CN108466422B

CN108466422B - Working method of three-dimensional printer

Info

Publication number: CN108466422B
Application number: CN201810232957.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏健强
Original assignee: Print Rite Unicorn Image Products Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Tianwei Additives Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-04-17
Filing date: 2015-04-17
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2035-04-17
Also published as: CN108466422A; CN104827665B; WO2016165619A1; CN104827665A

Abstract

The invention provides a working method of a three-dimensional printer, wherein a working platform of the printer sequentially comprises a heating layer, a glass layer and a film layer, and the method for preparing the film layer comprises the following steps: preparing a coating, spraying the coating on a glass layer, and baking to obtain a film layer; the printing method includes the steps of: when the molten material is contacted with the film layer, the molten material in a high-temperature state can promote the film layer to be converted from a solid state into a molten state, an adhesive force can be generated between the film layer in the molten state and a contact surface of a printed object, and the printed object can be effectively adsorbed on the film layer by virtue of the adhesive force; when the temperature of the printed object is gradually reduced, the adhesive force between the film layer and the printed object is gradually weakened; after printing is finished, the heating layer stops heating, and the temperature of the film layer is gradually reduced to room temperature. The invention can effectively avoid the problem that the three-dimensional object formed by printing is not easy to fall off from the printing working platform.

Description

Working method of three-dimensional printer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a working method of a three-dimensional printer. The invention is a divisional application of the Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN 201510183820.3.

Background

The three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is one of the rapid prototyping technologies, and the common printing process is that firstly, the modeling is carried out through computer modeling software, and then the built three-dimensional model is divided into sections layer by layer, namely slices, so as to guide a printer to print layer by layer. The material of the three-dimensional printer mainly comprises bondable materials such as powdered metal or plastic.

The rapid prototyping technologies in the market at present are mainly classified into Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), three-dimensional printing (3 DP), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and laser light processing (DLP). The melt extrusion deposition modeling (FDM) is a common technique used in three-dimensional printing technology, and the principle is that a thermoplastic polymer material is extruded from a nozzle in a molten state, the molten material solidifies after cooling to form a thin layer with a contour shape, and the thin layer are stacked one on another to finally form a product. The most commonly used polymer materials for the melt extrusion stack molding technology in the market at present are acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA), and materials such as nylon (PA) and Polycarbonate (PC) also exist.

The melting temperature of the printing material PLA is 200-205 ℃, the melting temperature of the ABS is about 220 ℃, in the working process of the three-dimensional printer, after the ABS or the PLA is extruded from a spray head onto a workbench, the molten material starts to be converted into a solid state, an adhesive force is generated between a film layer structure on the workbench and a contact surface of the molten material, the adhesive force is gradually weakened along with the temperature reduction of the material after the molten material is slowly converted from the molten state into the solid state, however, a certain temperature difference exists between the inside and the outside of a printed object, and under the action of thermal stress, the edge part of the printed object is easily separated from a platform and warped, so that the exquisite degree of the printed object is influenced.

Therefore, it is a problem to be overcome by those skilled in the art to enhance the adhesion or adhesion between the molten material and the contact surface of the table, thereby preventing the printed object from warping. The one deck pad pasting usually can be pasted on the print table among the prior art, however, the printing material can directly permeate the inside of sticker and take place the adhesion with the sticker after high temperature melting like polylactic acid (PLA), after the printing object cools off to the room temperature, because the printing object is in the same place with the sticker adhesion, consequently is difficult for taking off. The object and the sticker need to be separated by the small shovel in actual work, the object and the sticker need to be easily damaged in the operation, the sticker of the workbench needs to be replaced after one or a plurality of printed objects are finished, the process for replacing the sticker in the actual work is complex, and the cost is obviously improved.

In addition, chinese utility model patent with application number CN201320392370.5 discloses a 3D printer of FDM technique, its technical features include that a layer of sticky jelly is coated on the printing workbench panel, the sticky jelly is used to avoid the warping phenomenon of the printed object, however, the sticky jelly has similar function to the above-mentioned sticker, the service life is shorter, and the material does not give specific chemical composition, and the material of three-dimensional printer has many kinds, for the ordinary technical staff in this field, without creative work, the sticky jelly of a general multi-kind of printed material can not be found.

In addition, the chinese patent application with application number CN201410459324.1 discloses a 3D printer and a method for preparing a working platform film layer thereof. In practical applications, the solution is found to provide a film layer with good adhesion to PLA and well avoids the occurrence of warpage. However, when ABS material or other three-dimensional printed materials are used, the printed object still has some degree of warpage on the film. In addition, the manufacturing method of the film is relatively complicated, and further improvement of chemical components is needed, so that the universality of various printing materials is improved, and the preparation method is optimized to be better suitable for industrial production.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a three-dimensional printer.

The invention provides a working method of a three-dimensional printer, wherein the three-dimensional printer comprises a printing working platform, the printing working platform sequentially comprises a heating layer, a glass layer and a film layer, and the method for preparing the film layer comprises the following steps: preparing a coating, spraying the coating on a glass layer, and baking to obtain a film layer; the printing method includes the steps of: when the molten material is contacted with the film layer, the molten material in a high-temperature state can promote the film layer to be converted from a solid state into a molten state, an adhesive force can be generated between the film layer in the molten state and the contact surface of the printed object, and the printed object can be effectively adsorbed on the film layer by virtue of the adhesive force, so that the warping phenomenon cannot be generated between the printed object and the contact surface of the film layer; when the temperature of the printed object is gradually reduced, the adhesive force between the film layer and the printed object is gradually weakened, and the film layer is recovered to a solid state from a molten state; after printing is finished, after the heating layer stops heating, the temperature of the film layer is gradually reduced to room temperature, and the adhesive force between the film layer and the contact surface of the printed object is lowest.

With the above scheme, in practice, when printing is carried out by using the PLA material, the temperature of the extrusion head is controlled to be 200-205 ℃, and the temperature of the glass layer is heated to be about 70 ℃ under the action of the heating layer. Because the glass layer is coated with the film layer which is molten at high temperature, when the molten filamentous material comes out from the extrusion head, the molten filamentous material can be kept at the high temperature of about 200 ℃, when the molten material PLA is in contact with the film layer, the PLA at the high temperature can promote the film layer to be converted from a solid state into a molten state, an adhesive force can be generated between the film layer in the molten state and the contact surface of the printing object, the printing object can be effectively adsorbed on the film layer by virtue of the adhesive force, and therefore, the warping phenomenon can not be generated between the contact surface of the printing object and the film layer. When the temperature of the printed object is gradually reduced, the adhesive force between the film layer and the printed object is gradually weakened, and the film layer is recovered to a solid state from a molten state.

After printing finishes, the zone of heating stops the heating back, and the temperature of rete reduces to the room temperature gradually, and the adhesive force between the contact surface of rete and printing object will be minimum this moment, and the user can easily conveniently take off and print the object, just so can not harm the integrality of rete, has improved the life of rete. When a user needs to replace a printing material, for example, PLA is switched to an ABS material, the temperature of the extrusion head is controlled to be about 220 ℃, but a film layer on the printing platform does not need to be replaced, and the film layer can play a good anti-warping effect on the ABS. The film is also suitable for three-dimensional printing materials such as nylon (PA), Polycarbonate (PC) and the like, and has high universality. In addition, the printing working platform comprises a glass layer, and the main reasons for selecting the glass layer comprise the following two points: on one hand, the film layer has strong adhesion to the glass layer; and when the rete takes place to damage, the user only need take off the glass layer and change can, because the low cost of glass, therefore with low costs and easy and simple to handle.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the film layer is 0.1 to 1 mm.

By adopting the scheme, the thickness of the film layer is preferably controlled within the range of 0.1-1 mm in practice in consideration of the heat conductivity coefficient and the adhesive adhesion effect of the film layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the weak solvent resin is an acrylic resin.

In a preferred embodiment, the heterocyclic acrylic resin is prepared by polymerizing glycidyl versatate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methacrylic acid monomer and hydroxypropyl methacrylate monomer.

The invention provides a coating for coating a printing workbench of a three-dimensional printer, wherein the printing workbench comprises a glass layer, the coating is used for coating the glass layer, and the coating is prepared from the following components: 12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin; 24 to 28 parts by mass of a weak solvent resin; the diluent is 10 to 14 parts by mass.

In a preferred embodiment, the weak solvent resin is 26 parts by mass and the diluent is 12 parts by mass.

By adopting the scheme, an optimal scheme of the proportion of the components is found.

In a preferred embodiment, the diluent is ethyl acetate and/or amyl acetate and/or butyl acetate.

Preferably, in the method, 12 parts by mass of the heterocyclic acrylic resin, 24 parts by mass to 28 parts by mass of the weak solvent resin, and 10 parts by mass to 14 parts by mass of the diluent are uniformly mixed to obtain the coating.

By adopting the scheme, the manufacturing process is very simple, has no harsh chemical operation, and is very suitable for being applied to industrial production.

Preferably, the method for preparing the film layer comprises the following steps: mixing 12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin and 24 to 28 parts by mass of weak solvent resin; 10-14 parts by mass of a diluent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a coating; spraying the coating on a glass layer, and baking at 150-180 deg.C for 60-90 min to obtain the film layer.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional printer of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a print job platform of the three-dimensional printer of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the print job platform of the three-dimensional printer of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment:

as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the three-dimensional printer 10 provided by the present invention includes a printing table 11, and the printing table 11 sequentially includes a heating layer 12, a glass layer 13 and a film layer 14 from top to bottom. The coating provided in this example was used to coat a glass layer 13. Uniformly mixing 12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin, 24 parts by mass to 28 parts by mass of weak solvent resin and 10 parts by mass to 14 parts by mass of diluent to obtain the coating.

Preferably, the weak solvent resin is acrylic resin, the acrylic resin is 26 parts by mass, and the weak solvent resin is provided by natural Baojie digital science and technology company of the Zhuhai, and the product model is NZZ 009X.

Preferably, the diluent comprises at least one of: ethyl acetate, amyl acetate and butyl acetate, and the diluent is 12 parts by mass.

The preparation method of the hybrid acrylic resin comprises the following steps: adding solvent and active intermediate tert-glycidyl versatate into a four-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a condenser, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, mixing acrylic monomers for standby, wherein the acrylic monomers can be one or more of Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), Butyl Acrylate (BA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), and an initiator for monomer polymerization is dissolved in the mixed acrylic monomers. After the temperature of the solvent in the flask was raised to 90 ℃, the acrylic mixed monomer was added dropwise over about 2.5 hours. The temperature was kept constant and the reaction was continued for about 3 hours to give a slightly yellowish transparent viscous liquid. Then, the temperature is reduced to about 60 ℃, 10 to 20 parts of amine neutralizer with a certain quantity is added, the mixture is continuously stirred for 0.5 hour, and water is added into the system in a dropwise manner to prepare the heterocyclic acrylic resin. In a further optimized scheme, an isocyanate curing agent (GH) can be added into the reaction system to improve the performance of the acrylic monomer. The further optimized scheme is that the optimal adding amount of the isocyanate curing agent is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the reaction system, and the heterocyclic acrylic acid has excellent adhesive property and high temperature resistance when the isocyanate is added according to the proportion.

Second embodiment:

according to the method for preparing the film layer on the printing workbench of the three-dimensional printer, the printing workbench comprises a glass layer, and the film layer is attached to the glass layer; the method for preparing the film layer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin, 24-28 parts by mass of weak solvent resin and 10-14 parts by mass of diluent to obtain a coating; the coating is evenly sprayed on the glass layer and baked for 60 to 90 minutes at a temperature of 150 to 180 ℃ to obtain the film layer. Preferably, the thickness of the film layer is 0.3 mm.

The hybrid acrylic resin is provided by Xintiandi science and technology limited of Dongguan city, and the product model is WZ 510.

The third embodiment:

the printing working platform applied to the three-dimensional printer comprises a heating layer, a glass layer and a film layer in sequence; the film layer is composed of 12 parts by mass of a heterocyclic acrylic resin and 24 to 28 parts by mass of a weak solvent resin. The method of making a glass platform comprises the steps of: uniformly mixing 12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin, 24-28 parts by mass of weak solvent resin and 10-14 parts by mass of diluent to obtain a coating; the coating is uniformly sprayed on the glass layer and baked at a temperature of 150 ℃ to 180 ℃ for 60 to 90 minutes to obtain the glass platform. The glass platform is fixed on the heating layer to form a printing working platform. When the film layer of the glass platform is damaged, an operator can directly replace the new glass platform.

The fourth embodiment:

the invention provides a three-dimensional printer which comprises a printing working platform, wherein the printing working platform sequentially comprises a heating layer, a glass layer and a film layer; the film layer is composed of 12 parts by mass of a heterocyclic acrylic resin and 24 to 28 parts by mass of a weak solvent resin. The method of making a glass platform comprises the steps of: uniformly mixing 12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin, 24-28 parts by mass of weak solvent resin and 10-14 parts by mass of diluent to obtain a coating; the coating is uniformly sprayed on the glass layer and baked at a temperature of 150 ℃ to 180 ℃ for 60 to 90 minutes to obtain the glass platform. The glass platform is fixed on the heating layer to form a printing working platform.

Claims

1. A printing method of a three-dimensional printer comprises a printing working platform, and is characterized in that:

the printing working platform sequentially comprises a heating layer, a glass layer and a film layer;

the method for preparing the film layer comprises the following steps:

preparing a coating paint, spraying the paint on the glass layer, and baking to obtain the film layer;

the printing method includes the steps of:

when the molten material is contacted with the film layer, the molten material in a high-temperature state can promote the film layer to be converted from a solid state into a molten state, adhesive force is generated between the film layer in the molten state and a contact surface of a printed object, and the printed object is adsorbed on the film layer by virtue of the adhesive force;

when the temperature of the printed object is gradually reduced, the adhesive force between the film layer and the printed object is gradually weakened, and the film layer is recovered to a solid state from a molten state;

after printing is finished, after the heating layer stops heating, the temperature of the film layer is gradually reduced to room temperature, and the adhesive force between the film layer and the contact surface of the printed object is reduced to the lowest;

wherein the thickness of the film layer is 0.1 to 1 mm;

the coating is prepared from the following components:

12 parts by mass of heterocyclic acrylic resin;

24 to 28 parts by mass of a weak solvent resin;

10 to 14 parts by mass of a diluent;

wherein the weak solvent resin is an acrylic resin.

2. The printing method of the three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the heterocyclic acrylic resin is prepared by polymerizing tertiary carbonic acid glycidyl ester, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methacrylic acid monomer and hydroxypropyl methacrylate monomer.

3. The printing method of the three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the weak solvent resin is 26 parts by mass, and the diluent is 12 parts by mass.

4. The printing method of the three-dimensional printer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

the diluent is ethyl acetate and/or amyl acetate and/or butyl acetate.