CN108462419A - Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system - Google Patents
Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108462419A CN108462419A CN201810242666.6A CN201810242666A CN108462419A CN 108462419 A CN108462419 A CN 108462419A CN 201810242666 A CN201810242666 A CN 201810242666A CN 108462419 A CN108462419 A CN 108462419A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
Abstract
Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, by the unsteady flow main circuit of two switch reluctance generators, two SPWM circuits, two field circuits, one four winding transformer, one rectifying output circuit composition, two Wind turbines share a transformer and unsteady flow output circuit, structure is simplified, two SPWM circuits are using alternating and duty cycle adjustment work, it has adapted to different Wind turbines and has exported different generating voltage values, each section shares a transformer and accomplishes mutually isolated and be released effectively leakage inductance and protection, complete set is simple in structure at low cost, adaptability under Reasonable Regulation And Control, flexibility, controllability is strong, suitable for multicomputer wind power generation field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind electric converter fields, and in particular to a kind of to use switched reluctance machines as variable speed wind generating
Machine, based on become the lower biswitch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator unit of generating voltage control integrate unsteady flow and high voltage direct current exports it is low at
Originally, the converter system of high reliability and its regulation and control method.
Background technology
Switched reluctance machines are simple in structure firm, and manufacturing cost is cheap, and without winding, without permanent magnet on rotor, reliability is high,
It has broad application prospects.
Direct current transportation in recent years is increasingly subject to the attention of power department, and just tool is young in some areas for the DC grid of local
Thus shape, high pressure, super-pressure, extra-high voltage direct-current transmission and grid-connected also in development, has also derived more and more load equipments
Directly DC power supply is used to power.
Switch reluctance generator is generally placed in by 2-5 phase winding on stator, according to salient pole between rotor and groove
Relative position determines the phase winding being powered, and is generally divided into excitation and two big stages of power generation when work per phase winding, the excitation stage is
Motor phase windings absorb the electric energy storage magnetic energy of external field power supply, subsequently terminate the excitation stage according to rotor relative stator position
Into power generating stage, the magnetic energy stored in phase winding is converted into electric energy output.
The excitation of switch reluctance generator, power generation will surround the operation control realization for the convertor circuit for connecting its winding,
There is no winding convertor circuit, switch reluctance generator is naturally without in all senses.
It is preferably reliability height, simple structure, convenient control, otherwise winding convertor circuit event in the design of winding convertor circuit
Barrier means that this generating set will stop power generation operation completely, very crucial;It considers simultaneously under most occasions to outlet side
The demand of high voltage, if it is possible to realize the function of boosting in winding convertor circuit, then certainly will have very much practical significance.
Conventional switch reluctance generator converter system is usually that every generator individually corresponds to a set of converter system, if
Two or more switch reluctance generator units share a set of converter system, not yet occur at present, also unrealistic.
The unrealistic reason of a set of converter system is shared based on above-indicated more switch reluctance generator units, one
Then under wind-powered electricity generation operating mode, wind speed, rotating speed that different units face etc. can be variant, to which the parameters such as respective output power, voltage are deposited
In the possibility of difference;In addition, according to the electromagnetic theory of switch reluctance generator, generally require to carry out maximum work under wind-powered electricity generation operating mode
Rate point tracks (MPPT) control, and to obtain maximum power output, and a kind of control strategy is exactly to control output voltage to generate electricity electricity
Pressure dynamically with Based Motional Electromotive Force keep balance (or individually reduce generating voltage so that power generating stage winding current downward trend
Slow down or rise, to enhance electric energy fan-out capability), to which winding current is flat-topped wave, the ability for exporting electric energy is maximum,
Be conducive to the improvement to torque pulsation, and Based Motional Electromotive Force random groups rotating speed and change, in different unit allocations naturally so that
Respective generating voltage follows adjustment in response to the needs of maximum power output according to Based Motional Electromotive Force that may be different, this
It causes the generating voltage of the respective output end of different units different, obstacle is brought to share a set of converter system.
The stability of the field power supply of switch reluctance generator, separate excitation type is good, the voltage and current fluctuation of traditional self-excitation type
Larger, this is also the third factor for causing different unit generation voltage differences;In order to reduce interference, often field power supply end applies
Isolation link;In general, in power generation outlet side, no matter it is directly output to DC load or is incorporated to DC grid, reliability
Under it is required that, it is also desirable to electromagnetic isolation link;Electrical between two units if if two unit converter systems capable of being combined
Wiring is necessarily also required to be isolated;Based on the above as it can be seen that excessive transformer uses, cost and loss certainly will be increased.
In the MPPT and Energy optimization control of switch reluctance generator, the generating voltage or hair to output end are generally required
Electric current is controlled, and switching tube quantity and the complexity of control are increased, if can establish on the basis of other Functional Designs
It kills two birds with one stone simultaneously and completes multifunction control, then must have development prospect, including unsteady flow system under the premise of meeting reliability
Electromagnetic isolation link of system etc..
Invention content
According to above background technology, present invention proposes two switch reluctance generators of one kind sharing a set of unsteady flow system
System realizes that the structure of high voltage output is simple, reliability at low cost is high, single phase transformer, and it is adjustable to adapt to respective generating voltage
Converter system structure, and whole switching tube regulation and control method.
The technical scheme is that:
Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, by the first unsteady flow main circuit, the second unsteady flow
Main circuit, the first SPWM circuits, the 2nd SPWM circuits, four winding transformers, rectifying output circuit, the first field circuit, second
Field circuit forms, and technical characteristic is that the first unsteady flow main circuit output both ends connect the first SPWM circuits input
Both ends, the first unsteady flow main circuit input both ends and connect the first field circuit output both ends, and the second unsteady flow main circuit is defeated
Go out both ends and connect the 2nd SPWM circuits input both ends, the second unsteady flow main circuit inputs both ends and connects second field circuit
Both ends are exported, the first SPWM circuit outputs both ends and the 2nd SPWM circuit outputs both ends are separately connected four winding transformer one
The input both ends at the respective both ends of the double winding of secondary side, the rectifying output circuit connect two sets of four winding transformer secondary side
Multiturn number winding both ends in winding, i.e. the number of turns winding both ends connect the first field circuit and the second field circuit to another set of winding less
Input both ends;
First unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of First switch reluctance generator, by the first accumulator,
First diode, the second diode, third diode, the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode,
8th diode, first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube, the 4th switching tube, the 5th switching tube, the 6th switching tube,
7th switching tube, the second phase winding, third phase winding, the 4th phase winding, the first capacitor, the first inductance, is inhaled the first phase winding
It receives device 1 to form, technical characteristic is that first battery positive voltage connects first diode anode, the first storage battery negative
Pole connects the second switch tube cathode, the third diode anode, third switch tube cathode, the 5th switching tube
Cathode, the 6th diode anode, the 6th switch tube cathode, first capacitor anode, the 8th diode
Anode, first inductance one end, and output and input negative pole end, the connection of the first diode cathode as the first unsteady flow main circuit
The first switch tube anode, the 4th switch tube anode, and input positive terminal, first switch as the first unsteady flow main circuit
Tube cathode connects the third diode cathode, first phase winding one end, third phase winding one end, the first phase winding
The other end connects second diode anode and the second switch tube anode, third phase winding other end connection the described 4th
Diode anode and the third switch tube anode, and the 4th switch tube cathode connects the 6th diode cathode, described second
Phase winding one end, described 4th phase winding one end, the second phase winding other end connect the 5th diode anode and described the
Five switch tube anodes, the 4th phase winding other end connection the 7th diode anode and the 6th switch tube anode, second
Diode cathode, the 4th diode cathode, the 5th diode cathode, the connection of the 7th diode cathode, and just with the first capacitor
Pole, it is described 7th switch tube anode connection, also be used as the first unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 7th switch tube cathode with it is described
1 one end of absorber, the connection of the first inductance other end, 1 other end of absorber are connect with the 8th diode cathode;First phase winding,
Second phase winding, third phase winding, that the 4th phase winding is arranged in First switch reluctance generator stator four respectively in order is right
On salient pole;
Second unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of second switch reluctance generator, by the second accumulator,
9th diode, the tenth diode, the 11st diode, the 12nd diode, the 13rd diode, the 14th diode,
15 diodes, the 16th diode, the 8th switching tube, the 9th switching tube, the tenth switching tube, the 11st switching tube, the 12nd
Switching tube, the 13rd switching tube, the 14th switching tube, the 5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase winding, the 8th phase winding,
Second capacitor, the second inductance, absorber 2 form, and technical characteristic is the second battery positive voltage connection the described 9th 2
Pole pipe anode, the second battery terminal negative connection the 9th switch tube cathode, the 11st diode anode, the described tenth open
Close tube cathode, the 12nd switch tube cathode, the 14th diode anode, the 13rd switch tube cathode, described
Second capacitor anode, the 16th diode anode, second inductance one end, and inputted as the second unsteady flow main circuit
With output negative pole end, the 9th diode cathode connection the 8th switch tube anode, the 11st switch tube anode, and conduct
Second unsteady flow main circuit inputs positive terminal, the 8th switch tube cathode connect the 11st diode cathode, the 5th phase around
Group one end, described 7th phase winding one end, the 5th phase winding other end connect the tenth diode anode and the described 9th and open
Pass tube anode, the 7th phase winding other end connection the 12nd diode anode and the tenth switch tube anode, the 11st
Switch tube cathode connection the 14th diode cathode, described 6th phase winding one end, described 8th phase winding one end, the 6th
The phase winding other end connects the 13rd diode anode and the 12nd switch tube anode, and the 8th phase winding other end connects
Connect the 15th diode anode and it is described 13rd switch tube anode, the tenth diode cathode, the 12nd diode cathode,
13rd diode cathode, the connection of the 15th diode cathode, and switch tube anode with the second capacitor anode, the described 14th
Connection is also used as the second unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 14th switch tube cathode and 2 one end of the absorber, the second electricity
Feel other end connection, 2 other end of absorber is connect with the 16th diode cathode;5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase
Winding, the 8th phase winding are arranged in second switch reluctance generator stator four on salient pole respectively in order;
First SPWM circuits are opened by the 17th diode, first resistor, third capacitor, the 18th diode, the 15th
Pipe composition is closed, technical characteristic is that the 17th diode anode is that the first SPWM circuits input positive terminal, the 17th pole
Tube cathode connects described first resistor one end and third capacitor one end, and as the first SPWM circuit output positive terminals,
The 18th diode cathode connection first resistor other end and the third capacitor other end, the connection of the 18th diode anode
The 15th switch tube anode, and as the first SPWM circuit output negative pole ends, the 15th switch tube cathode is as first
SPWM circuits input negative pole end;
2nd SPWM circuits are by the 19th diode, second resistance, the 4th capacitor, the 20th diode, sixteenmo
Pipe composition is closed, technical characteristic is that the 19th diode anode is that the 2nd SPWM circuits input positive terminal, the 19th pole
Tube cathode connects described second resistance one end and described 4th capacitor one end, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output positive terminals,
The 20th diode cathode connection second resistance other end and the 4th capacitor other end, the connection of the 20th diode anode
The sixteenmo closes tube anode, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output negative pole ends, and sixteenmo closes tube cathode as second
SPWM circuits input negative pole end;
Four winding transformers are few by the first winding of primary side, the second winding of primary side, secondary side multiturn number winding, secondary side
The number of turns winding forms, and technical characteristic is that the first winding of the primary side is identical with the second winding of the primary side, they
Respective the number of turns be the secondary side multiturn number winding half to 1/10th, the secondary side lacks the circle of the number of turns winding
Number is less than the second umber of turn of the first winding of primary side and primary side, the first winding polarity of primary side and secondary side multiturn number winding
Polarity is identical, secondary side multiturn number winding polarity and the second winding polarity of primary side on the contrary, secondary side lack the number of turns winding polarity with
The first winding polarity of primary side is identical;The first winding of primary side both ends connect the first SPWM circuit outputs both ends, primary side second
Winding both ends connect the 2nd SPWM circuit outputs both ends, and secondary side multiturn number winding both ends are as rectifying output circuit input two
End, secondary side lack the number of turns winding both ends and respectively input both ends as the first field circuit and the second field circuit;
Rectifying output circuit is by the 21st diode, the 22nd diode, the 23rd diode, the 24th
Pole pipe, third inductance, the 5th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 21st diode anode connections described second
13 diode cathodes and four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding one end, the 22nd diode anode connect institute
State the 24th diode cathode and the four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding other ends, the 21st diode cathode and
22nd diode cathode connects, and is connected with third inductance one end, the third inductance other end and the 5th capacitance
Device anode connects and is also entire change generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure of the invention as rectifying output circuit
The output cathode end of converter system, the 23rd diode anode, the 24th diode anode, the 5th capacitor anode connect
It connects, and is also entire change generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system of the invention as rectifying output circuit
Output negative pole end;
First field circuit closes pipe, the 19th switching tube, the 20th switching tube, the by the 17th switching tube, eighteenmo
Four inductance, the 6th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are that the 17th switch tube anode switchs tube cathode with the described 19th
Connection, and lack the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the eighteenmo pass tube anode and described the
20 switch tube cathode connections, and lack the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 17th switching tube
Cathode and eighteenmo close tube cathode and connects, and are connect with described 4th inductance one end, and the 4th inductance other end connects described the
Six capacitor anodes and as the first field circuit output cathode end, the 19th switch tube anode with the 20th switch tube anode and
6th capacitor anode connects, and as the first field circuit output negative pole end;
Second field circuit is by the 21st switching tube, the 22nd switching tube, the 23rd switching tube, 24-carat gold
Guan Guan, the 5th inductance, the 7th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 21st switch tube anodes and the described 20th
Three switch tube cathode connections, and lack the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 22nd switch
Tube anode is connect with the 24th switch tube cathode, and is lacked the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connected
It connects, the 21st switch tube cathode is connect with the 22nd switch tube cathode, and is connect with described 5th inductance one end, the 5th electricity
Feel the other end and connects the 7th capacitor anode and as the second field circuit output cathode end, the 23rd switch tube anode
It is connect with the 24th switch tube anode and the 7th capacitor anode, and as the second field circuit output negative pole end;
The present invention become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system regulation and control method into:
In first unsteady flow main circuit, according to switch reluctance generator operation logic, when according to rotor-position need the first phase around
When group work, first switch pipe and second switch pipe are closed conducting, and the electric energy of the first field circuit output is that the first phase winding is encouraged
Magnetic, when need to terminate excitation according to rotor-position and winding current requirement, disconnection first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the two or two
Pole pipe and third diode provide access for the first phase winding afterflow and generate electricity output, when the 4th phase winding need to devote oneself to work,
4th switching tube and the 6th switching tube are closed conducting excitation, after disconnect the 4th switching tube and the 6th switching tube enters the six or two
Pole pipe and the 7th diode provide the afterflow power generation output of the 4th phase winding, each in other phase windings and the second unsteady flow main circuit
Phase winding is also identical, by respectively connect switching tube excitation, diode continuousing flow generate electricity;The work of first accumulator and the second accumulator
Be respective switch reluctance generator start start when i.e. each field circuit cannot still provide field power supply when be used for providing just
Beginning excitation electric energy;
The needs that the control of electric energy fan-out capability is improved according to switch reluctance generator reduce the first unsteady flow master when needing to adjust
When circuit output end generating voltage, it is closed the 7th switching tube, the first capacitor electric energy shifts energy storage to the first inductance, to first
Capacitor voltage at both ends, that is, generating voltage reduces, and the magnetic energy of the first inductance storage is after the disconnection of the 7th switching tube, via the eight or two
Pole pipe afterflow is absorbed by absorber 1, and absorber 1 is electrical storage device or energy-consuming device;The switching magnetic-resistance of second unsteady flow main circuit is sent out
When needing to reduce its generating voltage in motor control, control process is identical, is closed the 14th switching tube by the second capacitor electric energy
Storage reduces generating voltage to the second inductance, after the 14th switching tube disconnects, the second inductive energy storage via the 16th diode to
The transfer of absorber 2 storage or consumption;
Inside first SPWM circuits, when the 15th switching tube, which is closed, to be connected, the primary sides first of four winding transformers around
Group is powered, and after the 15th switching tube disconnects, the magnetic energy such as leakage inductance of four the first windings of winding transformer primary side are via the 18th
Pole pipe is released to third capacitor, and is finally consumed by first resistor;Also identical inside 2nd SPWM circuits, sixteenmo closes pipe
Four the second windings of winding transformer primary side are powered after being closed conducting, and sixteenmo closes the 4th capacitor and the second electricity after pipe disconnects
Resistance releases to leakage inductance magnetic energy;
15th switching tube of the first SPWM circuits and the sixteenmo pass of the 2nd SPWM circuits manage the two switching tubes and are
It is alternately closed ON operation pattern, and only conducting section is terminated and four winding transformers are secondary when a upper switching tube is closed
Side multiturn number winding output end current when being down to zero next switching tube just initially enter closure conducting section, in addition, they are every
One switching tube is closed in the section of conducting, is all used SPWM modulating modes, that is, is equivalent to unidirectional half-sinusoid;
The electric energy of first field circuit and the second field circuit comes from the first unsteady flow main circuit and the second unsteady flow main circuit
Output and obtained after the isolation of four winding transformers, the 17th switching tube of the first field circuit, eighteenmo close pipe, the tenth
Nine switching tubes, the 20th switching tube form unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, the 21st switching tube of the second field circuit, the
22 switching tubes, the 23rd switching tube, the 24th switching tube form second unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, pass through
Each switching tube duty ratio is adjusted, the output excitation voltage of two field circuits is adjusted, becomes excitation and enhanced excitation to realize
Switch reluctance generator control needed for.
The technique effect of the present invention mainly has:
(1) structure of current transformer of the present invention, two switch reluctance generator units share a set of boosting and converter plant, section
Hardware cost is saved.
(2) structure of the invention has greatly adapted to two switch reluctance generators i.e. the first unsteady flow main circuit and the second change
The unequal occasion of output generating voltage of main circuit is flowed, this especially becomes very common under generating voltage control under wind-powered electricity generation operating mode
The case where (so conventional be all often the separate converter system of every unit before final output), expand wind-powered electricity generation and answer
Applicable surface.
(3) use a transformer, realize output end boosting and isolation, biswitch reluctance generator unsteady flow main circuit it
Between isolation and field power supply and other parts be isolated, volume weight and cost are greatly saved, especially in transformer
When medium-high frequency works.
(4) under structure of the invention, self-excitation power supply, that is, each field circuit input terminal is in isolation with other parts, no
Excitation voltage and mutual between them can be caused due to self-excitation adjustment or generating voltage adjustment or rectification output loading end change
Interference, stability is good, and the adjustable output of field circuit, and excitation voltage can be used as a variable and participate in system control, flexibility
It is good.
The design of bleed-off circuit in (5) the first SPWM circuits and the 2nd SPWM circuits, for release four winding transformers leakage
Feel magnetic energy, improves the controllability of transformer and reliability provides guarantee.
When the number of turns of (6) four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number windings is significantly greater than its primary side umber of turn, entirely
Converter system will obtain apparent DC voltage and rise to, and high voltage direct current is grid-connected or the needs of high voltage direct current load to adapt to, in addition
As above about described in the transformer, an arrow is carved more.
Respective switching tube in (7) the first SPWM circuits and the 2nd SPWM circuits (the 15th switching tube and sixteenmo close pipe)
Alternation switch work, completed when one of switching tube is fully disconnected power cut-off and secondary side multiturn number winding afterflow
Afterwards, another switching tube is devoted oneself to work open-minded again, avoid coupling between two windings bring transformer control it is difficult.
(8) the 15th switching tubes and sixteenmo close in pipe work and use single-phase half-wave SPWM modulating modes, alleviate defeated
Go out electric energy filtering pressure, improves power quality, while switching magnetic-resistance can be participated in by the adjusting of duty ratio in its SPWM, depth
In the MPPT controls of wind powered generator system and Energy optimization control and output end control, regulation and control variable is increased, to increase
The controllability of strong system and flexibility.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show the present invention and becomes generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system structure chart.
Specific implementation mode
Two switch reluctance generators of the present embodiment are four phase windings, are respectively A/ by the sequence being distributed on stator
Tetra- phase winding of B/C/D and M/N/P/Q, as shown in Fig. 1.
Attached drawing 1 show the present embodiment and becomes generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system circuit structure
Figure, the first unsteady flow main circuit 101 is identical with 102 internal structure of the second unsteady flow main circuit, and selected component is identical,
Operation principle is identical, opposite according to the switch reluctance generator rotor detected by taking the first unsteady flow main circuit 101 as an example
The location information of stator, it is assumed that the first phase winding A needs are devoted oneself to work, then first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 closures are led
Logical, it (is to be stored by first when the switch reluctance generator is dynamic that the electric energy of the first field circuit output is provided to the first phase winding A
Battery X1 is provided via the first diode D1) electric energy needed for excitation waits for into the excitation stage according to rotor-position and winding current
Information needs to turn off the magnetic energy stored in first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2, the first phase winding A via the second diode
D2 and third diode D3 provides afterflow power generation access and exports outward, this is power generating stage, and output end voltage is the electricity that generates electricity
Pressure waits reaching certain rotor-position (rotor with salient pole center line and stator where the phase winding according to switch reluctance generator model
Groove center line overlapping positions) when, since rotor air gap is maximum at this time, magnetic resistance is maximum, and winding inductance is minimum, according to switch magnetic
Generator mathematical model is hindered, then winding current will drastically decline until to zero to terminate the work of the first phase winding A;Other phases
The operating mode of winding is similar, and the second phase winding B excitation stages were the 4th switching tube V4 and the 5th switching tube V5 is closed conducting, hair
The electric stage is that the 5th diode D5 and the 6th diode D6 generate electricity for its afterflow;The third phase winding C excitation stages are first switch
Pipe V1 and third switching tube V3 is closed conducting, and power generating stage is that third diode D3 and the 4th diode D4 generate electricity for its afterflow;
4th phase winding D excitation stages were the 4th switching tube V4 and the 6th switching tube V6 is closed conducting, and power generating stage is the 6th diode
D6 and the 7th diode D7 generates electricity for its afterflow;First capacitor C1 plays the role of filtering and voltage support, energy storage, capacitance
Value can neither it is excessive can not be too small, since it is considered that by the 8th diode D8, the first inductance L1, the 7th switching tube V7, absorb
The normal work for change generating voltage circuit, that is, bleed-off circuit that device 1 forms, the first capacitor C1 both end voltages are generating voltage,
In the controls such as the MPPT of switch reluctance generator or maximal efficiency, according to switch reluctance generator mathematical model, when movement electricity
When kinetic potential is equal to generating voltage, the electric energy fan-out capability of switch reluctance generator is most strong at this time, and Based Motional Electromotive Force is wind turbine
The function of group rotating speed, and wind speed is variation often, so for variable-speed wind-power system, generating unit speed must also follow tune
It is whole, to cause the dynamic change characterization of Based Motional Electromotive Force, in order to improve base speed system generating capacity below, latest model at present
Controling parameter be exactly to regulate and control to generating voltage, the embodiment of the present invention just devises the change that several components as shown above are constituted
Generating voltage circuit, when the 7th switching tube V7 is closed conducting, the energy storage of the first capacitor C1 to the first inductance L1 transfers to
Its both ends generating voltage reduces, to be checked to measure after generating voltage reaches satisfied value or balance each other with Based Motional Electromotive Force, shutdown the
Seven switching tube V7, the at this time energy storage of the first inductance L1 are released via the 8th diode to absorber 1, and absorber 1 can be simple
Resistive load, can also be that energy storage equipment is such as used to help the first dynamic accumulator X1 of switch reluctance generator, may be used also
To be that other energy storage equipments are used for power supply needed for illumination etc.;In addition, bleed-off circuit is not merely for keeping Based Motional Electromotive Force and hair
The balance of piezoelectric voltage is in fact also unable to reach balance in certain extreme cases, still, according to switch reluctance generator mathematics
Model, although winding current will be flat-topped wave when generating voltage and Based Motional Electromotive Force balance, correspondingly, the tune of generating voltage
The trend that winding current can be changed in nature is saved, according to switch reluctance generator mathematical principle, when generating voltage is electronic less than moving
When gesture, power generating stage winding current will be in rising trend, otherwise is downward trend, naturally, in order to improve electric energy fan-out capability, especially
It is when the base speed of Wind turbines is following, it is undesirable to which winding current is on a declining curve in power generating stage, so passing through this reality
Apply the bleed-off circuit of example, reduce generating voltage value, reduce its difference between Based Motional Electromotive Force naturally, so as to improve around
Group current waveform trend, can at least reduce winding current downward trend, improve power generation fan-out capability and pulsation of current rate, from
And it is also helpful to the reduction of torque pulsation;Note that being always separated by stator in this 101 structure of the first unsteady flow main circuit (is not
It is adjacent) winding constitute one group and share a upper switch pipe, i.e. the first phase winding A and third phase winding C share first switch pipe
V1, the second phase winding B and the 4th phase winding D share the 4th switching tube V4;As for where second switch reluctance generator
Two unsteady flow main circuits 102, each component is identical as 101 operation principle of the first unsteady flow main circuit, and the correspondence of each component is:The
Nine the first diode of D9 pairs of diode D1, the second the first accumulator of X2 pairs of accumulator X1, the 5th the first phase winding A of M pairs of phase winding,
6th N pairs of phase winding the second phase winding B, the 7th phase winding P is to third phase winding C, the 8th the 4th phase winding D of Q pairs of phase winding, the
Eight switching tube V8 are to first switch pipe V1, and the 9th switching tube V9 is to second switch pipe V2, and the tenth switching tube V10 is to third switching tube
V3, the 11st V11 pairs of switching tube the 4th switching tube V4, the 12nd the 5th switching tube V5 of V12 pairs of switching tube, the 13rd switching tube
V13 couples of the 6th switching tube V6, the tenth D10 pairs of diode the second diode D2, the 11st diode D11 to third diode D3,
12nd D12 pairs of diode the 4th diode D4, the 13rd the 5th diode D5 of D13 pairs of diode, the 14th D14 pairs of diode
6th diode D6, the 15th D15 pairs of diode the 7th diode D7, the second the first capacitor of C2 pairs of capacitor C1, the 16th
Diode D16 couples of the 8th diode D8, the second the first inductance of L2 pairs of inductance L1, the 14th the 7th switching tube V7 of V14 pairs of switching tube,
Absorber 2 is to absorber 1.
First SPWM circuits 201 are identical with 202 structure of the 2nd SPWM circuits, their input terminal is respectively from the first unsteady flow
The generating voltage of main circuit 101 and the second unsteady flow main circuit 102 exports, their input is separately connected four winding transformer T's
Two identical windings of primary side;For the first SPWM circuits 201, when the 15th switching tube V15 is closed conducting, four around
The first winding of primary side N1 of group transformer T is powered, after the 15th switching tube V15 is disconnected, four winding transformer T primary sides first
The magnetic energy such as the leakage inductance of winding N1 are released via the 18th diode D18 to third capacitor C3, and are finally disappeared by first resistor R1
The design of consumption, the 17th diode D17 is electric energy reflux in order to prevent;It is also identical inside 2nd SPWM circuits 202, opposite first
SPWM circuits 201, sixteenmo close pipe V16 and correspond to the 15th switching tube V15, and the 19th diode D19 corresponds to the 17th
Pole pipe D17, the 20th diode D20 correspond to the 18th diode D18, and the 4th capacitor C4 corresponds to third capacitor C3, and second
Resistance R2 corresponds to first resistor R1;
The sixteenmo of 15th switching tube V15 of the first SPWM circuits 201 and the 2nd SPWM circuits 202 close pipe V16 this
Two switching tubes are the ON operation pattern that is alternately closed, and only when a upper switching tube be closed conducting section terminate and four around
It organizes next switching tube when transformer T secondary side multiturn number winding NS output end currents are down to zero and just initially enters closure conducting area
Between, in addition, each of which switching tube is closed in the section of conducting, SPWM modulating modes are all used, that is, are equivalent to unidirectional sine
Half-wave;And the alternative frequency of the 15th switching tube V15 and sixteenmo pass pipe V16 are controllable in working, at least intermediate frequency pattern
Range, or to high frequency;For the needs in response to switch reluctance generator system MPPT and Energy optimization control etc., the 15th switch
Pipe V15 and sixteenmo close pipe V16 SPWM duty cycle of switching can flexible modulation, to enhance whole system plyability,
The flexible controllability of many reference amounts, in addition, when two switch reluctance generator units i.e. two unsteady flow main circuit output generating voltages are poor
It is exported to follow-up transformation away from excessive large effect or when needing of rectification load end, can also pass through and adjust the 15th switching tube
V15 or sixteenmo close the duty ratio of pipe V16 to balance or meet pressure control requirement;The primary side of four winding transformer T
One winding N1 the number of turns is equal to primary side the second winding N2 the number of turns, and the number of turns of secondary side multiturn number winding NS is the first winding of primary side
Twice or more of N1 and second winding N2 the number of turns, ten times of highest, the number of turns that secondary side lacks the number of turns winding NC are then primary side first
The half of winding N1 and second winding N2 the number of turns, secondary side multiturn number winding NS polarity and secondary side lack the number of turns winding NC,
Primary side the first winding N1 polarity is identical, with primary side the second winding N2 polarity on the contrary, to ensure the first winding of primary side N1
Two windings of secondary side obtain alternating current when replacing charging work with the second winding N2, while two windings of secondary side also subtract as possible
Small mutual inductance mutual interference.
Rectifying output circuit 300 is conventional uncontrollable bridge-type single phase rectifier circuit, by the 21st diode D21, the
22 diode D22, the 23rd diode D23, the 24th diode D24 compositions, third inductance L3 and the 5th capacitance
Device C5 plays filter action, and the 5th capacitor C5 in fact contains an electrolytic capacitor and a non-electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel
Pattern, also cut down low-and high-frequency harmonic wave;Its direct current exported is the output of the entire converter system of the present invention.
The electric energy of first field circuit 401 and the second field circuit 402 comes from the change of the first unsteady flow main circuit 101 and second
It flows the output of main circuit 102 and is obtained after four winding transformer T isolation, the 17th switching tube of the first field circuit 401
V17, eighteenmo close pipe V18, the 19th switching tube V19, the 20th switching tube V20 and form single phase full bridge controlled rectifier,
21st switching tube V21 of the second field circuit 402, the 22nd switching tube V22, the 23rd switching tube V23, the 20th
Four switching tube V24 form second single phase full bridge controlled rectifier, and by adjusting each switching tube duty ratio, adjustable two are encouraged
The output excitation voltage of magnetic circuit becomes needed for the switch reluctance generator control of excitation and enhanced excitation to realize, for switch
The MPPT controls of reluctance generator wind power system provide new regulated variable (excitation voltage);The 4th inductance L4 in the middle, the 5th
Inductance L5, the 6th capacitor C6, the 7th capacitor C7 play filter action, while the 6th capacitor C6 and the 7th capacitor C7 are each
From being also to be composed in parallel by electrolytic capacitor and non-electrolytic capacitor, to cut down low-and high-frequency harmonic wave.
All switching tubes being previously mentioned in the present embodiment are full-control type power electronic switching device, such as IGBT, electric power
MOSFET, GTR, GT0, IGCT, including novel gallium nitride, silicon-carbide series commercial device;Although the unsteady flow master of the present embodiment
Circuit is only applicable to the switch reluctance generator of even number phase winding, but is selecting conventional existing adaptation Odd number phase winding
Unsteady flow main circuit on the basis of, due to remaining structure and principle of adjustment and control it is identical as the present embodiment under can normal identical regulation and control
Work, so still belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. becoming generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, by the first unsteady flow main circuit, the second unsteady flow master
Circuit, the first SPWM circuits, the 2nd SPWM circuits, four winding transformers, rectifying output circuit, the first field circuit, second are encouraged
Magnetic circuit forms, and technical characteristic is that the first unsteady flow main circuit output both ends connect the first SPWM circuits input two
End, the first unsteady flow main circuit input both ends and connect the first field circuit output both ends, the second unsteady flow main circuit output
Both ends connect the 2nd SPWM circuits and input both ends, and it is defeated that the second unsteady flow main circuit inputs both ends connection second field circuit
Go out both ends, it is primary that the first SPWM circuit outputs both ends and the 2nd SPWM circuit outputs both ends are separately connected four winding transformer
The respective both ends of the double winding of side, the input both ends of the rectifying output circuit connect two sets of four winding transformer secondary side around
Multiturn number winding both ends in group, another set of winding are that the number of turns winding both ends connect the first field circuit and the second field circuit less
Input both ends;
First unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of First switch reluctance generator, by the first accumulator, first
Diode, the second diode, third diode, the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode, the 8th
Diode, first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube, the 4th switching tube, the 5th switching tube, the 6th switching tube, the 7th
Switching tube, the first phase winding, the second phase winding, third phase winding, the 4th phase winding, the first capacitor, the first inductance, absorber
1 composition, technical characteristic are that first battery positive voltage connects first diode anode, and the first battery terminal negative connects
It is cloudy to connect the second switch tube cathode, the third diode anode, third switch tube cathode, the 5th switching tube
Pole, the 6th diode anode, the 6th switch tube cathode, first capacitor anode, the 8th diode sun
Pole, first inductance one end, and negative pole end is output and input as the first unsteady flow main circuit, the first diode cathode connects institute
First switch tube anode, the 4th switch tube anode are stated, and positive terminal, first switch pipe are inputted as the first unsteady flow main circuit
Cathode connects the third diode cathode, first phase winding one end, third phase winding one end, and the first phase winding is another
One end connects second diode anode and the second switch tube anode, third phase winding other end connection the described 4th 2
Pole pipe anode and the third switch tube anode, and the 4th switch tube cathode connects the 6th diode cathode, second phase
Winding one end, described 4th phase winding one end, the second phase winding other end connect the 5th diode anode and the described 5th
Switch tube anode, the 4th phase winding other end connection the 7th diode anode and the 6th switch tube anode, the two or two
Pole pipe cathode, the 4th diode cathode, the 5th diode cathode, the 7th diode cathode connection, and with the first capacitor anode,
The 7th switch tube anode connection, is also used as the first unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 7th switch tube cathode and the suction
1 one end of device, the connection of the first inductance other end are received, 1 other end of absorber is connect with the 8th diode cathode;First phase winding,
Two-phase winding, third phase winding, the 4th phase winding are arranged in First switch reluctance generator stator four to convex respectively in order
On extremely;
Second unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of second switch reluctance generator, by the second accumulator, the 9th
Diode, the tenth diode, the 11st diode, the 12nd diode, the 13rd diode, the 14th diode, the 15th
Diode, the 16th diode, the 8th switching tube, the 9th switching tube, the tenth switching tube, the 11st switching tube, the 12nd switch
Pipe, the 13rd switching tube, the 14th switching tube, the 5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase winding, the 8th phase winding, second
Capacitor, the second inductance, absorber 2 form, and technical characteristic is that second battery positive voltage connects the 9th diode
Anode, the second battery terminal negative connection the 9th switch tube cathode, the 11st diode anode, the tenth switching tube
Cathode, the 12nd switch tube cathode, the 14th diode anode, the 13rd switch tube cathode, described second
Capacitor anode, the 16th diode anode, second inductance one end, and as the second unsteady flow main circuit input and it is defeated
Go out negative pole end, the 9th diode cathode connection the 8th switch tube anode, the described 11st switch tube anode, and as second
Unsteady flow main circuit inputs positive terminal, and the 8th switch tube cathode connects the 11st diode cathode, the 5th phase winding one
End, described 7th phase winding one end, the 5th phase winding other end connect the tenth diode anode and the 9th switching tube
Anode, the 7th phase winding other end connect the 12nd diode anode and the tenth switch tube anode, the 11st switch
Tube cathode connects the 14th diode cathode, described 6th phase winding one end, described 8th phase winding one end, the 6th phase around
The group other end connects the 13rd diode anode and the 12nd switch tube anode, and the 8th phase winding other end connects institute
State the 15th diode anode and the 13rd switch tube anode, the tenth diode cathode, the 12nd diode cathode, the tenth
Three diode cathodes, the connection of the 15th diode cathode, and connect with the second capacitor anode, the 14th switch tube anode
It connects, is also used as the second unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 14th switch tube cathode and 2 one end of the absorber, the second inductance
The other end connects, and 2 other end of absorber is connect with the 16th diode cathode;5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase around
Group, the 8th phase winding are arranged in second switch reluctance generator stator four on salient pole respectively in order;
First SPWM circuits are by the 17th diode, first resistor, third capacitor, the 18th diode, the 15th switching tube
Composition, technical characteristic are that the 17th diode anode is that the first SPWM circuits input positive terminal, and the 17th diode is cloudy
Pole connects described first resistor one end and third capacitor one end, and as the first SPWM circuit output positive terminals, described
18th diode cathode connects the first resistor other end and the third capacitor other end, described in the connection of the 18th diode anode
15th switch tube anode, and as the first SPWM circuit output negative pole ends, the 15th switch tube cathode is as the first SPWM electricity
Road inputs negative pole end;
2nd SPWM circuits close pipe by the 19th diode, second resistance, the 4th capacitor, the 20th diode, sixteenmo
Composition, technical characteristic are that the 19th diode anode is that the 2nd SPWM circuits input positive terminal, and the 19th diode is cloudy
Pole connects described second resistance one end and described 4th capacitor one end, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output positive terminals, described
20th diode cathode connects the second resistance other end and the 4th capacitor other end, described in the connection of the 20th diode anode
Sixteenmo closes tube anode, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output negative pole ends, and sixteenmo closes tube cathode as the 2nd SPWM electricity
Road inputs negative pole end;
Four winding transformers lack the number of turns by the first winding of primary side, the second winding of primary side, secondary side multiturn number winding, secondary side
Winding forms, and technical characteristic is that the first winding of the primary side is identical with the second winding of the primary side, they are respectively
The number of turns be the secondary side multiturn number winding half to 1/10th, the number of turns that the secondary side lacks the number of turns winding is small
In the second umber of turn of the first winding of primary side and primary side, the first winding polarity of primary side and secondary side multiturn number winding polarity
It is identical, secondary side multiturn number winding polarity and the second winding polarity of primary side on the contrary, secondary side lack the number of turns winding polarity with it is primary
The first winding polarity of side is identical;The first winding of primary side both ends connect the first SPWM circuit outputs both ends, the second winding of primary side
Both ends connect the 2nd SPWM circuit outputs both ends, secondary side multiturn number winding both ends as rectifying output circuit input both ends, two
Lack the number of turns winding both ends and respectively input both ends as the first field circuit and the second field circuit in secondary side;
Rectifying output circuit is by the 21st diode, the 22nd diode, the 23rd diode, the 24th pole
Pipe, third inductance, the 5th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 21st diode anode connections the described 20th
Three diode cathodes and four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding one end, described in the 22nd diode anode connection
24th diode cathode and the four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding other ends, the 21st diode cathode and
22 diode cathodes connect, and are connected with third inductance one end, the third inductance other end and the 5th capacitor
Anode connects and is also entire change generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high voltage variable of the invention as rectifying output circuit
The output cathode end of streaming system, the 23rd diode anode, the 24th diode anode, the connection of the 5th capacitor anode,
And as rectifying output circuit it is also of the invention entire to become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system
Output negative pole end;
First field circuit closes pipe, the 19th switching tube, the 20th switching tube, the 4th electricity by the 17th switching tube, eighteenmo
Sense, the 6th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are that the 17th switch tube anode switchs tube cathode with the described 19th and connects
It connects, and lacks the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the eighteenmo closes tube anode and described second
Ten switch tube cathode connections, and lack the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 17th switching tube is cloudy
Pole is closed tube cathode with eighteenmo and is connect, and is connect with described 4th inductance one end, the 4th inductance other end connection the described 6th
Capacitor anode and as the first field circuit output cathode end, the 19th switch tube anode switch tube anode and the with the 20th
Six capacitor anodes connect, and as the first field circuit output negative pole end;
Second field circuit is by the 21st switching tube, the 22nd switching tube, the 23rd switching tube, the 24th switch
Pipe, the 5th inductance, the 7th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 21st switch tube anodes and the described 23rd
Tube cathode connection is switched, and lacks the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 22nd switching tube
Anode is connect with the 24th switch tube cathode, and is lacked the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connected
It connects, the 21st switch tube cathode is connect with the 22nd switch tube cathode, and is connect with described 5th inductance one end, the 5th electricity
Feel the other end and connects the 7th capacitor anode and as the second field circuit output cathode end, the 23rd switch tube anode
It is connect with the 24th switch tube anode and the 7th capacitor anode, and as the second field circuit output negative pole end.
2. the regulation and control method according to claim 1 for becoming generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system
For:
In first unsteady flow main circuit, according to switch reluctance generator operation logic, when according to rotor-position the first phase winding work of need
When making, first switch pipe and second switch pipe are closed conducting, and the electric energy of the first field circuit output is the first phase winding excitation, is waited for
When according to rotor-position and winding current requiring that excitation need to be terminated, first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the second diode are disconnected
Access is provided with third diode for the first phase winding afterflow to generate electricity output, when the 4th phase winding need to devote oneself to work, the 4th
Switching tube and the 6th switching tube are closed conducting excitation, after disconnect the 4th switching tube and the 6th switching tube enters the 6th diode
The afterflow that the 4th phase winding is provided with the 7th diode generates electricity output, each phase in other phase windings and the second unsteady flow main circuit around
Group it is also identical, by respectively connect switching tube excitation, diode continuousing flow generate electricity;The effect of first accumulator and the second accumulator is
Respective switch reluctance generator start start when, that is, each field circuit cannot still provide field power supply when be used for providing initially encouraging
Magneto-electric energy;
The needs that the control of electric energy fan-out capability is improved according to switch reluctance generator reduce the first unsteady flow main circuit when needing to adjust
When output end generating voltage, it is closed the 7th switching tube, the first capacitor electric energy shifts energy storage to the first inductance, to the first capacitance
Device both end voltage, that is, generating voltage reduces, and the magnetic energy of the first inductance storage is after the disconnection of the 7th switching tube, via the 8th diode
Afterflow is absorbed by absorber 1, and absorber 1 is electrical storage device or energy-consuming device;The switch reluctance generator of second unsteady flow main circuit
When needing to reduce its generating voltage in control, control process is identical, is closed the 14th switching tube and stores the second capacitor electric energy
To the second inductance, generating voltage is reduced, after the 14th switching tube disconnects, the second inductive energy storage is via the 16th diode to absorption
The transfer of device 2 storage or consumption;
Inside first SPWM circuits, when the 15th switching tube, which is closed, to be connected, the first winding of primary side of four winding transformers is logical
Electricity, after the 15th switching tube disconnects, the magnetic energy such as leakage inductance of four the first windings of winding transformer primary side are via the 18th diode
It releases to third capacitor, and is finally consumed by first resistor;Also identical inside 2nd SPWM circuits, sixteenmo closes pipe and is closed
Four the second windings of winding transformer primary side are powered after conducting, and sixteenmo closes the 4th capacitor and second resistance pair after pipe disconnects
Leakage inductance magnetic energy is released;
15th switching tube of the first SPWM circuits and the sixteenmo of the 2nd SPWM circuits, which close, manages the two switching tubes as alternating
It is closed ON operation pattern, and only conducting section is terminated and four winding transformer secondary sides are more when a upper switching tube is closed
The number of turns winding output end current when being down to zero next switching tube just initially enter closure conducting section, in addition, each of which
Switching tube is closed in the section of conducting, is all used SPWM modulating modes, that is, is equivalent to unidirectional half-sinusoid;
The electric energy of first field circuit and the second field circuit comes from the defeated of the first unsteady flow main circuit and the second unsteady flow main circuit
Go out and obtained after the isolation of four winding transformers, the 17th switching tube of the first field circuit, eighteenmo pass is managed, the 19th opens
Guan Guan, the 20th switching tube form unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, the 21st switching tube of the second field circuit, the 20th
Two switching tubes, the 23rd switching tube, the 24th switching tube form second unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, pass through adjusting
The output excitation voltage of two field circuits is adjusted in each switching tube duty ratio, becomes opening for excitation and enhanced excitation to realize
It closes needed for reluctance generator control.
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