CN108490271B - Distributed real-time monitoring device and method for electromagnetic interference along high-speed rail - Google Patents
Distributed real-time monitoring device and method for electromagnetic interference along high-speed rail Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A distributed real-time monitoring device and method for electromagnetic interference along a high-speed rail. Arranging a plurality of monitoring points along the high-speed railway at the photon radio frequency acquisition front end based on a direct-modulation light source, acquiring electromagnetic signals, amplifying the electromagnetic signals, and modulating the electromagnetic signals to optical carriers with different wavelengths; the wavelength division multiplexing mode is combined and transmitted to a central station through an optical fiber link, then the wavelength division multiplexing mode is divided into different channels through a wavelength division demultiplexer, and the time division multiplexing processing is realized through an optical switch: each channel is input to the centralized processing module at different time slots to carry out time domain and frequency domain analysis and information extraction; and further, electromagnetic interference monitoring and classification along the high-speed rail are achieved, and particularly, the monitoring of wireless communication interference of the train and the ground of the high-speed rail is achieved. The method adopts multipoint distributed acquisition and centralized processing, adopts time domain and frequency domain simultaneous detection, is easy to distinguish electromagnetic interference such as image frequency, adjacent frequency and the like, and has important significance for improving the operation safety and the operation efficiency of the high-speed railway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic interference detection, microwave photonics and high-speed railways (or high-speed rails for short), in particular to a device and a method for detecting electromagnetic interference along a high-speed rail in real time.
Background
Currently, high-speed railways are unprecedentedly developed in the world (particularly in China), and the mileage of high-speed railways operated in China reaches 25000km by the end of 2017. Since the control, dispatch and communication of high-speed trains with the running speed of 300km/h and above are transmitted by wireless communication, reliable train-ground wireless communication is a crucial link for the safe running of high-speed railways. The train-ground wireless communication for the high-speed railway mainly comprises the following systems. In China and Europe, the current widely used GSM-R system (global system for mobile communication-railway, railway digital mobile communication system) allocates frequency ranges of uplink 885-889MHz and downlink 930-934 MHz; and include LTE-R systems (long term evolution-hierarchy) that are being developed and applied in the future for high-speed rails, millimeter wave systems, and the like.
In the train-ground wireless communication facing the high-speed railway, in-channel, adjacent-frequency and unauthorized electromagnetic interference can occur in an uplink/downlink frequency band (such as 880-940MHz of a GSM-R system). In the case of electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic attacks, high-speed rail train-to-ground wireless communications (such as the GSM-R, LTE-R system) may be disrupted or destroyed; and if the train control system suffers from interference, the train running at high speed is forced to slow down or stop, resulting in delays, congestion, and even worse accidents. Therefore, electromagnetic interference monitoring along high speed railways is very critical to enhance operational safety and operational efficiency. In the prior art, a high-speed rail 'blank window period' mobile frequency-clearing interference monitoring mode has complexity and non-real-time property, seriously reduces the working efficiency, and cannot carry out real-time monitoring and real-time processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a distributed real-time monitoring device for electromagnetic interference along a high-speed rail, which is easy to integrate, low in cost and strong in electromagnetic interference resistance.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a distributed electromagnetic interference real-time monitoring device along a high-speed rail comprises a photon radio frequency acquisition front end, a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical fiber link, a wavelength division demultiplexer, an optical switch and a centralized processing module which are sequentially cascaded; the photon radio frequency acquisition front end consists of an antenna, a low-noise amplifier and a direct modulation laser which are sequentially cascaded; the centralized processing module consists of a photoelectric detector, an electric signal spectrum analyzer and a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module, and the photoelectric detector and the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module are used for simultaneously carrying out frequency domain and time domain analysis processing on output signals of the photoelectric detector.
The invention also aims to provide a distributed real-time monitoring method for the electromagnetic interference along the high-speed rail, which is easy to integrate, low in cost and strong in electromagnetic interference resistance, aims to acquire electromagnetic signals along the high-speed rail in a distributed manner, processes the electromagnetic signals in a central station in a centralized manner, uses a photon-assisted electromagnetic interference monitoring system, is low in cost and strong in anti-interference capability, and effectively monitors the electromagnetic interference along the high-speed rail in real time.
Yet another object of the present invention is achieved by: a distributed real-time monitoring method for electromagnetic interference along a high-speed rail comprises the following specific monitoring steps: firstly, monitoring points are arranged at fixed points along a high-speed rail to form a distributed acquisition network, and a photon radio frequency acquisition front end is installed at each monitoring point: electromagnetic signals are collected by an antenna, amplified by a low-noise amplifier, sent to a direct modulation laser and modulated to different wavelengths (such as lambda)1，…，λnN is positiveInteger, representing the total number of wavelengths); and multiplexing the optical signals modulated at different monitoring points by a wavelength division multiplexer, transmitting the optical signals to a central station through an optical fiber link in a long distance, and entering the optical fiber link to transmit the optical signals to the central station in a long distance. Then, at the central station, the received optical signal is divided into different channels by the wavelength division demultiplexer, all the channels are connected with the optical switch to realize time division multiplexing, the different channels are separated at different time periods and multiplexed into one channel, and the channel enters the centralized processing module: the method comprises the steps of recovering acquired electromagnetic signals from beat frequencies of optical signals in a channel through a photoelectric detector, analyzing time domain and frequency domain information of the recovered electromagnetic signals based on a spectrum analyzer and a GSM-R demodulation module, monitoring the electromagnetic interference situation of high-speed rail line-to-line vehicle-ground wireless communication (such as a GSM-R, LTE-R system) in real time, and distinguishing the interference type.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
1) distributed acquisition and centralized processing, wherein electromagnetic interference is monitored in real time through fixed-point monitoring points along the high-speed rail;
2) the photon radio frequency acquisition front end amplifies the low noise of the electromagnetic interference and loads the amplified electromagnetic interference on a direct modulation light source, and the amplified electromagnetic interference is pulled far to a central station through an optical fiber link for processing. The optical fiber transmission link has small loss, and the whole system is easy to integrate and has low cost;
3) the remote central station realizes time division multiplexing by adopting an optical switch mode, can monitor multiple points in real time by only one set of centralized processing module, and reduces the cost. Meanwhile, the time domain and the frequency domain are adopted for simultaneous detection, so that the electromagnetic interference of same frequency, adjacent frequency and the like can be easily distinguished.
For electromagnetic interference detection along a high-speed railway, a real-time and online mode needs to be provided, and therefore, a near-end acquisition and centralized processing mode should be adopted. The invention discloses a distributed real-time monitoring method for electromagnetic interference along a high-speed rail, which fully utilizes a distributed acquisition and centralized processing mode to monitor the electromagnetic interference facing the train-ground wireless communication (such as a GSM-R, LTE-R system) of the high-speed rail in real time, and has low cost and easy integration of the whole system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the method of the present invention (in FIG. 1: wavelength division multiplexer 20 and wavelength division demultiplexer 40 are the same type of components, except for the order of the interfaces).
Figure 2 photon radio frequency acquisition front end.
FIG. 3. centralized processing module.
Fig. 4. different wavelength channels are Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) demodulated by optical switches.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the detection apparatus of the present invention includes a photonic radio frequency acquisition front end 10, a wavelength division multiplexer 20, an optical fiber link 30, a wavelength division demultiplexer 40, an optical switch 50, and a centralized processing module 60. The photonic radio frequency acquisition front end (see fig. 2)10 comprises an antenna 101, a low-noise amplifier 102 and a directly modulated laser 103; the centralized processing module (see fig. 3) includes a photodetector 601, an electrical signal spectrum analyzer 602, and a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication (GSM-R, LTE-R system) signal demodulation module 603.
The real-time detection method for electromagnetic interference along the distributed high-speed rail of the device of claim 1 comprises the following specific steps: firstly, monitoring points are distributed along the high-speed rail and a photon radio frequency acquisition front end is installed; electromagnetic signals are collected by an antenna, and are amplified by a low-noise amplifier and then enter a direct modulation laser; secondly, modulating the collected electromagnetic signals to optical carriers with different wavelengths; then, multiplexing the optical signals modulated at different monitoring points by a wavelength division multiplexer, and transmitting the optical signals to a central station through an optical fiber link in a long distance; then, the optical signal is divided into different channels according to different wavelengths by a wavelength division demultiplexer, time division multiplexing is realized by adopting an optical switch, and the different channels are separated and enter a centralized processing module at different time periods; the photoelectric detector is adopted to convert optical signals of all time periods into electromagnetic signals, the time domain and frequency domain analysis is carried out on the recovered electromagnetic signals based on the electric signal spectrum analyzer and the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module in a centralized mode, the electromagnetic interference condition along the high-speed rail is monitored in real time, and the interference type is distinguished. Distributed collection and centralized processing are combined: after the electromagnetic interference is remotely collected at each monitoring point, the electromagnetic interference is remotely pulled to a central station for centralized processing through an optical fiber link. The monitoring points distributed along the high-speed rail are multiple, photon radio frequency acquisition front ends installed at the multiple monitoring points adopt different wavelengths, and are connected and multiplexed by using a wavelength division multiplexer to carry out real-time distributed multi-point monitoring. The optical switch mode is adopted to realize time division multiplexing, and a set of centralized processing module is utilized to analyze the electromagnetic information collected by a plurality of monitoring points in a centralized manner. The high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication system comprises a GSM-R system and an LTE-R system.
Firstly, monitoring points are arranged at fixed points along a high-speed rail, and a photon radio frequency acquisition front end 10 is installed: electromagnetic signals are collected by an antenna 101, amplified by a low noise amplifier 102, and then transmitted to a direct modulation laser 103, modulated to different wavelengths (such as lambda)1，…，λn) On the optical carrier of (a); then, the wavelength division multiplexer 20 is used to connect and multiplex optical carriers at different monitoring points, electromagnetic signals of a plurality of monitoring points are acquired in a distributed manner, and the multiplexed optical signals enter the optical fiber link 30 to be transmitted to the central station at a long distance.
At the central station, the received optical signal is divided into different channels by the wavelength division demultiplexer 40, as shown in fig. 4, all the channel connection optical switches 50 implement time division multiplexing, separate different channels at different time periods, multiplex the different channels into one channel, and then use a set of centralized processing module 60 to perform centralized processing on a plurality of monitoring points along the high-speed rail. In the centralized processing module 60, the optical signal in the channel is beat-frequency-recovered by the photodetector 601 to obtain the collected electromagnetic signal, and then the time domain and frequency domain information is analyzed on the recovered electromagnetic signal based on the electrical signal spectrum analyzer 602 and the demodulation module 603 of the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication (such as the GSM-R, LTE-R system). Take the GSM-R, LTE-R system as an example: spectrum information and power peaks of a wireless signal can be obtained on a frequency domain, and each peak can be identified by a global cell identity (CGI); in the GSM system, the CGI is composed of a mobile country number (MCC), a mobile network number (MNC), a Location Area Code (LAC), and a cell identification Code (CI); in the LTE-R system, the CGI is composed of a mobile country number (MCC), a mobile network number (MNC), an eNodeB identification code (eNodeB _ ID), and a cell identification Code (CI). Each legitimate frequency band information can be identified using the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module 603. If a band cannot be identified as a legitimate CGI code, it will be marked as suspected adjacent-band or out-of-band interference. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic interference of high-speed railway train-ground wireless communication can also be monitored from the time domain: by combining the electric signal spectrum analyzer 602 and the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module 603, a constellation diagram and an eye diagram of signals in a GSM-R system and an LTE-R system can be obtained; according to the quality of the eye diagram and the constellation diagram, the frequency band noise and the electromagnetic interference can be effectively monitored. The electromagnetic interference detection process and steps of the LTE-R system are completely consistent with those of the GSM-R system, and only the frequency band and the modulation mode of the signal are different.
Arranging a plurality of monitoring points along the high-speed railway by using a photon radio frequency acquisition front end based on a directly-adjusted light source; electromagnetic signals are collected, amplified and modulated onto optical carriers with different wavelengths, the electromagnetic signals are transmitted to a central station through an optical fiber link in combination with a wavelength division multiplexer mode, wavelength division is multiplexed into different channels through the wavelength division multiplexer, time division multiplexing is achieved through an optical switch, the channels are input into a centralized processing module at different time slots to conduct time domain and frequency domain analysis and information extraction, and electromagnetic interference monitoring and classification along a high-speed rail are achieved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that several modifications and decorations can be made in the actual implementation without departing from the essence of the method and core device of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A distributed real-time monitoring device for electromagnetic interference along a high-speed rail is characterized by comprising a photon radio frequency acquisition front end (10), a wavelength division multiplexer (20), an optical fiber link (30), a wavelength division demultiplexer (40), an optical switch (50) and a centralized processing module (60) which are sequentially cascaded; the photon radio frequency acquisition front end consists of an antenna (101), a low-noise amplifier (102) and a directly modulated laser (103) which are sequentially cascaded; the centralized processing module is composed of a photoelectric detector (601), an electric signal spectrum analyzer (602) and a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module (603), wherein the electric signal spectrum analyzer (602) and the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module (603) respectively perform frequency domain and time domain analysis processing on output signals of the photoelectric detector (601).
2. The real-time monitoring method for electromagnetic interference along the distributed high-speed rail of the device according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: firstly, monitoring points are distributed along the high-speed rail and a photon radio frequency acquisition front end is installed; electromagnetic signals are collected by an antenna, and are amplified by a low-noise amplifier and then enter a direct modulation laser; secondly, modulating the collected electromagnetic signals to optical carriers with different wavelengths; then, multiplexing the optical signals modulated at different monitoring points by a wavelength division multiplexer, and transmitting the optical signals to a central station through an optical fiber link in a long distance; then, the optical signal is divided into different channels according to different wavelengths by a wavelength division demultiplexer, time division multiplexing is realized by adopting an optical switch, and the different channels are separated and enter a centralized processing module at different time periods; converting the optical signals of all time periods into electromagnetic signals by using a photoelectric detector, carrying out time domain and frequency domain analysis on the recovered electromagnetic signals in a centralized manner based on an electric signal spectrum analyzer and a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module, monitoring the electromagnetic interference condition along the high-speed rail in real time, and distinguishing the interference type; distributed collection and centralized processing are combined: after the electromagnetic interference is remotely collected at each monitoring point, the electromagnetic interference is remotely pulled to a central station for centralized processing through an optical fiber link; the monitoring points distributed along the high-speed rail are multiple, photon radio frequency acquisition front ends installed at the multiple monitoring points adopt different wavelengths, and are connected and multiplexed by using a wavelength division multiplexer to perform real-time distributed multi-point monitoring; the time division multiplexing is realized by adopting an optical switch mode, and electromagnetic information collected by a plurality of monitoring points is analyzed in a centralized way by utilizing a set of centralized processing module; the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication comprises a global system for mobile communications-road system and a long term evolution-road system; in the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication system, a spectrum analyzer (602) and a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module (603) acquire frequency spectrum information and power peaks of an electromagnetic signal recovered by a photoelectric detector (601) on a frequency domain, and each peak is identified by a global cell identification code; in a global system for mobile communications-terrestrial system, a global cell identification code consists of a mobile country number, a mobile network number, a location area code and a cell identification code; in the long term evolution-railway system, a global cell identification code consists of a mobile country number, a mobile network number, an eNodeB identification code and a cell identification code; identifying each legal frequency band information by using a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module (603); if a band cannot be identified as a legitimate global cell identity, it will be marked as suspicious neighbor or out-of-band interference; meanwhile, the electromagnetic interference of the high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication is monitored from the time domain: combining an electric signal spectrum analyzer (602) and a high-speed rail train-ground wireless communication signal demodulation module (603), and obtaining a constellation diagram and an eye diagram of signals in a global system for mobile communications-terrestrial system and a longterm evolution-terrestrial system; according to the quality of the eye diagram and the constellation diagram, the frequency band noise and the electromagnetic interference can be effectively monitored.
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| CN201810161289.3A CN108490271B (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | Distributed real-time monitoring device and method for electromagnetic interference along high-speed rail |
| JP2020542246A JP6975492B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-03-01 | Distributed real-time monitoring device for electromagnetic interference along high-speed railways and its method |
| PCT/CN2018/077710 WO2019165618A1 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-03-01 | Distributed device for monitoring electromagnetic interference along high-speed rail in real time and related method |
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| CN109861771B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-01-14 | 上海控创信息技术股份有限公司 | Adjacent channel interference power device and testing method for rail transit LTE wireless communication system |
| CN111650502A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-09-11 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating aging state of relay based on electromagnetic signal |
| CN111740803B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2024-02-13 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Anti-interference device of rail transit electromagnetic communication system |
| CN113131970A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-07-16 | 西南交通大学 | High-iron electromagnetic interference avoidance system based on reinforcement learning and radio over fiber technology |
| CN113671264A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-11-19 | 博微太赫兹信息科技有限公司 | Switch type multi-channel radiometer |
| CN113740619B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-04-05 | 煤科(北京)检测技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic signal monitoring device |
| CN114111895A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Device and method for sharing electronic instrument |
| CN116311861B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2024-02-13 | 讯芸电子科技(中山)有限公司 | Equipment remote control method based on photoelectron module |
| CN115981220A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-04-18 | 济南森峰激光科技股份有限公司 | Distributed multi-mode laser control system |
| CN116500553B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-10-03 | 北京交通大学 | Radar mutual interference suppression method, radar mutual interference suppression device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN102315880A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-11 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Light path transmission method and device |
| CN202856745U (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-04-03 | 成都和跃科技有限公司 | Railway mobile communication interference real time monitor |
| CN103175849B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2015-04-15 | 黑龙江大学 | Optical fiber on-line vehicle bearing fault detection device |
| CN103457661B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-08-17 | 东南大学 | A kind of LED array visible light communication system and communication means thereof |
| CN105323791A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-10 | 北京欣易晨科技发展股份有限公司 | System for monitoring GSM-R wireless frequency spectrum along railway |
| JPWO2016151715A1 (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2017-07-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Noise monitoring system |
| CN104714108B (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-12-05 | 中国铁路总公司 | A kind of railway trains transient pulse interference field strength analysis system |
| CN205785255U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-12-07 | 内蒙古大学 | A kind of railway monitoring system based on quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing network |
| JP6620072B2 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-12-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Noise monitoring system, railway vehicle equipped with the same, and noise monitoring method |
| CN107508617B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2023-03-17 | 洪清喜 | 450MHz digital-analog compatible locomotive integrated wireless communication equipment |
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| CN108490271A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
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Application publication date: 20180904 Assignee: Chengdu guanghuitong Technology Co., Ltd Assignor: SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG University Contract record no.: X2020980005985 Denomination of invention: A distributed real-time monitoring device and method for electromagnetic interference along high-speed railway Granted publication date: 20200619 License type: Common License Record date: 20200911 |