CN101363625B - Large speed ratio centrally powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal - Google Patents
Large speed ratio centrally powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101363625B CN101363625B CN2008101372006A CN200810137200A CN101363625B CN 101363625 B CN101363625 B CN 101363625B CN 2008101372006 A CN2008101372006 A CN 2008101372006A CN 200810137200 A CN200810137200 A CN 200810137200A CN 101363625 B CN101363625 B CN 101363625B
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Abstract
A center-feeding eddying flow pulverized coal burner with large speed ratio relates to a center-feeding eddying flow pulverized coal burner. The burner aims at solving the problem of slag bonding caused by laying refractory materials between the center-feeding eddying flow pulverized coal burner and a water cooling wall or the problems of heavy work load, long cycle and high expense caused by improving a hearth water cooling wall when the center-feeding eddying flow pulverized coal burner is adopted for improving an old boiler unit to discharge low NOx. A conical pulverized coal separator is arranged in a primary wind tunnel, an internal secondary wind tunnel is arranged outside the primary wind tunnel, an external secondary wind tunnel is arranged outside the internal secondary wind tunnel, and an internal low-speed wind tunnel is arranged between the primary wind tunnel and the internal second wind tunnel, an external low-speed wind is arranged outside the external secondary wind tunnel. The center-feeding eddying flow pulverized coal burner can ensure that the burner has high burnout efficiency, stable combustion capability and anti-slagging capability, and can further reduce the NOx discharge amount at the outlet of the hearth. Therefore, the center-feeding eddying flow pulverized coal burner is better suitable for improving the old boilers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal.
Background technology
Increasingly serious along with environmental issue, station boiler is to NO
xThe requirement of discharging is also more and more higher.NO
xExcessive emissions will cause serious atmosphere pollution, not only destroy environment, health that also can harm humans." The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution " that on September 1st, 2000 carried out proposed boiler NO
xThe requirement of control emission.State Bureau of Environmental Protection has issued " thermal power plant's atmosphere pollutants emission standards " (GB13223-2003) on December 23rd, 2003, has clearly stipulated the NO of thermal power plant in the standard
xDischarge capacity, the NO of China's fired power generating unit simultaneously
xDischarge capacity is to carry out the zero-emission expenses standard.According to the national conditions of China, if old boiler unit is not taked low NO
xEmission measure will be difficult to satisfy NO
xEmission request.
In China, large quantities of old boilers are arranged because of structural defective, exist NO
xThe problem that discharge capacity is too high.Want well to address this problem, reduce NO
xEnvironmental requirement is satisfied in discharging, and one of effective method is at roof of the furnace combustion exhausted wind apparatus to be installed.Combustion exhausted wind apparatus has been realized the burning of stove internal classification, and the excess air coefficient that makes primary combustion zone forms reducing atmosphere less than 1, thereby suppresses NO
xGenerate, reduced NO
xDischarge capacity.After roof of the furnace was installed combustion exhausted wind apparatus, the secondary wind air quantity of burner can reduce about 30%.Powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal hangs down NO to old boiler unit at the center of employing
xWhen discharging is transformed; give powder burner for the assurance center and do not have influence on the performance of burner because of the reduction of secondary air flow; usually can take following two kinds of schemes: scheme one, reduce the inside and outside overfire air port area of burner, guarantee burner design parameter and low NO
xThe performance of discharging and steady combustion.Because reducing of the inside and outside overfire air port area of burner, burner outermost layer nozzle diameter also can reduce, make and produce certain clearance (as shown in Figure 1) between center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal and the furnace wall cooling, if under the situation of not transforming water-cooling wall 12, can only in this gap, lay refractory material 20.The zone that is equipped with refractory material is equivalent to wall with refractory lining, refracto, very easily forms slagging scorification in this zone, and serious slagging scorification meeting has influence on the safe and stable operation of boiler; Scheme two still adopts the inside and outside overfire air port Method for Area that reduces burner, guarantees burner design parameter and low NO
xThe performance of discharging and steady combustion.Simultaneously,, furnace wall cooling is transformed, reduced the furnace wall cooling opening diameter in order to realize well being connected between burner nozzle and the furnace wall cooling.But the workload of transforming water-cooling wall is big, the cycle is long and expense is high, also may have influence on the security of boiler water cycle.Therefore adopt the center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal that the vortex burner of old boiler unit is transformed, be difficult to obtain a comparatively ideal result.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal, old boiler unit is hanged down NO to solve employing center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal
xWhen discharging was transformed, employing was laid refractory material and is caused the problem of slagging scorification or adopt the mode that furnace wall cooling is transformed to have the problem that workload is big, the cycle is long, expense is high between center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal and water-cooling wall.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be: described burner comprises wind passage, taper coal dust classifier, interior secondary wind air door baffle plate, interior secondary air channel, interior secondary wind cyclone, the enlarging of interior secondary wind, the enlarging of outer secondary wind, outer secondary air channel, outer secondary wind air door baffle plate and outer secondary wind cyclone one time; In the described wind passage taper coal dust classifier is installed, the arranged outside of a wind passage has interior secondary air channel, the arranged outside of interior secondary air channel has outer secondary air channel, secondary wind air door baffle plate in the air inlet place of secondary air channel is equipped with in described, air outlet one end of interior secondary air channel and the smaller diameter end of interior secondary wind enlarging are affixed, secondary wind cyclone in being equipped with in the interior secondary air channel, the air inlet place of described outer secondary air channel is equipped with outer secondary wind air door baffle plate, outer secondary wind cyclone is installed in the outer secondary air channel, the arranged outside of secondary wind enlarging has the enlarging of outer secondary wind in described, and air outlet one end of described outer secondary air channel is affixed with the smaller diameter end of outer secondary wind enlarging; Described burner also comprises inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate, inboard low velocity wind passage, inboard low velocity wind cyclone, inboard low velocity wind enlarging, outside low velocity wind enlarging, outside low velocity wind cyclone, outside low velocity wind baffle plate and outside low velocity wind passage; Be provided with inboard low velocity wind passage between a described wind passage and the interior secondary air channel, the inboard of interior secondary wind enlarging is provided with inboard low velocity wind enlarging, air outlet one end of described inboard low velocity wind passage and the smaller diameter end of inboard low velocity wind enlarging are affixed, in the inboard low velocity wind passage inboard low velocity wind cyclone is installed, the air inlet place of inboard low velocity wind passage is equipped with inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate, the arranged outside of described outer secondary air channel has outside low velocity wind passage, the arranged outside of described outer secondary wind enlarging has outside low velocity wind enlarging, air outlet one end of outside low velocity wind passage and the smaller diameter end of outside low velocity wind enlarging are affixed, outside low velocity wind cyclone is installed in the low velocity wind passage of the outside, and the air inlet place of outside low velocity wind passage is equipped with outside low velocity wind baffle plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: one, the present invention has realized that burner outermost layer nozzle diameter well is connected with the water-cooling wall perforate, after adopting large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal, solved the problem of laying refractory material between center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal and the water-cooling wall and causing slagging scorification, and do not need furnace wall cooling is transformed, workload and transformation cycle have been reduced, reduce improvement expenses, guaranteed the security of boiler water cycle.Two, the present invention is inboard low velocity wind, interior secondary wind, outer secondary wind and outside low velocity wind with secondary air separating, has further realized the radial air fractional combustion, progressively replenishes coal dust firing requisite oxygen amount, the more efficiently NO that suppressed
xGeneration.And the inboard low velocity wind wind speed of rotation is 3-5m/s, and air quantity is lower, has reduced the secondary air flow that is diffused into the recirculating zone, center, has further strengthened reducing atmosphere in the recirculation zone of center, makes coal dust NO under reducing atmosphere
xGrowing amount reduce, suppressed NO effectively
xGeneration, make primary combustion zone NO
xDischarge capacity further reduce.What three, burner of the present invention was close to a wind is inboard low velocity wind, be convenient at burner central area formation negative pressuren zone, the diameter and the length of recirculating zone, center are increased, and the recirculating zone, center is a reducing atmosphere, big recirculating zone, center also makes the reducing atmosphere district strengthen, thereby the time of staying of coal dust under reducing atmosphere prolonged, make primary combustion zone NO
xDischarge capacity further reduce.Four, after existing old boiler adopts large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal, can guarantee that burner has preferably burn-up efficiency, surely fires ability and preventing outside the slagging scorification ability, can also further reduce furnace outlet NO
xDischarge capacity.Therefore, the present invention is a kind of old boiler improvement, lower NO of being applicable to
xThe large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal of discharging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of large speed ratio of the present invention center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, the burner of present embodiment comprises wind passage 1, taper coal dust classifier 2, interior secondary wind air door baffle plate 4, interior secondary air channel 7, interior secondary wind cyclone 8, interior secondary wind enlarging 11, outer secondary wind enlarging 13, outer secondary air channel 15, outer secondary wind air door baffle plate 6 and outer secondary wind cyclone 19 one time; A described wind passage 1 is arranged in the center of burner, in the wind passage 1 taper coal dust classifier 2 is installed, the arranged outside of a wind passage 1 has interior secondary air channel 7, the arranged outside of interior secondary air channel 7 has outer secondary air channel 15, secondary wind air door baffle plate 4 in the air inlet place of secondary air channel 7 is equipped with in described, air outlet one end of interior secondary air channel 7 and the smaller diameter end of interior secondary wind enlarging 11 are affixed, secondary wind cyclone 8 in being equipped with in the interior secondary air channel 7, the air inlet place of described outer secondary air channel 15 is equipped with outer secondary wind air door baffle plate 6, outer secondary wind cyclone 19 is installed in the outer secondary air channel 15, the arranged outside of secondary wind enlarging 11 has outer secondary wind enlarging 13 in described, and air outlet one end of described outer secondary air channel 15 is affixed with the smaller diameter end of outer secondary wind enlarging 13; Described burner also comprises inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate 3, inboard low velocity wind passage 5, inboard low velocity wind cyclone 9, inboard low velocity wind enlarging 10, outside low velocity wind enlarging 14, outside low velocity wind cyclone 16, outside low velocity wind baffle plate 17 and outside low velocity wind passage 18; Be provided with inboard low velocity wind passage 5 between a described wind passage 1 and the interior secondary air channel 7, the inboard of interior secondary wind enlarging 11 is provided with inboard low velocity wind enlarging 10, air outlet one end of described inboard low velocity wind passage 5 and the smaller diameter end of inboard low velocity wind enlarging 10 are affixed, in the inboard low velocity wind passage 5 inboard low velocity wind cyclone 9 is installed, the air inlet place of inboard low velocity wind passage 5 is equipped with inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate 3, the arranged outside of described outer secondary air channel 15 has outside low velocity wind passage 18, the arranged outside of described outer secondary wind enlarging 13 has outside low velocity wind enlarging 14, air outlet one end of outside low velocity wind passage 18 and the smaller diameter end of outside low velocity wind enlarging 14 are affixed, outside low velocity wind cyclone 16 is installed in the outside low velocity wind passage 18, and the air inlet place of outside low velocity wind passage 18 is equipped with outside low velocity wind baffle plate 17.
The air feed of the inboard low velocity wind passage 5 in the present embodiment, interior secondary air channel 7, outer secondary air channel 15 and outside low velocity wind passage 18 is all from the secondary air box of burner.By regulating the aperture of inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate 3, interior secondary wind air door baffle plate 4, outer secondary wind air door baffle plate 6 and outside low velocity wind baffle plate 17, can regulate the air quantity that enters each passage, adjust the wind speed of each passage.Interior secondary wind cyclone 8, inboard low velocity wind cyclone 9, outside low velocity wind cyclone 16 are consistent with the direction of rotation of outer secondary wind cyclone 19, can adjust the swirl strength of burner outlet by the angle of adjusting each cyclone, change recirculating zone, center size.Each cyclone can adopt fixed blade, also can adopt adjustable vane.
In addition, part-structure of the present invention can be diversified, is that eddy flow, outside low velocity wind are the form of direct current as adopting inboard low velocity wind, interior secondary wind and outer secondary wind, adjusts rotation by the aperture of adjusting each passage air door baffle plate, changes the size of recirculating zone; Also can make inboard low velocity wind, interior secondary wind, outer secondary wind and outside low velocity wind is eddy flow, by secondary wind cyclone 8, inboard low velocity wind cyclone 9, outside low velocity wind cyclone 16 and the angle of outer secondary wind cyclone 19 or the position in passage in regulating, adjust swirl strength, form suitable recirculating zone, center.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2, the angle δ of the angle γ of the inboard low velocity wind enlarging 10 of present embodiment and the angle α of wind passage 1 central axis, interior secondary wind enlarging 11 and the angle β of wind passage 1 central axis, outer secondary wind enlarging 13 and wind passage 1 central axis and outside low velocity wind enlarging 14 and wind passage 1 central axis all between 15 °-35 °, can guarantee to enter the air quantity abundance in the burner hearth.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2, the inboard low velocity wind passage 5 of present embodiment, interior secondary air channel 7, outer secondary air channel 15 and outside low velocity wind passage 18 are coaxial with a wind passage, can guarantee that wind enters in the burner hearth uniformly from each wind passage.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is a kind of large speed ratio of the present invention center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal to be applied to a 600MW use embodiment on the pulverized-coal fired boiler of bituminous coal, and promptly the pulverized-coal fired boiler that described 600MW is used bituminous coal adopts the operating mode of center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal (scheme one) and large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal (scheme two) to simulate respectively.Result of calculation shows: compare with scheme one, after adopting large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal (scheme two), recirculating zone, center diameter is increased to 1.33D by 1.1D (D is a burner outermost layer nozzle diameter), and the center reflux area length is increased to 2.0D by 1.9D; The average N O of furnace outlet place
xDischarge capacity by 448mg/m
3(convert O
2Concentration be 6%) be reduced to 327mg/m
3(convert O
2Concentration be 6%), decrease by 27%; Boiler thermal output rises to 92.01% by 91.28%.Therefore, behind the employing large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal (scheme two), boiler has bigger recirculating zone, center, lower NO
xThe discharging and the higher thermal efficiency.
The expense of transforming a burner nozzle place water-cooling wall approximately is 120,000 yuans, compares with scheme two, and behind the powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal of employing large speed ratio center, the improvement expenses of every burner will be saved 120,000 yuans.Pulverized-coal fired boiler for a 600MW, have 32 vortex burners, the total cost of then transforming water-cooling wall is about 3,840,000 yuans, adopt large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal then this expense can be saved fully, reduced improvement cost, shorten the transformation cycle, also avoided influencing the generation of boiler water cycle safety issue.
By above research and analysis, adopt large speed ratio of the present invention center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal on old-fashioned pulverized-coal fired boiler, to use and to obtain good effect.
Operation principle is: the coal dust air of sending here from wind pulverized coal feed pipe through the taper coal dust classifier 2 in the wind passage 1 after, the center that coal dust is concentrated in burner sprays into burner hearth.Spray into the center recirculating zone core of position over against burner, the coal dust amount of passing through the recirculating zone, center increases, and coal dust prolonged in the recirculating zone time of staying.Because the existence of inboard low velocity wind passage 5, make that a wind was postponed with mixing of outer main secondary wind, and the inboard low velocity wind wind speed of rotation is 3-5m/s, air quantity is lower, reduced the secondary air flow that is diffused into the recirculating zone, center, further strengthened reducing atmosphere in the recirculation zone of center, and coal dust NO under reducing atmosphere
xGrowing amount reduce, suppressed NO effectively
xGeneration, make primary combustion zone NO
xDischarge capacity further reduce.Along with catching fire of coal dust, mix with inboard low velocity wind, interior secondary wind, outer secondary wind and outside low velocity wind gradually, guaranteed the oxygen that coal dust firing needs, help the after-flame of coal dust.Outside low velocity wind wind speed is 3-5m/s, and air quantity is little, but controllability is strong.The existence of inboard low velocity wind passage 5 and outside low velocity wind passage 18 has realized that burner outermost layer nozzle diameter well is connected with the water-cooling wall perforate, has realized lower NO again
xDischarge capacity, the while can also guarantee the steady combustion performance and the anti-slagging scorification performance of burner.
Claims (3)
1. large speed ratio center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal, described burner comprises a wind passage (1), taper coal dust classifier (2), interior secondary wind air door baffle plate (4), interior secondary air channel (7), interior secondary wind cyclone (8), interior secondary wind enlarging (11), outer secondary wind enlarging (13), outer secondary air channel (15), outer secondary wind air door baffle plate (6) and outer secondary wind cyclone (19); Taper coal dust classifier (2) is installed in the described wind passage (1), the arranged outside of a wind passage (1) has interior secondary air channel (7), the arranged outside of interior secondary air channel (7) has outer secondary air channel (15), secondary wind air door baffle plate (4) in the air inlet place of secondary air channel (7) is equipped with in described, air outlet one end of interior secondary air channel (7) and the smaller diameter end of interior secondary wind enlarging (11) are affixed, secondary wind cyclone (8) in being equipped with in the interior secondary air channel (7), the air inlet place of described outer secondary air channel (15) is equipped with outer secondary wind air door baffle plate (6), outer secondary wind cyclone (19) is installed in the outer secondary air channel (15), the arranged outside of secondary wind enlarging (11) has outer secondary wind enlarging (13) in described, and air outlet one end of described outer secondary air channel (15) is affixed with the smaller diameter end of outer secondary wind enlarging (13); It is characterized in that: described burner also comprises inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate (3), inboard low velocity wind passage (5), inboard low velocity wind cyclone (9), inboard low velocity wind enlarging (10), outside low velocity wind enlarging (14), outside low velocity wind cyclone (16), outside low velocity wind baffle plate (17) and outside low velocity wind passage (18); Be provided with inboard low velocity wind passage (5) between a described wind passage (1) and the interior secondary air channel (7), the inboard of interior secondary wind enlarging (11) is provided with inboard low velocity wind enlarging (10), air outlet one end of described inboard low velocity wind passage (5) and the smaller diameter end of inboard low velocity wind enlarging (10) are affixed, in the inboard low velocity wind passage (5) inboard low velocity wind cyclone (9) is installed, the air inlet place of inboard low velocity wind passage (5) is equipped with inboard low velocity wind air door baffle plate (3), the arranged outside of described outer secondary air channel (15) has outside low velocity wind passage (18), the arranged outside of described outer secondary wind enlarging (13) has outside low velocity wind enlarging (14), air outlet one end of outside low velocity wind passage (18) and the smaller diameter end of outside low velocity wind enlarging (14) are affixed, outside low velocity wind cyclone (16) is installed in the outside low velocity wind passage (18), and the air inlet place of outside low velocity wind passage (18) is equipped with outside low velocity wind baffle plate (17).
2. a kind of large speed ratio according to claim 1 center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal is characterized in that: the angle δ of the angle γ of the angle β of the angle α of described inboard low velocity wind enlarging (10) and a wind passage (1) central axis, interior secondary wind enlarging (11) and a wind passage (1) central axis, outer secondary wind enlarging (13) and a wind passage (1) central axis and outside low velocity wind enlarging (14) and a wind passage (1) central axis is all between 15 °-35 °.
3. a kind of large speed ratio according to claim 1 and 2 center powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal is characterized in that: a described wind passage (1), inboard low velocity wind passage (5), interior secondary air channel (7), outer secondary air channel (15) and outside low velocity wind passage (18) are coaxial.
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CN2008101372006A CN101363625B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Large speed ratio centrally powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal |
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CN2008101372006A CN101363625B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Large speed ratio centrally powder-feeding cyclone burner for pulverized coal |
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CN101363625B true CN101363625B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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CN112443833B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2023-01-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Pulverized coal fired boiler with bottom-mounted burner and control method thereof |
CN112944383A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Cyclone burner and system thereof |
CN113803715A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-17 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System for solving problem of slag bonding of surrounding water-cooled wall of cyclone burner |
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