JP2014112409A - Radio disaster prevention system and sensor node - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To appropriately perform telegram transmission when a non-urgent event that does not need to send urgently in a state of high possibility of fire reporting is detected and then the fire reporting occurs.SOLUTION: When an event occurs, a radio sensor repeats, twice or more, telegram transmission for continuously transmitting the same telegram signal over telegram transmission time T1 and telegram pause for pausing the telegram transmission over predetermined time T2. A receiving side performs intermittent reception so that receiving timing is included in at least one of two continuous telegram transmissions across the telegram pause. The radio sensor holds a non-urgent event A when the non-urgent event A other than fire reporting is detected during discrimination of a pre-alarm, performs telegram transmission B1 to B6 on the basis of the fire reporting when a fire reporting event B is determined subsequently, and then performs telegram transmission A1 to A6 on the basis of the non-urgent event A.

Description

The present invention relates to a wireless disaster prevention system and a sensor node that transmit a wirelessly transmitted message from a sensor node such as a wireless sensor to a receiver and make an alarm.

  Conventionally, in a wireless disaster prevention monitoring system that monitors fires, when multiple wireless fire detectors are installed as sensor nodes in a warning area such as each floor of a building and a fire is detected by the wireless sensor Then, a message indicating a fire is wirelessly transmitted to a wireless reception repeater as a wireless disaster prevention node installed on a floor basis. In addition, a radio wave repeater that is a wireless relay node is installed on the way to relay messages from the wireless sensor.

  The radio reception repeater is connected to the sensor line from the receiver. When a message indicating a fire is received, an alarm current is sent to the sensor line when a relay contact or switching element is turned on to generate a fire alarm signal. Send to receiver. Upon receiving this fire alarm signal, the receiver issues a fire alarm by means such as sound.

  According to such a wireless disaster prevention system, a part of a sensor line generally laid on the ceiling or the like can be eliminated, wiring work is simplified, and the installation location of the sensor is also restricted by wiring. You can decide without. In addition, it can easily cope with system changes such as the addition of sensors.

  In the case of a wireless disaster prevention system, when the distance between the wireless sensor and the wireless reception repeater is long and it is expected that the radio wave will be difficult to reach, the electromagnetic wave is between the wireless sensor and the wireless reception relay. A repeater can be installed to relay radio waves. In addition, when a radio reception repeater and a wireless sensor are actually installed at the time of construction and the radio wave condition is bad, a radio wave repeater can be additionally installed later. By operating the radio wave repeater with a battery, the wiring of the power supply line is unnecessary, and the radio wave repeater can be easily installed. In this way, when the radio wave repeater is operated by a battery, the battery life is shortened if the continuous reception operation is performed. Therefore, the electronic message is intermittently received.

In this intermittent reception, when a fire is detected by a wireless sensor, a message is transmitted over a predetermined transmission time. On the other hand, the receiving side performs carrier sense in a cycle shorter than the transmission time. Since at least one carrier sense is performed during this period, even in asynchronous communication, a message can be reliably received by intermittent reception.

JP 2008-004033 A JP 2001-290209 A

  However, in the intermittent reception in such a conventional wireless disaster prevention system, the carrier sense cycle for intermittent reception is set so as to be shorter than the transmission time, so the carrier sense operation on the receiver side is short. When the operation is performed by a cycle and the operation is performed by a battery, there is a problem that current consumption increases and the battery life is reduced.

  In order to solve this problem, it is possible to lengthen the message transmission time when a fire is detected, and lengthen the carrier sense period to be set shorter than that. There is a problem that the fire response time until the transmission is determined and the carrier sense cycle of intermittent reception cannot be increased unnecessarily.

  In order to solve this problem, the inventor of the present application, when an event such as a fire detection in a wireless sensor occurs, a message transmission that continuously transmits the same message signal over a predetermined message transmission time, and a predetermined time A transmission operation that repeats a message suspension that pauses a message transmission twice or more is a set of message transmission. On the other hand, in a radio repeater, two consecutive messages with a message pause from a wireless sensor. A wireless disaster prevention system has been proposed in which a carrier sense period is set so that a reception timing is included in at least one of transmissions, and a transmission message from a wireless sensor is intermittently received.

  According to this wireless disaster prevention system, carrier sense operation is performed at a cycle longer than the message transmission time, power consumption due to carrier sense is reduced, and battery life can be extended when operated by a battery.

  However, in such a system with a longer carrier sense period than the message transmission time, the fire alarm is not confirmed, but the smoke and temperature are detected close to the fire threshold. When an emergency event such as a failure or test that does not need to be sent in a hurry is detected when the fire alert is finalized, a message transmission based on the emergency event is started, and a message is transmitted based on the emergency event. When a fire report is confirmed, a message is sent for a fire report that needs to be sent urgently because the fire report is sent after waiting for the transmission of the preceding urgent event. There is.

The present invention detects a non-urgent event that does not need to be sent in a hurry in a state where there is a high possibility of a fire report, and a wireless disaster prevention system and a sensor node that appropriately transmit a message when a fire report is subsequently generated The purpose is to provide.

(system)
The present invention is composed of a sensor node, a wireless disaster prevention node, and a receiver. The wireless disaster prevention node receives and processes a telegram signal transmitted from the sensor node, and transmits the processing result to a receiver connected by a signal line. In the wireless disaster prevention system that
The sensor node
A transmission processing unit that repeats at least two times a message transmission that continuously transmits the same message signal over a predetermined message transmission time and a message pause that pauses the message transmission for a predetermined time when an event occurs;
A predetermined fire threshold value for judging fire alarm and a predetermined pre-alarm threshold value lower than the fire threshold value are set, and a pre-alarm event or A fire discriminating unit for discriminating a fire alarm event;
In the pre-alarm state after determining the pre-alarm event, if an un-emergency event other than the fire alarm that does not need to be sent immediately is detected, the un-emergency event is retained, the fire alarm event is determined, and the fire alarm is issued. If you are holding an urgent event when you send a message based on the message transmission control unit that transmits a message based on the urgent event,
It is provided with.

  The message transmission control unit of the sensor node holds an urgent event when it detects an urgent event in the pre-alarm state, and urgently holds an urgent event when it determines that the pre-alarm state has been restored. Send a message based on the event.

When the event occurs, the transmission processing unit of the sensor node repeats the message transmission and the message pause three times, and then arranges a predetermined random pause time set at random for each node, and after the random pause time, the message transmission and the message Repeat the pause three times.

  According to the present invention, the fire detection of the sensor node does not lead to a fire alarm, but during the determination of the pre-alarm state that is likely to become a fire alarm soon, other than the fire alarm that does not need to be sent quickly When an emergency event is detected, the emergency event is retained, and when a fire alarm event is detected, a message is transmitted based on the fire alarm, and then a message based on the emergency event is transmitted. If a fire alarm is reached during the pre-alarm, important information such as a fire alarm can be sent quickly without being interrupted by wireless transmission of an urgent event occurring in the pre-alarm.

In addition, since an emergency event that occurred during a pre-alarm after sending a message of important information such as a fire alarm is sent after the transmission of an important fire alarm, an event that occurred without causing loss of information Can be sent reliably.

Explanatory drawing which showed embodiment of the wireless disaster prevention system by this invention Explanatory drawing which showed the message format of the radio signal transmitted and received by the radio disaster prevention system of FIG. The block diagram which showed the detail of the wireless sensor and radio wave repeater of FIG. The block diagram which showed the detail of the repeater for radio | wireless reception of FIG. 1, and a P-type receiver Time chart showing intermittent message transmission by wireless sensor Time chart showing the intermittent reception processing by the radio wave repeater of FIG. 3 that effectively receives two transmission messages Time chart showing the case of effectively receiving the second transmission message in the intermittent reception of FIG. Time chart showing message transmission according to this embodiment when only an emergency event occurs Time chart showing telegram transmission according to this embodiment when an emergency event occurs during a pre-alarm and then a fire alarm is determined Time chart showing telegram transmission according to the present embodiment when an emergency event occurs during the pre-alarm, and then the pre-alarm recovery is determined Time chart showing the problems when the message transmission is not performed according to this embodiment The flowchart which showed the sensor process by the wireless sensor of FIG. The flowchart which showed the electric wave relay process by the electric wave repeater of FIG. The flowchart which showed the relay process for radio | wireless reception by the radio | wireless receiver repeater of FIG.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a wireless disaster prevention system according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, radio reception repeaters 12-1 to 12-3 functioning as radio disaster prevention nodes are installed on the floors 1F to 3F of a building 11 to be monitored, and a P-type receiver 10 which is a fire receiver. Are connected to sensor lines 18-1 to 18-3 drawn from floor to floor.

  Wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-14, 16-21 to 16-24, and 16-31 to 16-34 functioning as sensor nodes are installed on the floors 1F to 3F. Further, in the present embodiment, the radio wave repeater 14 is used to prevent the radio reception repeaters 12-1 to 12-3 from reaching non-reachable signals due to the attenuation of radio waves from the radio sensors that are separated from each other. -1 to 14-3 are installed.

  In each of the wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-34 and the radio wave repeaters 14-1 to 14-3, unique node IDs using device IDs are registered in advance.

  The wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-14 determine that a fire event has occurred when the smoke concentration or temperature due to fire exceeds a predetermined threshold, and send a telegram signal indicating fire (hereinafter simply referred to as "telegram"). Intermittent wireless transmission.

  In this intermittent transmission, for example, the same telegram data is transmitted 18 times continuously for a predetermined transmission time T1, and is repeated three times with a predetermined transmission pause time T2, and then the transmission is unique to the wireless sensor. The transmission operation of transmitting the same message data 18 times continuously over the predetermined transmission time T1 is repeated three times with the predetermined transmission pause time T2 in the same manner, with one random pause time T6. Message transmission.

  The wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-14 detect the occurrence of a so-called urgent event such as a fire alarm event or a fire recovery event, or a test event due to a switch operation or a fault event such as a sensor fault. Basically, one set of telegram transmission is performed for any so-called unemergence event that does not have an urgent process.

  In the present embodiment, the wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-14 set a predetermined fire threshold value for determining a fire alarm and a predetermined pre-alarm threshold value lower than the fire level, and a physical quantity associated with the fire. Alternatively, a function for determining a pre-alarm event or a fire alarm event by comparing a change in physical quantity with a pre-alarm threshold value and a fire threshold value is provided.

  In addition, during the pre-alarm event determination, when an inadvertent event that does not need to be sent immediately is detected, the inadequate event is retained, and when a fire alarm event is determined, a message is transmitted based on the fire alarm. After that, a function to send a message based on an urgent event is provided. Details of this will be made clear later.

  In each of the radio wave repeater 14-1 and the radio reception repeater 12-1, a node ID for specifying a transmission source as a child node that receives a message based on the parent-child relationship is registered in advance. That is, node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-13 and 16-14 and the radio relay 14-1 that are child nodes are registered in advance in the wireless reception repeater 12-1. Also, node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 that are child nodes are registered in advance in the radio wave repeater 14-1.

  The same applies to the 2F and 3F wireless reception repeaters 12-2 and 12-3 and the radio wave repeaters 14-2 and 14-3, and the wireless reception repeater 12-2 includes the wireless sensor 16-. 23, 16-24 and the node IDs of the radio repeaters 14-2 are registered in advance, and the radio repeater 14-2 registers the node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-21 and 16-22, and the radio reception repeaters 12-3 registers the node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-33 and 16-34 and the radio relay 14-3, and the radio relay 14-3 stores the node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-31 and 16-32. Is registered.

  When a telegram is received by registering the node ID for the radio reception repeater 12-1 and the radio repeater 14-1, the transmission source ID included in the telegram is compared with the node ID registered in advance. For example, when both match, it is processed as a valid message.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the wireless reception repeater 12-1 receives directly from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 that are not in a parent-child relationship without going through the radio wave repeater 14-1. In order to enable processing as a valid electronic message, the registered node ID is transferred from the radio wave repeater 14-1 to the wireless reception repeater 12-1, and is additionally registered. Even when a message is received directly from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 that are not assigned as child nodes in the device 12-1, a match with the additionally registered node ID is determined and a valid message is received. Can be processed as.

  The radio repeater 14-1 performs intermittent reception. In this intermittent reception, the presence or absence of a telegram carrier transmitted from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 is detected every predetermined carrier sense period Tcs, and when a carrier is detected, a reception operation is performed. The carrier sense period Tcs is determined so that a message can be received effectively in one of two transmission times T1 with a transmission pause time T2 transmitted from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 in between. ing. The details of this carrier sense period Tcs will be clarified in later explanation.

  When the radio wave repeater 14-1 receives a message from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 by intermittent reception, the radio wave repeater 14-1 compares the transmission source ID of the message with the registered node ID. When they match, they are relayed and transmitted to the wireless reception repeater 12-1 as an effective message. The transmission of the relay telegram from the radio wave repeater 14-1 repeats the transmission operation of transmitting the same telegram data continuously, for example, four times over a predetermined transmission time, for example, three times with a predetermined transmission pause time.

  The wireless reception repeater 12-1 is always in a receiving state, and when receiving a message from the wireless sensors 16-13 and 16-14 assigned as child nodes, The registered node ID is compared, and when both match, the received message is processed as valid, and the processing result is transmitted to the P-type receiver 10.

  When the received electronic message is a message indicating a fire from the wireless sensor, the wireless reception repeater 12-1 sends a notification current as a contact output to the sensor line 18-1 to the P-type receiver 10. A fire alarm signal is transmitted by flowing.

  The wireless reception repeater 12-1 is registered in advance with the transmission source ID included in the electronic message even when the electronic message is received from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 via the radio wave repeater 14-1. The received message is received as a valid message by matching the received node ID, and the reception result is transmitted to the P-type receiver 10.

  Further, the wireless reception repeater 12-1 is additionally registered with the transmission source ID of the received message even when the message is directly received from the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 which are not assigned. Compared with the node ID, if both match, the message is processed as a valid message, and the processing result is transmitted to the P-type receiver 10.

  In the present embodiment, it is monitored that the radio wave repeater 14-1 and the wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-14 are operating normally, i.e., no carry-out or battery exhaustion has occurred. Therefore, each of the nodes periodically transmits a periodic notification message.

  In response to the transmission of the periodic notification message from the wireless sensors 16-11 to 16-14 and the radio wave repeater 14-1, the wireless reception repeater 12-1 matches the node ID registered with the transmission source ID of the message. When the message is received as a valid message, the periodic notification timer provided for each registered node ID is reset and started. However, if the periodic notification timer expires after a predetermined period of time without receiving a periodic notification message, it is determined that the node is not operating properly and the periodic notification is abnormal. Notify the receiver 10 of the occurrence of a failure.

  For example, the failure occurrence notification notifies the occurrence of a failure due to abnormal periodic notification by disconnecting the terminal resistor connected to the sensor line 18-1 from the P-type receiver 10 to create a pseudo disconnection state.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a message transmitted and received by the wireless disaster prevention system of FIG. In FIG. 2, the message format 90 includes a phase correction signal 92, a serial number 94, a transmission source ID 96, a message content 98, and an error check code 100. On the receiving side, the transmission source ID 96 is checked to determine whether the node is registered, and then the message content 98 is checked to determine the meaning of the message and processed.

  The phase correction signal 92 is a preamble signal that repeats with a predetermined bit length of “101010... 10”, whereby preparation for reception by phase synchronization of a reception PLL provided in the wireless communication unit can be performed.

  The serial number 94 stores a value that changes in order in the range of 0 to 255 for each transmission of the message, and the receiving side can know the order of the message transmission. In the transmission source ID 96, the node ID of the transmission source device is set, and in the present embodiment, for example, the data is 32 bytes.

  In the message content 98, fire information, failure information, and the like are set. A telegram in which the fire report and the fire recovery are set in the telegram content 98 is a telegram based on an urgent event that is sent quickly and requires quick processing. In contrast, a message in which a failure or test is set in the message content 98 can be said to be a message based on an urgent event that does not require a urgent process.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the details of the 1F wireless sensor 16-11 and the radio relay 14-1 provided in the embodiment of FIG.

  In FIG. 3, a wireless sensor 16-11 as a sensor node includes a processor 20, a wireless communication unit 22, an antenna 24, a sensor unit 26, an operation unit 28 using a dip switch, and a battery 30. The sensor unit 26 is a temperature detection unit using, for example, a photoelectric smoke sensing unit or a thermistor.

  The processor 20 is provided with a fire determination unit 74, a transmission processing unit 76, and a message transmission control unit 78 as functions realized by executing the program.

  The fire discriminating unit 74 sets a predetermined fire threshold value for determining a fire alarm and a predetermined pre-alarm threshold value lower than the fire threshold value, and compares it with, for example, a smoke concentration detection signal output from the sensor unit 26. The fire determination unit 74 determines that a pre-alarm event has occurred when the smoke density detection signal output from the sensor unit 26 exceeds the pre-alarm threshold. The fire determination unit 74 determines that a fire alarm event has occurred when the smoke concentration detection signal output from the sensor unit 26 exceeds the fire threshold.

  Further, when the fire discrimination unit 74 sets the registration mode by using a dip switch or the like of the operation unit 28 performed immediately after the power is turned on, the fire discrimination unit 74 transmits an activation message in which the node ID known as the device ID is set as the transmission source ID, and the radio wave repeater 14 -1 to register the node ID.

  In addition to the fire event, the fire determination unit 74 detects the occurrence of an event including recovery, battery exhaustion, failure, manual test, automatic test, and periodic notification, and causes the transmission processing unit 76 to perform transmission processing.

  When an event occurs, the transmission processing unit 76 repeats a message transmission for continuously transmitting the same message signal for a predetermined message transmission time and a message suspension for stopping the message transmission for a predetermined time two or more times.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the transmission processing unit 76 transmits, for example, transmission telegrams 110-1 to 110-3 including 18 identical telegram data 112-1 to 112-18 over a predetermined transmission time T1. The telegram transmission is repeated three times with a transmission pause in which the transmission pauses for a predetermined transmission pause time T2, followed by a random pause time T6 unique to the wireless sensor, and similarly including 18 identical telegram data. The transmission telegram 110-4 to 110-6 is repeated three times with the transmission of the transmission message over the transmission time T1 and the transmission suspension of the transmission suspension time T2, and this is set as one set of message transmission. The random pause time T6 is randomly determined based on the transmission source ID and the like, for example, in a range of 3 to 7 seconds.

  Referring to FIG. 3 again, the message transmission control unit 78 detects an emergency event such as a failure or a test other than a fire alarm that does not need to be sent immediately during the determination of the pre-alarm event by the fire determination unit 74. When the detected emergency event is held, and then the fire alarm event is determined during the pre-alarm, the transmission processing unit 76 transmits a set of telegrams based on the fire alarm, and then based on the emergency event. Control to perform one set of message transmission.

  The message transmission control unit 78 retains the urgent event when it detects an urgent event that does not need to be urgently sent during the discrimination of the pre-alarm event by the fire discriminating unit 74. When it is determined that the pre-alarm event has returned to the level at which the smoke density detection signal returns to a level lower than the pre-alarm threshold, the transmission processing unit 76 performs control so as to perform one set of message transmission based on the emergency event.

  The radio communication unit 22 is provided with a transmission circuit 22a. In Japan, for example, radio communication is performed according to the standard of a specific low power radio station in the 400 MHz band. In the wireless sensor 16-11, since only a telegram is transmitted to the receiver side, no receiving circuit is provided in this embodiment.

  Further, the channel frequency of the wireless communication unit 22 uses any one of four channel frequencies f1 to f4 that can be used in the specific low power wireless station standard of the 400 MHz band. The channel frequencies may be the same on each floor in FIG. 1, or different channel frequencies may be used on adjacent floors, for example, to avoid interference.

  Next, the radio repeater 14-1 will be described. The radio wave repeater 14-1 includes a processor 32, a wireless communication unit 34 including a reception circuit 34a and a transmission circuit 34b, an antenna 35, an operation unit 36, a display unit 37, a memory 38, and a power supply unit 40. The processor 32 is provided with a carrier sense cycle setting unit 80, an intermittent reception processing unit 82, and a relay processing unit 84 as functions realized by executing the program.

  When the relay processing unit 84 starts using the radio wave repeater 14-1 by operating a registration switch provided in the operation unit 36, the relay processing unit 84 is assigned to the relay control table 85 of the memory 38 in FIG. The node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 shown are registered.

  Further, every time the relay processing unit 84 registers the assigned node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 in FIG. 1 in the relay control table 85, the relay processing unit 84 reads the registered node IDs and relays them for wireless reception. The data is transferred to the device 12-1 by a registration message, and additional registration is performed on the wireless reception repeater 12-1.

  Further, in the monitoring state after the registration of the node ID to the relay control table 85 is completed, the relay processing unit 84 intermittently receives a fire message, a periodic notification message, and the like transmitted from the wireless sensor by the wireless communication unit 34. When the message is received, the transmission source ID included in each message is acquired and compared with the node ID registered in the relay control table 85. When the two match, the received message is relayed and the mismatch is detected. In this case, relay transmission is not performed.

  When the transmission message 110-1 to 110-6 shown in FIG. 5 is transmitted from the wireless sensor 16-11, the carrier sense cycle setting unit 80, for example, performs two consecutive times with the message suspension time T2 interposed therebetween. The carrier sense cycle Tcs is set so that at least one of the message transmission times T1 of the transmission messages 110-1 and 110-2 overlaps with the minimum required carrier sense time T5 required for the reception operation.

  The intermittent reception processing unit 82 detects the presence / absence of a carrier by a transmission telegram every carrier sense cycle Tcs, and processes the telegram received when the carrier detection state continues for the carrier sense essential time T5 or more. That is, the carrier sense essential time T5 is obtained by detecting the carrier of the transmission message, starting the transmission preparation operation, receiving two pieces of message data included in the transmission message, and determining a match, and acquiring valid reception data. It can be said that it is time to do.

  The power source 40 is optimally a battery power source. The battery power supply eliminates the need for power line wiring and facilitates installation, so that the advantages of the wireless disaster prevention system can be fully utilized.

  FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the intermittent reception processing by the radio wave repeater of FIG. 3 that effectively receives two transmission telegrams in the wireless sensor 16-11 of FIG.

  FIG. 6A shows a transmission message, which shows transmission messages 110-1 and 110-2 at the beginning of one set of transmission messages, and the transmission messages 110-1 and 110-2 are the transmission time T1. There is a pause time T2 in between.

  In the present embodiment, the carrier sense period Tcs is set so that a message can be effectively received once by N = 2 times of carrier sense with respect to N = 2 times of transmitted messages 110-1 and 110-2. ing.

  The calculation method of such a carrier sense period is as follows. First, the minimum required time from the start of carrier sense until the message can be received successfully is set as a carrier sense essential time T5. The required carrier sense time T5 includes the setting time of the receiving IC that is performed after it is understood that there is a radio wave by carrier sensing, and the time required for reception of the wireless message, and depends on the specification of the receiving IC to be used and the message length. For example, T5 = 0.5 sec.

Here, if the carrier sense is not started within the time (T1-T5) obtained by subtracting the carrier sense essential time T5 from the transmission time T1 of the transmission telegrams 110-1 and 110-2, the reception cannot be performed. The time is defined as a receivable time T3. That is, the receivable time T3 is
T1-T5 = T3
It becomes.

On the other hand, in the time zone in which the transmission suspension time T2 is added to the carrier sense essential time T5, since a message cannot be received, this is set as an unreceivable time T4. Unreceivable time T4 is
T2 + T5 = T4
It becomes.

  FIG. 6B shows a receivable state 114-1, 114-2 determined by the receivable time T3 for the transmission signals 110-1, 110-2 in FIG. 6A, and a receivable impossible determined by the unreceivable time T4. States 116-1 and 116-2 are shown as reception enable / disable states.

First, in order to reduce the power consumption by the carrier sense operation, the carrier sense cycle Tcs is set longer than the transmission time T1 of the transmission message,
Tcs> T1 (1)
It is necessary to decide to become.

Next, if the carrier sense period Tcs is not equal to or longer than the unreceivable time T4, it cannot be received with at least two carrier senses.
Tcs ≧ T4 (2)
It becomes.

  This is because if Tcs <T4, the carrier sense timing is included twice or more in the unreceivable time T4, so that it cannot be received with two carrier senses.

Subsequently, in order to have at least two carrier sense timings before two receivable times T3,
Tcs ≦ (T3 × 2 + T4) / 2 (3)
It is necessary to.

However, when receiving with carrier sense twice,
{T3 × 2 / (T3 × 2 + T4)} ≧ (1/2) (4)
It must be. Since the condition of the formula (4) must be performed once in the receivable time T3 out of the two carrier senses, the two times including the transmission impossible time T4 including the two receivable times T3 are sandwiched. This is because ½ or more of the time (T3 × 2 + T4) over the communication telegrams 110-1 and 110-2 must be the receivable time.

That is, when formulas (2) and (3) are put together, the carrier sense period Tcs is
T4 ≦ Tcs ≦ (T3 × 2 + T4) / 2 (5)
It becomes.

  The carrier sense period Tcs can be determined based on the above equations (1) to (5).

As a specific example, transmission time T1 = 2 sec
Transmission pause time T2 = 2sec
Carrier sense required time T5 = 0.5 sec
Receivable time T3 = T1-T5 = 1.5 sec
Unreceivable time T4 = T2 + T5 = 2.5 sec
In this case, it is calculated as follows.
From Equation (1), Tcs> 2 sec
From equation (2) Tcs ≧ 2.5 sec
From Equation (3), Tcs ≧ (1.5 × 2 +2.5) / 2
Tcs ≦ 2.75sec
From equation (4), 0.55 ≧ 0.5, which is also satisfied.

The carrier sense period Tcs satisfying the expressions (1), (2), and (3) is 2.5 sec ≦ Tcs ≦ 2.75 sec.
It becomes. Here, since the longer carrier sense period Tcs can reduce power consumption, it is preferable to take a longer one. For example, Tcs = 2.7 sec.

  FIG. 6C shows carrier sense timings 118-1 to 118-4 with the carrier sense period Tcs = 2.7 sec determined as described above, and the carrier sense timing 118-1 is the transmission telegram 110-1. The case where it coincides with the start timing is taken as an example.

  In this case, as shown in the message reception in FIG. 6D, since the message can be received by the carrier sense based on the carrier sense timing 118-1 for the time longer than the carrier sense essential time T5, the reception can be completed.

  FIG. 7 shows a case where the same carrier sense period Tcs = 2.7 sec as in FIG. 6 is set. However, as shown in FIG. 7C, the carrier sense timing 118- is set for the first transmission telegram 110-1. 1 shows a state in which the message cannot be received because the carrier sense timing 118-2 is appropriate for the second transmission message 110-2 and the message is received.

  In this case, the reception preparation operation is started at the carrier sense timing 118-1 for the first transmission telegram 110-1, but the reception operation is effectively performed because the reception for the carrier sense essential time T5 cannot be performed. Absent. However, at the next carrier sense timing 118-2, the message can be received for a time equal to or longer than the carrier sense essential time T5, so that the reception can be completed.

  The carrier sense period Tcs is determined such that a message can be effectively received at least once by N carrier senses for N transmission messages 110-1 and 110-2. As a method, it can be generalized.

  Generalizing equations (1) to (5) gives the following.

Formula (1) is directly Tcs> T1 (6)
Equation (2) is expressed as Tcs × (N−1) ≧ T4 (7)
It becomes.

Equation (3) is expressed as Tcs ≦ {T3 × N + T4 × (N−1)} / N (8)
It becomes.

Furthermore, conditional expression (4) is
(T3 × N) / {T3 × N + T4 × (N−1)} ≧ 1 / N (9)
It becomes.

And the expression (5) that summarizes the expressions (7) and (8) is
{T3 × N + T4 × (N−1)} / N ≧ Tcs ≧ T4 / (N−1) (10)
It becomes.

Further, the carrier sense period Tcs when N = 3 is given by substituting N = 3 into the general formulas (6) to (10).
Tcs> T1 (11)
Tcs × 2 ≧ T4 (12)
Tcs ≦ (T3 × 3 + T4 × 2) / 3 (13)
T3 × 3 / (T3 × 3 + T4 × 2) ≧ 1/3 (14)
(T3 × 3 + T4 × 2) / 3 ≧ Tcs ≧ T4 / 2 (15)
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the details of the radio reception repeater 12-1 and the P-type receiver 10 of FIG.

  4, the wireless reception repeater 12-1 includes a processor 42, a wireless communication unit 44 including a reception circuit, an antenna 46, a wired communication unit 48, an operation unit 50, a display unit 52, a memory 54, and a power supply unit 56. Composed.

  The processor 42 is provided with a reception processing unit 86 as a function realized by executing the program. The memory 54 is provided with a relay control table 87. As shown in FIG. 1, the wireless sensors 16-13 and 16-14 previously assigned as child nodes to the wireless reception repeater 12-1 and the radio wave relay. The node ID of the device 14-1 is registered.

  The reception processing unit 86 registers the node ID in the relay control table 87. When registering the node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-13 and 16-14 and the radio wave repeater 14-1, the registration address of the sensor or the radio wave repeater using, for example, a 7-segment display of the display unit 52 Next, a registration waiting state is set by a dip switch or the like of the operation unit 50, and in this state, an activation message transmitted from the wireless sensors 16-13, 16-14 or the radio relay 14-1 or A test message is received, a transmission source ID included in the message is acquired and registered in the relay control table 87.

  The reception processor 86 completes registration of the node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-13 and 16-14 and the radio repeater 14-1 assigned as child nodes, and is then transmitted from the radio repeater 14-1. When the registration request message including the node ID registered in the incoming relay control table 85 is received, the node IDs of the wireless sensors 16-11 and 16-12 acquired from the registration request message are stored in the relay control table 87. Register additional. In this case, since the address of the radio repeater 14-1 as the parent node is also sent at the same time, this is also registered.

  When the reception processing unit 86 determines a wireless sensor or radio wave repeater that does not receive the periodic notification message and becomes abnormal in periodic notification, the disconnection detection resistor connected to the end of the sensor line 18 is disconnected, By creating a disconnection state, the P-type receiver 10 is notified of the occurrence of a failure due to a periodic report abnormality.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the power supply unit 56 is supplied with DC power from the receiver 10 through the power supply line 15.

  Next, the P-type receiver 10 of FIG. 4 will be described. In FIG. 4, a P-type receiver 10 includes a processor 58 functioning as a control unit, line receiving units 60-1 to 60-3, a power supply unit 62, a display unit 64, an acoustic alarm unit 66, an operation unit 68, and a transfer unit. 70 and a non-volatile memory 72. In addition, the operation power supply uses the commercial power supply appropriately backed up (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sensor lines 18-1 to 18-3 are drawn from the line receiving units 60-1 to 60-3, respectively, and the wireless reception repeater 12-1 is connected to the sensor line 18-1. Is connected.

  The line receiving unit 60-1 detects the alarm current that flows through the contact operation by the wired communication unit 48 provided in the wireless reception repeater 12-1, and outputs a fire detection signal to the processor 58. The disconnection of the terminating resistor in the wired communication unit 48 of the wireless reception repeater 12-1 is detected as an interruption of the monitoring current when the actual sensor line is disconnected, and a failure detection signal is output to the processor 58.

  The processor 58 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an AD conversion port, and various input / output ports, and realizes the function of the fire monitoring unit 88 by executing a program by the CPU.

  The fire monitoring unit 88 determines that the fire detection signal of the corresponding sensor line is generated when the reception output of the fire alarm signal is obtained by detecting the alarm current by any of the line reception units 60-1 to 60-3, A representative fire display is displayed on the display unit 64, and a district display is performed for each line. An acoustic fire alarm is output from the acoustic alarm unit 66.

  The fire monitoring unit 88 can also perform accumulated reception. For accumulation reception, a predetermined accumulation time is set in advance, and the accumulation timer is started by receiving a fire alarm. When the fire recovery is not received and the accumulation timer reaches the accumulation time, a fire is determined and an alarm is given. For this reason, if a fire recovery is received within the accumulation time from the fire report due to a non-fire factor, the accumulation timer stops operating, the accumulation is canceled, and no fire alarm is given.

  In addition, when the line monitoring units 60-1 to 60-3 detect the disconnection of the sensor lines 18-1 to 18-3, the fire monitoring unit 88 displays a representative failure on the display unit 64 and generates a failure. The district is displayed for each line, and an acoustic failure alarm is output from the acoustic alarm unit 66.

  FIG. 8 is a time chart showing the details of the transmission control processing by the message transmission control unit 78 provided in the wireless sensor 16-11 of FIG. 3, in the case where only an emergency event such as a failure or a test is detected. The basic transmission operation is shown. 8A shows a pre-alarm, FIG. 8B shows a fire alarm, FIG. 8C shows an occurrence event, and FIG. 8D shows message transmission.

  As shown in FIG. 8C, if an urgent event A occurs at time t1, message data in the format shown in FIG. 2 based on the urgent event A is created, and the message shown in FIG. As shown in the transmission, a set of telegram transmissions A1 to A6 based on the urgent event A is performed.

  FIG. 9 shows the message transmission control by the message transmission control unit 78 provided in the wireless sensor 16-11 of the present embodiment when an emergency event occurs during the pre-alarm and the fire alarm is subsequently detected. It is the time chart shown.

  First, as shown at time t1 in FIG. 9A, a pre-alarm is discriminated when, for example, the smoke density detection signal from the sensor unit 26 exceeds the pre-alarm threshold, and at time t2 during this pre-alarm discrimination, FIG. As shown in C), an urgent event A has occurred.

  At this time, because the pre-alarm is being judged, there is a high possibility that a fire will be reported soon, and the detected urgent event A will be retained, and no message will be transmitted based on this, and the fire will be judged. Keep waiting to wait.

  Subsequently, when a fire alarm event B is determined at time t3 as shown in FIG. 9B, a set of message transmissions B1 to B6 based on the fire alarm B is performed as shown in FIG. 9D. Make it. As a result, the message transmission based on the fire alarm event B can be quickly performed without being affected by the message transmission of the emergency event A that occurred during the pre-alarm determination.

  If the message transmissions B1 to B6 based on the fire alert are completed, a set of message transmissions A1 to A6 based on the emergency event A held at the time t2 is performed from the time T4 which is the next transmission start timing.

  FIG. 10 shows a message transmission control by the message transmission control unit 78 provided in the wireless sensor 16-11 of the present embodiment when an emergency event occurs during the pre-alarm and the recovery of the pre-alarm is subsequently determined. It is the time chart which showed.

  First, as shown at time t1 in FIG. 10A, a pre-alarm is discriminated when, for example, the smoke density detection signal from the sensor unit 26 exceeds the pre-alarm threshold, and at time t2 during this pre-alarm discrimination, FIG. As shown in C), an urgent event A has occurred.

  At this time, because the pre-alarm is being judged, there is a high possibility that a fire will be reported soon, and the detected urgent event A will be retained, and no message will be transmitted based on this, and the fire will be judged. Keep waiting to wait.

  However, since the recovery of the pre-alarm has been determined at time t3 as shown in FIG. 9B and there is no possibility of fire alarm, 1 based on the emergency event A held at time t2. A set of message transmissions A1 to A6 is performed.

  FIG. 11 is a time chart showing a problem when the message transmission according to the present embodiment is not performed.

  First, as shown at time t1 in FIG. 11A, a pre-alarm is determined when, for example, the smoke density detection signal from the sensor unit 26 exceeds the pre-alarm threshold, and at time t2 during this pre-alarm determination, As shown in C), since the urgent event A has occurred, one set of message transmissions A1 to A6 based on the urgent event A is performed.

  Thereafter, when the fire alarm event B is determined at time t3 as shown in FIG. 11B, since the message transmissions A1 to A6 based on the emergency event A are not completed at this time, the message transmission A6 A set of telegram transmissions B1 to B6 based on the fire alarm event B is performed at time T4 which is the transmission start timing after the end.

  For this reason, the message transmission based on the fire alarm event B is waited between the times t3 and t4, and the message transmission based on the quick and urgent event cannot be performed.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing sensor processing by the wireless sensor 16-11 in FIG. 2 and is realized by execution of a program by the processor 20. In FIG. 12, after initialization and self-diagnosis are performed in step S1, the sensor processing proceeds to step S2 if normal, and executes registration processing.

  In the registration process of step S2, when a registration mode is set by a dip switch or the like provided on the operation unit 28 of the wireless sensor 16-11, a test message for ID registration is transmitted. At this time, the corresponding radio relay 14 If the registration address is specified by the registration switch of the operation unit 36 and the registration waiting state is set, the transmission source ID included in the received test message is extracted and registered as a node ID in the relay control table 85. Automatic registration is performed.

  In step S3, it is determined whether or not an event has been detected. If event detection is determined in step S3, the process proceeds to step S4, and it is determined whether or not there is an emergency event other than fire alarm such as failure or test or fire recovery. When it is determined in step S4 that the event is an emergency event, the process proceeds to step S5 to determine whether or not a pre-alarm is being performed. If it is determined in step S5 that a pre-alarm is in progress, the process proceeds to step S6, where an urgent event is held, and a message transmission based on the urgent event is not performed.

  On the other hand, if it is not a determination of an urgent event in step S4, the process proceeds to step S7, and a set of messages is transmitted based on an urgent event such as fire alarm or recovery. Subsequently, in step S8, it is determined whether or not an urgent event is being held. If an urgent event is being held during the pre-alarm in step S6, a set of telegrams based on the urgent event is transmitted in step S9. .

  Subsequently, in step S10, it is determined whether or not the periodic notification timer has expired. When it is determined that the periodic notification timer has expired, the periodic notification message is intermittently transmitted in step S11, and then the periodic notification timer is reset in step S12. Start.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the radio wave relay process by the radio wave repeater 14-1 in FIG. 3 and is a process realized by executing a program by the processor 32.

  In FIG. 13, in the radio wave relay process, after performing initialization and self-diagnosis upon power-on in step S21, if there is no abnormality, registration process of the relay control table 85 is executed in step S22.

  When the registration process in step S22 is completed, the monitoring state is entered, and the intermittent reception process based on the carrier sense period Tcs set in step S23 is performed. Subsequently, at step 24, it is determined whether or not the message has been received effectively. This validity determination is determined as valid and stored as message data when the two message data obtained by starting reception by carrier sense match.

  When it is determined in step 24 that the electronic message is validly received, the process proceeds to step S25, where the received message is analyzed, and the source ID obtained from the message in step S26 and the node ID of the table registration registered in the relay control table 85 are obtained. Are compared to each other, the process proceeds to step S27 as a valid received message, and the received message is relayed and transmitted.

  Subsequently, in step S28, it is determined whether or not the periodic notification timer has expired. If it is determined that the time has expired, a periodic notification message is transmitted in step S29, and then the periodic notification timer is reset and started in step S30. Return to.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a wireless reception relay process by the wireless reception repeater 12-1 of FIG. In FIG. 14, when the radio reception repeater 12-1 is turned on, initialization and self-diagnosis are executed in step S31. If there is no abnormality, registration processing of the relay control table 87 is executed in step S32. .

  When the registration process ends, the monitoring state is entered, and in step S33, it is determined whether or not there is an effective message reception in which the transmission source ID of the received message matches the node ID of the table registration. If it is determined in step S33 that a valid message has been received, the message is analyzed in step S34, and if a fire alarm is determined in step S35, a notification current is sent by a contact output to the sensor line 18 in step S36. A fire alarm signal is transmitted to the machine 10 to output a fire alarm.

  Here, when the P-type receiver 10 is performing accumulation reception, the accumulation timer of the P-type receiver 10 is started when the fire alarm signal is transmitted from the wireless reception repeater 12-1, and the accumulation time is increased. When a fire recovery message is received, the transmission of the fire alarm signal is stopped to notify the fire recovery and reset the accumulation timer. Of course, if recovery is not performed even if the accumulation time is reached, the P-type receiver 10 determines that a fire has occurred due to the time-up of the accumulation timer, and issues a fire alarm.

  If it is determined in step S37 that the message is a periodic notification message, the process proceeds to step S38, and the periodic notification timer of the corresponding node specified by the transmission source ID is reset and started.

  Subsequently, in step S39, it is checked whether or not there is a periodic notification timer that has timed up. If there is a periodic notification timer that has expired, it is determined in step S40 that the periodic notification is abnormal, and the sensor line 18 is set in a pseudo disconnection state. Thus, a failure signal is sent to the P-type receiver 10 to output a failure alarm.

  In addition, although this invention took the radio | wireless disaster prevention system as an example, it is not limited to this, It can apply to the transmission process corresponding to the intermittent reception in a suitable radio | wireless system.

  In the above embodiment, a wireless reception repeater is connected to a sensor line from a P-type receiver as a fire receiver, but a wireless reception repeater is connected to an R-type receiver having a data transmission function. You may make it do.

  Also, when sending an urgent event that has been awaited after sending an urgent event after the pre-alarm event, after sending at least two urgent event messages that can be intermittently received, the transmission message is switched and a message by the urgent event is sent. You can also.

  In addition, the flowcharts in the above-described embodiments have described a schematic example of processing, and the order of processing is not limited to this. Further, it is possible to provide a delay time between each process or between processes, insert another determination, or the like.

The present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above embodiments.

10: P-type receivers 12-1 to 12-3: Radio reception repeaters 14-1 to 14-3: Radio wave repeaters 15: Power supply lines 16-11 to 16-34: Wireless sensors 18-1 to 18-1 18-3: Sensor lines 20, 32, 42, 58: Processors 22, 34, 44: Wireless communication units 24, 35, 46: Antenna 26: Sensor units 28, 36, 50, 68: Operation unit 30: Battery 38 , 54: Memory 40, 56, 62: Power supply unit 48: Wired communication unit 52, 64: Display unit 60-1 to 60-3: Line reception unit 66: Acoustic alarm unit 70: Transfer unit 72: Non-volatile memory 74: Fire determination unit 76: transmission processing unit 78: message transmission control unit 80: carrier sense cycle setting unit 82: intermittent reception processing unit 84: relay processing unit 85, 87: relay control table 86: reception processing unit 88: fire monitoring unit 90 : Message format 92: Phase correction signal 94: serial number 96: the sender ID
98: Message content 100: Error check code 110-1 to 110-6: Transmission message 112-1 to 112-18: Message data 114-1 to 114-3: Receivable start time 116-1 to 116-2: Reception Unstartable time 118-4: Carrier sense timing

Claims (3)

A radio comprising a sensor node, a wireless disaster prevention node and a receiver, receiving and processing a telegram signal transmitted from the sensor node, and transmitting a processing result to the receiver connected by a signal line In disaster prevention system,
The sensor node is
A transmission processing unit that repeats at least two times a message transmission that continuously transmits the same message signal over a predetermined message transmission time and a message pause that pauses the message transmission for a predetermined time when an event occurs;
A pre-alarm event is determined by setting a predetermined fire threshold value for judging a fire alarm and a predetermined pre-alarm threshold value lower than the fire threshold value, and comparing a physical quantity or a change in the physical quantity associated with a fire with the pre-alarm threshold value and the fire threshold value. Or a fire discriminating unit for discriminating a fire alarm event;
In the pre-alarm state after determining the pre-alarm event, when detecting an emergency event other than a fire alarm that does not need to be sent immediately, hold the emergency event and determine the fire alarm event If the emergency transmission is held when the electronic transmission based on the fire notification is performed, the electronic transmission control unit that transmits the electronic transmission based on the emergency event;
A wireless disaster prevention system characterized by comprising:
2. The wireless disaster prevention system according to claim 1, wherein the message transmission control unit of the sensor node retains the emergency event when detecting the emergency event in the pre-alarm state, and restores the pre-alarm state. When the emergency event is held when the emergency event is determined, a wireless disaster prevention system transmits a message based on the emergency event.
  2. The wireless disaster prevention system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission processing unit of the sensor node repeats a message transmission and a message suspension three times when an event occurs, and then a predetermined random suspension time set randomly for each node. The wireless disaster prevention system is characterized in that a message transmission and a message suspension are repeated three times after the random suspension time.

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