CN108465563A - Solid material dry separation device and method - Google Patents
Solid material dry separation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108465563A CN108465563A CN201710099527.8A CN201710099527A CN108465563A CN 108465563 A CN108465563 A CN 108465563A CN 201710099527 A CN201710099527 A CN 201710099527A CN 108465563 A CN108465563 A CN 108465563A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C11/00—Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for, e.g. regulators, valves in inlet or overflow ducting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
- B04C5/26—Multiple arrangement thereof for series flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
- B04C2009/008—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with injection or suction of gas or liquid into the cyclone
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of solid material dry separation device and method, to solve the problems, such as in existing solid material sorting technology that there are water consumption big, sharpness of separation is low, the efficiency of separation is low, material requirement is high, complicated.The present invention is mainly made of the quick response proportioning valve of conical fluidized bed, multi-cyclone and tape control unit, signal generator controls quick response proportioning valve and generates dither air-flow, different-grain diameter and the solid material of density is set to be rapidly achieved layer distributed big in bottom particles crude density, that particle fine and closely woven degree in top is small in conical fluidized bed, high density coarse granule is discharged in batches from bottom, multi-cyclone is collected into the fine grain technical solution of low-density in batches, can be applied to coal, ore and other solid materials sorting field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid material separating apparatus and methods, and in particular to one kind be suitable for coal, ore and its
The device and method that its solid material carries out dry separation.
Background technology
The method for separating of the solid materials such as coal, ore is broadly divided into two kinds of wet split and dry separation, currently, wet method
It is sorted in worldwide and occupies an leading position.Wet split is needed with a large amount of water, however shortage of water resources in world wide
With the situation getting worse of short water supply.And it is that Xi Duodong is few, northern in the solids resource overall distribution feature such as coal in China, ore
More south are few, and the solids resource enrichness abundance such as coal, ore and water resource are in contrary distribution.Currently, being most in China's hydraulic jigging
One of main coal separation mode, as publishing house of China Mining University publishes for 2001《Mineral dressing》Page 192~233 and China
What mining industry university press published for 2006《Coal Jigging Technique》Hydraulic jig described in page 33~116 is needed with a large amount of
Water come loose bed and conveying layering after coal, power consumption is very big, and due to a large amount of water and light product mixing discharge, increase
The separation link of system, makes whole system complicate.Sorting is carried out there is an urgent need for dry separation technology to resources such as coal, ores to carry
Matter.Dry separation is than the advantage of wet split, can save a large amount of water, will not increase product moisture content, and product will not be sent out
Life is freezed, and storage and transportation is convenient, avoids the pollution to underground water and ecological environment.During coal dry cleaning, it can ensure
Coal calorific value only increases, and is discharged without black water.However, the development of dry separation technology is not same with current active demand
Step, the industries practitioner such as coal, ore consciousness is not synchronous using present situation with china natural resources so that drought and water-scarce area is a large amount of
The resources such as not sorted coal, ore are directly entered market, cause the serious wasting of resources and environmental pollution, this present situation
The meaning and urgency for studying, promoting efficient dry separation technology energetically are highlighted.
The method of dry separation coal, ore and other solid materials has very much, common to have air jigging separating method, wind-force
Dense medium separation method, sieve method and combined type separating method etc..Wherein air jigging separating method is the air based on the upper and lower pulsation
It is middle realize material sorting gravity separation method, it does not change the physical property of solid material, be most important method for separating it
One.But there is also apparent disadvantages for air jig：To material requirement is high, the efficiency of separation is relatively low, sharpness of separation is low, structure ratio
It is more complex.
Invention content
Present invention mainly solves the technical issues of one of be that there are water consumption is big, environment is dirty for existing solid material sorting technology
The problem that dye, material requirement are high, the efficiency of separation is low, sharpness of separation is low, complicated, it is proposed that a kind of water-saving and environmental protection, material are suitable
Answer the solid material dry separation device that range is wide, sharpness of separation is high, the efficiency of separation is high, simple in structure.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention two are to provide one kind and solve one of technical problem corresponding dry method point
Choosing method.
One of to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：A kind of solid material dry separation
Device, including conical fluidized bed, material inlet pipe, gas distributor, main wind inlet tube, discharge wind inlet tube, gas distributing chamber,
Center drainage conduit, quick response proportioning valve, solenoid valve, outlet elbow, one cyclonic, two level whirlwind, deduster, level-one hopper and
Two level hopper；
The material inlet pipe is located at conical fluidized bed middle and upper part, and gas distributor and gas distributing chamber are located at taper fluidisation
Bed bottom, main wind inlet tube are connected with gas distributing chamber, and quick response proportioning valve I is mounted in main wind inlet tube, central row
Expects pipe is connected with gas distributor, and discharge wind inlet tube is connected with center drainage conduit, and quick response proportioning valve II is mounted on
In discharge wind inlet tube, one cyclonic is connected by outlet elbow with conical fluidized bed, and two level whirlwind is connected with one cyclonic
Logical, deduster is connected with two level whirlwind, and one cyclonic bottom is equipped with level-one hopper, and two level whirlwind bottom is equipped with two level hopper.
It is 2~8 times of lower end diameter that the conical fluidized bed, which uses conical design, upper end diameter, preferred scope is 4~
6 times, since the gas flow rate on different cross section is different, can make solid material it is big in bottom particles crude density in the conical bed,
The small layer distributed of the fine and closely woven degree of top particle, improves the efficiency of separation.
The gas distributor is located at conical fluidized bed bottom, and gas distributor conical opening angle is 30 °~150 °, excellent
60 °~120 ° are selected, the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with stomata, is equipped with 5~40 circles, and stomata is circumferentially evenly arranged, and often encloses stomata
For diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is 0.5~1mm, and maximum stomata is 2
~10mm, percent opening 1~10% accelerate the material of different-grain diameter and density in conical fluidized bed using being so designed with
Layer distributed strengthens gas-solid mixing, is also beneficial to the discharge of solid material.
The one cyclonic is connected by outlet elbow with conical fluidized bed, and air slit diameter is barrel diameter
0.3~0.8 times, preferably 0.4~0.6 times；The two level whirlwind is connected with one cyclonic, and air slit diameter is barrel diameter
0.2~0.7 times, preferably 0.3~0.5；The air slit diameter of one cyclonic is 1~4 times of two level whirlwind air slit diameter, excellent
Select 1.2~2 times；The small particle of the fine and closely woven degree of particle can be detached using such design, level-one hopper, two level hopper and
Deduster is collected to obtain the low-density fine grained that grain size successively decreases；It is further added by the series of whirlwind, can further be detached.
The response time of the quick response proportioning valve I and quick response proportioning valve II is less than 5 milliseconds, to make ratio
Valve can rapidly change aperture according to the signal that signal generator generates, and generate pulse pneumatic.
In order to solve the above problem two, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：A kind of solid material dry sorting method,
It is characterized in that mainly comprising the following steps, the solid material of different-grain diameter and density is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed,
Discharge wind enters from center drainage conduit in conical fluidized bed from discharge wind inlet tube by quick response proportioning valve II, and main wind is from master
Wind inlet tube enters from gas distributor in conical fluidized bed after quick response proportioning valve I and gas distributing chamber, passes through letter
Number generator controls quick response proportioning valve I, generates the main wind of dither, makes different-grain diameter and the solids of density
Material is rapidly achieved layer distributed big in bottom particles crude density, that particle fine and closely woven degree in top is small, high density in conical fluidized bed
Coarse granule is discharged after discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches；Low-density fine grained sequentially enters level-one by outlet elbow
Whirlwind, two level whirlwind and deduster are collected to obtain thin of the low-density that grain size successively decreases in level-one hopper, two level hopper and deduster
Grain.
The solid material includes：Various types of coals, ore, biomass, solid refuse or its mixture etc.
Solid material.
The main wind and discharge wind refers to or mixtures thereof one kind in air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide.
The signal generator includes：The equipment and energy of outputs level signals are controlled by oscillograph, computer software
Various frequencies, the equipment of waveform and output level electric signal are provided.
It is described quick response proportioning valve is controlled by signal generator after generate pulse pneumatic, the waveform of pulse pneumatic can
To be any type of wave, preferably square wave and sine wave, keep control more convenient.
The discharge wind enters after the II controls of quick response proportioning valve in central row expects pipe from discharge wind inlet tube, root
According to the density and granularity of solid material, center drainage conduit upper end spout discharge wind mean flow rate is set as 1~50m/s, preferably 10-
25m/s。
The discharge wind generates pulse pneumatic by the II controls of quick response proportioning valve, and in fluidization period, ripple frequency is
0.5~100Hz, preferably 5~25Hz, pulse amplitude are the 1%~100% of mean flow rate, preferably 10%~50%；In discharge rank
Section, is opened and closed according to the discharge situation of solid material, and it is 0.01~0.1Hz to be preferably opened and closed frequency.
The conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity ranging from 1~50m/s, preferably 5~25m/s.
It is described that the main wind that control generates pulsation is carried out to quick response proportioning valve I by signal generator, in fluidization period,
Ripple frequency be 0.5~100Hz, preferably 5~25Hz, pulse amplitude be mean flow rate 0%~100%, preferably 10%~
50%；In the discharge stage, flow is set according to the discharge situation of solid material.
2 technical solutions using the present invention control quick response proportioning valve and generate height by dry separation, signal generator
Frequency pulse pneumatic makes different-grain diameter or the solid material of density be rapidly achieved layer distributed in conical fluidized bed, and high density is thick
Particle is discharged in batches from bottom, and multi-cyclone is collected into low-density fine grained in batches.It improves material accommodation, divide
Precision and the efficiency of separation are selected, and result is simple, water-saving and environmental protection has a good application prospect.
Description of the drawings
1, Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of solid material dry separation device：
In Fig. 1,1 is conical fluidized bed；2 be material inlet pipe；3 be gas distributor；4 be main wind inlet tube；5 be discharge
Wind inlet tube；6 be gas distributing chamber；Drainage conduit centered on 7；8 (a) is quick response proportioning valve I, 8 (b) is quick response ratio
Valve II；9 (a), 9 (b), 9 (c), 9 (d), 9 (e) are quick response solenoid valve；10 be outlet elbow；11 be one cyclonic；12
For two level whirlwind；13 be deduster；14 be level-one hopper；15 be two level hopper.
A is solid material；B is discharge wind；C is main wind；D is low-density fine grained；E is high density coarse granule；F is level-one
Low-density fine grained；G is two level low-density fine grained；H is three-level low-density fine grained.
Different-grain diameter and the solid material A of density are entered by material inlet pipe (2) in conical fluidized bed (1), discharge wind B
Enter in conical fluidized bed (1) from center drainage conduit (7) from discharge wind inlet tube (5) by quick response proportioning valve II (8b),
Main wind C from main wind inlet tube (4) after quick response proportioning valve I (8a) and gas distributing chamber (6) from gas distributor (3) into
Enter in conical fluidized bed (1), quick response proportioning valve I (8a) is controlled by signal generator, generates dither
Main wind C can be such that different-grain diameter and the solid material A of density is rapidly achieved in bottom particles crude density in conical fluidized bed (1)
Greatly, the small layer distributed of the fine and closely woven degree of top particle, high density coarse granule E after the B controls of discharge wind from center drainage conduit (7) in batches
Discharge；Low-density fine grained D sequentially enters one cyclonic (11), two level whirlwind (12) and deduster by outlet elbow (10)
(13), the low-density fine grained for obtaining grain size and successively decreasing is collected in level-one hopper (14), two level hopper (15) and deduster (13).
The present invention will be further described below by way of examples, but is not limited only to the present embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
【Embodiment 1】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 1m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.5 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 85%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 92%.
【Embodiment 2】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2.5m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.5 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 94.5%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 91.8%.
【Embodiment 3】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 4m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.5 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 94.8%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 91.6%.
【Embodiment 4】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 94.4%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 72%.
【Embodiment 5】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.2 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 93.6%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 88%.
【Embodiment 6】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 2 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 94%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 90%.
【Embodiment 7】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 4 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity model
It encloses for 20m/s, raw coal can be made to be rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal are arranged after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Go out；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level hopper
Collect to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases with deduster, sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
The efficiency of separation of middle coarse granule coal is 94.2%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 84%.
【Embodiment 8】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.5 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 0.5Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity
Ranging from 20m/s can be such that raw coal is rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Discharge；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level material
Bucket and deduster are collected to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases, and sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
Wherein the efficiency of separation of coarse granule coal is 82%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 91.5%.
【Embodiment 9】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.5 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Square wave, ripple frequency are 100Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity
Ranging from 20m/s can be such that raw coal is rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Discharge；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level material
Bucket and deduster are collected to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases, and sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
Wherein the efficiency of separation of coarse granule coal is 75%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 92%.
【Embodiment 10】
A kind of solid material dry separation device, conical fluidized bed bottom diameter 0.5m, upper end maximum inner diameter 2.5m, height
5m, gas distributor conical opening angle are 90 °, and the gas distributor conical surface is equipped with 20 circle stomatas, and percent opening 2%, stomata is along circle
Week is evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor radially increase, the stomata close to center scum pipe is minimum, and minimum stomata is
1mm, maximum stomata are 10mm, and the diameter ratio of one cyclonic exhaust pipe and cylinder is 0.5, two level whirlwind exhaust pipe and cylinder it is straight
Diameter ratio is 0.4, and one cyclonic is 1.5 with two level whirlwind air slit diameter ratio.
The raw coal of 0-50mm is entered by material inlet pipe in conical fluidized bed by batcher, by discharge wind from discharge
From center, drainage conduit enters in conical fluidized bed wind inlet tube after quick response proportioning valve.Main wind is passed through from main wind inlet tube
Enter in conical fluidized bed from gas distributor after crossing quick response ratio example valve and gas distributing chamber, by signal generator to fast
Speed response proportioning valve is controlled, and the main wind of dither is generated.In fluidization period, the pulsating waveform of main wind and discharge wind is
Sine wave, ripple frequency are 10Hz, and pulse amplitude is the 50% of mean flow rate, conical fluidized bed bottom interface superficial velocity
Ranging from 20m/s can be such that raw coal is rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed small in the fine and closely woven degree of the big top particle of bottom particles crude density
Layer distributed.In the discharge stage, gangue and coarse granule coal after main wind and discharge air control system from center drainage conduit in batches
Discharge；Fine particulate coal sequentially enters one cyclonic, two level whirlwind and deduster by outlet elbow, in level-one hopper, two level material
Bucket and deduster are collected to obtain the fine particulate coal that grain size successively decreases, and sorting obtains gangue, 2 kinds of coarse granule coals and 3 kinds of fine particulate coals,
Wherein the efficiency of separation of coarse granule coal is 90%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 91.8%.
【Comparative example 1】
Using conventional wind jigging machine, it is material to select the raw coal of 0-50mm, sub-elects gangue, coarse granule coal and thin
Three kinds of products of beans, the wherein efficiency of separation of coarse granule coal are 76%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal is 68%.
Embodiment 1-10 and comparative example 1 are summarized as shown in table 1.
Table 1
From the comparison of the separating effect of table 1, it can be deduced that, the solid material dry separation device described in patent of the present invention,
Using embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, separating effect is best, and the device of wherein embodiment 2 is more economical；With conventional wind jigging machine
It compares, sorting series improves 3 grades, and the efficiency of separation of coarse granule coal improves about 19%, and the efficiency of separation of fine particulate coal improves
About 24%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solid material dry separation device, which is characterized in that including conical fluidized bed (1), material inlet pipe (2), gas
Body distributor (3), main wind inlet tube (4), discharge wind inlet tube (5), gas distributing chamber (6), center drainage conduit (7)；Quickly ring
Answer proportioning valve, solenoid valve, outlet elbow (10), one cyclonic (11), two level whirlwind (12), deduster (13), level-one hopper
(14) and two level hopper (15)；
It is characterized in that material inlet pipe (2) is located at conical fluidized bed (1) middle and upper part, gas distributor (3) and gas distributing chamber
(6) it is located at conical fluidized bed (1) bottom, main wind inlet tube (4) is connected with gas distributing chamber (6), quick response proportioning valve I
(8a) is mounted in main wind inlet tube (4), and center drainage conduit (7) is connected with gas distributor (3), discharge wind inlet tube (5)
It is connected with center drainage conduit (7), quick response proportioning valve II (8b) is mounted in discharge wind inlet tube (5), one cyclonic
(11) it is connected with conical fluidized bed (1) by outlet elbow (10), two level whirlwind (12) is connected with one cyclonic (11), removes
Dirt device (13) is connected with two level whirlwind (12), and one cyclonic (11) bottom is equipped with level-one hopper (14), two level whirlwind (12) bottom
Portion is equipped with two level hopper (15).
2. solid material dry separation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that on the conical fluidized bed (1)
Hold a diameter of lower end diameter 2~8 times.
3. solid material dry separation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described gas distributor (3) position
In conical fluidized bed (1) bottom, the conical opening angle of gas distributor (3) is 30 °~150 °, on gas distributor (3) conical surface
Equipped with stomata, 5~40 circles are equipped with, percent opening 1~10%, stomata is circumferentially evenly arranged, and often encloses hole diameter along distributor diameter
To being incremented by, the stomata close to center drainage conduit (7) is minimum, and minimum stomata is 0.5~1mm, and maximum stomata is 2~10mm.
4. solid material dry separation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that one cyclonic (11) row
Tracheal diameter is 0.3~0.8 times of barrel diameter, and two level whirlwind (12) air slit diameter is 0.2~0.7 times of barrel diameter,
The air slit diameter of one cyclonic (11) is 1~4 times of two level whirlwind (12) air slit diameter.
5. solid material dry separation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quick response proportioning valve I
The response time of (8a), quick response proportioning valve II (8b) are less than 5 milliseconds.
6. a kind of solid material dry sorting method is filled using any solid material dry separation described in Claims 1 to 5
It sets, it is characterised in that mainly comprise the following steps：Different-grain diameter and the solid material A of density enter taper flow by material inlet pipe (2)
Change in bed (1), discharge wind B enters by quick response proportioning valve II (8b) from center drainage conduit (7) from discharge wind inlet tube (5)
In conical fluidized bed (1), main wind C is from main wind inlet tube (4) after quick response proportioning valve I (8a) and gas distributing chamber (6)
Enter in conical fluidized bed (1) from gas distributor (3), quick response proportioning valve I (8a) is controlled by signal generator
System, generates the main wind C of dither, so that different-grain diameter and the solid material A of density is rapidly achieved in conical fluidized bed (1) and is in
The layer distributed that bottom particles crude density is big, particle fine and closely woven degree in top is small, high density coarse granule E after the B controls of discharge wind therefrom
Heart drainage conduit (7) is discharged in batches；Low-density fine grained D sequentially enters one cyclonic (11) by outlet elbow (10), two level is revolved
Wind (12) and deduster (13) obtain what grain size successively decreased in the collection of level-one hopper (14), two level hopper (15) and deduster (13)
Low-density fine grained.
7. solid material dry sorting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the discharge wind B enters from discharge wind
Mouthful pipe (5) by quick response proportioning valve II (8b) control after enter central row expects pipe (7) in, according to the density of solid material with
Granularity sets center drainage conduit (7) upper end spout discharge wind mean flow rate as 1~50m/s.
8. solid material dry sorting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the discharge wind B is by quickly ringing
Proportioning valve II (8b) controls are answered to generate pulse pneumatic, in fluidization period, ripple frequency is 0.5~100Hz, and pulse amplitude is average
The 1%~100% of flow velocity；In the discharge stage, it is opened and closed according to the discharge situation of solid material.
9. solid material dry sorting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that conical fluidized bed (1) bottom
Interface superficial velocity ranging from 1~50m/s.
10. solid material dry sorting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that by signal generator to quick
Response proportioning valve I (8a) carries out the main wind C that control generates pulsation, and in fluidization period, ripple frequency is 0.5~100Hz, and pulsation is shaken
Width is the 0%~100% of mean flow rate；In the discharge stage, flow is set according to the discharge situation of solid material.
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| CN109013315A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-18 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of gas-solid fluidized bed sorting unit of conical distribution plate structural formula and method |
| CN111282815A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Solid particle size controller, application thereof and method for separating solid particles |
| CN114789093A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-07-26 | 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 | Device and method for separating vitrinite from coal and vitrinite coal separated by using device or method |
| CN115157498A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-11 | 上杭鑫昌龙实业有限公司 | Thermal expansion system capable of regulating density of hollow resin microspheres |
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