CN108433222A - 电容型的可拉伸触摸板 - Google Patents

电容型的可拉伸触摸板 Download PDF

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CN108433222A
CN108433222A CN201810077350.6A CN201810077350A CN108433222A CN 108433222 A CN108433222 A CN 108433222A CN 201810077350 A CN201810077350 A CN 201810077350A CN 108433222 A CN108433222 A CN 108433222A
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touch tablet
stretchable
strain gauge
resistance
resistance strain
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O·科巴诺鲁
L·赞琪
G·巴纳齐利
M·N·阿克恰伊
K·洛伊安
O·阿克德米尔
F·恰拉尔
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Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
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Abstract

揭示了一种电容型可拉伸触摸板(10)，包括其中结合了多个导电元件的可拉伸纺织品织物(20)。各导电元件是形成用于检测由触摸导致的电容变化的电极的电阻应变仪(30、40)。还揭示了一种用于操作可拉伸触摸板(10)的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：连续测量由可拉伸触摸板(10)的电阻应变仪(30、40)提供的电容模拟信号；以及将所测量的电容信号与阈值做比较以便确定是否已经发生触摸，其中根据电容的实际测量并根据所述电阻应变仪(30、40)的电阻来连续调整该阈值，该电阻应变仪(30、40)形成所述触摸板(10)的电容器电极。

Description

电容型的可拉伸触摸板
本发明涉及电容型的可拉伸触摸板。
可拉伸电阻织物或弹性体作为应变仪是本领域已知的。用导电材料实现的触摸传感器也是本领域已知的。在这些应用中，一般由与电容传感器迹线中的每一者串联的电阻器来建立电子输入级的静电放电(ESD)保护。
也已知的是，触摸传感器一般在固态或坚硬基板上实现并一般是不可穿戴的。由于应变仪的功能所指示的本质，应变仪始终在可拉伸基板上实现。
US2016018274揭示了纺织品压力传感器，其包括针织金属针并被设计成在纵向和在横向两者都是有弹性的。纺织品压力传感器的针织织物配置至少在其区域中导电的第一和第二结构。中间隔离元件被布置在第一与第二导电结构之间。由于纺织品结构不能在各种方向延伸的事实，该纺织品压力传感器的表面和电容两者都是不恒定的。这可能导致压力测量中的误差。因此，这些延伸的效应必须通过例如延伸测量来补偿。
具体地，上述文档描述了使用应变仪阵列来测量纺织品织物的伸长量从而补偿进而影响计算出的压力的容量变化。
然而，以上现有技术的纺织品压力传感器的主要目的是测量压力，或者更准确地，通过使用电极之间的电容来测量沿织物的压力分布作为现象以间接测量压力。
US2015294756揭示了柔性压力检测平台，其包括夹在第一电极层与第二电极层之间的至少一层绝缘材料，每个电极层包括嵌入到柔性材料中的条带电极阵列。基于特定垂直和水平导电条带的交叉点处的电容变化来测量压力。
US20160048235描述了交互式纺织品。交互式纺织品包括编织到交互式纺织品中的导电线网格以形成被配置成检测触摸输入的电容触传感器。检测到的触摸输入可被用于控制远程设备。
本发明的目的是创建可作为触摸传感器和/或作为应变仪来操作的可拉伸织物。
这个以及其它目的是通过电容型可拉伸触摸板来实现的，该电容型可拉伸触摸板包括其中结合了多个导电元件的单向或双向可拉伸纺织品织物，其特征在于，所述导电元件是电阻应变仪，该电阻应变仪形成提供由触摸导致的电容信号变化的电极。
该实施例的优势在于以上结构结合了触摸板的功能，触摸板即可被用作触摸输入设备的设备以及使测量表面可拉伸触摸板的伸长以及此种伸长在3D中的位置、方向和表面成为可能的应变仪。
更具体地，应变仪的存在同样允许在拉伸事件之时校正个体触摸传感器的电容变化。因此，可拉伸触摸板的功能是双重的：i)提供对触摸传感器的校正，以及ii)监视织物的伸长以及此类伸长的方向。
在本发明的另一实施例中，电阻应变仪沿双向阵列中的垂直方向设置并且绝缘材料被放置在所述电阻应变仪的交叉点处。
该实施例的优势在于，由于在该特定情形中应变仪也是柔性电阻器的事实，不需要静电放电(ESD)保护电阻器以读取触摸传感器的输出。
在本发明的又一实施例中，电阻应变仪包括印刷到可拉伸纺织品织物上的电阻弹性涂层。
在另一实施例中，电阻应变仪还可包括印刷到条带上的电阻弹性涂层筛网。
可拉伸纺织品织物还可在两个垂直方向中具有不同的伸长性质。
本发明还涉及用于操作如上所述的可拉伸触摸板的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
-连续测量由可拉伸触摸板提供的电容模拟信号；以及
-将所测量的电容信号与阈值作比较以便确定是否已经发生触摸，
其中根据形成所述触摸板的电容器电极的电阻应变仪的电阻来连续调整所述阈值。
该实施例的优势在于，它允许通过根据应变仪的电阻变化调整触摸事件检测算法以在检测二进制触摸事件中获得更好的敏感性。
根据本发明，该方法进一步包括以下步骤：
-测量电阻应变仪的电阻变化；
-使用所测量的电阻变化作为伸长以校正因电阻应变仪的伸长而导致的寄生电容误差。
较佳实施例是从属权利要求的目标。
现将参照所附非限定示意图通过示例来更详细地描述本发明，其中相同标记表示相同元件，并且其中：
图1a示出了根据本发明的第一实施例的电容型的可拉伸触摸板；
图1b示出了根据本发明的另一实施例的电容型的可拉伸触摸板；
图2示出了适于读取图1a和1b的可拉伸触摸板的任何一者的输出的控制电路的电路图；以及
图3示出了表示根据本发明的实施例的触摸检测方法的操作的示例的示图。
现在将参照附图来描述示例性实施例，无意限定应用和用途。
在图1a中，表示了电容型可拉伸触摸板10，其中可拉伸触摸板10包括其中结合了多个导电元件的可拉伸纺织品织物20。
导电元件30中的每一者具有两个端口，因为电流流经每个元件30导致跨各端口的压降，每个元件因此具有两个路由32，一个路由进入相应的元件30而一个路由退出该元件30并且还具有两个接触垫35。
以类似方式，导电元件40中的每一者具有两个路由42，一个路由进入相应的元件30而一个路由退出该元件30并且还具有两个接触垫45。
具体地，各导电元件可以是形成适于提供由触摸导致的电容信号变化的电极的电阻应变仪30、40。
电阻应变仪30、40可向控制单元90提供代表电容的此种变化的信号。
控制单元90被设计成连续测量此类信号并通过将此类信号与可变阈值做比较将其解读为触摸事件，阈值是电容的实际测量和形成触摸板10的电容器电极的电阻应变仪的电阻两者的函数。
可拉伸纺织品织物20可在两个垂直方向中具有不同的伸长性质。
电阻应变仪30、40沿双向阵列中的垂直方向设置并且绝缘材料50被放置在电阻应变仪30、40的交叉点60处。
电阻应变仪30、40可包括印刷在可拉伸纺织品织物20或印刷在结合在该织物中的可拉伸条带上的电阻弹性涂层。
以此方式，可拉伸电阻应变仪30、40被创建，与金属电导体线相反，可拉伸电阻应变仪30、40可拉伸或伸长得像它们所应用的纺织品材料一样多，并且它们的电阻变化因变于所施加的伸长。
此外，电阻应变仪30、40可包括编织或针织到织物中的导电纱线或由所述导电纱线构成。
可拉伸触摸板10可被包括在可穿戴服装中。
可穿戴服装可包括例如藉由路由32、42以及接触垫34、45连接至所述可拉伸触摸板10的控制单元，以便检测和分析由触摸板10检测到的信号。
在图1b中，表示了电容型的替换可拉伸触摸板10’，其中导电元件30中的每一者以及导电元件40中的每一者使其路由之一被连接至接地(GND)。
图2中表示了适于读取可拉伸触摸板10的输出的控制电路90的电路图。
控制单元90包括电容-数字转换器(CDC)100，CDC 100被用于读取每个电容感测电极，即例如当用户与触摸板10交互时由电阻应变仪30、40提供的电信号。
更具体地，电流贯穿应变仪30、40并且在图2的电路的点N处测量可变电压，所测量的电压代表电阻应变仪30、40的电阻的变化。
即使未在图2的电路中示出，CDC 100还以如下方式连接至DQM 140：可出于本发明的目的对两个测量进行共同分析。CDC 100和DQM 140较佳地是相同微控制器的一部分。
因此，CDC 100可通过读取电容Cp(图2中用虚线描绘)作为触摸事件通道来操作，电容Cp即因耦合至相同的电子节点N的用户的触摸事件所导致的寄生电容。
控制单元90还包括二极管110和低通滤波器(LPF)120。
在二极管110的输出端处，可读取表示当被拉伸时电阻应变仪30、40的伸长的电压电平。
低通滤波器(LPF)120操作以便滤除读出电容信号的不想要的较高频率分量，并且控制单元90进一步包括模数转换器(ADC)130以将LPF 120的输出数字化。
低通滤波器(LPF)120较佳地是固定带宽的低通滤波器。
ADC 130可以是分开的元件或者可集成到微控制器中并且作为伸长事件通道来操作。
最后，控制单元90包括用于检测的可视化的数据质量监视器(DQM)140。DQM 140可作为由微控制器执行的软件来实现，并且还可放置到CDC 100与节点N之间以监视触摸事件。
一般来说，当被拉伸时，个体应变仪30、40的阻抗改变，这是进而降级寄生电容变化的检测的准确性的现象。
在控制单元90的上述电路中，因此各种元件交互以便检测触摸事件，同时补偿因个体传感器的伸长而导致的误差。
图3示出了表示根据本发明的实施例的触摸检测方法的操作的示例的示图。
本发明的触摸检测方法相对于现有技术具有增加对可穿戴传感器中的触摸事件的敏感性的目标，即在考虑因应变仪30、40的伸长导致的阻抗变化的情况下，允许仅在故意轻拍或触摸的情形中才检测触摸事件。
作为第一步骤，在上述控制单元90的示例性操作中，跟踪表示沿时间的不同电容值的原始数据(图3的曲线A)，其中此类电容值可以或可以不与触摸事件相关。
使用固定带宽低通滤波器(LPF)120，可计算原始数据平均曲线(曲线B)，即过滤原始数据并且经过滤数据是运行平均的。
随后在经过滤原始数据平均以及应变仪的电阻的基础上计算可变阈值(曲线C)作为传感器条带的伸长的显示。
如图3中所见，实际测量数据的第一峰值(检测到的触摸)比围绕参考320开始并围绕参考340结束的第二和较长检测的高度高得多。在此第二触摸事件期间，传感器条带被伸长，这是y轴上围绕1000进行触摸的较低测量的主要原因。在触摸事件期间，传感器条带逐渐释放，这进而随电阻下降逐渐增大阈值(C)和实际测量(A)两者。
在操作中，为了检测触摸事件，连续测量可拉伸触摸板的电容模拟信号，如曲线A中所描绘的。
将所测量的电容信号连续与曲线C的阈值作比较以便确定是否已经发生触摸事件。
如果所测量的电容具有大于可变阈值的值，则确定已经发生触摸事件并输出高逻辑值(等级1000处的曲线D)。
相反，如果所测量的电容具有低于可变阈值C的值，则确定尚未发生触摸事件并输出低逻辑值(等级0处的曲线D)。
如上所述，电容阈值的值不是固定的，而是根据所述电阻应变仪30、40的电阻的所测量的变化来连续调整。
电阻伸长的所测量的变化随后被用于校正因电阻应变仪30、40的伸长而导致的寄生电容误差。
此种方法的实现防止随机噪声和非故意峰值干扰触摸事件检测。
当然，应变仪也被用于监视触摸板表面正发生了什么，例如，服装的穿戴者对于穿戴此种服装的关节是如何弯曲的、在什么方向弯曲以及弯曲多大，因为应变仪能够报告此类信息。
这意味着在本发明中，由相同元件，即电阻应变仪30、40来执行触摸传感器和应变仪功能。
虽然在上述概要以及详细描述中给出了至少一个示例性实施例，但应当理解存在许多数量的变型。还应领会，该一个或多个示例性实施例仅是示例，并且不旨在以任何方式限制范围、适用性或配置。确切而言，上述概要和详细描述将向本领域技术人员提供用于实现至少一个示例性实施例的常规路线图，应理解，可在示例性实施例中描述的元件的功能和布置中作出各种变化，而不脱离如所附权利要求及其法律等效物所阐明的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种电容型的可拉伸触摸板(10)，所述可拉伸触摸板(10)包括其中结合了多个导电元件的单向或双向可拉伸纺织品织物(20)，其特征在于，所述导电元件是电阻应变仪(30、40)，所述电阻应变仪(30、40)形成提供由触摸导致的电容信号变化的电极。
2.如权利要求1所述的可拉伸触摸板(10)，其特征在于，所述电阻应变仪(30、40)沿双向阵列中的垂直方向设置，并且其中绝缘材料(50)被放置在所述电阻应变仪(30、40)的交叉点(60)处。
3.如权利要求1所述的可拉伸触摸板(10)，其特征在于，所述电阻应变仪(30、40)包括印刷到所述可拉伸纺织品织物(20)上的电阻弹性涂层筛网。
4.如权利要求1所述的可拉伸触摸板(10)，其特征在于，所述电阻应变仪(30、40)包括编织或针织到所述织物(20)中的导电纱线。
5.如权利要求1所述的可拉伸触摸板(10)，其特征在于，所述电阻应变仪(30、40)包括印刷到条带上的电阻弹性涂层筛网。
6.如权利要求1所述的可拉伸触摸板(10)，其特征在于，所述可拉伸纺织品织物(20)在两个垂直方向上具有不同的伸长性质。
7.一种包括根据权利要求1到6的可拉伸触摸板(10)的可穿戴服装。
8.如权利要求7所述的可穿戴服装，其特征在于，进一步包括控制单元(90)，所述控制单元(90)连接至所述可拉伸触摸板(10)以便分析由所述触摸板(10)检测到的寄生电容信号。
9.一种用于操作根据权利要求1到6的可拉伸触摸板(10)的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
-连续测量由所述可拉伸触摸板(10)提供的电容模拟信号；以及
-将所测量的电容信号与阈值作比较以便确定是否已经发生触摸，
其中根据电容的实际测量以及根据形成所述触摸板(10)的电容器电极的电阻应变仪(30、40)的电阻来连续调整所述阈值。
10.如权利要求9所述的用于操作可拉伸触摸板(10)的方法，所述方法进一步包括以下步骤：
-测量电阻应变仪(30、40)的电阻变化；
-使用所测量的电阻伸长变化以校正因所述电阻应变仪(30、40)的伸长而导致的寄生电容误差。
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