CN108492531B - A kind of disaster early warning system and installation method based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
A kind of disaster early warning system and installation method based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN108492531B CN108492531B CN201810236444.3A CN201810236444A CN108492531B CN 108492531 B CN108492531 B CN 108492531B CN 201810236444 A CN201810236444 A CN 201810236444A CN 108492531 B CN108492531 B CN 108492531B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of disaster early warning systems based on wireless sensor network, including monitoring base station and remote central station, the monitoring base station includes monitoring outer container, the monitoring outer container surrounding distributing installation has multiple propellers in a center of symmetry, the monitoring outer container is internally provided with observation circuit plate, battery and sensor unit, the sensor unit includes displacement sensor, sensor erecting bed, institute's displacement sensors include rotary shaft, the concentric rotation axis is fixed with the measurement motor for measuring rotary shaft amount of spin, a piston ejector ram, ejector piston is fixed below the sensor erecting bed, the sensor erecting bed is provided with the clamping bar for blocking piston ejector ram, ejector piston, the rotary shaft is connected with clamping bar, pass through the disaster early warning system of the application, the sensor adapted in connection in use, complicated landform can be monitored and The disaster early warning system has self-rescue function, ensure that the integrality of equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geological Hazards Monitoring fields, and in particular to a kind of disaster alarm system based on wireless sensor network
System and installation method.
Background technique
Southwestern China area, karst landform blazons, and karst landform is domestic geological disaster its main feature is that earth's surface is broken
One of severely afflicated area, disaster type is complete, quantity is more, distribution is wide, influence is big, weight losses.Wherein, landslide and mud-stone flow disaster institute
Accounting example is up to 75% or more, and, randomness sudden with its and the characteristics of can bring about great losses in the short time, directly endangers
The security of the lives and property of the evil people, influence normal production and living, constrains ecological environment inside the province, social economy holds
Supervention exhibition.
It mainly include both at home and abroad at present wired and wireless two major classes for the monitoring mode of landslide and mud-stone flow disaster.
The limitation of the more monitored area geographical conditions of wired mode, system deployment is difficult, maintenance is inconvenient.In wireless mode, up short
Mensuration monitoring accuracy is low, the influence vulnerable to factors such as weather；And when disposing measuring system, by geographical location, economy
The limitation such as factor, technical conditions so that arrangement and to recycle corresponding measuring device extremely difficult, and measuring device often because
To have occurred and that disaster, it is buried or is damaged, can only usually become disposable apparatus, cause very big economic damage
It loses, for karst not only needs to study new method early warning is monitored to disaster hotspots, also to there is adaptation to monitor
Monitoring hardware system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of disaster early warning system based on wireless sensor network, multiple for landform to solve to adopt now
The problem that miscellaneous monitoring data are inaccurate and monitoring cost is high.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the application provides the following technical solutions: a kind of disaster based on wireless sensor network
Early warning system includes monitoring base station and remote central station, and the monitoring base station includes monitoring outer container, the monitoring outer container surrounding point
Cloth is equipped with multiple propellers in a center of symmetry, and the monitoring outer container is internally provided with observation circuit plate, battery and sensing
Device assembly, the sensor unit include displacement sensor, and sensor erecting bed, institute's displacement sensors include rotary shaft, institute
It states concentric rotation axis and is fixed with measurement motor for measuring rotary shaft amount of spin, the rotary shaft outer wall is provided with winding slot,
Measurement rope is fixedly connected in rotary shaft；A piston ejector ram, ejector piston is fixed below the sensor erecting bed, the sensor erecting bed is set
It is equipped with the clamping bar for blocking piston ejector ram, ejector piston, the rotary shaft is connected with clamping bar；Sensor is fixedly installed below the piston ejector ram, ejector piston
Mounting blocks, are provided with signal processing module and wireless communication module on the observation circuit plate, the signal processing module and pass
Sensor mounting blocks are laid with signal wire, the wireless communication module and remote central station communicating wireless signals.
The working principle of disaster early warning system is as follows: in use process, needing first to open up measured hole, purpose in tested area
It is the various sensors of fixed measured region, such as measures whether tested region is subjected to displacement, needs that sensor will be located at
Measuring head is fixed in measured hole, while in order to measure the water content in tested area, the soil moisture, and is fathomed, and is required
Respective sensor is fixed in measured hole.Various sensors, which are released, to be fixed on piston ejector ram, ejector piston, while by each sensor and being supervised
The connection of slowdown monitoring circuit partitioned signal.Sensor erecting bed is connect with piston ejector ram, ejector piston by being clamped bar, and piston ejector ram, ejector piston is in stretching state at this time, only
There is clamping bar to unclamp, piston ejector ram, ejector piston just bounces back, and simultaneously switches off the physical connection between each sensor.
In massif, be easiest to monitoring base station is caused to be ruined mainly, landslide, massif collapses, and mud-rock flow etc. is made
At the natural calamity of mountain deformation.The sensor for measuring mountain deformation, in this monitoring base station using displacement sensor, and position
Displacement sensor is transformed again, the measurement of displacement sensor, is to work as the two by the measurement rope of monitoring base station connection between adjacent
Between displacement change, measurement rope band move rotary shaft rotation, rotary shaft turn to it is a certain amount of after, indicate disaster may send out
Raw, the amount of spin for the measurement motor being connected with rotary shaft is calculated as corresponding displacement, thus by this data transmission in
Center station is gone.Monitoring base station makes their own emergency reaction simultaneously, and observation circuit plate control measurement motor continues to rotate, in measurement motor
In selection course, since measurement rope is connected by tripping, when pulling force, which reaches, to fall off, measurement rope is disconnected.It measures at this time
Rope is withdrawn into monitoring outer container.Motor is measured in rotary course simultaneously, and rotary shaft drives clamping bar movement, and clamping bar is being transported
Release has the piston ejector ram, ejector piston of retraction ability during dynamic, and piston ejector ram, ejector piston bounces back at this time, disconnects the physical connection between sensor.It is whole
A monitoring base station is now in free state, provides energy to propeller by battery at this time, observation circuit plate provides navigation
Information；Monitoring base station entire in this way, which can be realized, saves oneself, and under the drive that monitoring base station passes through propeller, flies back to safely
Side.
The advantages of this programme, is: in whole process, not only realizing the early warning and monitoring to disaster, while entire monitoring base station
Realization is saved oneself, and ensure that the integrality of equipment, and is not needed artificial to recycling of jeopardously taking.Reduce the warp of monitoring
Ji cost.
Further, in order to enable entire monitoring base station weight saving, the monitoring outer container is interior to be filled with foamed material.In this way
It ensure that the better cruising ability of monitoring base station, improve its self-saving ability.
Further, in order to avoid in measurement direction sidesway occurs for measurement rope, conductor rope pipe, institute are provided in the monitoring outer container
It states measurement rope and is passed through the external world across conductor rope pipe.The precision of measurement displacement thus can be improved.
Further, in order to enable monitoring base station can have lasting energy, the upper surface of the monitoring outer container fixes one piece
Photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic panel are connected to the battery；Continue electric energy supplement to battery by photovoltaic panel, also ensures entire monitoring base station
The ability continued a journey automatically.
Further, in order to enable monitoring outer container held stationary, the monitoring outer container lower surface is provided with balance base；Pacifying
When dress, measurement position will provide a horizontal plane to monitoring base station in advance, and balance base can be placed on horizontal plane, improve
The success rate of monitoring base station disengaging disaster point.
Finally, being provided with multiple signal jacks on the sensor mounting blocks, tripping is provided with outside sensor mounting blocks.This
It is exposed outside that sample can guarantee that sensor does not need too many signal wire, and can guarantee piston ejector ram, ejector piston and sensing by tripping
The normal connection of device can also smoothly be disengaged in retraction with sensor.
In order to guarantee that entire early warning system works normally and high-precision measurement, the application also provide a kind of early warning system peace
Dress method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: measured hole is bored in the region for needing to measure；
Step 2: will need the sensor measured to be mounted on sensor mounting blocks, and be carried out by tripping to sensor
It is fixed；
Step 3, connects the signal wire between sensor and signal processing module, and sensor, wireless communication are completed in debugging
The communication signal of module, signal processing module and remote central station；
Step 4: the measurement rope of two neighboring measurement base station is threaded off by dynamometry and is connected by connection measurement rope.The dynamometry
The shift length that threading off can bear is 0.5~2 centimetre.
Further, the geological environment situation local for more complete measurement, the sensor packet of the step 2 installation
It includes: soil moisture sensor, microwave remote sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor and acceleration transducer.
Entire early warning system installation method is mainly concerned with the normal fortune for how effectively realizing installation and entire monitoring base station
Row, its advantage is that: it only needs to drill through a measured hole in each measurement point, so that it may realize the installation of multiple sensors, so that
Installation becomes simple.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of monitoring base station；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that sensor erecting bed is connect with sensor；
Fig. 4 is the signal connection schematic diagram of observation circuit plate；
Fig. 5 is that entire disaster early warning system applies the usage state diagram in side slope.
Specific embodiment
Below by the further details of explanation of specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Embodiment 1 mainly discloses how before installing entire disaster early warning system and disaster generation that entire monitoring base station is such as
What, which is realized, saves oneself:
A kind of disaster early warning system based on wireless sensor network as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 includes monitoring base station
And remote central station, monitoring base station include monitoring outer container 1, are filled with foamed material in monitoring outer container 1；Monitor 1 surrounding of outer container point
Cloth is equipped with multiple propellers 2 in a center of symmetry, and monitoring outer container 1 is internally provided with observation circuit plate 5, battery 6 and sensing
Device assembly, sensor unit include displacement sensor, and sensor erecting bed 10, displacement sensor includes rotary shaft 7, rotary shaft 7
Coaxially it is fixed with measurement motor 9 for measuring 7 amount of spin of rotary shaft, 7 outer wall of rotary shaft is provided with winding slot, in rotary shaft 7
It is fixedly connected with measurement rope 8；Conductor rope pipe 13 is provided in monitoring outer container 1, measurement rope 8 passes through conductor rope pipe 13 and is passed through the external world.
A piston ejector ram, ejector piston 11 is fixed below sensor erecting bed 10, sensor erecting bed 10 is provided with the clamping for blocking piston ejector ram, ejector piston
Bar 14, rotary shaft 7 are connected with clamping bar 14；Sensor mounting blocks 110, observation circuit plate 5 are fixedly installed below piston ejector ram, ejector piston 11
On be provided with signal processing module 4 and wireless communication module, signal processing module 4 and sensor mounting blocks 110 are laid with signal
Line, wireless communication module and remote central station communicating wireless signals.Multiple signal jacks are provided on sensor mounting blocks 110,
Tripping 15 is provided with outside sensor mounting blocks 110.In this way can be exposed outside to avoid the too many signal wire of sensor 16, and
It can guarantee the normal connection of piston ejector ram, ejector piston 11 Yu sensor 16 by tripping 15, it can also be smoothly de- with sensor 16 in retraction
It opens.
One piece of photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed in the upper surface of monitoring outer container 1, and photovoltaic panel 3 is connected with battery 6；By photovoltaic panel 3 to storage
Battery 6 continues electric energy supplement, also ensures the ability of entire monitoring base station continued a journey automatically.In order to enable monitoring outer container 1 is kept
Steadily, monitoring 1 lower surface of outer container is provided with balance base 12；It waits during installation, measurement position will be provided to monitoring base station 1 in advance
One horizontal plane, balance base 12 can be placed on horizontal plane, improve the success rate that monitoring base station is detached from disaster point.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5: the application also provides a kind of early warning system installation method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: measured hole is bored in the region for needing to measure；
Step 2: will need the sensor that measures to be mounted on sensor mounting blocks, and by 15 pairs of sensors of tripping into
Row is fixed；Sensor includes: soil moisture sensor, microwave remote sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor and acceleration transducer；
Step 3, connects the signal wire between sensor and signal processing module, and sensor, wireless communication are completed in debugging
The communication signal of module, signal processing module and remote central station；
Step 4: the measurement rope of two neighboring measurement base station is threaded off by dynamometry and is connected by connection measurement rope.Dynamometry tripping
The shift length that can bear is 0.5~2 centimetre.
It is made of, acquires acquisition module, signal processing module, wireless communication module, power module at entire monitoring base station
Module: ADXL345 3-axis acceleration sensor, SMS-II-485 soil moisture sensor, HW-M10-2 microwave remote sensor are used
And SHT20 Temperature Humidity Sensor respectively to the environmental parameters such as disaster body 3-axis acceleration, soil moisture content and temperature and humidity into
Row acquisition, is followed successively by I with the connecting interface of CC25302C, RS485, TTL and I2C。
Monitoring base station core uses the CC2530 chip of Ti company production, incorporates microcontroller and RF radio frequency core
Piece is had 256KB Flash and 8KB RAM, data can be kept under various modes using enhanced 8051 kernel, is supported
Hardware debugging；It with plurality of operating modes, can be converted rapidly between different operational modes, power consumption is low, function admirable, and function is strong
Greatly.
Battery 6 uses rechargeable battery, is integrated with voltage-stablizer AMS1117-3.3 and filter capacitor in rechargeable battery, exports
Voltage is 3.3V.Rechargeable battery is connect with photovoltaic panel simultaneously.
Embodiment 2:
A possibility that disaster occurs is predicted for heavy rainfall, the sensor frequency acquisition of monitoring base station is according to gateway node
The monitored rainfall of precipitation rain fall sensor is adjusted, and gateway node precipitation rain fall sensor continues to monitor real-time rainfall, not only dynamic
Monitoring base station frequency acquisition is adjusted, and rainfall is reached by remote central station by GPRS gateway.Under normal mode, monitoring base station
The work of each sensor frequency according to set by remote central station, is generally distinguished with wet and dry season.
Rainy season, 6h~12h was primary, and monitoring base station is due to being synchronized clock information to gateway node, if setting 6h is acquired herein
The frequency collection relevant information of primary and dry season 12h~primary for 24 hours.Data are forwarded via multihop routing again, it is final logical
It crosses GPRS gateway node and is sent to remote central station.Once gateway node finds that the rainfall of precipitation rain fall sensor record is more than threshold
Value, at this time no matter wet and dry season, notice monitoring base station accelerates frequency acquisition, into abnormal patterns.
Acceleration frequency acquisition under abnormal patterns is presented staged according to rainfall size and increases, and gateway node can be according to rainfall
Amount judges rainfall warning grade, improves monitoring base station frequency acquisition according to rainfall grade.
For example it is in III level, acquisition in monitoring base station 1 hour is primary；In IV grades, acquisition in 10 minutes is primary；In V grade 10
Second acquisition is primary.Working method in this way can extend the working time of node, reduce acquisition and the hair of invalid data
It send.In order to be further reduced node energy consumption, may also set up dependent thresholds, Cai acquisition data require more than each sensor parameters threshold value by
The wireless communication module of monitoring base station is forwarded.System monitoring base station main program flow is as shown in the table.
Certainly by the disaster early warning system of this programme, as long as the sensor that installation accordingly monitors, so that it may expand to more
The monitoring of complicated geographical environment.
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the invention, several changes can also be made
Shape and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence the effect and patent that the present invention is implemented
Practicability.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of disaster early warning system based on wireless sensor network, including multiple monitoring base stations, it is set to tested area and uses
In the measured hole and remote central station of fixed sensor, the monitoring base station includes monitoring outer container, it is characterised in that: the monitoring
Outer container surrounding distributing installation has multiple propellers in a center of symmetry, and the monitoring outer container is internally provided with observation circuit plate,
Battery and sensor unit, the sensor unit include displacement sensor, sensor erecting bed, the displacement sensing
Device includes rotary shaft, and the concentric rotation axis is fixed with the measurement motor for measuring rotary shaft amount of spin, outside the rotary shaft
Wall is provided with winding slot, and measurement rope is fixedly connected in rotary shaft, and measurement rope end portion is fixed with tripping, adjacent two monitoring base station
Measurement rope passes through tripping connection；A piston ejector ram, ejector piston is fixed below the sensor erecting bed, the sensor erecting bed is provided with card
The firmly clamping bar of piston ejector ram, ejector piston, the rotary shaft are connected with clamping bar；Sensor mounting blocks are fixedly installed below the piston ejector ram, ejector piston,
Signal processing module and wireless communication module are provided on the observation circuit plate, the signal processing module and sensor are installed
Block is laid with signal wire, the wireless communication module and remote central station communicating wireless signals.
2. the disaster early warning system according to claim 1 based on wireless sensor network, it is characterised in that: the monitoring
Foamed material is filled in outer container.
3. the disaster early warning system according to claim 1 or 2 based on wireless sensor network, it is characterised in that: described
Conductor rope pipe is provided in monitoring outer container, the measurement rope is passed through the external world across conductor rope pipe.
4. the disaster early warning system according to claim 3 based on wireless sensor network, it is characterised in that: the monitoring
One piece of photovoltaic panel is fixed in the upper surface of outer container, and photovoltaic panel is connected to the battery.
5. the disaster early warning system according to claim 4 based on wireless sensor network, it is characterised in that: the monitoring
Outer container lower surface is provided with balance base.
6. the disaster early warning system according to claim 5 based on wireless sensor network, it is characterised in that: the sensing
It is provided with multiple signal jacks on device mounting blocks, tripping is provided with outside sensor mounting blocks.
7. the installation method of disaster early warning system according to claim 6, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: measured hole is bored in the region for needing to measure；
Step 2: the sensor measured will be needed to be mounted on sensor mounting blocks, and sensor is fixed by tripping；
Step 3, connects the signal wire between sensor and signal processing module, and sensor, radio communication mold are completed in debugging
The communication signal of block, signal processing module and remote central station；
Step 4: the measurement rope of two neighboring measurement base station is threaded off by dynamometry and is connected by connection measurement rope, the dynamometry tripping
The shift length that can bear is 0.5~2 centimetre.
8. early warning system installation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the sensor packet of the step 2 installation
It includes: soil moisture sensor, microwave remote sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor and acceleration transducer.
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| CN109686057B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-02-05 | 重庆三峡学院 | Geological disaster monitoring device based on side slope radar |
| CN110264672A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-20 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | A kind of early warning system of geological disaster |
| CN110164092B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-04-20 | 南京溧水高新创业投资管理有限公司 | Bayonet landslide alarm system that prevents |
| CN111311895A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Microwave attenuation signal joint variable frequency acquisition system for road-level environment perception |
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