composition of system and monitor power supply.The entire block diagram of hardware system is as shown in Figure 1.
Acquisition of signal and modular converter are made up of voltage collection circuit, current acquisition circuit, temperature collection circuit and A/D change-over circuit; Wherein voltage collection circuit is made up of voltage incircuit and photoelectricity coupled circuit, and system all gathers the every batteries voltage of battery pack, and voltage converts 0 ~ 5V signal input A/D change-over circuit to through photoelectric coupled circuit; The current acquisition circuit adopts TBC06DS Hall type current sensor, and electric current converts 0 ~ 5V signal input A/D change-over circuit to through Hall element; The A/D change-over circuit adopts the TLC2543CN modulus conversion chip, converts voltage and current signal to digital quantity and delivers to the CPU processing; Temperature collection circuit adopts DS18B20 digital temperature chip directly to be read by CPU.CPU adopts the STC11F60XE type micro controller system of 8051 kernels at a high speed, is system core part, is responsible for various data handings and logic determines task.Display interface device adopts TFT type LCD, and 240 * 320 RGB lattice lcds directly link to each other with the cpu data line.Keyboard interface adopts 5 press-key structures, constitutes navigation key and acknowledgement key up and down, is used for system interface is operated, and button adopts interrupt mode to be connected with CPU, and the low level useful signal warp of 5 buttons produces interrupt signal with door.Warning circuit, its function is reported to the police by the read-out flicker and buzzer phone sounding alarm two parts are formed, and the read-out flicker is reported to the police and is partly accomplished by read-out; The buzzer phone sounding alarm partly comprises buzzer phone and triode, and CPU drives aerotron, and transistor base low level control break-make drives the buzzer phone sounding.Power module; Adopt LM2576 s-5.0 chip and IL1117-3.3 chip; The power supply power supply voltage is taken from the 12V voltage of final section battery in the series battery, produces 5V voltage through LM2576 and gives the power supply of 5V system, produces 3.3V low pressure through IL1117 again and supplies power to LCDs.
Below will each circuit module among the present invention be described one by one:
Voltage collection circuit
Battery pack is made up of some batteries, and single battery inside is made up of a plurality of cells.Cell is the basic composition unit of battery pack, and a general monomer battery voltage is 2V, and 6 cell series connection constitute a joint 12V battery.Since production technology with become the inconsistent of product process, cause inside battery cell capacity each other that deviation is arranged, thereby directly cause the deviation of capacity between battery.
Because battery is to use with series system, therefore, if having capacity unbalance between each batteries, the part over-charging of battery just inevitably takes place in whole Battery pack, cross the phenomenon of putting or thanks to filling.The further deterioration that this will strengthen battery performance again causes the overbalance degree between battery further to widen, and gets into vicious circle.
Therefore, find the energy imbalance of battery pack timely and effectively, find out behindhand battery (being the lower battery of voltage ratio), the battery maintenance performance is had very important significance.
Judge that the unbalanced conventional method of battery is monomer battery voltage to be followed the tracks of detect relatively.But general single battery all encapsulates inside 6 joint cells, to the outside terminals is provided, and therefore is difficult for measuring the terminal voltage of cell.Therefore, general way is to detect the terminal voltage of single battery in the battery pack.The foundation of doing like this is; If a certain cell et out of order in the batteries then is difficult to covered by average effect, that is to say; The faulty condition of inner cell can reflect through single battery, and the least unit that battery failure is handled is a single battery.Common way is to change the single battery that falls behind in the battery pack, and therefore, when carrying out the overbalance detection, we take the conforming method of comparative list batteries terminal voltage.
System all gathers the every batteries voltage of battery pack, gathers to be divided into voltage access partial sum photoelectricity coupling unit two parts composition.Voltage inserts part each single-unit terminals connecting system of storage battery, and protects through wire fuse at system front end, afterwards the voltage that inserts is inserted effectively with the diode instructed voltage.
The voltage incircuit is as shown in Figure 2, and wire fuse adopts the 4A safety fuse cutout, if system is short-circuited, safety fuse cutout can cut off battery rapidly, thereby plays a protective role.Insert the back lumination of light emitting diode at battery, pilot cell inserts effectively, if safety fuse cutout blows or battery terminal voltage is low excessively, then diode does not work, and it is invalid that pilot cell inserts, and should detect wire fuse or change battery.
After above-mentioned processing, the 12V cell pressure is isolated through photoelectricity coupled circuit as shown in Figure 3.Because A and D converter requires measurement signal altogether, battery is connected in series again, certainly leads to high CMV, therefore needs to adopt photoelectricity to isolate the transmission voltage signal.Light-coupled isolation can also prevent that the forceful electric power signal of major loop from scurrying into weak electricity system in addition, improves system safety.
As shown in Figure 3, optocoupler adopts HCNR201, and it is a high precision linear optical coupling, and nonlinearity reaches 0.05%, has guaranteed the accuracy of voltage acquisition.
The principle of work of optocoupler is that the voltage signal with loop to be detected imposes on LED; LED sends infrared light irradiates light electric diode and produces electric current, and the variation that applies voltage signal causes the luminous intensity variations of LED, thereby the electric current of the photodiode that causes flowing through changes; Thereby electricity-light-electricity of realizing signal transforms; Owing to adopt the optical signal coupling, thoroughly break off directly being electrically connected between circuit, thereby realize the isolation of signal.
The electric current that preceding magnitude voltage signals that general optocoupler applies or the electric current of LED and photodiode produce is non-linear.Linear optical coupling has increased by one and has been used for the prime signal feedback is regulated with the original identical photodiode PD1 of parameter on the basis of common optocoupler, thereby realizes the linear transfer of optocoupler.
Its cardinal principle is a negative-feedback principle.As shown in Figure 3, the prime importation, amplifier A1 constitutes inverse feedback.Its negative feedback process is: when A1 output increased (reducing), the LED electric current increased (reducing), the luminous grow of LED (weak), and the PD1 electric current increases (reducing), and the R1 pressure drop increases (reducing), and the amplifier input reduces (increase), and amplifier output reduces (increase).Regulate down at inverse feedback, the prime input reaches balance, and according to the empty short empty characteristics of breaking behind the amplifier inverse feedback, positive input voltage is earth potential G1, i.e. single-unit storage battery negative terminal current potential, and then the PD1 electric current is:
PD1 is identical with the PD2 parameter again; Receive illumination again much at one; Then
is approximately equal to
, and relation is arranged:
Wherein the representative value of
is 1, and absolute error is within 0.05.Can think that the two equates.
Mouth, A2 converts current signal to voltage signal, and according to the short empty disconnected characteristic of void, A2 reverse input end current potential is earth potential G2, is the ground of 5V system equally, and the earth potential of this ground and prime input is isolated fully.Then output voltage is:
To sum up, the relation of preceding magnitude voltage signals and output voltage is:
Native system
, then
.
The monomer voltage linearity of 0-15V is converted into 0-5V voltage.
The above-mentioned collection of accomplishing one road voltage, all the other acquisition channels are identical therewith.Because prime fortune is sent out and adopted single amplifier LM321, by the cell direct supply, has solved the high-voltage problem of common mode, back level fortune is sent out and is adopted LMV324, and with the unified power supply of 5V voltage, each road output signal has solved series battery monomer differential mode voltage problem altogether altogether.
The current acquisition circuit
As shown in Figure 4, current acquisition adopts TBC06DS Hall type current sensor, and this sensor measurement scope is wide, can measure reversal, and unidirectional current measurement range 0-19.2A satisfies the measurement needs of battery-driven car working current fully.Its secondary power supply only needs the 5V power supply, need not negative supply, has simplified the system power supply design.The output linearity is high, can accurately measure, and output voltage range 0-5V, need not conditioning can directly change through A/D.
This sensor output voltage is as shown in Figure 5 with the variation relation of received current.
Temperature collection circuit
As shown in Figure 6, system adopts single wire bus device DS18B20 as temperature sensor.DS18B20 is the single bus digital temperature sensor.Only need a data lines with CPU transmission, and a plurality of chips of carry simultaneously on the data lines, each chip have unique 64 ROM number, can come identification chip through this number relatively.This chip have micro-miniaturisation, low-power consumption, High Performance, antijamming capability strong, be prone to join advantage such as treater.Can directly pass through 1 position datawire serial communication with micro controller system; Its inner unique chip number is particularly suitable for forming the multimetering system; And, can directly be supplied power by data line less than 8 o'clock in number of chips, only need drawn high data line in the bus transfer idle periods and get final product.
Native system adopts the chip of TO-92 type encapsulation, and its volume is urinated in installation, and the chip contact can fully contact with battery electrode, is convenient to accurately measure the temperature of storage battery.
Under normal thermometric situation, the temperature detection scope of chip can reach-55 ℃ to+125 ℃, and intrinsic resolution can reach 0.5 ℃.Native system is measured the temperature of 4 batteries, adds ambient temperature totally 5 tunnel temperature, therefore uses 5 DS18B20, and directly is articulated on the bus, and chip service contamination line is supplied power, and has reduced the number of transmission line.The multipoint temperature measuring system that chip and micro controller system constitute is as shown in Figure 7.
CPU (single-chip minimum system)
CPU is a system core part, is responsible for various data handings and logic determines task.The present invention adopts micro controller system as central controller, and the micro controller system volume is little, price is low, chip integration has become abundant peripheral hardware resource, can conveniently constitute minimum system.
Adopt the STC11F60XE type micro controller system of 8051 kernels.This micro controller system is the high-speed type chip, 1 machine cycle/clock period, instruction execution speed than the fast 8-12 of common 8051 micro controller systems doubly, high energy reaches 24 times, can conveniently drive high-speed peripherals such as liquid crystal.
In the chip slapper ROM be the program store capacity up to 60KB, expand the RAM of 1280 bytes, therefore need not to carry out memory expansion.
It is that crystal oscillator can be formed single-chip minimum system that chip only needs external electrify restoration circuit.Because the P0 mouth must external 10K pull-up resistor when therefore doing the port use for opening Lou output.Single-chip minimum system is as shown in Figure 8.
A/D convertor circuit
Voltage and current signal converts the 0-5V range of voltages to through Acquisition Circuit, and these signals just can send micro controller system to handle after A and D converter converts digital quantity to.
Its inner structure block diagram is as shown in Figure 9, and modulus conversion chip adopts TLC2543CN.This model is 12 high precision digital-to-analog converters, communicates by letter with handler through spi bus, only needs two data lines and a clock cable just can accomplish data transmit-receive.Inside has multiple way switch can gather nearly 11 tunnel analog signals.Change-over period is short, accomplishes the time that once conversion only needs 10us, can accomplish the high-speed sampling of signal.
VREF (Voltage Reference) is 5V, can directly connect the 5V system power supply, need not the reference circuits of special.
Because 8051 micro controller systems do not have the spi bus hardware interface, we utilize one-chip machine port simulation spi bus sequential, accomplish communicating by letter between micro controller system and AD, transform end signal and connect micro controller system and interrupt for No. 0, and micro controller system is through interrupt mode control AD conversion.AD and interface microcontroller are shown in figure 10.
Keyboard interface
The system disposition keyboard is used for system interface is operated.For simplifying input operation, keyboard adopts 5 press-key structures, constitutes navigation key and acknowledgement key up and down, and is shown in figure 11.
Button and interruption and interface microcontroller are shown in figure 12.Button adopts the stand-alone keypad mode to be connected with micro controller system, and promptly P mouth of each key assignments is used to read key-press status.Keyboard adopts interrupt mode to be connected with micro controller system, and the low level useful signal warp of 5 buttons produces interrupt signal with door.Wherein stopping pregnancy carded sliver spare is, as long as 5 buttons have a low level signal, then produces the low level break request signal, can realize this function with door.For realizing the logic determines of 5 road signals, adopt two four inputs of 74HC21D to realize this function with door, concrete grammar is that 4 road signals connect one four input and door, its output signal again with the 5 road signal with, just can realize the phase and the function of 5 road signals.
Display interface device
We choose the LCD lattice lcd as display module interface display.LCD chooses 2.4 cun TFT types, 240 * 320 resolution color liquid crystals.This liquid crystal adopts ILI9325 as controller.
Picture element point chromatic of liquid crystal is 16 565 form RGB RGBs, and the data bus bit wide is set to 8, directly links to each other with micro controller system 8 position datawires.Liquid crystal and interface microcontroller are shown in figure 13.
Warning circuit
For the warning of unusual condition, the present invention utilizes buzzer phone to give the alarm.Buzzer phone is by the Single-chip Controlling break-make, because drive current is bigger, product drives with aerotron.The warning driving circuit is shown in figure 14, and wherein 8550 is the PNP triode, base stage low level control conducting, buzzer phone sounding.
Power circuit
Shown in figure 15, the system body chip all needs the 5V power supply, and LCD backlight needs 3.3V.The power supply power supply voltage is taken from the 12V voltage of final section battery in the series battery, after the LM2576 voltage stabilizing, forms 5V voltage, is becoming 3.3V through the IL1117 voltage stabilizing.
Systemic-function explanation of the present invention
Main process of the present invention is that voltage, electric current, the temperature signal of storage battery sent into system after gathering, and system carries out realizing correlation function and draw needing data presented after the relevant treatment to data, send interface display.
Shown in figure 16, systemic-function is divided into 5 modules, is respectively that running state shows, the storage battery relevant information is checked, alarm activation, discharging test environment, historical archives record.
(1) running state shows
This function is indicated at the significant data of driving process battery-driven car, and it is operated in the battery band actual loading when carrying out practical application.The size of main demonstration storage battery current residual electric weight and current discharge current also is a load intensity.And dope storage battery according to current discharge current and also can how long work.Owing to consider that the user need not be concerned about the numerical value of concrete electric current and the ampere-hour number of capacity of cell in use, so these two information then provide occurrence excess time all with the qualitative demonstration of graphics mode to discharging.In addition, be convenient for reference, also this exhaustion of accumulator duration shown in the lump.
In operational process, also provide the equilibrium situation of each batteries of battery pack in real time.
(2) the storage battery relevant information is checked
This part is used for showing that some do not need the direct raw information of paying close attention to of user and some to need not the information that shows in real time at operational process.Be mainly used in the information of checking numerical value that cell pressure, electric current, temperature etc. are concrete and SOC, SOH.
(3) alarm activation
This part of functions is used for various abnormal condition are carried out real-time inspection and produced alerting signal.Pressure reduction surpasses the alarm of setting value generation battery overbalance between single battery; Overcharge with the relatively generation of setting upper limit value and lower limit value, cross and put alarm through comparing battery terminal voltage; Electric current surpasses predetermined value and produces the deep discharge alarm, and temperature anomaly, electric weight deficiency, battery are judged to lose efficacy and all produce corresponding alarm.
(4) discharging test environment
This module is provided with a software environment that is used for storage battery is done the property checked discharging test specially, under this environment, only needs accumulators to be full of the external again Constant Current Load of electricity and just can check discharging test.This function can accomplish corresponding discharge curve drafting, draw battery pack actual capacity and battery pack SOH information.
(5) historical archives record
This function mainly stores some information important in the storage battery use.Like relevant informations such as total use ampere-hour number, exception records.
These modules connect through navigation block, can conveniently switch each other.
In sum; The present invention can carry out real-time online to the bottom important information of battery pack and detect, and has promptly mainly detected to constitute the terminal voltage of each single battery of battery pack and discharge current, the charging current of battery pack, important informations such as the temperature of battery; And gathered ambient temperature simultaneously, in order to reference.System can directly show these information.On this basis, realized multiple analytic function, mainly contained that the battery overbalance is judged, temperature anomaly indicate, overcharge, overdischarge, deep discharge indicate Information Monitoring.For the indication of residual capacity, taked ampere-hour integral method and the method that the open circuit voltage method combines, considered the actual capacity difference that different electric flows down, introduced charge discharge efficiency and temperature correction, can predict current capacity more accurately.Also designed the arbitration functions of battery health situation (SOH).These functions all will to battery user better the O&M battery provide effectively and to help.As additional function, also complementary design drafting, the battery of battery charging and discharging curve check discharging test, historical data is filed with correlation function such as check.
Above-described only is preferred implementation of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment.Be appreciated that other improvement and variation that those skilled in the art directly derive or associate under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention and design, all should think to be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. automobile battery checking system is characterized in that: by CPU and connected acquisition of signal and modular converter, display interface device, keyboard interface, warning circuit, and power circuit is formed;
Acquisition of signal and modular converter are made up of voltage collection circuit, current acquisition circuit, temperature collection circuit and A/D change-over circuit; Wherein voltage collection circuit is made up of voltage incircuit and photoelectricity coupled circuit, and system all gathers the every batteries voltage of battery pack, and voltage converts 0 ~ 5V signal to through photoelectric coupled circuit and imports said A/D change-over circuit; The current acquisition circuit adopts TBC06DS Hall type current sensor, and electric current converts 0 ~ 5V signal to through Hall element and imports said A/D change-over circuit; The A/D change-over circuit adopts the TLC2543CN modulus conversion chip, converts voltage and current signal to digital quantity and delivers to said CPU processing; Temperature collection circuit adopts DS18B20 digital temperature chip directly to be read by said CPU;
CPU adopts the STC11F60XE type micro controller system of 8051 kernels, is system core part, is responsible for various data handings and logic determines task;
Display interface device adopts TFT type LCD, and 240 * 320 RGB lattice lcds directly link to each other with said cpu data line;
Keyboard interface adopts 5 press-key structures, constitutes navigation key and acknowledgement key up and down, is used for system interface is operated, and button adopts interrupt mode to be connected with said CPU, and the low level useful signal warp of 5 buttons produces interrupt signal with door;
Warning circuit comprises buzzer phone and triode, and said CPU drives aerotron, and transistor base low level control break-make drives the buzzer phone sounding;
Power circuit adopts LM2576 chip and IL1117 chip, and the power supply power supply voltage is taken from the 12V voltage of final section battery in the series battery, produces 5V voltage through LM2576 and supplies power to system, produces 3.3V low pressure through IL1117 again and supplies power to LCDs.
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| CN201110165899A CN102303542B (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2011-06-20 | Detection system for vehicular storage battery |
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| CN103063318A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-24 | 玉华 | Temperature measuring system |
| CN103112361A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-05-22 | 苏州恒知传感科技有限公司 | Automobile battery used as sensing node and electric automobile provided with the same |
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| CN108776312A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-09 | 湖北蓝博新能源设备股份有限公司 | A kind of battery tester |
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| CN109738827A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-10 | 杜浩为 | Portable battery checks box and its application |
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| CN110175106A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-27 | 英业达科技有限公司 | The wireless display and method of battery status |
| CN110429007A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-08 | 江苏泓光轨道设备有限公司 | Intelligent contactor |
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