CN1084611C - 透明的凝胶型牙膏 - Google Patents

透明的凝胶型牙膏 Download PDF

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CN1084611C
CN1084611C CN96110037A CN96110037A CN1084611C CN 1084611 C CN1084611 C CN 1084611C CN 96110037 A CN96110037 A CN 96110037A CN 96110037 A CN96110037 A CN 96110037A CN 1084611 C CN1084611 C CN 1084611C
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Abstract

本发明涉及含有锌盐的外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏。由于含有比枸橼酸锌更易溶于水的锌盐,并含有可与锌结合的氨基酸,在液相中含有低折光率的磨料硅胶,从而获得外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏。

Description

透明的凝胶型牙膏
本发明涉及外观上透明的、凝胶型牙膏。本发明特别涉及含有锌盐的外观上透明的、凝胶型牙膏。
外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏在现有技术中是已知的,并已在商业上利用。这种牙膏通常在液相中含有特殊的无定形合成硅干凝胶,该硅干凝胶与液相的折光率值大致相同。例如在US-A-3538230(Pader等人)、US-A-3689637(Pader)、US-A-3842167(Block等人)、US-A-3864470(Watson)中描述了这种牙膏。
含有锌盐的牙膏同样是已知的,并在例如US-A-4022880(Vinson等人)和GB-A-1373001(Pader等人)中有所描述。
但是在我们所作出的制造这种牙膏的尝试中,外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏中的锌盐内含物存在值得注意的问题。外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏中的锌盐内含物(如枸橼酸锌)造成产品不清澈透明;光学显微镜观察显示出在牙膏各处有未溶解的枸橼酸锌晶体存在。掺入预先溶解的枸橼酸锌而不是就地形成的枸橼酸锌得到的牙膏优于直接掺入枸橼酸锌的牙膏。包括用比微溶的枸橼酸锌更易溶于水的锌盐生产透明的凝胶型牙膏的尝试也失败了。
现在我们意外地发现,将水溶性锌盐内含物与一可与锌结合的氨基酸用于含有低折光率的磨料硅胶的凝胶型牙膏中时,可得到具有优良透明度的外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏。
因此,本发明涉及外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏,该牙膏液相中含有比氟化锌更易溶于水的锌盐、可与锌结合的氨基酸以及作为磨擦剂的低折光率的硅胶。
以下将更详细地讨论本发明。
该锌盐应该比氟化锌(其在25℃下100克水中的溶解度为1.62克)更易溶于水,即,应具有在25℃下每100毫升水高于1.02克(用锌表示)的溶解度。适用的锌盐的典型实例是乙酸锌、氯化锌、乳酸锌、硫酸锌、硝酸锌、碘化锌等或其混合物。优选的锌盐是硫酸锌(无水的或其七水合物)。本发明的组合物中锌盐的含量一般在重量百分比0.1-10%的范围(以锌计),通常在0.2-5%(重量)的范围,优选0.5-2.5%(重量)。
本发明所采用的氨基酸应能与锌结合,并能防止在中性pH值下氢氧化锌的沉淀,能提高氢氧化锌沉淀的界值。其理论和实施例例如在"水溶液中金属配体的平衡图谱"J.Kragter.EllisHorwood Ltd(1978),特别是742页以下中有所描述。
锌与氨基酸的结合不应过牢以致抑制锌的生物活性(见Cummins等人,J.Dent.Res.,11月,Sp.Issue,1702(1989)和Watson等人,Caries Res.25,431(1991))。适用的氨基酸的典型实例是N-二羟乙基甘氨酸、甘氨酸、甘氨酰甘氨酸和天冬氨酸。甘氨酸是优选的氨基酸,因其不会损害锌的生物活性。
应采用化学计量上比结合锌所需要的过量的氨基酸,用以缓冲pH值。其用量在组合物重量百分比的0.01-5%的范围,优选0.1-3%(重量)。发现已提出将硫酸锌与甘氨酸的结合物用作口腔护理产品(如漱口水和牙膏)的内含物,例如在BG-A-2052978(Unilever)中,但未采用低折光率(R.I)硅胶。
在本发明中用作磨擦剂的低折光率硅胶是表现折光率范围在1.41-1.47、优选1.435-1.445的硅胶,优选具有重量平均粒度在5-15μm之间,BET(氮)法表面积在10-100m2/g,且油吸咐为约70-150cm3/100g。
适用的具有折光率在1.435至1.445之间的低折光率硅胶磨擦剂的典型实例是Tixosil 63和73 ex Phone Poulenc;Sident 10 ex Degussa;Zeodent 113 ex Zeofinn;SorbosilAC 77 ex Crosfield。化学品的折光率约为1.440。在EP-A-0549287(Colgate)和WO94/10087(Crosfield)中还可发现其它实施例,这些文献都结合在本文中作为参考。这些硅胶在组合物中的含量一般在重量百分比5-60%的范围,通常为5-20%(重量)。
本发明组合物的液相应是如此配制的:其折光率与以上讨论的硅胶的折光率非常接近。该液相通常含有水和保湿剂,后者通常为山梨醇或甘油。水的折光率为1.333,山梨醇(70%水溶液)的折光率为1.457,甘油的折光率为1.473。也可含有其它保湿剂如丙二醇、聚丙二醇、和聚乙二醇。可由各组分的相应的折光率计算该液相的折光率。
本发明组合物还可含有其它不损害牙膏透明度的选择性成分,并且液相的折光率应与低折光率磨料硅胶的折光率近似。
因此该牙膏还可选择性地含有其它成分,如可药用的载体,如淀粉、水或水/乙醇体系等。也可含有少量的表面活性剂如阴离子、非离子和两性离子表面活性剂。它们还可包含增稠硅胶以及少量其它颗粒磨擦材材料如碳酸钙、磷酸氢二钙、焦磷酸钙、羟基磷灰石、三偏磷酸盐、不溶性六偏磷酸盐等,但优选采用那些能避免破坏凝胶型牙膏透明度的附加的不溶性磨擦材料。但这些附加的不溶性磨擦剂是用于着色相或着色条纹中,以使透明的凝胶型牙膏具有着色条纹或具有单独的着色相。
另外,牙膏组合物还可含有保湿剂如甘油、山梨醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、木糖醇、乳醇等。也可含有粘合剂和增稠剂如羧甲基纤维素钠、呫吨胶、阿拉伯胶等,以及合成聚合物如聚丙烯酸酯和羧乙烯基聚合物如Carbopol
也可含有调味剂如椒样薄荷油和留兰香油,以及防腐剂、着色剂、pH调节剂、甜味剂等。
也可含有抗菌剂,如三氯生、洗必泰、血根碱提取物、甲硝唑。抗菌剂的其它实例是季铵化合物如氯化十六烷基吡啶鎓;二胍类如洗必泰二葡萄糖酸盐、海克替啶、奥替尼啶、阿来西定;卤化二酚类化合物如2,2′亚甲基二-4(4-氟-6-溴苯酚)。
也可含有可增强活性成份(如抗菌剂)输送的聚合物。这些聚合物的实例是聚乙烯基甲基醚与马来酸酐的共聚物,以及其它类似增强输送的聚合物,例如:在DE-A 3,942,643(Colgate)中所述的那些聚物。
也可含有消炎剂如异丁苯丙酸、氟化洛芬、阿司匹林、吲哚美辛等。
也可含有抗龋齿剂如氟化钠和氟化亚锡、氟化胺、二氟磷酸钠、酪蛋白,蚀斑缓冲剂如尿素、丙酮酸盐、精氨酸、短肽、乳酸钙、甘油磷酸钙、聚丙烯酸锶。优选的抗龋齿剂是单氟磷酸钠,因为在某些环境下,本发明组合物中的氟化物会形成氟化锌晶体。其它选择性成份包括维生素类如维生素C和植物提取物。也可含有脱敏剂如酒石酸钾、枸橼酸钾、氯化钾、碳酸氢钾、草酸钾、硝酸钾以及锶盐。当含有钾盐时,如必要,应注意选择相容的表面活性剂,例如十二烷基硫酸钠不适用,这是因为会形成十二烷基硫酸钾沉淀从而破坏透明度。但例如在前述的着色条纹或着色相中可含有该不相容的表面活性剂。
也可含有缓冲该组合物pH值和离子强度的缓冲剂和盐。也可用脂质体和其它成囊物改善活性成份的输送或稳定性。
另外,该口用组合物还可含有抗牙结石剂如碱金属焦磷酸盐、含有次磷酸盐的聚合物有机膦酸盐、磷酸枸橼酸盐等。
此外,该组合物中还可含有功能性生物分子如细菌素、抗体、酶等。
可含有的其它选择性成份是,例如,漂白剂如过氧化合物,例如过氧化磷酸氢钾,泡腾体系如碳酸氢钠/枸橼酸体系,变色体系等。
本发明的牙膏还可含有悬浮在其中的着色微粒,如着色硅凝胶或者其它可使该牙膏具有"斑纹"外观的着色微粒。该牙膏也可含有着色膏体的条纹,从而提供一种具有着色条纹或单独的着色相的外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏。
下面将通过实施例对本发明做进一步说明。实施例1
以下的组合物是通过下列成份制备的:
                               A      B      CSorbosil AC 77(磨料低折光率硅胶)   10     10     10Sident 22 S(增稠硅胶)              8      8      8山梨醇(70%)                       58.59  58.95  70聚乙二醇MW 1500                    5      5      5单氟磷酸钠                         0.8    -      -氟化钠                             -      0.33   -十二烷基苯磺酸钠                   -      -      0.5十二烷基硫酸钠                     1.7    1.7    1.7羧甲基纤维素钠                     0.5    0.5    0.5糖精                               0.2    0.2    0.2着色剂                             0.012  0.012  0.3659调味剂                             1.1    1.1    1.1枸橼酸钠(三水合物)                 -      -      0.5七水合硫酸锌                       0.686  0.686  -甘油                               0.3584 0.3584 -水                                 余量   余量   余量
也可制造这些组合物的变体,即,组合物A1含有0.5%  枸橼酸锌而不含硫酸锌加甘油,以及A2与A1相同,0.3%三氯生。
组合物B1含有0.22%而不是0.33%的氟化钠,以及B2不含任何氟化物。
组合物C1含0.686%的七水合硫酸锌和0.3584%的甘油,而不含5%的枸橼酸锌,以及C2不含任何锌盐。
这些组合物的透明度测定如下:
将该组合物转变成1cm光程厚的透明晶粒并置于一发光平台上,该平台下有一从-12至+13的刻度尺,其尺寸数从10mm高(-12)均匀降至0.25mm低(+13)。由可读到的最小数值得出组合物的透明度。得到以下结果:
       透明度C2        +13C1        -12C1        -12A1        -12A         +13A2        +13B         +3B1        +13B2        +13 实施例2
    成    份     含量(%)
    D     E     F     G
Sorbosil AC 77(磨料硅胶)Tixosil 63(磨料硅胶)山梨醇(70%)羧甲基纤维素钠聚乙二醇 MW 1500氟化钠Sident 22 s(增稠硅胶)硫酸锌甘氨酸十二烷基苯磺酸钠十二烷基硫酸钠糖精黄色着色剂蓝色着色剂调味剂水起始说明密度(g/ml)pH透明度粘聚性     10.00-58.000.505.000.338.000.6860.35840.501.700.200.0140.00171.2013.511.345.9820140     -10.0058.000.505.000.338.000.6860.35840.501.700.200.0140.00171.2013.511.346.0220110     10.00-59.000.605.000.338.000.6860.35840.501.700.200.0140.00171.2012.411.336.0520180     -10.0057.000.705.000.338.000.6860.35840.501.700.200.0140.00171.2014.311.356.0520180
将组合物装入多层试管中,在20℃、28℃、37℃和50℃下保存1、2、3和6个月并测定其透明度。透明度测定如下:将组合物转变成具有0.5cm光程长度的晶粒,并置于一个下有线刻度尺的发光平台上。该刻度尺包含一系列越来越窄的刻度线,总共7格。每格人为地规定一个数字(从最宽格15到最窄格21),由透过试样可肉眼分辨的所在的相应刻度值,可得出该组合物的透明度。
所有组合物在全部保存温度下的透明度都在19或19以上;组合物F最为透明(透明度20),其后最接近的是组合物E 实施例3
    成    份     重    量  %
 Sident 10(磨料硅胶)     10.00
 Sorbitol(70%)     57.31
 Sorbosil TL15(增稠硅胶)     8.00
聚乙二醇 MW 1500     5.00
单氟磷酸钠     0.80
十二烷基硫酸钠     1.70
羧甲基纤维素钠     0.60
糖精     0.20
硫酸锌     0.686
甘氨酸     0.3584
着色剂     0.012
乙醇     1.00
三氯生     0.30
调味剂     1.10
    12.934
该组合物的氟和锌的稳定性数据如下:所用水    28℃    37℃氟(ppmF)起始     1042    10422个月    1056    10333个月    1082    10876个月    1050    995所用水   28C     37℃锌(%)起始     0.684   0.6842个月    0.686   0.6863个月    0.680   0.5986个月    0.615   0.500

Claims (6)

1.一种外观上透明的凝胶型牙膏,该牙膏在液体介质中含有比枸橼酸锌更易溶于水的锌盐、能与锌结合的氨基酸、以及用作摩擦剂的具有在1.41和1.47之间的低折光率的硅胶。
2.权利要求1的牙膏,其中锌盐是硫酸锌并且氨基酸是甘氨酸。
3.权利要求1的牙膏,其中硅胶的折光率在1.435和1.445之间。
4.权利要求1-3任一项的牙膏,其中该牙膏还含有单氟磷酸钠。
5.权利要求1-3任一项的牙膏,该牙膏在透明凝胶中还含有悬浮的着色颗粒。
6.权利要求1-3任一项的牙膏,还含有着色条纹。
CN96110037A 1995-05-03 1996-05-03 透明的凝胶型牙膏 Expired - Lifetime CN1084611C (zh)

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EP0740932A1 (en) 1996-11-06
DE69623381T2 (de) 2003-01-09
BR9602131A (pt) 1999-01-12
EP1203575A3 (en) 2007-04-11
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