CN108443868B - Air/lean gas replaceable low NO x Swirl burner - Google Patents

Air/lean gas replaceable low NO x Swirl burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108443868B
CN108443868B CN201810496601.4A CN201810496601A CN108443868B CN 108443868 B CN108443868 B CN 108443868B CN 201810496601 A CN201810496601 A CN 201810496601A CN 108443868 B CN108443868 B CN 108443868B
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air
air duct
lean
duct
replaceable
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CN108443868A (en
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牛艳青
惠世恩
王登辉
闫博康
梁洋
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 

Abstract

The invention discloses an air/lean gas replaceable low NO x The cyclone burner comprises a precombustion chamber, a central lean air duct, a primary air duct, an air/lean air replaceable duct, an inner secondary air duct and an outer secondary air duct; the central lean air duct, the primary air duct, the air/lean air replaceable duct and the inner secondary air duct are sequentially distributed from inside to outside; the inlet section of the air/lean air replaceable air duct is divided into an air duct and a lean air duct, wherein an air door baffle is arranged in the air duct, and a lean air duct baffle is arranged in the lean air duct; the inner wall of the primary air duct is sequentially provided with a flow equalizing strip group and a coal powder concentrator along the airflow flowing direction, the inner secondary air duct is internally provided with a plurality of axially adjustable swirl blades, and the burner can flexibly and effectively control NO in depth in real time according to the coal quality change characteristics x Discharge amount.

Description

Air/lean gas replaceable low NO x Swirl burner
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power stations, pulverized coal combustion technology of industrial boilers and environment, and relates to an air/lean gas replaceable low NO x A swirl burner.
Background
In China, coal is taken as a dominant energy resource and cannot be changed in the middle and long periods. The energy consumption and the pollution emission of the coal-fired industrial boiler are the second most in the national industrial industry, and the pollution emission to the important cities in the national part is only inferior to that of the utility boiler and exceeds that of the utility boiler.
No of coal-fired industrial boiler x Emission standards are becoming more stringent. New industrial coal-fired boiler NO is established according to the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants of boiler GB13271-2014 x The discharge is not higher than 300mg/m 3 The key area is 200mg/m 3
Industrial pulverized coal boiler burner design optimization as NO reduction x The most direct and economical method is the current industrial pulverized coal boilerPulverized coal combustion and NO x Hot spot of emission reduction research. The existing pulverized coal burner, for example, the invention patent 'a swirl pulverized coal burner for an industrial kiln using flue gas recirculation' (Chinese patent ZL201010213627.7, grant publication date 2011 9-14, grant publication number 101876433A, hereinafter referred to as 'document one') considers the coal quality characteristics and sets up the burner of various embodiments, but the structure is complex, and the real-time flexible adjustment according to the coal quality variable characteristics in the operation process of the burner is difficult to realize; the invention patent (Chinese patent ZL 201310569461.6, 3-12 days of authorized bulletin date 2014 and 103629663A of authorized bulletin number, hereinafter referred to as document two) adopts a flow blocking block to divide pulverized coal airflow, secondary air airflow and tertiary air airflow into a plurality of air jets, and the air flow and the pulverized coal airflow are basically staggered along the circumferential direction, so that the mixing of the air and the pulverized coal is delayed, and NO is reduced x Generating and discharging; the invention patent (Chinese patent ZL 201210152329.0, granted notice day 10 month 3 year 2012, granted notice number 100705823A, hereinafter referred to as "File III") is to perform ignition and combustion in a graded manner, so as to realize stable combustion. From the prior research results, the pulverized coal burner proposed by the 'document one', 'document two', 'document three' does not adopt advanced low NO such as precombustion chamber combustion or lean gas x Combustion technology, NO cannot be controlled flexibly and effectively in real time according to the coal quality change characteristics x Emissions are difficult to meet the increasingly strict NO of coal-fired industrial boilers x Emission requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an air/lean gas replaceable low NO x The cyclone burner can flexibly and effectively control NO in depth in real time according to the coal quality change characteristics x Discharge amount.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an air/lean air replaceable low NO x The cyclone burner comprises a precombustion chamber, a central lean air duct, a primary air duct, an air/lean air replaceable duct, an inner secondary air duct and an outer secondary air duct;
the central lean air duct, the primary air duct, the air/lean air replaceable duct and the inner secondary air duct are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, the central lean air duct, the primary air duct, the air/lean air replaceable duct and the inner secondary air duct are all communicated with the precombustion chamber, the outer secondary air duct is wrapped outside the precombustion chamber, the outlet of the outer secondary air duct is communicated with the inlet of the hearth, and the outlet of the precombustion chamber is embedded in the wall surface of the hearth;
the inlet section of the air/lean air replaceable air duct is divided into an air duct and a lean air duct, wherein an air door baffle is arranged in the air duct, and a lean air duct baffle is arranged in the lean air duct;
the inner wall of the primary air duct is sequentially provided with a flow equalizing strip group and a pulverized coal concentrator along the airflow flowing direction, and a plurality of axial adjustable swirl blades are arranged in the inner secondary air duct.
A lean air door baffle is arranged in the central lean air duct.
The manual adjusting rod is used for controlling the rotational flow angle of each axial adjustable rotational flow blade.
The inlet of the primary air duct, the inlet of the inner secondary air duct and the inlet of the outer secondary air duct are respectively provided with a primary air damper baffle, an inner secondary air damper baffle and an outer secondary air damper baffle.
The axial adjustable swirl vanes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
The current equalizing strips in the current equalizing strip group are uniformly distributed.
The air flow in the central lean air duct accounts for 0-7% of the total air quantity, the air flow in the air/lean air replaceable duct accounts for 0-20% of the total air quantity, the total amount of lean air in the central lean air duct and the air/lean air replaceable duct is less than or equal to 20% of the total air quantity, the air flow in the primary air duct accounts for 15-20% of the total air quantity, and the air flow in the inner secondary air duct accounts for 30-40% of the total air quantity; the air quantity in the outer secondary air duct accounts for 40-55% of the air demand.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to an air/lean gas replaceable low NO x The swirl burner being lean in centre in particular operationThe air flow, the primary air flow, the air/lean air replaceable air flow, the inner secondary air flow and the outer secondary air flow with adjustable rotational flow strength are configured, and the air quantity of the lean air flow is increased, the reducing atmosphere is enhanced and NO is reduced while the oxygen required by ignition combustion is ensured by controlling the ratio of the lean air flow to the air flow in the air/lean air replaceable air flow x Discharging; meanwhile, the proportion of the inner secondary air to the outer secondary air is controlled, so that strong reducing atmosphere in the precombustion chamber is ensured, the residence time of pulverized coal airflow in the reducing atmosphere is prolonged, and NO is further reduced x Is discharged from the reactor; meanwhile, the central lean gas flow can form a low-oxygen environment in the central region of the pulverized coal gas flow, so that the reducing atmosphere and NO are enhanced x And emission reduction. In addition, a pulverized coal concentrator is arranged in the primary air duct to cause the concentration separation of pulverized coal airflow along the radial direction and promote ignition and NO x Emission reduction; a plurality of flow equalization strips are uniformly arranged in the primary air duct along the circumferential direction, so that the uniform distribution of the pulverized coal concentration in the primary air pulverized coal airflow is ensured, and NO is optimized x Is evenly reduced in emission. In addition, the inner secondary air with adjustable rotational flow strength is matched with the precombustion chamber, and the ignition condition of the difficult-to-catch fire coal is improved by entrainment of high-temperature backflow flue gas and radiation. In addition, according to the characteristics of coal quality, the high-temperature flue gas recirculation, the low-temperature flue gas recirculation and the air/lean gas replaceable air duct for introducing waste gas can be flexibly adopted, so that NO is reduced x At the same time, ensure ignition and combustion, realize real-time flexible and effective depth control of NO according to the coal quality change characteristics x Discharge amount.
Further, by adjusting the opening of the air damper baffle, lean combustion is realized to reduce NO x And the oxygen demand required by stable combustion in the initial stage of combustion is ensured while the exhaust is carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in fig. 1.
The device comprises a central lean air duct 1, a primary air duct 2, an air/lean air replaceable duct 3, a manual adjusting rod 4, an axially adjustable swirl vane 5, an inner secondary air duct 6, a flow equalizing bar 7, a pulverized coal concentrator 8, an outer secondary air duct 9, a precombustion chamber 10, a lean air damper baffle 11, a primary air damper baffle 12, an air duct 13, an air damper baffle 14, a lean air duct 15, a lean air duct baffle 16, an inner secondary air damper baffle 17 and an outer secondary air damper baffle 18.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the air/lean air replaceable low NO of the present invention x The cyclone burner comprises a precombustion chamber 10, a central lean air duct 1, a primary air duct 2, an air/lean air replaceable duct 3, an inner secondary air duct 6 and an outer secondary air duct 9; the central lean air duct 1, the primary air duct 2, the air/lean air replaceable duct 3 and the inner secondary air duct 6 are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, the central lean air duct 1, the primary air duct 2, the air/lean air replaceable duct 3 and the inner secondary air duct 6 are all communicated with the precombustion chamber 10, the outer secondary air duct 9 is wrapped outside the precombustion chamber 10, the outlet of the outer secondary air duct 9 is communicated with the inlet of the hearth, and the outlet of the precombustion chamber 10 is embedded in the wall surface of the hearth; the inlet section of the air/lean air replaceable air duct 3 is divided into an air duct 13 and a lean air duct 15, wherein an air door baffle 14 is arranged in the air duct 13, and a lean air duct baffle 16 is arranged in the lean air duct 15; the inner wall of the primary air duct 2 is sequentially provided with a flow equalizing strip group and a pulverized coal concentrator 8 along the airflow flowing direction, and a plurality of axial adjustable swirl blades 5 are arranged in the inner secondary air duct 6. Wherein, each axial adjustable swirl vane 5 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; each flow equalizing bar 7 in the flow equalizing bar group is uniformly distributed; the invention also comprises a manual adjusting rod 4 for controlling the rotational flow angle of each axially adjustable rotational flow blade 5.
A lean air damper baffle 11 is arranged in the central lean air duct 1; the inlet of the primary air duct 2, the inlet of the inner secondary air duct 6 and the inlet of the outer secondary air duct 9 are respectively provided with a primary air damper baffle 12, an inner secondary air damper baffle 17 and an outer secondary air damper baffle 18.
The air flow in the central lean air duct 1 accounts for 0-7% of the total air quantity, the air flow in the air/lean air replaceable duct 3 accounts for 0-20% of the total air quantity, the total amount of lean air in the central lean air duct 1 and the air/lean air replaceable duct 3 is less than or equal to 20% of the total air quantity, the air flow in the primary air duct 2 accounts for 15-20% of the total air quantity, and the air flow in the inner secondary air duct 6 accounts for 30-40% of the total air quantity; the air quantity in the outer secondary air duct 9 accounts for 40-55% of the air demand.
The specific operation process of the invention is as follows:
when the lean coal, the anthracite and the like are burnt, the ignition is difficult and NO x When high-yield coal is produced, the opening of the lean air duct baffle 16 is adjusted to the maximum, high-temperature flue gas or high-temperature waste gas is used as lean air, high-temperature reducing atmosphere is provided by the lean air, and the mixing of pulverized coal airflow and air is delayed, so that NO is reduced x Discharging and providing a heat source for ignition of coal dust; simultaneously, the angle of the axial adjustable cyclone blade 5 is adjusted by the manual adjusting rod 4, so that the cyclone strength is increased, the entrainment quantity of high-temperature flue gas is enhanced, and the timely ignition of coal dust is promoted. At this time, the opening degree of the air damper flap 14 is reduced as much as possible, and the reducing atmosphere is intensified.
When the bituminous coal and the like are easy to catch fire and NO x When the generated amount of coal is low, the opening of the lean gas air door baffle 11 is maximized, and low-temperature flue gas or low-temperature waste gas is used as lean gas; simultaneously, the angle of the axial adjustable swirl vanes 5 is adjusted by the manual adjusting rod 4, so that the swirl strength is moderately reduced; the combination of the two provides a low-temperature strong-reducibility atmosphere, and NO is reduced x And (5) discharging. At this time, the opening degree of the air damper baffle 14 is reduced as much as possible, the residence time of the pulverized coal flow in the low-temperature intensified reducing atmosphere is prolonged, and NO is intensified x Reducing and reducing emission.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The air/lean gas replaceable low-NOx cyclone burner is characterized by comprising a precombustion chamber (10), a central lean gas air duct (1), a primary air duct (2), an air/lean gas replaceable air duct (3), an inner secondary air duct (6) and an outer secondary air duct (9);
the central lean air duct (1), the primary air duct (2), the air/lean air replaceable duct (3) and the inner secondary air duct (6) are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, the central lean air duct (1), the primary air duct (2), the air/lean air replaceable duct (3) and the inner secondary air duct (6) are all communicated with the precombustion chamber (10), the outer secondary air duct (9) is wrapped outside the precombustion chamber (10), the outlet of the outer secondary air duct (9) is communicated with the inlet of the hearth, and the outlet of the precombustion chamber (10) is embedded in the wall surface of the hearth;
the inlet section of the air/lean air replaceable air duct (3) is divided into an air duct (13) and a lean air duct (15), wherein an air door baffle (14) is arranged in the air duct (13), and a lean air duct baffle (16) is arranged in the lean air duct (15);
a flow equalizing strip group and a pulverized coal concentrator (8) are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the primary air duct (2) along the airflow flowing direction, and a plurality of axial adjustable swirl blades (5) are arranged in the inner secondary air duct (6);
a lean air damper baffle (11) is arranged in the central lean air duct (1);
the manual adjusting rod (4) is used for controlling the rotational flow angle of each axial adjustable rotational flow blade (5);
when coal types which are difficult to catch fire and have high NOx production amount, such as lean coal, anthracite and the like are combusted, the opening degree of a lean air duct baffle (16) is adjusted to be maximum, high-temperature flue gas or high-temperature waste gas is used as lean air, high-temperature reducing atmosphere is provided through the lean air, the mixing of pulverized coal airflow and air is delayed, the NOx emission is further reduced, and a heat source is provided for pulverized coal catch fire; meanwhile, the angle of the axial adjustable swirl blades (5) is adjusted by the manual adjusting rod (4), so that the swirling strength is increased, the entrainment quantity of high-temperature flue gas is enhanced, the timely ignition of coal dust is promoted, and at the moment, the opening of the air damper baffle (14) is reduced, and the reducing atmosphere is enhanced;
when coal with low NOx generation amount and easy ignition such as bituminous coal is combusted, the opening degree of a lean air door baffle (11) is maximized, and low-temperature flue gas or low-temperature waste gas is used as lean air; simultaneously, the angle of the axial adjustable swirl blades (5) is adjusted by the manual adjusting rod (4), so that the swirl strength is moderately reduced; the two are combined to provide a low-temperature strong reducing atmosphere, so that NOx emission is reduced, at the moment, the opening of the air damper baffle (14) is reduced as much as possible, the stay time of pulverized coal airflow in the low-temperature strong reducing atmosphere is prolonged, and the reduction and emission reduction of NOx are enhanced.
2. The air/lean air replaceable low NOx cyclone burner according to claim 1, wherein a primary air damper baffle (12), an inner secondary air damper baffle (17) and an outer secondary air damper baffle (18) are respectively provided at the inlet of the primary air duct (2), the inlet of the inner secondary air duct (6) and the inlet of the outer secondary air duct (9).
3. Air/lean-replaceable low NOx swirl burner according to claim 1, characterized in that each axially adjustable swirl vane (5) is evenly distributed in circumferential direction.
4. The air/lean-air replaceable low NOx cyclone burner according to claim 1, wherein the flow equalization strips (7) in the flow equalization strip group are uniformly distributed.
5. The air/lean-gas replaceable low-NOx cyclone burner of claim 1, wherein the air flow in the central lean-gas air duct (1) accounts for 0-7% of the total air volume, the air flow in the air/lean-gas replaceable air duct (3) accounts for 0-20% of the total air volume, the total amount of lean gas in the central lean-gas air duct (1) and the air/lean-gas replaceable air duct (3) is less than or equal to 20% of the total air volume, the air flow in the primary air duct (2) accounts for 15-20% of the total air volume, and the air flow in the inner secondary air duct (6) accounts for 30-40% of the total air volume; the air quantity in the outer secondary air duct (9) accounts for 40-55% of the air demand.
CN201810496601.4A 2018-05-22 2018-05-22 Air/lean gas replaceable low NO x Swirl burner Active CN108443868B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112484036B (en) * 2020-10-23 2022-06-07 西安交通大学 Stepless peak regulation coupling pyrolysis combustor and combustion system

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB715275A (en) * 1951-07-04 1954-09-08 George Korab Rulikowski Improvements in means for heating the interiors of motor cars, aircraft, motor boatsand the like
CN101644431A (en) * 2009-08-31 2010-02-10 中国计量学院 Self-stabilizing three-stage air-distribution low-NOx pulverized coal burner
CN202884901U (en) * 2012-09-27 2013-04-17 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Boiler capable of realizing reignition of exhaust gas coal powder by using high-temperature flue gas and reducing NOx
CN204648216U (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-09-16 广东碳中和能源开发有限公司 A kind of Problem of Biomass Fuel Gas Combustion installment with UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN
CN205640882U (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-10-12 上海华之邦科技股份有限公司 System for gas recirculation reduces NOx and discharges
CN106287667A (en) * 2016-10-08 2017-01-04 西安交通大学 A kind of high temperature gases recirculating preheating type low-NOx combustor being provided with SOFA
CN107559817A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-01-09 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of swirling pulverized coal combustion device and method using flue gas recirculation
CN208418703U (en) * 2018-05-22 2019-01-22 西安交通大学 A kind of air/lean gas replaceable type low NOx cyclone burner

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB715275A (en) * 1951-07-04 1954-09-08 George Korab Rulikowski Improvements in means for heating the interiors of motor cars, aircraft, motor boatsand the like
CN101644431A (en) * 2009-08-31 2010-02-10 中国计量学院 Self-stabilizing three-stage air-distribution low-NOx pulverized coal burner
CN202884901U (en) * 2012-09-27 2013-04-17 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Boiler capable of realizing reignition of exhaust gas coal powder by using high-temperature flue gas and reducing NOx
CN204648216U (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-09-16 广东碳中和能源开发有限公司 A kind of Problem of Biomass Fuel Gas Combustion installment with UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN
CN205640882U (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-10-12 上海华之邦科技股份有限公司 System for gas recirculation reduces NOx and discharges
CN106287667A (en) * 2016-10-08 2017-01-04 西安交通大学 A kind of high temperature gases recirculating preheating type low-NOx combustor being provided with SOFA
CN107559817A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-01-09 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of swirling pulverized coal combustion device and method using flue gas recirculation
CN208418703U (en) * 2018-05-22 2019-01-22 西安交通大学 A kind of air/lean gas replaceable type low NOx cyclone burner

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