CN108484127A - 一种高温耐火砖及制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010922 glass waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高温耐火砖及制备方法,所述耐火砖包括如下组分:菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、高粘凹凸棒石粘土、硅酸钙水泥、氧化铝、硅藻土、玻璃废渣、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料。制备方法包括:首先将各组分粉碎,然后按照顺序混炼,再经过成型、干燥、烧结,即得所述高温耐火砖。本发明所述耐火砖不仅具有较好的热稳定性、机械强度和耐磨性,还具有较好的抗震性,大大延长了耐火砖的使用寿命,具有较好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料加工技术领域,具体地,涉及一种高温耐火砖及制备方法。
背景技术
耐火砖为具有一定形状和尺寸的耐火材料。耐火砖按照尺寸可分为标准型砖、普通砖和特异型砖等,可作用于建筑窑炉、普通退火炉以及各种热工设备的高温建筑材料等,并且能够在高温下承受各种物理化学变化和机械作用。耐火砖作为高温耐火的材料,目前市场上的耐火砖大多为高温烧制的炉内用,并且不适合于具有恶劣环境的室外作业的高温炉,并且现有的耐火砖由于机械强度、耐磨性、抗震稳定性不理想,其使用寿命较短,不仅浪费了资源,更增加了成本。
因此,研究开发一种使用寿命长、各项性能指标的高强度、高温耐火砖是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种高温耐火砖及制备方法,所述耐火砖不仅具有较好的热稳定性、机械强度和耐磨性,还具有较好的抗震性,大大延长了耐火砖的使用寿命,具有较好的应用前景。
本发明解决技术问题采用如下技术方案:
本发明涉及一种高温耐火砖,包括如下重量份的各组分:菱镁矿35~46份、石英粉6~13份、高铝矾土熟料12~18份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土9~17份、硅酸钙水泥5~15份、氧化铝8~16份、硅藻土3~9份、玻璃废渣7~15份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料6~15份。
优选地,所述菱镁矿40份、石英粉10份、高铝矾土熟料16份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土15份、硅酸钙水泥12份、氧化铝13份、硅藻土7份、玻璃废渣12份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料9份。
优选地,所述菱镁矿38份、石英粉8份、高铝矾土熟料14份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土13份、硅酸钙水泥10份、氧化铝15份、硅藻土6份、玻璃废渣10份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料12份。
优选地,所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土为天然凹凸棒石粘土经提纯、活化后的产物。
本发明还涉及一种制备高温耐火砖的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配比称取菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、氧化铝,分别粉碎,并过50~100目筛,混合均匀,备用;
(2)按照配比分别称取聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料加入到混炼机中,混炼5~10min,然后向混炼机中加入配比量的玻璃废渣,混炼10~15min,然后再加入步骤(1)得到的混合物,继续混炼10~15min,再向混合物中加入配比量的硅酸盐水泥、高粘凹凸棒石粘土和硅藻土,混炼5~10min,得到混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合物置于压砖机中压制成型,其中压砖机压力为450~520T,制得砖坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制备得到的砖坯置于烘干机中烘干,然后再于400~550℃条件下高温烧结1~2h,再升温至1300~1400℃条件下烧结2~3h,得到所述高温耐火砖。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中混炼温度为200~230℃。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中加入的高粘凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括如下步骤:
取天然凹凸棒石粘土进行粉碎并过200目筛,加水,搅拌形成悬浮泥浆,取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理5~10min,真空抽滤;将滤饼烘干,然后置于马弗炉中以20℃/min的速度程序升温至900℃~1000℃,然后恒温焙烧4~6h,自然冷却,即得所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为130~150℃,干燥时间为1~2h。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
(1)本发明所述的高温耐火砖,不仅具有较好的热稳定性、机械强度和耐磨性,还具有较好的抗震性,大大延长了耐火砖的使用寿命,具有较好的应用前景。
(2)本发明所述的高温耐火砖中添加有高粘凹凸棒石粘土,一方面其高粘特性,使得混合材料的粘结性能大大提高,进而使得砖体的强度大大增加,避免了常规砖体掉屑的状况,另一方面由于凹凸棒石粘土本身的特性,使得材料的具有耐高温、耐磨损的性能。
(3)本发明所述的高温耐火砖中添加有玻璃废渣,一方面提高了砖体各组分之间的粘结牢固性,另一方面实现了废弃物的再利用,降低了原料成本。
(4)本发明所述的高温耐火砖中添加有聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料,由于其本身具有优异的耐烧蚀性能,将其加入砖体中后,使得砖体的耐高温、耐火性能大大提高,同时降低了耐火砖的重量,为运输和使用也提供了方便。
(5)本发明所述的高温耐火砖的制备方法简单、操作方便,工艺条件温和,适合工业化推广生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:
本实施例涉及一种高温耐火砖及制备方法;
所述高温耐火砖由如下组分制备而成:
菱镁矿40份、石英粉10份、高铝矾土熟料16份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土15份、硅酸钙水泥12份、氧化铝13份、硅藻土7份、玻璃废渣12份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料9份。
其中,所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土为天然凹凸棒石粘土经提纯、活化后的产物。一方面其高粘特性,使得混合材料的粘结性能大大提高,进而使得砖体的强度大大增加,避免了常规砖体掉屑的状况,另一方面由于凹凸棒石粘土本身的特性,使得材料的具有耐高温、耐磨损的性能。
本发明制备高温耐火砖的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配比称取菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、氧化铝,分别粉碎,并过50~100目筛,混合均匀,备用;
(2)按照配比分别称取聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料加入到混炼机中,混炼10min,然后向混炼机中加入配比量的玻璃废渣,混炼10min,然后再加入步骤(1)得到的混合物,继续混炼15min,再向混合物中加入配比量的硅酸盐水泥、高粘凹凸棒石粘土和硅藻土,混炼10min,得到混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合物置于压砖机中压制成型,其中压砖机压力为500T,制得砖坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制备得到的砖坯置于烘干机中烘干,然后再于500℃条件下高温烧结2h,再升温至1400℃条件下烧结3h,得到所述高温耐火砖。
其中,所述步骤(2)中混炼温度为220℃。
其中,所述步骤(2)中加入的高粘凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括如下步骤:
取天然凹凸棒石粘土进行粉碎并过200目筛,加水,搅拌形成悬浮泥浆,取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理10min,真空抽滤;将滤饼烘干,然后置于马弗炉中以20℃/min的速度程序升温至1000℃,然后恒温焙烧5h,自然冷却,即得所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
其中,所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为140℃,干燥时间为2h。
实施例2:
本实施例涉及一种高温耐火砖及制备方法;
所述高温耐火砖由如下组分制备而成:
菱镁矿38份、石英粉8份、高铝矾土熟料14份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土13份、硅酸钙水泥10份、氧化铝15份、硅藻土6份、玻璃废渣10份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料12份。
其中,所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土为天然凹凸棒石粘土经提纯、活化后的产物。一方面其高粘特性,使得混合材料的粘结性能大大提高,进而使得砖体的强度大大增加,避免了常规砖体掉屑的状况,另一方面由于凹凸棒石粘土本身的特性,使得材料的具有耐高温、耐磨损的性能。
本发明制备高温耐火砖的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配比称取菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、氧化铝,分别粉碎,并过50~100目筛,混合均匀,备用;
(2)按照配比分别称取聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料加入到混炼机中,混炼10min,然后向混炼机中加入配比量的玻璃废渣,混炼10min,然后再加入步骤(1)得到的混合物,继续混炼10min,再向混合物中加入配比量的硅酸盐水泥、高粘凹凸棒石粘土和硅藻土,混炼10min,得到混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合物置于压砖机中压制成型,其中压砖机压力为490T,制得砖坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制备得到的砖坯置于烘干机中烘干,然后再于520℃条件下高温烧结2h,再升温至1400℃条件下烧结2h,得到所述高温耐火砖。
其中,所述步骤(2)中混炼温度为230℃。
其中,所述步骤(2)中加入的高粘凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括如下步骤:
取天然凹凸棒石粘土进行粉碎并过200目筛,加水,搅拌形成悬浮泥浆,取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理10min,真空抽滤;将滤饼烘干,然后置于马弗炉中以20℃/min的速度程序升温至1000℃,然后恒温焙烧5h,自然冷却,即得所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
其中,所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为140℃,干燥时间为2h。
实施例3:
本实施例涉及一种高温耐火砖及制备方法;
所述高温耐火砖由如下组分制备而成:
菱镁矿35份、石英粉6份、高铝矾土熟料12份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土9份、硅酸钙水泥5份、氧化铝8份、硅藻土3份、玻璃废渣7份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料6份。
其中,所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土为天然凹凸棒石粘土经提纯、活化后的产物。一方面其高粘特性,使得混合材料的粘结性能大大提高,进而使得砖体的强度大大增加,避免了常规砖体掉屑的状况,另一方面由于凹凸棒石粘土本身的特性,使得材料的具有耐高温、耐磨损的性能。
本发明制备高温耐火砖的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配比称取菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、氧化铝,分别粉碎,并过50~100目筛,混合均匀,备用;
(2)按照配比分别称取聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料加入到混炼机中,混炼5min,然后向混炼机中加入配比量的玻璃废渣,混炼15min,然后再加入步骤(1)得到的混合物,继续混炼10min,再向混合物中加入配比量的硅酸盐水泥、高粘凹凸棒石粘土和硅藻土,混炼5min,得到混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合物置于压砖机中压制成型,其中压砖机压力为450T,制得砖坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制备得到的砖坯置于烘干机中烘干,然后再于400℃条件下高温烧结2h,再升温至1300℃条件下烧结3h,得到所述高温耐火砖。
其中,所述步骤(2)中混炼温度为200℃。
其中,所述步骤(2)中加入的高粘凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括如下步骤:
取天然凹凸棒石粘土进行粉碎并过200目筛,加水,搅拌形成悬浮泥浆,取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理5min,真空抽滤;将滤饼烘干,然后置于马弗炉中以20℃/min的速度程序升温至900℃,然后恒温焙烧6h,自然冷却,即得所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
其中,所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为130℃,干燥时间为2h。
实施例4:
本实施例涉及一种高温耐火砖及制备方法;
所述高温耐火砖由如下组分制备而成:
菱镁矿46份、石英粉13份、高铝矾土熟料18份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土17份、硅酸钙水泥15份、氧化铝16份、硅藻土9份、玻璃废渣15份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料15份。
其中,所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土为天然凹凸棒石粘土经提纯、活化后的产物。一方面其高粘特性,使得混合材料的粘结性能大大提高,进而使得砖体的强度大大增加,避免了常规砖体掉屑的状况,另一方面由于凹凸棒石粘土本身的特性,使得材料的具有耐高温、耐磨损的性能。
本发明制备高温耐火砖的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配比称取菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、氧化铝,分别粉碎,并过50~100目筛,混合均匀,备用;
(2)按照配比分别称取聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料加入到混炼机中,混炼10min,然后向混炼机中加入配比量的玻璃废渣,混炼15min,然后再加入步骤(1)得到的混合物,继续混炼15min,再向混合物中加入配比量的硅酸盐水泥、高粘凹凸棒石粘土和硅藻土,混炼10min,得到混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合物置于压砖机中压制成型,其中压砖机压力为520T,制得砖坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制备得到的砖坯置于烘干机中烘干,然后再于550℃条件下高温烧结1h,再升温至1400℃条件下烧结2h,得到所述高温耐火砖。
其中,所述步骤(2)中混炼温度为230℃。
其中,所述步骤(2)中加入的高粘凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括如下步骤:
取天然凹凸棒石粘土进行粉碎并过200目筛,加水,搅拌形成悬浮泥浆,取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理10min,真空抽滤;将滤饼烘干,然后置于马弗炉中以20℃/min的速度程序升温至1000℃,然后恒温焙烧4h,自然冷却,即得所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
其中,所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为150℃,干燥时间为1h。
综上所述,本发明所述的高温耐火砖,不仅具有较好的热稳定性、机械强度和耐磨性,还具有较好的抗震性,大大延长了耐火砖的使用寿命,具有较好的应用前景。此外,所述的高温耐火砖的制备方法简单、操作方便,工艺条件温和,适合工业化推广生产。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (8)
1.一种高温耐火砖,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的各组分:菱镁矿35~46份、石英粉6~13份、高铝矾土熟料12~18份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土9~17份、硅酸钙水泥5~15份、氧化铝8~16份、硅藻土3~9份、玻璃废渣7~15份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料6~15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述菱镁矿40份、石英粉10份、高铝矾土熟料16份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土15份、硅酸钙水泥12份、氧化铝13份、硅藻土7份、玻璃废渣12份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料9份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述菱镁矿38份、石英粉8份、高铝矾土熟料14份、高粘凹凸棒石粘土13份、硅酸钙水泥10份、氧化铝15份、硅藻土6份、玻璃废渣10份、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料12份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土为天然凹凸棒石粘土经提纯、活化后的产物。
5.一种制备如权利要求1~4任一项所述的高温耐火砖的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配比称取菱镁矿、石英粉、高铝矾土熟料、氧化铝,分别粉碎,并过50~100目筛,混合均匀,备用;
(2)按照配比分别称取聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料加入到混炼机中,混炼5~10min,然后向混炼机中加入配比量的玻璃废渣,混炼10~15min,然后再加入步骤(1)得到的混合物,继续混炼10~15min,再向混合物中加入配比量的硅酸盐水泥、高粘凹凸棒石粘土和硅藻土,混炼5~10min,得到混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合物置于压砖机中压制成型,其中压砖机压力为450~520T,制得砖坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制备得到的砖坯置于烘干机中烘干,然后再于400~550℃条件下高温烧结1~2h,再升温至1300~1400℃条件下烧结2~3h,得到所述高温耐火砖。
6.根据权利要求5所述的高温耐火砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中混炼温度为200~230℃。
7.根据权利要求5所述的高温耐火砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中加入的高粘凹凸棒石粘土的制备方法包括如下步骤:
取天然凹凸棒石粘土进行粉碎并过200目筛,加水,搅拌形成悬浮泥浆,取上层悬浊液于3000转/min的离心机中离心处理5~10min,真空抽滤;将滤饼烘干,然后置于马弗炉中以20℃/min的速度程序升温至900℃~1000℃,然后恒温焙烧4~6h,自然冷却,即得所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
8.根据权利要求5所述的高温耐火砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中干燥温度为130~150℃,干燥时间为1~2h。
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