CN108481737A - The extrusion device of 3D printer - Google Patents
The extrusion device of 3D printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108481737A CN108481737A CN201810407488.8A CN201810407488A CN108481737A CN 108481737 A CN108481737 A CN 108481737A CN 201810407488 A CN201810407488 A CN 201810407488A CN 108481737 A CN108481737 A CN 108481737A
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- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- screw
- hopper
- heating
- heating collar
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000984642 Cura Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000174 L-prolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
- B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extrusion devices of 3D printer, it include mainly feeding equipment, barrel, screw arbor assembly, nozzle, heating device and transmission device, the discharge port of feeding equipment and the feeding mouth of barrel connect vertically, the another port of barrel is connect with nozzle, transmission device is connect with screw arbor assembly drives screw arbor assembly rotation, the screw arbor assembly is located in barrel, screw arbor assembly includes screw rod, spreader and screw head, heating device is provided with outside barrel to heat barrel, the position of heating device is corresponding with the melt zone of screw rod and homogenizing zone, insulating layer is also socketed with outside heating device.Structure of the invention is ingenious, and particle or powdered macromolecule raw material are not only used directly for 3D printing, but also raw material can be adequately plasticized；Without the wire rod by processing of high molecular material at uniform diameter, reduce the one-step hot moulding of raw material, increases stock utilization, reduce the production cost of printing consumables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique apparatus field more particularly to a kind of extrusion devices of 3D printer.
Background technology
3D printing technique is also known as increases material manufacturing technology, and forming process is first to use NX, Pro/E, SoliWorks, 3DMAX
Equal 3 d modeling softwares carry out three-dimensional modeling, then with STL formats export to cura hierarchicals to the product that needs print
In software, delamination software is recycled to be layered model, while the parameters such as floor height, angle of deposit, temperature are set, and generate
GCODE files are finally imported into 3D printer by GCODE files, and machine reads file automatically, and material is carried out layer stackup
It is added on workbench, finally prints entire product；Forming technique includes mainly：Fused glass pellet（FDM）, photocuring it is fast
Rapid-result type（SLA）, selective laser sintering and moulding（SLS）, layer separated growth（LOM）, 3 D-printing manufacture（3DP）Etc. works
Skill.3D printing technique can complete the manufacture of complex parts, shorten the research and development time, produce traditional processing mode and be difficult to
Product, have huge development prospect in fields such as medical instrument, auto industry, research and teaching, aerospaces, be known as
The mark of the industrial revolution three times.
Description of materials at present for fusion sediment type 3D printing is less, and to the more demanding of material, and use is most wide
General printed material be polylactic acid and ABS, and soft material it is more difficult FDM printing in apply；It is both domestic and external heavy for melting
Material used by product type 3D printer is the wire rod of uniform diameter, and raw material is caused to have gone through before the printing once
Thermoforming causes the mechanical strength of high molecular material to be declined, and waste of energy, therefore designs a kind of printer extrusion device
It is highly desirable, has both reduced the production cost of printing consumables, while environmental protection and energy utilization rate height, and solve FDM printings
Limitation of the machine to wire rod.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of 3D printer extrusion device, it is not necessarily to processing of high molecular material
At the wire rod of uniform diameter, particle or powdered macromolecule raw material can be directly loadable into the extrusion device of 3D printer for beating
Print.
A kind of extrusion device of 3D printer of the present invention, including feeding equipment, barrel, screw arbor assembly, nozzle, heating dress
Set and transmission device, feeding equipment upper port is feeding mouth, and feeding equipment lower port is discharge port, the discharge port of feeding equipment with
The feeding mouth of barrel connects vertically, and the another port of barrel is connect with nozzle, and transmission device is connect with screw arbor assembly drives screw rod
Component rotates, and the screw arbor assembly is located in barrel, and screw arbor assembly includes screw rod, spreader and screw head, screw rod, spreader
It is sequentially connected with screw head, heating device is provided with outside barrel, barrel is heated, the position of heating device and the melting of screw rod
Section is corresponding with homogenizing zone, and insulating layer is also socketed with outside heating device.The material that extrusion device is added can be particle or powder
The macromolecule raw material of last shape, enter from feeding equipment in barrel, and screw rod rotates in barrel, and when rotation generates torque, will
Material conveys down vertically, and due to the presence of heating device and spiral shell rib shear heat, the plastics of glassy state are gradually plasticized, and at
It is squeezed out from nozzle finally under the guiding of screw head for molten state.
The feeding equipment includes hopper, hopper cover, stirring rod and connecting shaft；The transmission device includes stepping electricity
Machine, first shaft coupling and second shaft coupling；Hopper cover is provided on the hopper, hopper cover includes fixed part and movable part
Point, two parts of hopper cover are hinged by leaf of hinge, fixed part and the hopper hasp connection of hopper cover, stepper motor
Shell and the fixed part of hopper cover connect, and the fixed part that the shaft of stepper motor passes vertically through hopper cover extend into hopper
Interior, the shaft of stepper motor connects connecting shaft by first shaft coupling, and connecting shaft is connect with stirring rod, and second shaft coupling connection connects
Spindle and screw rod.It drives stirring rod to rotate indirectly by stepper motor, and then completes the batch mixing of raw material, while plastic grain will not
Hopper bottom end is got lodged in, arch formation occurs.
As further technological improvement, stirring rod is arranged on the second coupling spindle surface, and the stirring rod is stirred for arc
Mix stick, the plane where arc stirring rod and horizontal plane.Agitating function not only may be implemented using arc stirring rod, but also can be with
Avoid arch formation occur near the discharge port of hopper.
As further technological improvement, the " V "-shaped recess in tail portion of the nozzle is extend into barrel, with screw head
Shape match, have gap between nozzle and screw head, can further be homogenized material.
As further technological improvement, 3D extrusion devices further include radiator, and radiator is socketed in barrel appearance
The position in face, radiator is corresponding with the feeding section region of screw rod, and the radiator is metal sleeve, in metal sleeve
Outer surface is vertically installed with multiple sheet metals, is mutually parallel between sheet metal, there is certain space between sheet metal.It can accelerate
Heat dissipation, and the heat in barrel is effectively prevent to be further transferred at hopper, and arch formation is generated,
As further technological improvement, the heating device includes temperature sensor, temperature controller, heating collar and heat preservation
Layer；The heating collar includes the first heating collar and the second heating collar, and the outer surface of barrel is socketed with the first heating collar and second
Heating collar, the first heating collar is corresponding with the melt zone region of screw rod, and the second heating collar is corresponding with the homogenizing zone region of screw rod, barrel
Outer surface offer screw hole, temperature sensor is pressed into screw hole, is in close contact with barrel, temperature sensor and temperature controller
Electrical connection, the temperature sensor are at least arranged two, are respectively used to the first heating collar of detection, the second heating collar corresponds to barrel
The temperature in region is provided with insulating layer, material of the insulating layer uniform fold between heating collar and two heating collars outside heating collar
On cylinder.Temperature sensor is set and control to heating temperature may be implemented in temperature controller, setting insulating layer may prevent heat
Scattering and disappearing for amount, ensures heating effect.
As further technological improvement, crossbeam is provided between stepper motor and hopper cover, the shell and crossbeam of motor are solid
Fixed connection, the shaft of stepper motor sequentially pass through the fixed part of elongated cross member and hopper cover and extend into hopper from top to bottom
It is interior.Increase the forced area of hopper cover, reduces and be fed the damage that bucket cover also comes because of the setting of stepper motor.
As further technological improvement, the position close to lower port on hopper is provided with knob discharge valve.Work as 3D
When also having surplus material after printer is stopped, in hopper, discharge valve can be opened, clout is recycled, reduce waste.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：It can solve the problems, such as that printing wire rod limitation FDM3D printer both at home and abroad uses；Structure
It is ingenious, so that particle or powdered macromolecule raw material is fully plasticized and be directly used in 3D printing, reduces prepared by wire rod
The one-step hot moulding process of process and raw material, reduces the production cost of printing consumables, reduces the damage of the mechanical property of material
Consumption；Provided with insulating layer, the utilization rate of energy can be improved；Provided with radiator, it can ensure that device not will produce bridge formation
Phenomenon, it is green and environmentally friendly, while structure of the invention is succinct, easy to use, production cost is low, widens the application neck of printing technique
Domain disclosure satisfy that demand of the people to printed product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the extrusion device of 3D printer；
Fig. 2 is screw arbor assembly schematic diagram；
Stepper motor, 2- hopper covers, 3- stirring rod, 4- hoppers, the first temperature sensors of 51-, 52- second temperature sensors, 53-
Third temperature sensor, 6- radiators, 7- insulating layers, 8- screw heads, 9- barrels, 10- nozzles, 11- spreaders, 121- first
Heating collar, the second heating collars of 122-, 13- screw rods, 14- discharge valves, 15- connecting shafts, 16- first shaft couplings, 17- strips are horizontal
Beam, 18- second shaft couplings.
Specific implementation mode
In order to keep objects and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is carried out with reference to embodiments further detailed
Explanation.It should be appreciated that specific implementation case described herein be only used to explain the present invention, limit the present invention and this
Application of the invention on 3D printer.
The extrusion device for the 3D printer that case study on implementation of the present invention provides, including feeding equipment, barrel 9, screw arbor assembly, spray
First 10, heating device, transmission device and radiator 6, feeding equipment are connect vertically with the port of barrel 9, and feeding equipment goes out
Material mouth is connect with the feed inlet of barrel 9, and the feed inlet of barrel 9 is the upper port of barrel 9, and lower port and the nozzle 10 of barrel 9 connect
It connects, transmission device is connect with screw arbor assembly drives screw arbor assembly rotation, screw arbor assembly to be located in barrel 9, and screw arbor assembly includes spiral shell
Bar 13, spreader 11 and screw head 8, screw rod 13, spreader 11 and screw head 8 are sequentially connected, and heating dress is provided with outside barrel 9
It sets, insulating layer 7 is also socketed with outside heating device.The position close to lower port is provided with knob discharge valve on feeding equipment
14, when also having surplus material after 3D printer is stopped, in feeding equipment, discharge valve 14 can be opened, clout is returned
It receives, reduces waste.
As shown in Figure 1, feeding equipment includes hopper 4, hopper cover 2, stirring rod 3, connecting shaft and rectangle crossbeam；Transmission dress
It sets including stepper motor 1, first shaft coupling 16 and second shaft coupling 18, hopper 4 is up big and down small funnel shaped, on hopper 4
It is provided with hopper cover 2, hopper cover 2 is made of fixed part and movable part, and two parts of hopper cover 2 are hinged by leaf of hinge
It connects, fixed part and 4 hasp connection of hopper of hopper cover 2 when needing to feed intake, can open the movable part of hopper cover 2
3D printing material is put into hopper 4, particle or powdered high molecular material can be selected in 3D printing material；The fixation of hopper cover 2
It is provided with elongated cross member 17 on part, stepper motor 1, the fixed part and elongated cross member of hopper cover 2 are fixed on crossbeam
Through-hole is offered on 17, the shaft of stepper motor 1 is passed through from through-hole, and the shaft of stepper motor 1 sequentially passes through length from top to bottom
Bar-shaped beam 17 and the fixed part of hopper cover 2 are simultaneously extend into hopper 4, and the shaft of stepper motor 1 passes through first shaft coupling 16
Connecting shaft 15 is connected, the other end of connecting shaft 15 is connected with second shaft coupling 18, the outer surface fixed setting of second shaft coupling 18
There are arc stirring rod 3, the plane where arc stirring rod 3 and horizontal plane.Arc stirring rod 3 may also be arranged on connecting shaft 15
On.
Particle or powdered macromolecule material are added from hopper 4, drive stirring rod 3 to rotate indirectly by stepper motor 1,
And then the batch mixing of raw material is completed, while plastic grain will not get lodged in 4 bottom end of hopper, arch formation occur, and then realize uniform
It is fed to barrel 9.
The feed inlet of barrel 9 is docked with the discharge port of 4 lower end of hopper, and the feed inlet of barrel 9 and the discharge port of hopper 4 can be with
It is welded together, screw arbor assembly is located in barrel 9, as shown in Fig. 2, screw arbor assembly includes screw rod 13, spreader 11 and screw head
8, screw rod 13, spreader 11 and screw head 8 are sequentially connected, and the other end of screw rod 13 is connected by second shaft coupling 18 and connecting rod
It connects, it is peg type spreader 11 that, which there are spiral shell rib, spreader 11 in the surface of screw rod 13, and screw head 8 is tapered, the lower end muzzle of barrel 9
It is connected to nozzle 10, the " V "-shaped recess in tail portion of nozzle 10 extend into barrel 9, matched with the shape of screw head 8, nozzle
It is circular orifices to have gap, 10 discharge port of nozzle between 10 and screw head 8.
Screw rod 13 is plasticizing, conveys the essential elements of material, according to three kind physical states of the material in extrusion device
Change procedure and job requirement to 13 each position of screw rod, screw rod 13 is usually divided into feeding section, also known as solid conveying section；
Melt zone, also known as compression section；Homogenizing zone, also known as metering section.It is connected with spreader between screw head 8 and the homogenizing zone of screw rod 13
11, the material particles not being plasticized can be adequately plasticized by spreader 11, ensure that plastics are completely in molten state.
Radiator 6 is metal sleeve, is socketed in the surface of barrel 9, and the region that barrel 9 is socketed radiator 6 is barrel 9
Radiating area, be vertically installed with multiple sheet metals in metal sleeve outer surface, be mutually parallel between sheet metal, have between sheet metal
Certain space, convenient for heat dissipation, the position of radiator 6 is corresponding with the feeding section region of screw rod 13, in feeding section region
Material radiates, and the heat that can be effectively prevented in barrel 9 is further transferred in hopper 4, and generates arch formation.
Heating device includes temperature sensor, temperature controller, heating collar and insulating layer 7；The outer surface of barrel 9 offers
Screw hole, temperature sensor are pressed into screw hole, are in close contact with barrel 9, and temperature sensor is electrically connected with temperature controller, and temperature passes
Sensor includes the first temperature sensor 51, second temperature sensor 52 and third temperature sensor 53, the first temperature sensor 51
The region at place is corresponding with 6 region of radiator, the state of temperature for detecting and reflecting radiating area barrel 9, barrel 9
Outer surface is socketed with the first heating collar 121 and the second heating collar 122, is the first heating zone and the second heating zone of barrel 9 respectively,
First heating zone of barrel 9 is corresponding with the melt zone region of screw rod 13, the second heating zone of barrel 9 and the homogenizing zone area of screw rod 13
Domain corresponds to, and the region where second temperature sensor 52 is corresponding with 121 region of the first heating collar, for detecting and reflecting material
The state of temperature of 9 first heating zones of cylinder, the region where third temperature sensor 53 and 122 region pair of the second heating collar
It answers, the state of temperature for detecting and reflecting 9 second heating zone of barrel.Heating generally has resistance heating and inductive heating, inductance
Heating effect is good, but of high cost, and resistance heating is selected in present embodiment, and the heating collar used is resistance heating circle.It is heating
Circle is outer to be provided with insulating layer 7, and for insulating layer 7 with uniform fold on heating collar and barrel 9, the region that insulating layer 7 covers corresponds to spiral shell
Insulating layer 7 is arranged outside heating collar, can greatly reduce the consume of energy for the melt zone of bar 13 and homogenizing zone region, right
Operating personnel are also safer.
The material that extrusion device is added can be particle or powdered macromolecule raw material, and barrel 9 is entered from hopper 4
In, screw rod 13 generates torque in the interior rotation of barrel 9, rotation, and material is conveyed down vertically, material is made to be under pressure and obtain
Heat is socketed with radiator 6 outside the feeding section of screw rod 13, barrel 9, can accelerate to radiate, and effectively prevent in barrel 9
Heat is further transferred in hopper 4, and generates arch formation, and material is in melt zone and homogenizing zone, due to heating collar and spiral shell
The plastics of the presence of rib shear heat, glassy state are gradually plasticized, and become molten state, later, in the high shear of spreader 11
Under, the high molecular material not being plasticized is adequately plasticized, and finally under the guiding of screw head 8, is squeezed out from nozzle 10.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer, it is characterised in that：Including feeding equipment, barrel（9）, screw arbor assembly, nozzle
（10）, heating device and transmission device, feeding equipment upper port is feeding mouth, and feeding equipment lower port is discharge port, charging dress
The discharge port and barrel set（9）Feeding mouth connect vertically, barrel（9）Another port and nozzle（10）Connection, transmission device
It is connect with screw arbor assembly, screw arbor assembly rotation, the screw arbor assembly is driven to be located at barrel（9）Interior, screw arbor assembly includes screw rod
(13), spreader（11）And screw head（8）, screw rod (13), spreader（11）And screw head（8）It is sequentially connected, in barrel（9）Outside
Heating device is provided with to barrel（9）Heating, the position of heating device is corresponding with the melt zone of screw rod (13) and homogenizing zone,
It is also socketed with insulating layer outside heating device（7）.
2. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The feeding equipment includes
Hopper（4）, hopper cover（2）, stirring rod（3）And connecting shaft（15）；The transmission device includes stepper motor（1）, first
Axis device（16）And second shaft coupling（18）；
The hopper（4）On be provided with hopper cover（2）, hopper cover（2）Including fixed part and movable part, hopper cover（2）
Two parts be hinged by leaf of hinge, hopper cover（2）Fixed part and hopper（4）Hasp connection, stepper motor（1）'s
Shell and hopper cover（2）Fixed part connection, stepper motor（1）Shaft pass vertically through hopper cover（2）Fixed part stretch
Enter to hopper（4）It is interior, stepper motor（1）Shaft pass through first shaft coupling（16）Connect connecting shaft（15）, connecting shaft（15）With
Stirring rod（3）Connection, second shaft coupling（18）Connect connecting shaft（15）With screw rod (13).
3. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Stirring rod（3）Setting is the
Two coupling spindle surfaces, the stirring rod（3）For arc stirring rod, the plane where arc stirring rod and horizontal plane.
4. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The nozzle（10）Tail portion
" V "-shaped recess extend into barrel（9）In, with screw head（8）Shape match, nozzle（10）With screw head（8）Between have
Gap.
5. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It further include radiator（6）,
Radiator（6）It is socketed in barrel（9）Outer surface, radiator（6）Position and screw rod（13）Feeding section region it is corresponding,
The radiator（6）For metal sleeve, it is vertically installed with multiple sheet metals in metal sleeve outer surface, phase between sheet metal
It is mutually parallel, there is certain space between sheet metal.
6. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heating device includes
Temperature sensor, temperature controller, heating collar and insulating layer（7）；The heating collar includes the first heating collar（121）With second
Heating collar（122）, barrel（9）Outer surface be socketed with the first heating collar（121）With the second heating collar（122）, the first heating collar
（121）With screw rod（13）Melt zone region correspond to, the second heating collar (122) and screw rod（13）Homogenizing zone region correspond to, material
Cylinder（9）Outer surface offer screw hole, temperature sensor is pressed into screw hole, with barrel（9）It is in close contact, temperature sensor and temperature
Controller electrical connection is spent, the temperature sensor is at least arranged two, is respectively used to the first heating collar of detection (121), second
Heating collar (122) corresponds to barrel（9）The temperature in region, is provided with insulating layer outside heating collar（7）, insulating layer（7）Uniform fold
On barrel on heating collar and between heating collar.
7. a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Stepper motor（1）And hopper
Lid（2）Between be provided with crossbeam, the shell of motor is fixedly connected with crossbeam, stepper motor（1）Shaft sequentially pass through from top to bottom
Elongated cross member（17）And hopper cover（2）Fixed part and extend into hopper（4）It is interior.
8. according to a kind of extrusion device of 3D printer of claim 2 to 7 any one of them, it is characterised in that：On hopper
The position of discharge port is provided with discharge valve（14）.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN109732899A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-10 | 青岛五维智造科技有限公司 | Polymer matrix composite high-resolution 3D printing device and its working method |
| CN110014643A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-16 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of more material gradient shaping molten extrusion systems for 3D printing |
| CN110039766A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-23 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of mixed powder feeding spray nozzle device of fused glass pellet 3D printer |
| CN111300827A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-19 | 中北大学 | 3D printing apparatus based on shear thinning characteristic gel |
| CN112026167A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-04 | 东北师范大学人文学院 | A3D prints shower nozzle for printing clothing |
| CN114083793A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Extrusion mechanism and 3D printer |
| CN114248443A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-29 | 康硕(德阳)智能制造有限公司 | High-efficient 3D printing device based on 3D printing material characteristic |
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| CN112026167A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-04 | 东北师范大学人文学院 | A3D prints shower nozzle for printing clothing |
| CN112026167B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-03-22 | 东北师范大学人文学院 | A3D prints shower nozzle for printing clothing |
| CN114083793A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Extrusion mechanism and 3D printer |
| CN114083793B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2024-05-17 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Extrusion mechanism and 3D printer |
| CN114248443A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-29 | 康硕(德阳)智能制造有限公司 | High-efficient 3D printing device based on 3D printing material characteristic |
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Application publication date: 20180904 |