CN108487930A - A kind of method that rotary churning pile administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking - Google Patents
A kind of method that rotary churning pile administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking Download PDFInfo
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- CN108487930A CN108487930A CN201810163970.1A CN201810163970A CN108487930A CN 108487930 A CN108487930 A CN 108487930A CN 201810163970 A CN201810163970 A CN 201810163970A CN 108487930 A CN108487930 A CN 108487930A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that rotary churning pile administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking, first to the lithology of floor strata detect the position of determining bottom plate key stratum, rotary churning pile group is set according to fixed intervals on each cross section that pucking section easily occurs along the roadway floor of deep-well soft broken rock stratum, all claim to help 3~5 rotary churning piles of interval construction to two using tunnel cross-section center as bound pair on each cross section, 45 ° of base angle rotary churning piles and 0 ° of vertical rotary churning pile are laid in same cross section.The present invention can cut off pressure transmission path of the roadway's sides to bottom plate, reduce the extruding formed to bottom plate, it is suppressed that deformation；Floor strata is detected in advance so that rotary churning pile can reinforce bottom plate competent bed；Solve the problems, such as can the anchor property noted difference loose crushing roadway floor reinforce, strong reinforcement measure is carried out to original ravelly ground in the case where not destroying tunnel original structure, difficulty of construction will not increase with mining depth and increase, the General Promotion stability in tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for administering roadway pucking, specifically a kind of rotary churning pile administers deep Soft rock tunnel
The method of pucking.
Background technology
The problem of causing for loose coal petrography inter-road road pucking, such as：It is that the cross-sectional area in tunnel becomes smaller first, is unfavorable for leading to
Wind；Secondly roadway floor becomes out-of-flatness after pucking, is unfavorable for transporting, pedestrian is also dangerous, makes it possible under serious conditions
Lane height cannot meet worker and normally walk requirement；In addition pucking can also influence top plate and two stress states and stability helped,
So that the force way etc. of entire bearing structure and support unit also will produce a series of variation, and then make the steady of tunnel entirety
It is qualitative to change.The problem of Floor Heave in Roadway by be likely to production technique be constantly progressive and the increase of mining depth and become
It obtains more prominent.Studies have shown that into after deep mining, especially in high stress and soft rock mine roadway, pucking amount has occupied tunnel
The major part of deflection.Therefore, very urgent to the strick precaution of Floor Heave in Roadway and improvement.
Currently, the administering method of Floor Heave in Roadway is broadly divided into destressing method and method for strengthening two major classes.Destressing method is mainly by cutting
The measures such as slot, drilling make two to help or the stress of bottom plate are shifted to deep, floor strata stress reduced, to reach floor lift control
Purpose.It includes bottom plate grooving, bottom plate drilling, bottom that destressing method mainly helps release, bottom plate release including bottom plate release and two
Plate standing；Two help release to include roadway's sides drilling, two help standing；In addition there are dug near by protection tunnel
Relieving way.The intensity that method for strengthening mainly improves roadway floor country rock by reinforcing soleplate mainly has bottom plate come floor lift control
The technical measures such as anchor pole, floor grouting, closed support and concrete anti-arch.But for the weak broken rock stratum of deep,
Using pressure release method effect and bad, and use bolt anchorage, slip casting that can not reach ideal effect, using closed support,
The combined supportings such as anti-bottom arch, although there is certain effect, cost is too high, operational sequence is complicated.
Chinese patent application 201220518121.1 discloses a kind of counter-arch shaped sleeper for administering Floor Heave in Roadway, this method
Although the drawbacks of overcoming reinforcing of the tradition to bottom plate, if applied it in Deep Soft Rock tunnel, loose bottom plate
Still it cannot effectively control；When using reinforced concrete wall, such as Chinese invention patent 201210307001.1, due to construction
Difficulty, wall height are very restricted, and can not be deep into roadway floor and be stablized rock stratum, finally be difficult to obtain satisfied effect
Fruit.In addition, Chinese patent application 201520403496.7 also discloses a kind of beam anchor composite structure preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking,
Regulation effect of the beam anchor structure in deep-well Loose floor that this method uses be bad and complex procedures, the recycling of girder steel
It does not reach requirement.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of construction be easy, it is easy to operate at
This is low, and is capable of the pucking phenomenon of specific aim control deep weak stratum, in the case where not destroying tunnel original structure rock stratum
The rotary churning pile improvement deep weak stratum that the generation of entire Floor Heave in Roadway can be taken precautions against, effectively improve tunnel overall space stability
The method of Floor Heave in Roadway.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of rotary churning pile improvement deep Soft rock tunnel
The method of pucking, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Pry through floor strata situation：On the bottom plate in the tunnel of deep-well soft broken, peeped using inspection instrument for borehole
Depending on the floor strata situation of tunnel cross-section center position, design drilling depth is 10-15m, and bore diameter 28mm uses drilling machine
It plays the drilling of 12-17m downwards from bottom plate, opens endoscope, endoscope probe is put in drilling, video recording, note during putting in
Record the rock stratum information of the following different depth of bottom plate；
Step 2：Determine the drilling depth needed for churning：According to prying through as a result, determining hard in floor strata for step 1
The specific location of layer position, further determines that the drilling depth during churning process implementing need to be deep into solid bed position；
Step 3：Design rotary churning pile drilling：Claim to help direction interval construction 3 to two using tunnel cross section bottom plate center as bound pair
The angle of~5 rotary churning piles, two base angle rotary churning piles and vertical direction is 45 °, the vertical rotary churning pile between two base angle rotary churning piles with
The angle of vertical direction is 0 °, and each rotary churning pile exposes the drilling disposed at equal distance of backplate surface, and the drilling of each rotary churning pile is straight
Diameter is 50~100mm, and rotary churning pile drilling depth extends to hard backplane level position, with intermediate vertical rotary churning pile of first constructing, is applied again
The sequence of the base angle rotary churning pile on work both sides carries out jet grouting pile construction；
Step 4：Prepare cement grout：According to the ratio of mud 1:1 prepare cement grout, and be added cement consumption 3~
The rapid hardening chemical agent of 5wt%；According to first water, raw material is put into agitator by grey sequence again, is eventually adding rapid hardening chemical agent
Slurries are made in stirring 15-20 minutes, spare；
Step 5：Rotary churning pile drills：First in the middle part setting position of bottom plate, using drill hole of drilling machine until what is set is hard
Backplane level position is then lifted out drilling machine, and promotion speed is 0.2~0.25m/min, the churning in promotion, and design parameter is：Churning is noted
Starch 20~25MPa of pressure, it is ensured that high-pressure jet cutting rock stratum, flow 20L/min, 10~15r/min of rotary speed, nozzle are straight
2~3mm of diameter；
Step 6：After churning, the anchor pole that will carry " fork " shape is inserted into from churning pile center up to rotary churning pile drills most
Depths, the bolt diameter are 25-30mm, and " fork " shape is processed every 500mm on anchor pole；
Step 7：Five are repeated the above steps to remaining each rotary churning pile of the same cross section of step 6 construction tunnel, it is each
Rotary churning pile is according to equidistant construction；
Step 8：Step 1 is repeated to step 7, along floor length direction according to the distance construction that array pitch is 0.9-1.2m
Rotary churning pile group on each cross section, until completing that pucking section bottom plate easily occurs in the tunnel in deep-well soft broken rock stratum
Construction.
As the preferred embodiment of said program, according to the loosening degree of floor strata in the step 3, determine that churning is bored
The array pitch in hole is between 0.7-1.4m.
Preferably, the rapid hardening chemical agent in the step 4 is aluminum oxide clinker.
As another preferred embodiment of said program, when rotation lance lift is to soon close to bottom plate table in the step 5
It, should be since rotation lance lift reaches backplate surface or less 1.0m, with the speed of 0.1~0.15m/min when the horizontal position in face
Degree promotes churning, until backplate surface.It is so promoted, can be formed at backplate surface and more be stablized, the larger pile crown of range.
Preferably, in order to avoid that contingency occurs as possible, in the step 3 when constructing base angle rotary churning pile, angle is inclined
Difference is no more than 1%~1.5%.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has following advantage：
1) present invention is formed by each rotary churning pile and is relatively large in diameter, and 45 ° of base angle churnings that the cooperation of same cross section is laid
Stake and 0 ° of vertical rotary churning pile can effectively cut off pressure transmission path of the roadway's sides to bottom plate, to weaken back,
Two help the extruding that pressure forms bottom plate, effectively inhibit the deformation of bottom plate；By high-pressure jet churning construction technology, solve
Can the loose crushing roadway floor of the anchor property noted difference the problem of efficiently reinforcing, do not have the wind for destroying tunnel original structure rock stratum
Danger is suitable for the rock stratum tunnel of loose weak, and the diameter for reinforcing rotary churning pile increases nearly 20 times compared to common bolt, reinforcing
It can be more preferable；
2) present invention on each cross section that pucking section easily occurs along the roadway floor of deep-well soft broken rock stratum according to
The rotary churning pile group of fixed intervals setting enhances entire bottom plate, and is carried out on each individual cross section due to constructing, and constructs
Difficulty will not increase with the increase of mining depth, and the solution of pucking situation avoids the hair of deformation condition in deep-well tunnel
It is raw, solve the deep-well pucking problem on deformation that can not be overcome in currently available technology；
3) pucking phenomenon obviously weakens due to the above reasons, avoids associated with bottom plate two and helps and roof Stress
The deterioration of state improves the stability of tunnel solid space；Lane space is stablized while being met disconnected needed for dash
Face area, tunnel bottom is more smooth, facilitates transport and pedestrian's walking, improves the safety of tunnel entirety, alleviate and apply
The psychological burden of worker person；
4) present invention has carried out specific aim detection to the lithology of floor strata in advance before rotary churning pile of constructing so that rotation
Spray stake can reinforce the key stratum solid bed position under bottom plate, play apparent consolidation effect；The slurry of each jet grouting pile construction
Liquid uses cement mortar, can reach and be efficiently used to resource, and intensity height, consolidation effect are good after cement slurry sets, also avoid
When simple supporting to the consumption of metals resources, reduce cost；
5) present invention is at low cost, and constructing operation is simple, labor intensity is low, is fallen below most to the pollution of environment in work progress
Low, the economic results in society of generation are more notable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the tunnel cross-sectional view that present invention construction is completed；
In figure, 1. tunnels, 2. base angle rotary churning piles, 3. bottom plates, 4. vertical rotary churning piles, 5. anchor poles, 5-1. " fork " shape.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the method that rotary churning pile administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking includes the following steps：
Step 1：Pry through floor strata situation：On the bottom plate 3 in the tunnel of deep-well soft broken 1, using inspection instrument for borehole
The 3 rock stratum situation of bottom plate of 1 cross-section center position of tunnel is pried through, design drilling depth is 10-15m, bore diameter 28mm, is considered
It is not easy to be discharged to downward drilling drillings, actual borehole depth is longer 2m than design drilling depth, beats downwards from bottom plate 3 using drilling machine
Endoscope is opened in the drilling of 12-17m, and endoscope probe is put in drilling, is recorded a video during putting in, is recorded 3 or less bottom plate no
With the rock stratum information of depth；
Step 2：Determine the drilling depth needed for churning：According to prying through as a result, determining 3 rock stratum backbone of bottom plate for step 1
The specific location of hard formation position further determines that the drilling depth during churning process implementing need to be deep into solid bed position；
Step 3：Design rotary churning pile drilling：Claim to help direction interval to apply to two using 1 cross section bottom plate of tunnel, 3 center as bound pair
The angle of 3~5 rotary churning piles of work, two base angle rotary churning piles 2 and vertical direction is 45 °, the vertical churning between two base angle rotary churning piles 2
The angle of stake 4 and vertical direction is 0 °, and each rotary churning pile exposes the drilling disposed at equal distance on 3 surface of bottom plate, and each rotary churning pile bores
A diameter of 50~100mm in hole, rotary churning pile drilling depth extend to hard backplane level position, and two base angle rotary churning piles (2) reach hard
10-15cm is re-extended behind hard backplane level position, through experiment, base angle rotary churning pile (2) gos deep into after hard bottom plate 10-15cm so that reinforcing more
It is firm, while two help that the stress of bottom plate 3 the hard backplane level position of bottom can be quickly dispersed, to further obviate depth
The phenomenon that portion's Soft rock tunnel pucking.With the base angle rotary churning pile 2 of first construct intermediate vertical rotary churning pile 4, both sides of constructing again
Sequence carries out jet grouting pile construction；
Step 4：Prepare cement grout：According to the ratio of mud 1:1 prepares cement grout, and prevents in the construction process
The destruction of bottom plate 3 is caused, the rapid hardening chemical agent of 3~5wt% of cement consumption is added；According to first water, grey sequence puts raw material again
Enter in agitator, be eventually adding rapid hardening chemical agent and stir 15-20 minutes, slurries are made, it is spare；
Step 5：Rotary churning pile drills：First in the middle part setting position of bottom plate 3, using drill hole of drilling machine until the heavily fortified point of setting
Hard backplane level position is then lifted out drilling machine, and promotion speed is 0.2~0.25m/min, the churning in promotion, and design parameter is：Churning
20~25MPa of grouting pressure, it is ensured that can high-pressure jet cut rock stratum, flow 20L/min, 10~15r/min of rotary speed,
2~3mm of nozzle diameter；
Step 6：After churning, the anchor pole 5 with " fork " shape 5-1 is inserted into from churning pile center up to rotary churning pile bores
Hole bosom, 5 a diameter of 25-30mm of the anchor pole process " fork " shape 5-1 on anchor pole 5 every 500mm；
Step 7：Five are repeated the above steps to remaining each rotary churning pile of 1 same cross section of step 6 construction tunnel, it is each
Rotary churning pile is according to equidistant construction；
Step 8：Step 1 is repeated to step 7, along 3 length direction of bottom plate according to the distance construction that array pitch is 0.9-1.2m
Rotary churning pile group on each cross section, until completing that pucking section bottom plate 3 easily occurs in the tunnel 1 in deep-well soft broken rock stratum
Construction.
Preferably, the array pitch of same section churning drilling is determined according to the loosening degree of 3 rock stratum of bottom plate in the step 3
For 0.7-1.4m.
Preferably, the rapid hardening chemical agent in the step 4 is aluminum oxide clinker, and aluminum oxide clinker is by bauxite, soda ash, life
Lime mixed sintering at.
Preferably, when encountering special geologic condition, in order to ensure the pile-forming effect of each rotary churning pile, in the step 5 when
Revolve lance lift to soon close to the horizontal position on 3 surface of bottom plate when, should be below rotation lance lift arrival bottom plate 3 surface
1.0m starts, and promotes churning, churning several seconds at a slow speed, then promote 0.5m at a slow speed upwards, until 3 surface of bottom plate.So promoted, it can be with
The pile crown more stable, range is larger is formed at 3 surface of bottom plate.
Preferably, bigger in view of inclination angle, in the construction process, staff must carry out safety measure, in order to avoid
Contingency occurs, in the step 3 when construct base angle rotary churning pile 2, angular deviation no more than 1%~1.5%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that rotary churning pile administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Pry through floor strata situation：On the bottom plate (3) in the tunnel (1) of deep-well soft broken, using inspection instrument for borehole
Pry through bottom plate (3) rock stratum situation of tunnel (1) cross-section center position, design drilling depth is 10-15m, bore diameter 28mm,
It plays the drilling of 12-17m downwards from bottom plate (3) using drilling machine, opens endoscope, endoscope probe is put in drilling, was put in
It records a video in journey, the rock stratum information of record bottom plate (3) following different depth；
Step 2：Determine the drilling depth needed for churning：According to prying through as a result, determining hard in bottom plate (3) rock stratum for step 1
The specific location of layer position, further determines that the drilling depth during churning process implementing need to be deep into solid bed position；
Step 3：Design rotary churning pile drilling：Claim to help direction interval to apply to two using tunnel (1) cross section bottom plate (3) center as bound pair
The angle of 3~5 rotary churning piles of work, two base angle rotary churning piles (2) and vertical direction is 45 °, vertical between two base angle rotary churning piles (2)
The angle of rotary churning pile (4) and vertical direction is 0 °, and each rotary churning pile exposes the drilling disposed at equal distance on bottom plate (3) surface, and each
A diameter of 50~100mm of rotary churning pile drilling, rotary churning pile drilling depth extend to hard backplane level position, with intermediate hang down of first constructing
Straight rotary churning pile (4), both sides of constructing again the sequence of base angle rotary churning pile (2) carry out jet grouting pile construction；
Step 4：Prepare cement grout：According to the ratio of mud 1:1 prepares cement grout, and is added 3~5wt%'s of cement consumption
Rapid hardening chemical agent；According to first water, raw material is put into agitator by grey sequence again, is eventually adding rapid hardening chemical agent stirring 15-
20 minutes, slurries are made, it is spare；
Step 5：Rotary churning pile drills：First in the middle part setting position of bottom plate (3), using drill hole of drilling machine until what is set is hard
Backplane level position is then lifted out drilling machine, and promotion speed is 0.2~0.25m/min, the churning in promotion, and design parameter is：Churning is noted
Starch 20~25MPa of pressure, it is ensured that high-pressure jet cutting rock stratum, flow 20L/min, 10~15r/min of rotary speed, nozzle are straight
2~3mm of diameter；
Step 6：After churning, the anchor pole (5) that will carry " fork " shape (5-1) is inserted into from churning pile center up to rotary churning pile bores
Hole bosom, a diameter of 25-30mm of the anchor pole (5) process " fork " shape (5-1) on anchor pole (5) every 500mm；
Step 7：Five are repeated the above steps to remaining each rotary churning pile of step 6 construction tunnel (1) same cross section, Ge Gexuan
Stake is sprayed according to equidistant construction；
Step 8：Step 1 is repeated to step 7, it is each according to the distance construction that array pitch is 0.9-1.2m along bottom plate (3) length direction
Rotary churning pile group on a cross section, until completing that pucking section bottom plate easily occurs in the tunnel (1) in deep-well soft broken rock stratum
(3) construction.
2. the method that a kind of rotary churning pile according to claim 1 administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking, which is characterized in that
According to the loosening degree of bottom plate (3) rock stratum in the step 3, determine the array pitch of churning drilling between 0.7-1.4m.
3. the method that a kind of rotary churning pile according to claim 1 administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking, which is characterized in that
Rapid hardening chemical agent in the step 4 is aluminum oxide clinker.
4. the method that a kind of rotary churning pile according to claim 1 administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking, which is characterized in that
In the step 5 when revolve lance lift to soon close to the horizontal position on bottom plate (3) surface when, should from revolve lance lift to
1.0m starts below up to bottom plate (3) surface, churning is promoted with the speed of 0.1~0.15m/min, until bottom plate (3) surface.
5. the method that a kind of rotary churning pile according to claim 1 administers deep Soft rock tunnel pucking, which is characterized in that
In the step 3 when constructing base angle rotary churning pile (2), angular deviation is no more than 1%~1.5%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109139057A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-04 | 六盘水师范学院 | A kind of coal cutting roadway bottom plate water suction pucking administering method |
| CN111042844A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-04-21 | 西安科技大学 | Roadway floor anchor pile reinforcing method |
| CN116882012A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-10-13 | 安徽建筑大学 | Deep roadway floor heave influence factor and feature analysis method |
Citations (5)
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| CN108487930B (en) | 2019-06-04 |
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