CN108482394A - Wheel axle for inhibiting snake-shaped vibration of train - Google Patents

Wheel axle for inhibiting snake-shaped vibration of train Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108482394A
CN108482394A CN201810012701.5A CN201810012701A CN108482394A CN 108482394 A CN108482394 A CN 108482394A CN 201810012701 A CN201810012701 A CN 201810012701A CN 108482394 A CN108482394 A CN 108482394A
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China
Prior art keywords
axletree
flywheel
wheel
momentum
inhibiting
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CN201810012701.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹共民
曹民
曹一民
曹解民
曹海燕
曹拓欣
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201810012701.5A priority Critical patent/CN108482394A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61CLOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C9/00Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a wheel axle for inhibiting the snake-shaped vibration of a train, which is characterized in that a flywheel is fixedly arranged on the wheel axle, the flywheel is a homogeneous rigid body with a regular shape, the weight of the flywheel is greater than that of the wheel axle, the flywheel is positioned between two wheels and keeps bilateral symmetry with the center line of the wheel axle, the bilateral symmetry comprises position symmetry, shape symmetry and weight symmetry, and the capacity of inhibiting the snake-shaped motion of the wheel axle is synchronously changed along with the strength change of the snake-shaped motion. The wheel shaft includes: the wheel comprises a wide single-flywheel type wheel shaft, a double-flywheel type wheel shaft, a full-axle flywheel type wheel shaft, a wheel-hung full-axle flywheel type wheel shaft, a rim flywheel type wheel shaft and an integrated wheel type wheel shaft. The invention realizes the control of the snakelike vibration generating source, realizes the dynamic control, can simultaneously improve the running speed of a straight line and a curve of a train, and is suitable for freight trains and light rail trains without power devices on a bogie.

Description

A kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train
Technical field
The present invention relates to the railway traffic equipment of railway class and the fields of operation, more particularly to the axletree equipment of train.
Background technology
The snakelike vibrations of train are also known as serpentine curve movement abbreviation serpentine locomotion, are train operations in railroad track straight line The self-discipline horizontal cross that section is occurred by wheel tread shakes and causes, and the more fast snakelike vibrations of speed are more violent, face more than snakelike Accident will occur for boundary's speed.The present invention proposes a kind of decrease for the goods train and light rail train of the unpowered device of bogie Snakelike vibrations scheme.
The existing snakelike vibrating method of inhibition is that the inclined-plane hook of optimization wheel tread is matched, but has arrived the limit;Other main methods It is dual anti-snakelike damper, but this method is only controlled bogie, affects indirectly vehicle because being static mechanical mode Wheel, is not controlled serpentine locomotion occurring source, so effect is limited, when train high-speed cruising, snakelike shake still is sent out It is raw.The present invention recognizes that serpentine locomotion is a kind of dynamic phenomenon from new viewpoint, and serpentine locomotion is also zero when speed is zero, snakelike fortune Dynamic increase with speed and increase, therefore, the present invention builds a kind of new Dynamic Theory to design a kind of inhibition based on dynamic Ability synchronizes the solution of variation with serpentine locomotion.
Although the snakelike vibrations occurring source of train is wheel tread, because being rigidly fixed with it, connect is entire wheel Axis is as shown in Figure 1, snakelike seismism shows entire axletree, so the present invention is using axletree as occurring source, to inhibit The serpentine locomotion of axletree, which reaches, inhibits the snakelike vibrations of train.
Factor that there are mainly three types of the main influence serpentine locomotion powers of analysis:Construction, the train running speed of wheel tread With axletree momentum direction;Wherein the third momentum factor is not realized or is ignored so far.
When train is under the specified conditions that railroad track line interval is run, the kinetic energy that axletree has can resist its state Variation, that is, resist the change of the size and Orientation of its momentum, and the size of momentum represents the size of the ability of its resistance state variation; Axletree is influenced by two kinds of momentum, and one is the movement momentum of rectilinear direction, another kind is the movement momentum of oblique line directions.Tiltedly The generation source of line movement momentum be when transverse vibration forces put aside increase and wheel occurs move lateral out when, because of left and right wheels inclined-plane The circumference of contact in orbit is different and makes the speed of left and right wheels that difference occur, keep axletree sideling preceding and then oblique line is presented Move momentum;The mechanical periodicity of diagonal movement shows as serpentine curve movement, as shown in Figure 2.So the conjunction of both momentum is dynamic The direction of amount determines that the direction of advance of axletree, the mechanical periodicity of the ratio of both momentum determine the serpentine locomotion shape of axletree State.Diagonal movement momentum is also known as curvilinear motion momentum.It follows that changing the ratio of both momentum, thus it is possible to vary wheel The axis direction of motion;The ratio of curvilinear motion momentum can be reduced by increasing linear motion momentum, weaken serpentine locomotion state.Namely It is to increase linear motion momentum to inhibit the variation of the axletree direction of motion, inhibits snakelike vibrations.
Based on principles above, this programme premised on not changing the basic function of axletree, with change axletree momentum and The size and Orientation of gravity to reduce the fluctuation of the axletree direction of motion and reduces wheel transverse direction external shift quantity for main implementation means, Inhibit axletree serpentine locomotion to reach.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train, it is characterised in that:It is arranged on the axletree It is fixed with flywheel, the flywheel is the homogeneous rigid body of regular shape, and the weight of the flywheel is more than the weight of axletree, described to fly Wheel is to be located at two wheels(1)Between and with wheel axis of spindle(5)Keep symmetrical, described includes symmetrically positional symmetry, shape Shape is symmetrical, weight is symmetrical.Axletree with the technical characteristic includes:Flywheel on axletree is the width of expanded letter single flywheel 6 The wheeled axletree of body solo flight constructs, and the flywheel on axletree is the wheeled axletree construction of round trip flight of free wheels 8, is flown on axletree Wheel is that the holoaxial flywheel-type axletree of holoaxial flywheel 9 constructs, and the flywheel on axletree is that the wheel of wheel extension holoaxial flywheel 10 hangs holoaxial Flywheel-type axletree constructs, and the flywheel on axletree is that the wheel rim flywheel-type axletree of wheel rim flywheel 11 constructs, on axletree Flywheel is the integrated wheel formula axletree construction of integrated wheel 12.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.
1. momentum inhibition:Quantitative expression mode as shown in Figure 9 is transported when doubling and increasing by two times of flywheel straight lines When dynamic momentum, the total amount increase of the momentum of linear motion is(P2+2*P3)>(P2+P3)>(P2)So that linear motion is dynamic The conjunction momentum increase of amount and diagonal movement momentum is P6 > P5 > P4, and the ratio of the diagonal movement momentum in the conjunction momentum reduces, The result is that it is θ < β < α to close the direction of momentum and the angle reduction of rectilinear direction, that is, the deflection angle for closing momentum reduces, the result is that Serpentine locomotion deflection angle reduces, and serpentine locomotion weakens.Fig. 9 also shows that the bigger linear motion conjunction momentum of flywheel weight is bigger, directly Line movement prime move is bigger, inhibits serpentine locomotion effect more notable.
2. dynamic effect:Linear motion momentum is accelerated and increased characteristic is applied to inhibit serpentine locomotion with speed Ability changes with serpentine locomotion power and synchronizes variation, shows as the dynamic effect of rejection ability.
3. gravity stablizing effect:As shown in Figure 10, the oblique tread of wheel generates sliding force F2, the side of sliding force F2 in orbit To the inside for being directed toward rail, the angle γ of sliding force F2 and transverse vibration forces F3 is more than 90 °;Axletree gravity F1 and flywheel gravity The direction of F4 is also all directed on the inside of rail, and flywheel gravity F4 increases sliding force.When transverse vibration forces F3 savings increases and lures When wheel of dispatching a car moves lateral out, it can be resisted by wheel sliding force F2, and flywheel gravity F4 is just being the increase in this resistance.Again There are the sliding force F2 of left and right wheels and track that a cleat shape is collectively formed, and the flywheel gravity F4 being pressed on axletree can increase Strong chock stabilizes effect, can resist transverse vibration forces F3, reduces wheel transverse direction external shift quantity and reaches inhibition serpentine locomotion.
4. advantage dominant effect:Because the flywheel weight that the present invention designs is more than axletree weight, increased straight line Kinetic momentum is more than axletree momentum, and increased gravity is more than axletree gravity, and can play advantage leading role.
5. bend speedup effect:In bend, train needs are pushed the speed to increase the wheel that centrifugal force will increase weight It is thrown outside axis, this is also beneficial to train high speed and passes through bend.
6. resistance to vertical vibrating effect:The gravity of flywheel on axletree is conducive to resist vibration force perpendicular to the ground, makes It must walk more stable.
The resultant effect of said effect makes the present invention can realize to inhibit axletree serpentine locomotion and reach and inhibit train snake Shape vibrations purpose, can improve train straight line and bend operation limitation velocity.
The suppressing method of the present invention is a kind of new method, and the essential distinction and major advance between existing method are:
1. control mode is different:Existing method is mechanical control method, and this method is restricted based on the mechanics of momentum and gravity Mode;
2. control model is different:Existing method is fixed mode, and this method is dynamic mode;
3. control object is different:Existing method is control bogie, and this method is directly controlled to occurring source axletree;
4. control ability is different:Existing method control ability is constant, and the variation synchronous with serpentine locomotion of this method control ability.
Further more, usually concept thinks that flywheel is a kind of mechanical device for storing rotation function in rotary motion, use Flywheel rotation function controls the fluctuation of rotating speed, and the present invention is to resist momentum direction with the straight ahead motion energy of flywheel to become Change to control the fluctuation of direction of advance, the two has the difference of matter, but assigns flywheel new function.
The craftsmenship of the present invention is the momentum for flywheel being installed on serpentine locomotion occurring source, and it is utilized to generate and gravity Dual implantation restricts the direction change of itself.Cost effectiveness is extremely low, and does not conflict with existing method, can be used in combination.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the axletree schematic diagram of existing unpowered device;
Fig. 2 is serpentine locomotion schematic diagram of the axletree in railroad track line interval of existing unpowered device;
Fig. 3 is the wheeled axletree schematic diagram of expanded letter solo flight;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view along flywheel center line, and the flywheel includes expanded letter single flywheel, free wheels, holoaxial flywheel, wheel rim flywheel, Integrated wheel;
Fig. 5 is the wheeled axletree schematic diagram of round trip flight;
Fig. 6 is holoaxial flywheel-type axletree schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that wheel hangs holoaxial flywheel-type axletree schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the sectional view along axis of spindle that wheel hangs holoaxial flywheel;
Fig. 9 is wheel rim flywheel-type axletree schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is integrated wheel formula axletree schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is the parallel of the conjunction momentum of move along a straight line momentum, curvilinear motion momentum and the two under the conditions of certain speed Quadrilateral rule indicates, and linear motion momentum and the schematic diagram for closing the angle between momentum;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram for the cleat shape that sliding force, transverse vibration forces, gravity and wheel sliding force and track are formed;
Figure 13 is the linear motion schematic diagram of the wheeled axletree of expanded letter solo flight.
In figure:1 wheel, 2 treads, 3 wheel rims, 4 axis, 5 wheel axis of spindles, 6 expanded letter single flywheels, 7 flywheel width center lines, 8 pairs Flywheel, 9 holoaxial flywheels, 10 wheel extension holoaxial flywheels, 11 wheel rim flywheels, 12 integrated wheels, 13 railroad tracks, 14 axletrees are snakelike Between curve movement, 15 axletree linear movement directions, 16 flywheel linear movement directions, L flywheels center line and wheel axis of spindle Distance, distance between the distance between distance and its flywheel width, N wheel rims flywheel and wheel axis of spindle, H wheels between M wheel rims, P1 curvilinear motions momentum, P2 axletrees linear motion momentum, P3 flywheels linear motion momentum, the conjunction of P4 momentum P2 and momentum P1 are dynamic Amount, P5 momentum P2 add momentum P3 momentum and with conjunctions momentum, the P6 momentum P2 of momentum P1 add 2 times of momentum P3 momentum and with move Measure the conjunction momentum of P1, α momentum P2 adds momentum P3 with angle, the β momentum P2 for closing momentum P4 and closes angle, the θ momentum P2 of momentum P5 Add 2 times of momentum P3 and closes the angle of momentum P6, angle, F1 axletrees gravity and the side of γ transverse vibration forces F3 and sliding force F2 To, F2 sliding forces and direction, F3 transverse vibration forces and direction, F4 flywheels gravity and direction.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is the load-bearing property difference according to goods train with the axletree of light rail train and setting fixation is not same The flywheel of formula is described as follows several embodiments below in conjunction with attached drawing.
The wheeled axletree of expanded letter solo flight as shown in Figure 3, construction are that there are one expanded letters in the installation of the middle position of axis 4 The axletree of single flywheel 6;Expanded letter single flywheel 6 is the homogeneous hollow cylinder body of regular shape, and weight is more than axletree weight, set It in 4 periphery of axis, and is fixed on axis 4, axis 4 is the supporting body of flywheel;The width center line 7 of expanded letter single flywheel 6 and wheel axis of spindle 5 It is overlapped, and keep symmetrical with wheel axis of spindle 5, including positional symmetry, symmetrical shape, weight are symmetrical.
The wheeled axletree of round trip flight as shown in Figure 5, construction be equipped on axis 4 between two wheels it is identical by two The axletree of the free wheels 8 of the flywheel of form factor and equal weight;Free wheels 8 are that the homogeneous of two regular shapes is hollow Cylinder, weight summation are more than axletree weight, are sleeved on 4 periphery of axis, and be fixed on axis 4, axis 4 is the supporting body of flywheel; Flywheel width center line 7 keeps equidistance L with wheel axis of spindle 5, and keeps symmetrical with wheel axis of spindle 5, including position It is symmetrical to set symmetrical, symmetrical shape, weight.
Holoaxial flywheel-type axletree as shown in FIG. 6, construction are that there are one holoaxials for installation on axis 4 between two wheels The axletree of flywheel 9;Holoaxial flywheel 9 is the homogeneous hollow cylinder body of regular shape, and weight is more than axletree weight, width M Distance M is equal between wheel rim, covers whole axial planes between two wheels, is sleeved on 4 periphery of axis, and axis 4 is the supporting body of flywheel,; The width center line 7 and wheel axis of spindle 5 of holoaxial flywheel 9 are overlapped, and keep symmetrical with wheel axis of spindle 5, including Positional symmetry, symmetrical shape, weight are symmetrical.
Wheel as shown in Figure 7 hangs holoaxial flywheel-type axletree, and it is that there are one wheels to hang entirely for installation between two wheels to construct The axletree of axis flywheel 10;Wheel hangs the homogeneous hollow cylinder body that holoaxial flywheel 10 is regular shape, and weight is more than axletree weight Amount, distance M is equal between width M and wheel rim, covers whole axial planes between two wheels, and the outer circle that interior circular diameter is more than axis 4 is straight Diameter is parallelly sleeved on 4 periphery of axis, is not contacted with axis 4 to mitigate the load-bearing of axis, both ends are fixed on the wheel rim 3 of wheel, wheel 1 It is the supporting body of flywheel;Holoaxial penetrate through flywheel 10 width center line 7 and wheel axis of spindle 5 it is overlapped, and in axletree Line 5 keeps symmetrical, including positional symmetry, symmetrical shape, weight are symmetrical.
Wheel rim flywheel-type axletree as shown in Figure 9, construction is that have flywheel and the integrated wheel of wheel rim on axletree The axletree of edge flywheel 11;Two wheel rim flywheels 11 are under the precondition that distance H is constant between keeping left and right wheels, will be left The wheel rim of right wheel increases equal thickness to 5 direction of wheel axis of spindle, increased caliper portion as flywheel, realize flywheel and Wheel rim integration, makes wheel rim newly increase flywheel functions and have dual function;Because left and right wheel rim maintains original shape, only Increase equal thickness, that is, is the increase in equal weight, it is former that increased two wheel rim flywheels, 11 weight summation is more than axletree There is weight;Two wheel rim flywheels 11 keep equidistance N, and the width center line 7 and vehicle of wheel rim flywheel 11 with wheel axis of spindle 5 Wheel axis of spindle 5 keeps symmetrical, including positional symmetry, symmetrical shape, weight are symmetrical.
Integrated wheel formula axletree as shown in Figure 10, construction are what the left and right wheels on axletree were integrated The axletree of integrated wheel 12;Integrated wheel 12 is incited somebody to action under the precondition that distance H is constant between keeping left and right wheels The wheel rim of left and right wheels is linked together, and increased rim section realizes flywheel and wheel rim integration, also realize left and right as flywheel Wheel integration, makes wheel rim newly increase flywheel functions and have dual function;Integrated wheel 12 is sleeved on axis 4, is increased Weight directly share in two wheels to mitigate the load-bearing of axis, wheel 1 is supporting body;The weight summation for increasing part is more than vehicle The original weight of wheel shaft;The width center line 7 of integrated wheel 12 keeps symmetrical with wheel axis of spindle 5, including positional symmetry, Symmetrical shape, weight are symmetrical.
In conjunction with several embodiments described above, for function, correlation and operation principle possessed by jointly constructs It is described as follows.
The above embodiment does not change the original basic function of axletree, and it is total to increase axletree to secure flywheel for only installation Weight.When train is in linear running, flywheel has while rotation centered on by axis also with axletree straight ahead Move along a straight line kinetic energy, and generates linear motion momentum, which, which has, resists the property that its momentum changes.The vector property body of momentum It can also be resisted when serpentine locomotion will change wheel axis direction now and keep straight ahead, the linear motion momentum of flywheel The bigger ability for representing resistance serpentine locomotion is stronger.It expresses in a quantitative manner then as shown in figure 11:Flywheel increases linear motion The total amount of momentum relatively reduces the ratio of diagonal movement momentum so that the conjunction momentum of the two reduces magnitude of inclination, that is, moves Direction reduces deflection.
It is dynamic that flywheel weight is more than the axletree that axletree weight so that flywheel linear motion momentum is more than generation serpentine locomotion Amount, makes the linear motion momentum having the advantage remain the resistivity of advantage, straight ahead trend is made to dominate axletree side To.
The feature that linear motion momentum only occurs in train straight running condition makes the ability that it inhibits serpentine locomotion With behavioral characteristics.Since serpentine locomotion and linear motion momentum are changed with the variation of speed, when serpentine locomotion is with speed When degree increases, linear motion momentum also increases with speed, that is, inhibits the ability of serpentine locomotion also to increase with speed, show as inhibiting Ability is synchronous variation with serpentine locomotion.
Equally, flywheel gravity is more than axletree gravity, and wheel sliding force and chock stabilizing effect is made to have the advantage and keep Fully resist the ability that wheel moves lateral out.
The flywheel is all designed between two wheels and keeps symmetrical with wheel axis of spindle, and determines Include that positional symmetry, symmetrical shape, weight are symmetrical, therefore can realize that symmetrical torque, momentum symmetrical, gravity are symmetrical, as a result flies Wheel momentum and gravity are assigned in axletree in which can be balanced, and keep two wheel stress equal, two wheels is finally made to have phase Deng resistivity realize reduce serpentine curve lateral inclination to weaken the amplitude of fluctuation of serpentine locomotion.
It should be noted here that example the above is only the implementation of the present invention, is not intended to limit this patent range, this field Those of ordinary skill without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, improvement can also be made, as long as be using the present invention Equivalent structure transformation made by specification and accompanying drawing content, is similarly included in other related technical fields, together Reason is included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train, it is characterised in that:Setting is fixed with flywheel on the axletree, institute The homogeneous rigid body that flywheel is regular shape is stated, the weight of the flywheel is more than the weight of axletree, and the flywheel is to be located at two vehicles Wheel(1)Between and with wheel axis of spindle(5)Keep symmetrical, described includes symmetrically positional symmetry, symmetrical shape, weight pair Claim.
2. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fly on axletree Wheel is expanded letter single flywheel(6)Expanded letter solo flight wheeled axletree construction.
3. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fly on axletree Wheel is free wheels(8)Round trip flight wheeled axletree construction.
4. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fly on axletree Wheel is holoaxial flywheel(9)Holoaxial flywheel-type axletree construction.
5. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fly on axletree Wheel is that wheel hangs holoaxial flywheel(10)Wheel hang holoaxial flywheel-type axletree construction.
6. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fly on axletree Wheel is wheel rim flywheel(11)Wheel rim flywheel-type axletree construction.
7. a kind of axletree inhibiting the snakelike vibrations of train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fly on axletree Wheel is integrated wheel(12)Integrated wheel formula axletree construction.
CN201810012701.5A 2018-01-06 2018-01-06 Wheel axle for inhibiting snake-shaped vibration of train Pending CN108482394A (en)

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CN201810012701.5A CN108482394A (en) 2018-01-06 2018-01-06 Wheel axle for inhibiting snake-shaped vibration of train

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CN201810012701.5A CN108482394A (en) 2018-01-06 2018-01-06 Wheel axle for inhibiting snake-shaped vibration of train

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110543107A (en) * 2019-09-18 2019-12-06 西南交通大学 High-speed train simulation platform

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010007806A1 (en) * 2000-01-04 2001-07-12 Hogan Philip A. Gravity-powered toy vehicle with dynamic motion realism
CN107521288A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-12-29 广州市欧伊若科技有限公司 A kind of mine tramcar wheel pedestal

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010007806A1 (en) * 2000-01-04 2001-07-12 Hogan Philip A. Gravity-powered toy vehicle with dynamic motion realism
CN107521288A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-12-29 广州市欧伊若科技有限公司 A kind of mine tramcar wheel pedestal

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110543107A (en) * 2019-09-18 2019-12-06 西南交通大学 High-speed train simulation platform

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Application publication date: 20180904