A kind of ultralow NOX combustion system and its burner of low-load combustion-stabilizing
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Thermal Energy and Power Engineering field, is related to a kind of ultralow NOX combustion system of low-load combustion-stabilizing
And its burner.
Background technique
Although the research and development speed of new energy is gradually accelerated, the energy resource structure in current China is still based on coal
Body, the pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide and the dust generated that burn cause the health and living environment of people
Seriously affect, thus caused by pollution problem be valued by people.
Nitrogen oxides is one of main atmosphere pollution, is primarily referred to as NO and NO2, the generation and coal dust burns at high temperature
Nitrogen oxides be largely NO.Nitrogen oxides in atmosphere is the principal element to form photochemical fog, and is also PM2.5
The main source of particle forms one of the principal element of nationwide haze.Furthermore nitrogen oxides, which meets water, can be converted into nitric acid
Or nitrous acid, acid rain is formed, corrodes building etc. and can be detrimental to health.Therefore the discharge standard of the pollutants such as NOX by
Year is stringent.The control method of nitrogen oxides mainly has denitrating flue gas and combustion denitration two major classes at present.Common denitrating flue gas side
Method mainly includes selective catalytic reduction and selective non-catalytic reduction method.Combustion denitration technology then include low NOX burner,
The methods of biomass or mud burning, Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal and flue gas recirculation.
Burner is the capital equipment of boiler, how to improve the stability of underload coal dust firing, while reducing the row of NOX
Put be coal powder burner research emphasis.Burning phase-splitting is a kind of key technology for realizing the super low nitrogen burning of coal dust.Its principle
It is that the burning phase-splitting of fugitive constituent N and char N are realized by air deep-graded.Usually by precombustion chamber type burner, respectively
Realize fugitive constituent in precombustion chamber, coke low temperature combustion with meagre oxygen in burner hearth.Not only the generation of fuel type NOX had been reduced, but also had reduced
The generation of thermal NO X, and then realize the super low nitrogen burning of coal dust.But existing band precombustion chamber type burner is in underload
When, air quantity and powder amount are not linear matched, and when First air air quantity being caused to reduce, coal powder density reduces excessive, non-stokehold powder feeding
When even occur pipeline sink powder phenomenon, seriously affect coal dust;The easy slagging of pre-burning chamber interior walls and outlet, and in pre-combustion chamber burner
The easy accumulated powder in heart wind channel, burning torch easily block;During boiler at low load is run, burner hearth degree of supercooling is big, flue gas recycled temperature mistake
It is low, it is unfavorable for reducing NOX generation and influences coal dust firing in precombustion chamber;For band precombustion chamber combustion system, in addition to First air,
Each secondary wind is all from hot wind after air preheater, is blown by the same air blower, causes each secondary wind string wind serious, each other influence compared with
Greatly.
Utility model content
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of super lower NOx combustion system of low-load combustion-stabilizing
System and its burner, structure is simple, and design rationally, can reduce nitrogen oxides, realizes full combustion of fuel and the low row of pollutant
It puts.
The utility model is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of super low NOX burner of low-load combustion-stabilizing, including precombustion chamber, the inlet side of precombustion chamber is successively from inside to outside
On the center wind duct, First air channel, direct current wind channel and the inner second air channel that are coaxially arranged and precombustion chamber external shell
Outer second air channel is set;
The center wind duct center is equipped with oil-gas two-way burning torch, and the setting that oil-gas two-way burning torch can stretch is in
On high energy ignition unit outside heart wind channel, telescopic end is extend out in precombustion chamber or burner hearth;If being offered on the side wall of precombustion chamber
The dry outer second air being connected to outer second air channel exports, and the part setting on outer second air channel beyond pre-burning room housing is several
Circumference wind snout;Flue gas and hot-air switching three-way is arranged in direct current wind channel, and one end connects direct current wind channel, and the other end is for connecing
Enter natural gas or flue gas, entrance of the third end as direct current wind channel.
Preferably, it is provided with telescopic sleeve on the inside of the First air channel, telescopic sleeve is along First air channel channel
Inner wall sliding extension.
Preferably, the inner second air channel interior is equipped at least three arc swirl vanes being evenly distributed.
Preferably, the exit in the First air channel sets gradually deep or light ring and steady flame tooth;It is uniformly arranged on deep or light ring
There are at least three openings.
Preferably, First air channel side is provided with First air entrance, and gas bypass is arranged;Inner second air channel and straight
It flows wind channel and shares entrance, inlet is divided by baffle;It is each at First air entrance, direct current wind channel and inner second air feeder connection
Equipped with a butterfly valve, pass through the ratio of regulating butterfly valve aperture regulation inner second air and outer second air.
Preferably, the outer second air outlet is inclined arc port, is acute angle with precombustion chamber wall surface angle;Outer second air
The adjustable gate that can be slided along opening direction is provided in outlet.
Preferably, the circumference wind snout includes the spout along the outer second air that outer second air channel is open radially upward,
The spout under the outer second air of outer secondary air channel distal opening setting, and it is separately positioned on spout and outer two on outer second air
Flap valve under secondary wind on spout.
A kind of ultralow NOX combustion system of low-load combustion-stabilizing, including burner described in above-mentioned any one, before burner
Hold the Bunker of connection, the sequentially connected boiler in burner rear end and air preheater;Bunker uses diameter-variable pipe and one
Secondary wind channel connection;The pre- hot output terminal of air preheater is divided into three parts, and three after preheating strand hot-air flow is by air-introduced machine point
It Yin Ru not be connect with direct current wind channel, inner second air channel and outer second air channel in burner.
Further, the flue gas of the boiler recycles by the road replaces hot wind to access burner;The preheating of air preheater
Output end is linked into boiler furnace through OFA pipeline.
Further, three strands of hot-air flows after preheating pass through direct current air piping, inner second air pipeline and outer second air respectively
Pipeline is introduced in burner respectively by air-introduced machine;First control valve and direct current air-valve are set in direct current air piping;Inner second air pipe
Road is connected in the direct current air piping between the first control valve and direct current air-valve, and the second control is set gradually on inner second air pipeline
Valve and inner second air valve;Outer second air pipeline is connected on the inner second air pipeline between the second control valve and inner second air valve,
Outer second air valve is provided on outer second air pipeline.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has technical effect beneficial below:
The utility model is by being arranged oil-gas two-way burning torch in center wind duct center, the work for playing radiator and lighting
With;Flue gas and hot-air switching three-way is arranged in direct current wind channel, using flue gas recirculation or is passed through natural gas, NOX is reduced, low
It is passed through hot wind when load, makes to burn more stable;The heated pyrolysis first of nitrogen organic compound in fuel is hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia
(NH3) and the intermediate products such as CN, these intermediate products can react under a small amount of Oxygen Condition with oxygen generates N2, to reach
The effect that fuel type NOX is generated is reduced, the discharge of NOX is effectively dropped.It is played and is helped by the overfire air port beyond pre-burning room housing
The effect of fuel completely burned is fired and makes, the intermediate products such as hydrogen cyanide burn under low-oxygen environment, not only reduce fire
Flame temperature, and hydrogen cyanide etc. can preferentially react generation H with oxygen under the conditions of oxygen is inadequate2O, N2And CO2, it is effectively reduced
The discharge of thermal NO X and fuel type NOX.
Further, the telescopic sleeve being arranged by First air channel internal layer can be stretched along inner wall sliding at low load
Contracting reduces First air aisle spare, improves First air and takes powder ability, prevents First air channel accumulated powder from dense dilute phase asthma being caused to be burnt.
Further, fuel increases concentration by the deep or light ring for being evenly arranged with opening, in precombustion chamber, fuel and straight
The natural gas fast pyrogenation burning that wind channel enters is flowed, and hot wind can be passed through in underload and stablize burning.
Further, by being uniformly arranged multiple swirl vanes in interior secondary air channel, swirl secondary air can be generated,
Flow back enough high-temperature flue gas, guarantees to stablize burning;Outer second air spout is there are adjustable gate, when underload, it is ensured that
Flow velocity reduces air capacity;Meanwhile outer second air spout is in arc-shaped, and is arranged at a certain angle, exports to form friendship in precombustion chamber
Wrong imaginary circle, flow back high-temperature flue gas, guarantees to stablize burning.Inside and outside Secondary Air hierarchical arrangement realizes the oxygen deprivation of pre-burning indoor low temperature
Burning reduces NOX and generates.
Further, fouling and slagging is avoided by the overfire air port obtained by opening, and by flap valve to every
The air inlet of a opening is flexibly controlled.
When changing load operation, pulverized coal bin can rationally be controlled using tapered pipeline defeated system described in the utility model
The fuel quantity sent, air preheater outlet hot wind is divided into three parts, i.e. direct current wind, inner second air, outer second air three parts, by rousing
Blower is sent into burner, and boiler smoke is recycled in access burner, realizes flue gas recirculation and low-load combustion-stabilizing.
Further, the pipeline for introducing three strands of air-flows through air-introduced machine designs for shunt, realizes that three strands of the independent of hot wind can
It adjusts.Backing wind is added in burner lower part, promotes burner lower furnace region coal dust after-flame.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of burner described in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the secondary air channel swirl vane figure of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the deep or light ring structure figure of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the outer second air spout structure figure of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the outer second air export structure figure of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the overall structure diagram of system described in the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model burner intake stack.
In figure: 1, high energy ignition unit;2, oil-gas two-way burning torch;3, telescopic sleeve;4, center wind duct;5, primary
Wind channel;6, First air entrance;7, flue gas and hot-air switching three-way;8, butterfly valve;9, direct current wind channel;10, inner second air is logical
Road;11, swirl vane;12, deep or light ring;13, steady flame tooth;14, outer second air channel;15, scalable valve;16, outer second air
Outlet;17, circumference wind snout;18, precombustion chamber;19, air-introduced machine;20, it is open;21, spout on outer second air;22, outer second air
Lower spout;23, flap valve;24, Bunker;25, burner;26, π type furnace;27, air preheater.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiment, described is to the utility model
Explanation rather than limit.
A kind of super low NOX burner of low-load combustion-stabilizing of the utility model, including precombustion chamber 18, the entrance one of precombustion chamber 18
On side setting center wind duct 4,18 shell of First air channel 5, direct current wind channel 9 and inner second air channel 10 and precombustion chamber
The outer second air channel 14 of setting.Oil-gas two-way burning torch 2, oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 are housed by 4 center of center wind duct
Side is high energy ignition unit 1;Oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 can be stretched out by the end of high energy ignition unit 1, and be stretched out by front end
To precombustion chamber 18 or burner hearth, radiator and efficiently igniting are realized;Several outer second air outlets are offered on the side wall of precombustion chamber 18
16, several circumference wind snouts 17 are arranged in 18 hull outside of precombustion chamber;First air is entered by the First air entrance 6 in First air channel 5,
And gas bypass is set, realize that First air wind-warm syndrome is adjustable;Flue gas and hot-air switching three-way 7 is arranged in direct current wind channel 9, with interior two
Secondary wind channel 10 shares entrance, is opened by barrier partitions, realizes that underload hot-air surely fires, and high load capacity flue gas recirculation reduces
NOX;There are adjustable gates for outer second air outlet 16, it is ensured that flow velocity reduces air capacity.
The utility model is by using to oil-gas two-way burning torch 2, First air channel 5, deep or light ring 12, direct current wind channel 9,
It is low negative to obtain described one kind for the improvement of inside and outside Secondary Air export structure and outer second air spout structure and Bunker pipeline etc.
The super low NOX burner that lotus is surely fired, as shown in Figure 1 comprising precombustion chamber 18, the inlet side of precombustion chamber 18 is successively from inside to outside
Coaxial sleeve is equipped with center wind duct 4, First air channel 5, direct current wind channel 9 and inner second air channel 10,18 external shell of precombustion chamber
Outer second air channel 14 is set on body.4 center of center wind duct is equipped with oil-gas two-way burning torch 2,2 side of oil-gas two-way burning torch
For high energy ignition unit 1;Oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 is stretched out by the end of high energy ignition unit 1, and extend out to pre-burning by front end
In room 18 or burner hearth;Several outer second air outlets 16 being connected to outer second air channel 14 are offered on the side wall of precombustion chamber 18,
Several circumference wind snouts 17 are arranged in 18 hull outside of precombustion chamber;First air is entered by First air entrance 6;Direct current wind channel 9 is arranged
Flue gas and hot-air switching three-way 7 share entrance with inner second air channel 10, are separated by baffle.
There are telescopic sleeve 3, the tubular structures to be close to vias inner walls in the First air channel 5, can be primary in underload
The fuel being deposited on barrel is sent into precombustion chamber 18 by air quantity hour.
The end of the oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 connects high energy ignition unit 1, can send oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 to furnace
Thorax carries out radiator work, can also shrink oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 in high energy ignition unit 1.Oil-gas two-way burning torch 2 is pacified
Mounted in the center of center wind duct 4, when igniting, protrudes into precombustion chamber 18, completes firing action.
As shown in Fig. 2, being equipped with the equally distributed arc swirl vane 11 of at least three inside inner second air channel 10;This is excellent
Example is selected to be illustrated for 8.
Deep or light ring 12 and steady flame for improving the stability of fuel combustion is arranged in the exit in the First air channel 5
Tooth 13.As shown in figure 3, deep or light ring 12 uses newly designed structure, it is open at least provided with three, on this preferred embodiment, ring
It is upper total there are four opening 20, play the role of pressurizeing to fuel concentration.
The First air channel 5 can be passed through coal dust, can also be passed through biomass fuel or powdery mud or any two
A or three compound powders.
Respectively there are a butterfly valve 8 in the First air entrance 6, direct current wind channel 9 and 10 inlet of inner second air channel, pass through tune
Save the ratio of valve opening adjustable inner second air and outer second air.
Flue gas and hot-air switching three-way 7 is arranged in direct current wind channel 9, using flue gas recirculation, can be passed through hot wind and
Natural gas can reduce NOX, be passed through hot wind in underload, make to burn more stable.
Several outer second air outlets 16 are provided in the precombustion chamber 18, the outer second air outlet 16 is inclined arc
Mouthful, it is at an acute angle with 18 wall surface angle of precombustion chamber, preferably 60 °;And there are adjustable gates 15, as shown in figure 5, being used to adjust
The size of outer second air amount reduces air capacity while guaranteeing Secondary Air flow velocity.
The circumference wind snout 17 is special construction, as shown in figure 4, being divided into spout 21 and outer second air on outer second air
Lower spout 22, spout flap valve 23, adjustable spout Secondary Air ratio up and down make outer second air play one's part to the full, reach
The effect of fuel combustion supporting and after-flame.
In a kind of ultralow NOX combustion system of low-load combustion-stabilizing of the utility model, the Bunker of 25 front end of burner connection
24 are connected to using diameter-variable pipe with First air channel 5;The sequentially connected boiler in 25 rear end of burner and air preheater 27, this
Boiler in preferred embodiment uses π type furnace 26;The pre- hot output terminal of air preheater 27 can be divided into three parts by partition, or
It is arranged using shunt;Three strands of hot-air flows after preheating are introduced in burner 25 respectively by air-introduced machine 19, with direct current wind channel
9, inner second air channel 10 and outer second air channel 14 connect.
As shown in fig. 7, the intake stack of burner 25 is arranged using shunt comprising shunt the direct current air hose of setting
Road, inner second air pipeline and outer second air pipeline.Three strands of hot-air flows after preheating pass through direct current air piping, inner second air respectively
Pipeline and outer second air pipeline are introduced in burner 25 respectively by air-introduced machine 19;First control valve and straight is set in direct current air piping
Flow air-valve;Inner second air pipeline is connected in the direct current air piping between the first control valve and direct current air-valve, inner second air pipeline
On set gradually the second control valve and inner second air valve;Outer second air pipeline is connected between the second control valve and inner second air valve
Inner second air pipeline on, outer second air valve is provided on outer second air pipeline;To realize direct current wind, inner second air, outer
Secondary Air it is independently adjustable.
In a kind of ultralow NOX combustion system of low-load combustion-stabilizing of the utility model, as shown in fig. 6, the flue gas of boiler is through pipe
Road recycling replaces hot wind to access burner 25;The pre- hot output terminal of air preheater 27 is linked into boiler furnace through OFA pipeline
In, the OFA of setting can make entire burner hearth be in low temperature combustion with meagre oxygen state, reduce NOX.
The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.This reality
Can commercially with the novel middle standardized element used, shaped piece is according to specification and attached drawing record
Customized to carry out, the specific connection type of each part is all made of mature in the prior art bolt, rivet, welding, stickup etc.
Conventional means, this will not be detailed here.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the utility model is not by the limit of above-described embodiment
System, the description of the embodiments and the specification only illustrate the principle of the present utility model, is not departing from utility model patent essence
Under the premise of mind and range, the utility model also has various changes and improvements, these changes and improvements both fall within claimed
The scope of the utility model in.The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.