CN108465464B - 一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法及应用。本发明制备方法步骤如下:先将醋酸钡和醋酸锶加入去醋酸中,将Ti(OC4H9)4加入到乙醇和醋酸和混合溶液中,将两溶液混合、干燥、研磨后,高温煅烧后得到钛酸锶钡,将获得的钛酸锶钡粉末与钒酸铋前驱体溶液混合、干燥、研磨、煅烧后得到一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋粉末。本发明制备的光催化材料光催化性能高,本发明具有操作简单,制备成本低,条件温和,易于实现工业化等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能材料领域,涉及一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法及应用。
背景技术
近年来,随着全球工业化进程的迅速发展,环境污染问题日益突出。光催化技术以其直接利用太阳光来解决水体污染的优势,得到了越来越多的关注,光催化剂是这项技术的核心。钒酸铋为层状材料,在光照条件下可以催化分解水制氢和降解有机污染物,但由于其光生载流子复合几率较高,故光催化性能较差。因此,如何改善钒酸铋的光降解有机污染物的能力具有重要的现实意义。用一种半导体复合另一种半导体或材料后能使复合材料的光催化性能改善,在专利CN105688968A中公开了一种钒酸铋/氮化硼复合光催化材料,以氮化硼纳米片为催化剂载体,将钒酸铋负载于氮化硼纳米片上。将五水硝酸铋溶解于硝酸溶液,然后加入氮化硼纳米片和偏钒酸钠得到混合溶液,将混合溶液超声后转移至水热反应釜,将水热反应釜置于烘箱中进行水热反应,待自然冷却至室温,将产物离心分离洗涤,干燥即得钒酸铋/氮化硼复合光催化材料。基于工业化生产角度看,寻找一种适于大规模生产的钒酸铋基体系和方法是很有必要的。迄今为止,钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的相关工作尚未见报道,本发明通过一种简便的方法引入第二相钒酸铋提高钛酸锶钡基材料的光生载流子的分离效率,对开发钛酸锶钡光催化剂具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服传统技术的不足,提供一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋高效光催化剂的制备方法,具有成本低,生产周期短,易于大规模生产等优点。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法及应用,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将醋酸钡和醋酸锶加入去醋酸中,搅拌至均匀,形成A液;
步骤2,将Ti(OC4H9)4加入到乙醇和醋酸的混合溶液中,得到B液;
步骤3,将A液与B液混合形成C液;
步骤4,将C液前驱体干燥、研磨、煅烧后得到钛酸锶钡粉末;
步骤5,将一定量的硝酸铋加入到硝酸中,搅拌至均匀,形成D液;
步骤6,将一定量的偏钒酸铵加入到氢氧化钠溶液中,得到E液;
步骤7,将E液加入到D液中,形成F液前驱体,其中硝酸铋与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:1;
步骤8,将步骤4得到的钛酸锶钡粉末与步骤7中得到的F液混合,其中钛酸锶钡与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:(0~0.5),干燥、研磨、煅烧后得到钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋粉末。
所述的钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋及制备方法,其特征在于,所述钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋中的钛酸锶钡结构为钙钛矿相,钒酸铋为四方相结构。所述的钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋在光催化方面的应用。与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明采用溶胶法制备了钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋复合光催化剂,其中钒酸铋为四方相,钛酸锶钡为钙钛矿相。本发明具有制备周期短、生产成本低、工艺方法简便等优点。本发明制备的钛酸锶钡与钒酸铋的有效接触面积大,有利于得到更加高效的钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋复合光催化剂。以罗丹明B为降解对象,钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋在可见光照330min后脱色率可达90%,钛酸锶钡粉体在可见光照330min后的脱色率为21%,钒酸铋在可见光照射330min后脱色率为35%,钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的脱色率较钒酸铋和钛酸锶钡有很大的提高。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例2中制备的钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的XRD衍射图谱;
图2是本发明实施例2中制备的钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的透射电镜图;
图3是本发明实施例1~3中制备的钛酸锶钡、钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋和钒酸铋的光催化脱色率曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和本发明优选的具体实施例对本发明做进一步描述,原料均为分析纯。
实施例1:
步骤1,将10mmol的醋酸钡和醋酸锶加入去醋酸中,形成A液;
步骤2,将10mmol的将Ti(OC4H9)4加入到乙醇和醋酸的混合溶液中后形成B液;
步骤3,将A液与B液混合得到C液,其中Ti(OC4H9)4与(醋酸钡和醋酸锶)的摩尔比为1:1,醋酸钡与醋酸锶摩尔比为7:3;
步骤4,所得到的C液将干燥、研磨、在700℃煅烧3小时后得到钛酸锶钡。
实施例2:
步骤1,将10mmol的醋酸钡和醋酸锶加入去醋酸中,形成A液;
步骤2,将10mmol的将Ti(OC4H9)4加入到乙醇和醋酸和混合溶液中后形成B液;
步骤3,将A液与B液混合得到C液,其中Ti(OC4H9)4与(醋酸钡和醋酸锶)的摩尔比为1:1,醋酸钡与醋酸锶摩尔比为7:3;
步骤4,所得到的C液将干燥、研磨、在700℃煅烧3小时后得到钛酸锶钡;
步骤5,将5mmol的硝酸铋加入到硝酸中,搅拌至均匀,形成D液;
步骤6,将5mmol的偏钒酸铵加入到氢氧化钠溶液中,得到E液;
步骤7,将E液加入到D液中,形成F液前驱体,其中硝酸铋与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:1;
步骤8,将步骤4得到的钛酸锶钡粉末与步骤7中得到的F液混合,其中钛酸锶钡与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:0. 5,干燥、研磨后,在500℃下煅烧4小时后得到钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋粉末。
实施例3:
步骤1,将5mmol的硝酸铋加入到硝酸中,搅拌至均匀,形成A液;
步骤2,将5mmol的偏钒酸铵加入到氢氧化钠溶液中,得到B液;
步骤3,将B液加入到A液中,形成C液前驱体,其中硝酸铋与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:1;
步骤4,将C液干燥、研磨后,在500℃下煅烧4小时后得到钒酸铋粉末。
应用例:
对实施列1~3中所制得的钛酸锶钡,钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋和钒酸铋进行光催化活性评价,具体操作步骤为:
称量实施例1~3中所制得的钛酸锶钡,钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋和钒酸铋分别取光催化剂100 mg,将其加入到罗丹明B染料溶液中(100mL,3.13×10-5mol·L-1),避光搅拌1h,待脱吸附达到平衡后打开500W氙灯光源,每隔30min检测一次染料的浓度,在给定时间内表征出所制备材料对罗丹明B的催化脱色情况。
以上所述内容仅为本发明构思下的基本说明,通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换,均应属本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法,其特征在于钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋中钛酸锶钡为钙钛矿结构,钒酸铋为四方相结构,包括以下制备步骤:
步骤1,将醋酸钡和醋酸锶加入去醋酸中,搅拌至均匀,形成A液;
步骤2,将Ti(OC4H9)4加入到乙醇和醋酸的混合溶液中,得到B液;
步骤3,将A液与B液混合形成C液;
步骤4,将C液前驱体干燥、研磨、煅烧后得到钛酸锶钡粉末,步骤4中煅烧温度为650~800℃,煅烧时间为3~5小时;
步骤5,将一定量的硝酸铋加入到硝酸中,搅拌至均匀,形成D液;
步骤6,将一定量的偏钒酸铵加入到氢氧化钠溶液中,得到E液;
步骤7,将E液加入到D液中,形成F液前驱体,其中硝酸铋与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:1;
步骤8,将步骤4得到的钛酸锶钡粉末与步骤7中得到的F液混合,其中钛酸锶钡与偏钒酸铵的摩尔比为1:0.5,干燥、研磨、煅烧后得到钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋粉末,步骤8中煅烧温度为450~550℃,煅烧时间为3~5小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中醋酸钡和醋酸锶的浓度分别为0.06~0.24mol/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中Ti(OC4H9)4的浓度为0.06~0.24mol/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中Ti(OC4H9)4与醋酸钡和醋酸锶的摩尔量之和的比为1:1,醋酸钡与醋酸锶摩尔比为7:3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤5中硝酸铋的浓度为20~35mmol/L。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤6中偏钒酸铵的浓度为20~35mmol/L。
7.权利要求1所述的制备方法所制备的钛酸锶钡/钒酸铋在光催化方面的应用。
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