CN108462419B - Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system - Google Patents
Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108462419B CN108462419B CN201810242666.6A CN201810242666A CN108462419B CN 108462419 B CN108462419 B CN 108462419B CN 201810242666 A CN201810242666 A CN 201810242666A CN 108462419 B CN108462419 B CN 108462419B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
Abstract
Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, by the unsteady flow main circuit of two switch reluctance generators, two SPWM circuits, two excitation circuits, one four winding transformer, one rectifying output circuit composition, two Wind turbines share a transformer and unsteady flow output circuit, structure is simplified, two SPWM circuits are using alternating and duty cycle adjustment work, it has adapted to different Wind turbines and has exported different generating voltage values, each section shares a transformer and accomplishes mutually isolated and be released effectively leakage inductance and protection, complete set structure is simply at low cost, adaptability under Reasonable Regulation And Control, flexibility, controllability is strong, suitable for multicomputer wind power generation field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind electric converter fields, and in particular to a kind of to use switched reluctance machines as variable speed wind generating
Machine, based on become the lower biswitch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator unit of generating voltage control integrate unsteady flow and high voltage direct current exports it is low at
Originally, the converter system of high reliability and its regulation method.
Background technique
Switched reluctance machines structure simple rigid, manufacturing cost is cheap, without winding, without permanent magnet on rotor, high reliablity,
It has broad application prospects.
Direct current transportation in recent years is increasingly subject to the attention of power department, and just tool is young in some areas for the DC grid of local
Thus shape, high pressure, super-pressure, extra-high voltage direct-current transmission and grid-connected also in development, has also derived more and more load equipments
Directly adopt DC power supply power supply.
Switch reluctance generator is generally placed on stator by 2-5 phase winding, according to salient pole between rotor and groove
Relative position determines that the phase winding being powered, every phase winding are generally divided into excitation and two big stages of power generation when working, and the excitation stage is
Motor phase windings absorb the electric energy storage magnetic energy of external field power supply, subsequent to terminate the excitation stage according to rotor relative stator position
Into power generating stage, the magnetic energy stored in phase winding is converted into power output.
The excitation of switch reluctance generator, power generation will be controlled around the operation for the convertor circuit for connecting its winding and be realized,
There is no winding convertor circuit, switch reluctance generator is naturally without in all senses.
It is preferably high reliablity, simple structure, convenient control, otherwise winding convertor circuit event in the design of winding convertor circuit
Barrier means that this generating set will stop power generation operation completely, very crucial;It is considered under most occasions simultaneously to outlet side
The demand of high voltage, if it is possible to realize the function of boosting in winding convertor circuit, then certainly will have very much practical significance.
Conventional switch reluctance generator converter system is usually that every generator individually corresponds to a set of converter system, if
Two or more switch reluctance generator units share a set of converter system, not yet occur at present, also unrealistic.
The unrealistic reason of a set of converter system is shared based on above-indicated more switch reluctance generator units, one
Then under wind-powered electricity generation operating condition, wind speed, revolving speed that different units face etc. can be variant, so that respectively the parameters such as output power, voltage are deposited
In the possibility of difference;In addition, generally requiring to carry out maximum work under wind-powered electricity generation operating condition according to the electromagnetic theory of switch reluctance generator
Rate point tracks (MPPT) control, and to obtain maximum power output, and a kind of control strategy is exactly to control output voltage to generate electricity electricity
Pressure dynamically with Based Motional Electromotive Force keep balance (or individually reduce generating voltage so that power generating stage winding current downward trend
Slow down or rise, to enhance power output ability), so that winding current is flat-topped wave, the ability for exporting electric energy is maximum,
Be conducive to the improvement to torque pulsation, and Based Motional Electromotive Force random groups revolving speed and change, make naturally in different unit allocations
Respective generating voltage in response to maximum power output needs and according to may different Based Motional Electromotive Forces and follow adjustment, this
It causes the generating voltage of the respective output end of different units different, brings obstacle to share a set of converter system.
The stability of the field power supply of switch reluctance generator, separate excitation type is good, the voltage and current fluctuation of traditional self-excitation type
Larger, this is also the third factor for causing different unit generation voltage differences;In order to reduce interference, often field power supply end applies
Isolation link;In general, in power generation outlet side, no matter it is directly output to DC load or is incorporated to DC grid, reliability
Under it is required that, it is also desirable to electromagnetic isolation link;Electrical between two units if if two unit converter systems capable of being combined
Wiring is necessarily also required to be isolated;Based on the above as it can be seen that excessive transformer uses, cost and loss certainly will be increased.
In the MPPT and Energy optimization control of switch reluctance generator, the generating voltage or hair to output end are generally required
Electric current is controlled, and the complexity of switching tube quantity and control is increased, if can establish in other function design basis
It kills two birds with one stone simultaneously and completes multifunction control, then must have development prospect, including unsteady flow system under the premise of meeting reliability
Electromagnetic isolation link of system etc..
Summary of the invention
According to above background technique, present invention proposes two switch reluctance generators of one kind to share a set of unsteady flow system
System realizes that the structure of high voltage output is simple, high reliablity at low cost, single phase transformer, and it is adjustable to adapt to respective generating voltage
Converter system structure, and the regulation method of whole switching tube.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Become generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, by the first unsteady flow main circuit, the second unsteady flow
Main circuit, the first SPWM circuit, the 2nd SPWM circuit, four winding transformers, rectifying output circuit, the first excitation circuit, second
Excitation circuit composition, technical characteristic are that the first unsteady flow main circuit output both ends connect the first SPWM circuit input
Both ends, the first unsteady flow main circuit input both ends and connect the first excitation circuit output both ends, and the second unsteady flow main circuit is defeated
Both ends connect the 2nd SPWM circuit and input both ends out, and the second unsteady flow main circuit inputs both ends and connects second excitation circuit
Both ends are exported, the first SPWM circuit output both ends and the 2nd SPWM circuit output both ends are separately connected four winding transformer one
The input both ends at the respective both ends of the double winding of secondary side, the rectifying output circuit connect two sets of four winding transformer secondary side
Multiturn number winding both ends in winding, i.e. the number of turns winding both ends connect the first excitation circuit and the second excitation circuit to another set of winding less
Input both ends;
First unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of First switch reluctance generator, by the first battery,
First diode, the second diode, third diode, the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode,
8th diode, first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube, the 4th switching tube, the 5th switching tube, the 6th switching tube,
7th switching tube, the second phase winding, third phase winding, the 4th phase winding, first capacitor device, the first inductance, is inhaled the first phase winding
It receives device 1 to form, technical characteristic is that first battery positive voltage connects the first diode anode, the first storage battery negative
Pole connects the second switch tube cathode, the third diode anode, the third and switchs tube cathode, the 5th switching tube
Cathode, the 6th diode anode, the 6th the switch tube cathode, the first capacitor device cathode, the 8th diode
Anode, first inductance one end, and negative pole end, the connection of first diode cathode are output and input as the first unsteady flow main circuit
The first switch tube anode, the 4th switch tube anode, and positive terminal, first switch are inputted as the first unsteady flow main circuit
Tube cathode connects the third diode cathode, first phase winding one end, third phase winding one end, the first phase winding
The other end connects second diode anode and the second switch tube anode, third phase winding other end connection the described 4th
Diode anode and the third switch tube anode, and the 4th switch tube cathode connects the 6th diode cathode, described second
Phase winding one end, described 4th phase winding one end, the second phase winding other end connect the 5th diode anode and described the
Five switch tube anodes, the 4th phase winding other end connection the 7th diode anode and the 6th switch tube anode, second
Diode cathode, the 4th diode cathode, the 5th diode cathode, the connection of the 7th diode cathode, and just with first capacitor device
Pole, it is described 7th switch tube anode connection, also be used as the first unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 7th switch tube cathode with it is described
1 one end of absorber, the connection of the first inductance other end, 1 other end of absorber are connect with the 8th diode cathode;First phase winding,
Second phase winding, third phase winding, that the 4th phase winding is arranged in First switch reluctance generator stator four respectively in order is right
On salient pole;
Second unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of second switch reluctance generator, by the second battery,
9th diode, the tenth diode, the 11st diode, the 12nd diode, the 13rd diode, the 14th diode,
15 diodes, the 16th diode, the 8th switching tube, the 9th switching tube, the tenth switching tube, the 11st switching tube, the 12nd
Switching tube, the 13rd switching tube, the 14th switching tube, the 5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase winding, the 8th phase winding,
Second capacitor, the second inductance, absorber 2 form, and technical characteristic is the second battery positive voltage connection the described 9th 2
Pole pipe anode, the second battery terminal negative connection the 9th switch tube cathode, the 11st diode anode, the described tenth open
Close tube cathode, the 12nd switch tube cathode, the 14th diode anode, the 13rd switch tube cathode, described
Second capacitor anode, the 16th diode anode, second inductance one end, and inputted as the second unsteady flow main circuit
With output negative pole end, the 9th diode cathode connection the 8th switch tube anode, the 11st switch tube anode, and conduct
Second unsteady flow main circuit inputs positive terminal, the 8th switch tube cathode connect the 11st diode cathode, the 5th phase around
Group one end, described 7th phase winding one end, the 5th phase winding other end connect the tenth diode anode and the described 9th and open
Pass tube anode, the 7th phase winding other end connection the 12nd diode anode and the tenth switch tube anode, the 11st
Switch tube cathode connection the 14th diode cathode, described 6th phase winding one end, described 8th phase winding one end, the 6th
The phase winding other end connects the 13rd diode anode and the 12nd switch tube anode, and the 8th phase winding other end connects
Connect the 15th diode anode and it is described 13rd switch tube anode, the tenth diode cathode, the 12nd diode cathode,
13rd diode cathode, the connection of the 15th diode cathode, and tube anode is switched with the second capacitor anode, the described 14th
Connection is also used as the second unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 14th switch tube cathode and described 2 one end of absorber, the second electricity
Feel other end connection, 2 other end of absorber is connect with the 16th diode cathode;5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase
Winding, the 8th phase winding are arranged in second switch reluctance generator stator four on salient pole respectively in order;
First SPWM circuit is opened by the 17th diode, first resistor, third capacitor, the 18th diode, the 15th
Guan Zucheng is closed, technical characteristic is that the 17th diode anode is that the first SPWM circuit inputs positive terminal, the 17th pole
Tube cathode connects described first resistor one end and third capacitor one end, and as the first SPWM circuit output positive terminal,
The 18th diode cathode connection first resistor other end and the third capacitor other end, the connection of the 18th diode anode
The 15th switch tube anode, and as the first SPWM circuit output negative pole end, the 15th switch tube cathode is as first
SPWM circuit inputs negative pole end;
2nd SPWM circuit is by the 19th diode, second resistance, the 4th capacitor, the 20th diode, sixteenmo
Guan Zucheng is closed, technical characteristic is that the 19th diode anode is that the 2nd SPWM circuit inputs positive terminal, the 19th pole
Tube cathode connects described second resistance one end and described 4th capacitor one end, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output positive terminal,
The 20th diode cathode connection second resistance other end and the 4th capacitor other end, the connection of the 20th diode anode
The sixteenmo closes tube anode, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output negative pole end, sixteenmo closes tube cathode as second
SPWM circuit inputs negative pole end;
Four winding transformers are few by the first winding of primary side, the second winding of primary side, secondary side multiturn number winding, secondary side
The number of turns winding composition, technical characteristic is that first winding of primary side is identical with second winding of primary side, they
Respective the number of turns is the half of the secondary side multiturn number winding to 1/10th, and the secondary side lacks the circle of the number of turns winding
Number is less than the second umber of turn of the first winding of primary side and primary side, the first winding polarity of primary side and secondary side multiturn number winding
Polarity is identical, secondary side multiturn number winding polarity and the second winding polarity of primary side on the contrary, secondary side lack the number of turns winding polarity with
The first winding polarity of primary side is identical;Primary side the first winding both ends connect the first SPWM circuit output both ends, primary side second
Winding both ends connect the 2nd SPWM circuit output both ends, and secondary side multiturn number winding both ends are as rectifying output circuit input two
End, secondary side lack the number of turns winding both ends as the first excitation circuit and the second excitation circuit and respectively input both ends;
Rectifying output circuit is by the 21st diode, the 22nd diode, the 23rd diode, the 24th
Pole pipe, third inductance, the 5th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 21st diode anode connections described second
13 diode cathodes and four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding one end, the 22nd diode anode connect institute
State the 24th diode cathode and the four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding other ends, the 21st diode cathode and
The connection of 22nd diode cathode, and connected with third inductance one end, the third inductance other end and the 5th capacitor
Device anode connects and is also entire change generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure of the invention as rectifying output circuit
The output cathode end of converter system, the 23rd diode anode, the 24th diode anode, the 5th capacitor anode connect
It connects, and is also entire change generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system of the invention as rectifying output circuit
Output negative pole end;
First excitation circuit closes pipe, the 19th switching tube, the 20th switching tube, the by the 17th switching tube, eighteenmo
Four inductance, the 6th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 17th switch tube anode and the 19th switch tube cathode
Connection, and lack the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the eighteenmo pass tube anode and described the
20 switch tube cathode connections, and lack the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 17th switching tube
Cathode and eighteenmo close tube cathode and connects, and connect with described 4th inductance one end, and the 4th inductance other end connects described the
Six capacitor anodes and as the first excitation circuit output cathode end, the 19th switch tube anode with the 20th switch tube anode and
The connection of 6th capacitor anode, and as the first excitation circuit output negative pole end;
Second excitation circuit is by the 21st switching tube, the 22nd switching tube, the 23rd switching tube, 24-carat gold
Guan Guan, the 5th inductance, the 7th capacitor composition, technical characteristic are the 21st switch tube anodes and the described 20th
Three switch tube cathode connections, and lack the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 22nd switch
Tube anode is connect with the 24th switch tube cathode, and is lacked the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connected
It connects, the 21st switch tube cathode is connect with the 22nd switch tube cathode, and is connect with described 5th inductance one end, the 5th electricity
Feel the other end and connects the 7th capacitor anode and as the second excitation circuit output cathode end, the 23rd switch tube anode
It is connect with the 24th switch tube anode and the 7th capacitor anode, and as the second excitation circuit output negative pole end;
The regulation method of present invention change generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system are as follows:
In first unsteady flow main circuit, according to switch reluctance generator operation logic, when according to rotor-position need the first phase around
When group work, first switch tube and second switch closure conducting, the electric energy of the first excitation circuit output is that the first phase winding is encouraged
Magnetic, when according to rotor-position and winding current requiring that excitation need to be terminated, disconnection first switch tube and second switch, the two or two
Pole pipe and third diode provide access for the first phase winding afterflow and generate electricity output, when the 4th phase winding need to devote oneself to work,
4th switching tube and the 6th switching tube closure conducting excitation, after disconnect the 4th switching tube and the 6th switching tube and enter the six or two
The afterflow that pole pipe and the 7th diode provide the 4th phase winding, which generates electricity, to be exported, each in other phase windings and the second unsteady flow main circuit
Phase winding is also identical, by respectively connect switching tube excitation, diode continuousing flow generate electricity;The work of first battery and the second battery
Be respective switch reluctance generator start start when i.e. each excitation circuit cannot still provide field power supply when be used to provide just
Beginning excitation electric energy;
The needs that power output capability control is improved according to switch reluctance generator reduce the first unsteady flow master when needing to adjust
When circuit output end generating voltage, it is closed the 7th switching tube, first capacitor device electric energy shifts energy storage to the first inductance, thus first
Capacitor voltage at both ends, that is, generating voltage reduces, and the magnetic energy of the first inductance storage is after the disconnection of the 7th switching tube, via the eight or two
Pole pipe afterflow is absorbed by absorber 1, and absorber 1 is electrical storage device or energy-consuming device;The switching magnetic-resistance of second unsteady flow main circuit is sent out
When needing to reduce its generating voltage in motor control, control process is identical, is closed the 14th switching tube for the second capacitor electric energy
Storage reduces generating voltage to the second inductance, after the 14th switching tube disconnects, the second inductive energy storage via the 16th diode to
The transfer of absorber 2 storage or consumption;
Inside first SPWM circuit, when the 15th switching tube, which is closed, to be connected, the primary sides first of four winding transformers around
Group is powered, and after the 15th switching tube disconnects, the magnetic energy such as leakage inductance of four the first windings of winding transformer primary side are via the 18th
Pole pipe is released to third capacitor, and is finally consumed by first resistor;Also identical inside 2nd SPWM circuit, sixteenmo closes pipe
Four the second windings of winding transformer primary side are powered after closure conducting, and sixteenmo closes the 4th capacitor and the second electricity after pipe disconnects
Resistance releases to leakage inductance magnetic energy;
15th switching tube of the first SPWM circuit and the sixteenmo pass of the 2nd SPWM circuit manage the two switching tubes and are
It is alternately closed ON operation mode, and only when upper switching tube closure conducting section terminates and four winding transformers are secondary
Side multiturn number winding output end current when being down to zero next switching tube just initially enter closure conducting section, in addition, they are every
In the section of one switching tube closure conducting, SPWM modulating mode is all used, that is, is equivalent to unidirectional half-sinusoid;
The electric energy of first excitation circuit and the second excitation circuit is from the first unsteady flow main circuit and the second unsteady flow main circuit
Output and obtained after the isolation of four winding transformers, the 17th switching tube of the first excitation circuit, eighteenmo close pipe, the tenth
Nine switching tubes, the 20th switching tube form unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, the 21st switching tube of the second excitation circuit, the
22 switching tubes, the 23rd switching tube, the 24th switching tube form second unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, pass through
Each switching tube duty ratio is adjusted, the output excitation voltage of two excitation circuits is adjusted, becomes excitation and enhanced excitation to realize
Switch reluctance generator control needed for.
Technical effect of the invention mainly has:
(1) structure of current transformer of the present invention, two switch reluctance generator units share a set of boosting and converter plant, section
Hardware cost is saved.
(2) structure of the invention has greatly adapted to two switch reluctance generators i.e. the first unsteady flow main circuit and the second change
The unequal occasion of output generating voltage of main circuit is flowed, this especially becomes very common under generating voltage control under wind-powered electricity generation operating condition
The case where (so conventional be all often every unit converter system independent before final output), expand wind-powered electricity generation and answer
Applicable surface.
(3) use a transformer, realize output end boosting and isolation, biswitch reluctance generator unsteady flow main circuit it
Between isolation and field power supply and other parts be isolated, volume weight and cost are greatly saved, especially in transformer
When medium-high frequency works.
(4) under structure of the invention, self-excitation power supply, that is, each excitation circuit input terminal and other parts are in isolation, no
Excitation voltage and mutual between them can be caused because of self-excitation adjustment or generating voltage adjustment or the variation of rectification output loading end
Interference, stability is good, and the adjustable output of excitation circuit, and excitation voltage can be used as a variable and participate in system control, flexibility
It is good.
The design of bleed-off circuit in (5) the first SPWM circuits and the 2nd SPWM circuit, for release four winding transformers leakage
Feel magnetic energy, the controllability and reliability for improving transformer provide guarantee.
When the number of turns of (6) four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number windings is significantly greater than its primary side umber of turn, entirely
Converter system will obtain apparent DC voltage and rise to, and high voltage direct current is grid-connected or the needs of high voltage direct current load to adapt to, in addition
As above described in the transformer, an arrow is carved more.
Respective switching tube in (7) the first SPWM circuits and the 2nd SPWM circuit (the 15th switching tube and sixteenmo close pipe)
Alternation switch work, completed when one of switching tube is fully disconnected power cut-off and secondary side multiturn number winding afterflow
Afterwards, another switching tube is devoted oneself to work open-minded again, avoids the control difficulty that coupling between two windings brings transformer.
(8) the 15th switching tubes and sixteenmo close in pipe work and use single-phase half-wave SPWM modulating mode, alleviate defeated
Electric energy filters pressure out, improves power quality, while can participate in switching magnetic-resistance by the adjusting of duty ratio in its SPWM, depth
In the MPPT control of wind powered generator system and Energy optimization control and output end control, regulation variable is increased, to increase
The strong controllability and flexibility of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show the present invention and becomes generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system structure chart.
Specific embodiment
Two switch reluctance generators of the present embodiment are four phase windings, are respectively A/ by the sequence being distributed on stator
Tetra- phase winding of B/C/D and M/N/P/Q, as shown in Fig. 1.
Attached drawing 1 show the present embodiment and becomes generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system circuit structure
Figure, the first unsteady flow main circuit 101 is identical with 102 internal structure of the second unsteady flow main circuit, and selected component is identical,
Working principle is identical, opposite according to the switch reluctance generator rotor detected by taking the first unsteady flow main circuit 101 as an example
The location information of stator, it is assumed that the first phase winding A needs are devoted oneself to work, then first switch tube V1 and second switch V2 closure is led
Logical, it (is to be stored by first when the switch reluctance generator is dynamic that the electric energy of the first excitation circuit output is provided to the first phase winding A
Battery X1 is provided via first diode D1) electric energy needed for excitation, into the excitation stage, to according to rotor-position and winding current
Information needs to turn off the magnetic energy stored in first switch tube V1 and second switch V2, the first phase winding A via the second diode
D2 and third diode D3 provides afterflow power generation access and exports outward, this is power generating stage, and output end voltage is the electricity that generates electricity
Pressure, according to switch reluctance generator model, wait reach certain rotor-position (stator where rotor with salient pole center line and the phase winding
Groove center line overlapping positions) when, since rotor air gap is maximum at this time, magnetic resistance is maximum, and winding inductance is minimum, according to switch magnetic
Generator mathematical model is hindered, then winding current will sharply decline until terminating the work of the first phase winding A to zero;Other phases
The operating mode of winding is similar, and the second phase winding B excitation stage was the 4th switching tube V4 and the 5th switching tube V5 closure conducting, hair
The electric stage is that the 5th diode D5 and the 6th diode D6 generate electricity for its afterflow;The third phase winding C excitation stage is first switch
Pipe V1 and third switching tube V3 closure conducting, power generating stage are that third diode D3 and the 4th diode D4 generate electricity for its afterflow;
4th phase winding D excitation stage was the 4th switching tube V4 and the 6th switching tube V6 closure conducting, and power generating stage is the 6th diode
D6 and the 7th diode D7 is its afterflow power generation;First capacitor device C1 plays the role of filtering and voltage support, energy storage, capacitor
Value can neither it is excessive can not be too small, since it is considered that by the 8th diode D8, the first inductance L1, the 7th switching tube V7, absorb
Change generating voltage circuit, that is, bleed-off circuit normal work that device 1 forms, first capacitor device C1 both end voltage is generating voltage,
In the control such as the MPPT of switch reluctance generator or maximal efficiency, according to switch reluctance generator mathematical model, when movement electricity
When kinetic potential is equal to generating voltage, the power output ability of switch reluctance generator is most strong at this time, and Based Motional Electromotive Force is wind turbine
The function of group revolving speed, and wind speed is variation often, so generating unit speed must also follow tune for variable-speed wind-power system
It is whole, to cause the dynamic change characterization of Based Motional Electromotive Force, in order to improve base speed system generating capacity below, latest model at present
Controling parameter be exactly to regulate and control to generating voltage, the embodiment of the present invention just devises the change that several components as shown above are constituted
Generating voltage circuit, when the 7th switching tube V7, which is closed, to be connected, the energy storage of first capacitor device C1 to the first inductance L1 transfer to
Its both ends generating voltage reduces, to be checked to measure after generating voltage reaches satisfied value or balance each other with Based Motional Electromotive Force, shutdown the
Seven switching tube V7, the energy storage of the first inductance L1 is released via the 8th diode to absorber 1 at this time, and absorber 1 can be simply
Resistive load, be also possible to energy storage equipment and be such as used to help the first dynamic battery X1 of switch reluctance generator, may be used also
To be other energy storage equipments for power supply needed for illumination etc.;In addition, bleed-off circuit is not merely for keeping Based Motional Electromotive Force and hair
The balance of piezoelectric voltage is in fact also unable to reach balance in certain extreme cases, still, according to switch reluctance generator mathematics
Model, although winding current will be flat-topped wave when generating voltage and Based Motional Electromotive Force balance, correspondingly, the tune of generating voltage
Saving nature can be changed the trend of winding current, according to switch reluctance generator mathematical principle, when generating voltage is electronic less than moving
When gesture, power generating stage winding current will be in rising trend, otherwise is downward trend, naturally, in order to improve power output ability, especially
It is when the base speed of Wind turbines is following, it is undesirable to which winding current is on a declining curve in power generating stage, so passing through this reality
Apply the bleed-off circuit of example, reduce generating voltage value, reduce its difference between Based Motional Electromotive Force naturally, so as to improve around
Group current waveform trend, can at least reduce winding current downward trend, improve power generation fan-out capability and pulsation of current rate, from
And it is also helpful to the reduction of torque pulsation;Note that being always separated by stator in this 101 structure of the first unsteady flow main circuit (is not
It is adjacent) winding constitute one group and share a upper switch pipe, i.e. the first phase winding A and third phase winding C shares first switch tube
V1, the second phase winding B and the 4th phase winding D share the 4th switching tube V4;As for where second switch reluctance generator
Two unsteady flow main circuits 102, each component is identical as 101 working principle of the first unsteady flow main circuit, the corresponding relationship of each component are as follows: the
Nine diode D9 to first diode D1, the second battery X2 to the first battery X1, the 5th phase winding M to the first phase winding A,
6th phase winding N is to the second phase winding B, and the 7th phase winding P is to third phase winding C, and the 8th phase winding Q is to the 4th phase winding D, and
Eight switching tube V8 are to first switch tube V1, and the 9th switching tube V9 is to second switch V2, and the tenth switching tube V10 is to third switching tube
V3, the 11st switching tube V11 are to the 4th switching tube V4, and the 12nd switching tube V12 is to the 5th switching tube V5, the 13rd switching tube
V13 to the 6th switching tube V6, the tenth diode D10 to the second diode D2, the 11st diode D11 to third diode D3,
12nd diode D12 is to the 4th diode D4, and the 13rd diode D13 is to the 5th diode D5, and the 14th D14 pairs of diode
6th diode D6, the 15th diode D15 are to the 7th diode D7, and the second capacitor C2 is to first capacitor device C1, and the 16th
Diode D16 to the 8th diode D8, the second inductance L2 to the first inductance L1, the 14th switching tube V14 to the 7th switching tube V7,
Absorber 2 is to absorber 1.
First SPWM circuit 201 is identical with 202 structure of the 2nd SPWM circuit, their input terminal is respectively from the first unsteady flow
The output of the generating voltage of main circuit 101 and the second unsteady flow main circuit 102, their input are separately connected four winding transformer T's
Two identical windings of primary side;For the first SPWM circuit 201, when the 15th switching tube V15, which is closed, to be connected, four around
Primary side the first winding N1 of group transformer T is powered, after the 15th switching tube V15 is disconnected, four winding transformer T primary sides first
The magnetic energy such as the leakage inductance of winding N1 are released via the 18th diode D18 to third capacitor C3, and are finally disappeared by first resistor R1
Consumption, the design of the 17th diode D17 are electric energy reflux in order to prevent;It is also identical inside 2nd SPWM circuit 202, opposite first
SPWM circuit 201, sixteenmo close the corresponding 15th switching tube V15 of pipe V16, the 19th diode D19 the corresponding 17th
Pole pipe D17, the 20th diode D20 corresponding 18th diode D18, the 4th capacitor C4 correspond to third capacitor C3, and second
Resistance R2 corresponds to first resistor R1;
The sixteenmo of 15th switching tube V15 of the first SPWM circuit 201 and the 2nd SPWM circuit 202 close pipe V16 this
Two switching tubes are the ON operation mode that is alternately closed, and only when upper switching tube closure conducting section terminates and four around
It organizes next switching tube when transformer T secondary side multiturn number winding NS output end current is down to zero and just initially enters closure conducting area
Between, in addition, all using SPWM modulating mode in the section of each of which switching tube closure conducting, that is, being equivalent to unidirectional sine
Half-wave;And the alternative frequency of the 15th switching tube V15 and sixteenmo pass pipe V16 are controllable in working, at least intermediate frequency mode
Range, or to high frequency;For the needs in response to switch reluctance generator system MPPT and Energy optimization control etc., the 15th switch
Pipe V15 and sixteenmo close pipe V16 SPWM duty cycle of switching can flexible modulation, thus enhance the plyability of whole system,
The flexible controllability of many reference amounts, in addition, when two switch reluctance generator units i.e. two unsteady flow main circuit output generating voltages are poor
It is exported away from excessive large effect to subsequent transformation or when needing of rectification load end, can also pass through and adjust the 15th switching tube
V15 or sixteenmo close the duty ratio of pipe V16 to balance or meet pressure control requirement;The primary side of four winding transformer T
One winding N1 the number of turns is equal to the second winding of primary side N2 the number of turns, and the number of turns of secondary side multiturn number winding NS is the first winding of primary side
Twice or more of N1 and second winding N2 the number of turns, ten times of highest, the number of turns that secondary side lacks the number of turns winding NC is then primary side first
The half of winding N1 and second winding N2 the number of turns, secondary side multiturn number winding NS polarity and secondary side lack the number of turns winding NC,
Primary side the first winding N1 polarity is identical, with primary side the second winding N2 polarity on the contrary, to guarantee the first winding of primary side N1
Two windings of secondary side obtain alternating current when replacing charging work with the second winding N2, while two windings of secondary side also subtract as far as possible
Small mutual inductance mutual interference.
Rectifying output circuit 300 is conventional uncontrollable bridge-type single phase rectifier circuit, by the 21st diode D21, the
22 diode D22, the 23rd diode D23, the 24th diode D24 composition, third inductance L3 and the 5th capacitor
Device C5 plays filter action, and the 5th capacitor C5 in fact contains an electrolytic capacitor and a non-electrolytic capacitor is connected in parallel
Mode, also cut down low-and high-frequency harmonic wave;Its direct current exported is the output of the entire converter system of the present invention.
The electric energy of first excitation circuit 401 and the second excitation circuit 402 becomes from the first unsteady flow main circuit 101 and second
It flows the output of main circuit 102 and is obtained after four winding transformer T isolation, the 17th switching tube of the first excitation circuit 401
V17, eighteenmo close pipe V18, the 19th switching tube V19, the 20th switching tube V20 and form single phase full bridge controlled rectifier,
The 21st switching tube V21, the 22nd switching tube V22, the 23rd switching tube V23, the 20th of second excitation circuit 402
Four switching tube V24 form second single phase full bridge controlled rectifier, and by adjusting each switching tube duty ratio, adjustable two are encouraged
The output excitation voltage of magnetic circuit becomes needed for the switch reluctance generator control of excitation and enhanced excitation to realize, for switch
The MPPT control of reluctance generator wind power system provides new regulated variable (excitation voltage);The 4th inductance L4 in the middle, the 5th
Inductance L5, the 6th capacitor C6, the 7th capacitor C7 play filter action, while the 6th capacitor C6 and the 7th capacitor C7 are each
From being also to be composed in parallel by electrolytic capacitor and non-electrolytic capacitor, to cut down low-and high-frequency harmonic wave.
All switching tubes being previously mentioned in the present embodiment are full-control type power electronic switching device, such as IGBT, electric power
MOSFET, GTR, GT0, IGCT, including novel gallium nitride, silicon-carbide series commercial device;Although the unsteady flow master of the present embodiment
Circuit is only applicable to the switch reluctance generator of even number phase winding, but adapts to Odd number phase winding selecting routine to have
Unsteady flow main circuit on the basis of, due to remaining structure and principle of adjustment and control it is identical as the present embodiment under can normal identical regulation
Work, so still belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. becoming generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, by the first unsteady flow main circuit, the second unsteady flow master
Circuit, the first SPWM circuit, the 2nd SPWM circuit, four winding transformers, rectifying output circuit, the first excitation circuit, second are encouraged
Magnetic circuit composition, technical characteristic are that the first unsteady flow main circuit output both ends connect the first SPWM circuit input two
End, the first unsteady flow main circuit input both ends and connect the first excitation circuit output both ends, the second unsteady flow main circuit output
Both ends connect the 2nd SPWM circuit and input both ends, and it is defeated that the second unsteady flow main circuit inputs both ends connection second excitation circuit
It is primary that both ends out, the first SPWM circuit output both ends and the 2nd SPWM circuit output both ends are separately connected four winding transformer
The respective both ends of the double winding of side, the input both ends of the rectifying output circuit connect two sets of four winding transformer secondary side around
Multiturn number winding both ends in group, another set of winding are that the number of turns winding both ends connect the first excitation circuit and the second excitation circuit less
Input both ends;
First unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of First switch reluctance generator, by the first battery, first
Diode, the second diode, third diode, the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode, the 8th
Diode, first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube, the 4th switching tube, the 5th switching tube, the 6th switching tube, the 7th
Switching tube, the first phase winding, the second phase winding, third phase winding, the 4th phase winding, first capacitor device, the first inductance, absorber
1 composition, first battery positive voltage connect the first diode anode, and the first battery terminal negative connects the second switch
Tube cathode, the third diode anode, third switch tube cathode, the 5th the switch tube cathode, the six or two pole
Tube anode, the 6th the switch tube cathode, the first capacitor device cathode, the 8th diode anode, first inductance
One end, and negative pole end is output and input as the first unsteady flow main circuit, first diode cathode connects the first switch tube sun
Pole, the 4th switch tube anode, and positive terminal, first switch tube cathode connection described the are inputted as the first unsteady flow main circuit
Three diode cathodes, first phase winding one end, third phase winding one end, first phase winding other end connection described the
Two diode anodes and the second switch tube anode, the third phase winding other end connect the 4th diode anode and described
Third switchs tube anode, and the 4th switch tube cathode connects the 6th diode cathode, second phase winding one end, described the
Four phase winding one end, second phase winding other end connection the 5th diode anode and the 5th switch tube anode, the 4th
The phase winding other end connects the 7th diode anode and the 6th switch tube anode, the second diode cathode, the four or two
Pole pipe cathode, the 5th diode cathode, the connection of the 7th diode cathode, and with first capacitor device anode, the 7th switching tube
Anode connection is also used as the first unsteady flow main circuit output cathode end, the 7th switch tube cathode and described 1 one end of absorber, first
The connection of the inductance other end, 1 other end of absorber are connect with the 8th diode cathode;First phase winding, the second phase winding, third phase
Winding, the 4th phase winding are arranged in First switch reluctance generator stator four on salient pole respectively in order;
Second unsteady flow main circuit is directly connected to four phase windings of second switch reluctance generator, by the second battery, the 9th
Diode, the tenth diode, the 11st diode, the 12nd diode, the 13rd diode, the 14th diode, the 15th
Diode, the 16th diode, the 8th switching tube, the 9th switching tube, the tenth switching tube, the 11st switching tube, the 12nd switch
Pipe, the 13rd switching tube, the 14th switching tube, the 5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase winding, the 8th phase winding, second
Capacitor, the second inductance, absorber 2 form, and second battery positive voltage connects the 9th diode anode, the second electric power storage
Pond cathode connection the 9th switch tube cathode, the 11st diode anode, the tenth the switch tube cathode, the described tenth
Two switch tube cathodes, the 14th diode anode, the 13rd the switch tube cathode, second capacitor anode, institute
It states the 16th diode anode, second inductance one end, and outputs and inputs negative pole end as the second unsteady flow main circuit, the 9th
Diode cathode connection the 8th switch tube anode, the 11st switch tube anode, and it is defeated as the second unsteady flow main circuit
Enter positive terminal, the 8th switch tube cathode connects the 11st diode cathode, described 5th phase winding one end, the 7th phase
Winding one end, the 5th phase winding other end connect the tenth diode anode and the 9th switch tube anode, the 7th phase around
The group other end connects the 12nd diode anode and the tenth switch tube anode, and the 11st switchs described in tube cathode connection
14th diode cathode, described 6th phase winding one end, described 8th phase winding one end, the 6th phase winding other end connect institute
The 13rd diode anode and the 12nd switch tube anode are stated, the 8th phase winding other end connects the 15th diode
Anode and it is described 13rd switch tube anode, the tenth diode cathode, the 12nd diode cathode, the 13rd diode cathode,
The connection of 15th diode cathode, and connect with the second capacitor anode, the 14th switch tube anode, also become as second
Main circuit output cathode end is flowed, the 14th switch tube cathode connect with described 2 one end of absorber, the second inductance other end, absorbs
2 other end of device is connect with the 16th diode cathode;5th phase winding, the 6th phase winding, the 7th phase winding, the 8th phase winding are pressed
Sequence is arranged in second switch reluctance generator stator four on salient pole respectively;
First SPWM circuit is by the 17th diode, first resistor, third capacitor, the 18th diode, the 15th switching tube
Composition, the 17th diode anode are that the first SPWM circuit inputs positive terminal, the 17th diode cathode connection described the
One resistance one end and third capacitor one end, and as the first SPWM circuit output positive terminal, the 18th diode
Cathode connects the first resistor other end and the third capacitor other end, and the 18th diode anode connects the 15th switching tube
Anode, and as the first SPWM circuit output negative pole end, the 15th switch tube cathode inputs negative pole end as the first SPWM circuit;
2nd SPWM circuit closes pipe by the 19th diode, second resistance, the 4th capacitor, the 20th diode, sixteenmo
Composition, the 19th diode anode are that the 2nd SPWM circuit inputs positive terminal, the 19th diode cathode connection described the
Two resistance one end and described 4th capacitor one end, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output positive terminal, the 20th diode
Cathode connects the second resistance other end and the 4th capacitor other end, and the 20th diode anode connects the sixteenmo and closes pipe
Anode, and as the 2nd SPWM circuit output negative pole end, sixteenmo closes tube cathode as the 2nd SPWM circuit and inputs negative pole end;
Four winding transformers lack the number of turns by the first winding of primary side, the second winding of primary side, secondary side multiturn number winding, secondary side
Winding composition, first winding of primary side is identical with second winding of primary side, their respective the number of turns are described
For the half of secondary side multiturn number winding to 1/10th, the number of turns that the secondary side lacks the number of turns winding is less than primary side first
The second umber of turn of winding and primary side, the first winding polarity of primary side is identical as secondary side multiturn number winding polarity, secondary side
Multiturn number winding polarity lacks the number of turns winding polarity and the first winding of primary side pole with the second winding polarity of primary side on the contrary, secondary side
Property is identical;Primary side the first winding both ends connect the first SPWM circuit output both ends, primary side the second winding both ends connection second
SPWM circuit output both ends, secondary side multiturn number winding both ends as rectifying output circuit input both ends, secondary side lack the number of turns around
Group both ends respectively input both ends as the first excitation circuit and the second excitation circuit;
Rectifying output circuit is by the 21st diode, the 22nd diode, the 23rd diode, the 24th pole
Pipe, third inductance, the 5th capacitor composition, the 21st diode anode connect the 23rd diode cathode and
Four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding one end, the 22nd diode anode connect the 24th diode
Cathode and the four winding transformer secondary side multiturn number winding other ends, the 21st diode cathode and the 22nd diode yin
Pole connection, and connected with third inductance one end, the third inductance other end is connect with the 5th capacitor anode and conduct
Rectifying output circuit is also the entire output cathode end for becoming generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system, the
23 diode anodes, the 24th diode anode, the connection of the 5th capacitor anode, and be also as rectifying output circuit
The entire output negative pole end for becoming generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system;
First excitation circuit closes pipe, the 19th switching tube, the 20th switching tube, the 4th electricity by the 17th switching tube, eighteenmo
Sense, the 6th capacitor composition, the 17th switch tube anode is connect with the 19th switch tube cathode, and is become with four windings
The secondary side of depressor lacks the connection of the number of turns winding one end, and the eighteenmo closes tube anode and the 20th switch tube cathode connects
It connects, and lacks the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 17th switch tube cathode and eighteenmo close
Tube cathode connection, and connect with described 4th inductance one end, the 4th inductance other end connects the 6th capacitor anode and makees
For the first excitation circuit output cathode end, the 19th switch tube anode connects with the 20th switch tube anode and the 6th capacitor anode
It connects, and as the first excitation circuit output negative pole end;
Second excitation circuit is by the 21st switching tube, the 22nd switching tube, the 23rd switching tube, the 24th switch
Pipe, the 5th inductance, the 7th capacitor composition, the 21st switch tube anode and the 23rd switch tube cathode connect
It connects, and lacks the number of turns winding one end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, the 22nd switch tube anode and described the
24-carat gold closes tube cathode connection, and lacks the number of turns winding other end with the secondary side of four winding transformers and connect, and the 21st opens
It closes tube cathode to connect with the 22nd switch tube cathode, and is connect with described 5th inductance one end, the connection of the 5th inductance other end
7th capacitor anode simultaneously switchs tube anode and 24-carat gold as the second excitation circuit output cathode end, the 23rd
Tube anode and the connection of the 7th capacitor anode are closed, and as the second excitation circuit output negative pole end.
2. the regulation side according to claim 1 for becoming generating voltage lower switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator high pressure converter system
Method, it is characterized in that:
In first unsteady flow main circuit, according to switch reluctance generator operation logic, when according to rotor-position the first phase winding work of need
When making, first switch tube and second switch closure conducting, the electric energy of the first excitation circuit output are the first phase winding excitation, to
When according to rotor-position and winding current requiring that excitation need to be terminated, first switch tube and second switch, the second diode are disconnected
Access is provided with third diode for the first phase winding afterflow to generate electricity output, when the 4th phase winding need to devote oneself to work, the 4th
Switching tube and the 6th switching tube closure conducting excitation, after disconnect the 4th switching tube and the 6th switching tube and enter the 6th diode
The afterflow for providing the 4th phase winding with the 7th diode generates electricity output, each phase in other phase windings and the second unsteady flow main circuit around
Group it is also identical, by respectively connect switching tube excitation, diode continuousing flow generate electricity;The effect of first battery and the second battery is
Respective switch reluctance generator start start when, that is, each excitation circuit cannot still provide field power supply when be used to provide initially to encourage
Magneto-electric energy;
The needs that power output capability control is improved according to switch reluctance generator reduce the first unsteady flow main circuit when needing to adjust
When output end generating voltage, it is closed the 7th switching tube, first capacitor device electric energy shifts energy storage to the first inductance, thus first capacitor
Device both end voltage, that is, generating voltage reduces, and the magnetic energy of the first inductance storage is after the disconnection of the 7th switching tube, via the 8th diode
Afterflow is absorbed by absorber 1, and absorber 1 is electrical storage device or energy-consuming device;The switch reluctance generator of second unsteady flow main circuit
When needing to reduce its generating voltage in control, control process is identical, and the 14th switching tube of closure stores the second capacitor electric energy
To the second inductance, generating voltage is reduced, after the 14th switching tube disconnects, the second inductive energy storage is via the 16th diode to absorption
The transfer of device 2 storage or consumption;
First SPWM, inside circuit, when the 15th switching tube, which is closed, to be connected, the first winding of primary side of four winding transformers is logical
Electricity, after the 15th switching tube disconnects, the leakage inductance magnetic energy of four the first windings of winding transformer primary side via the 18th diode to
Third capacitor is released, and is finally consumed by first resistor;Also identical inside 2nd SPWM circuit, sixteenmo, which closes pipe closure, leads
Four the second windings of winding transformer primary side are powered after logical, and the 4th capacitor and second resistance are to leakage after sixteenmo pass pipe disconnects
Sense magnetic energy is released;
15th switching tube of the first SPWM circuit and the sixteenmo of the 2nd SPWM circuit, which close, manages the two switching tubes as alternating
It is closed ON operation mode, and only when upper switching tube closure conducting section terminates and four winding transformer secondary sides are more
The number of turns winding output end current when being down to zero next switching tube just initially enter closure conducting section, each of which switching tube
It is closed in the section of conducting, all uses SPWM modulating mode, that is, be equivalent to unidirectional half-sinusoid;
The electric energy of first excitation circuit and the second excitation circuit is defeated from the first unsteady flow main circuit and the second unsteady flow main circuit
It obtains out and after the isolation of four winding transformers, the 17th switching tube of the first excitation circuit, eighteenmo pass is managed, the 19th opens
Guan Guan, the 20th switching tube form unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, the 21st switching tube of the second excitation circuit, the 20th
Two switching tubes, the 23rd switching tube, the 24th switching tube form second unidirectional bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit, pass through adjusting
Each switching tube duty ratio, is adjusted the output excitation voltage of two excitation circuits, becomes opening for excitation and enhanced excitation to realize
It closes needed for reluctance generator control.
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CN105429538A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-03-23 | 中国计量学院 | Switch magnetic resistance aerogenerator power converter system |
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CN107070334A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-08-18 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of switch reluctance generator converter topology and its control method |
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