CN108432629B - A kind of selection of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient - Google Patents
A kind of selection of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient Download PDFInfo
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- CN108432629B CN108432629B CN201810145861.7A CN201810145861A CN108432629B CN 108432629 B CN108432629 B CN 108432629B CN 201810145861 A CN201810145861 A CN 201810145861A CN 108432629 B CN108432629 B CN 108432629B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of selections of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient, this method comprises: high zinc rice and low heavy metal are accumulated paddy rice cross breeding, then progeny seed and high zinc rice are returned；By DH1In generation, is planted in water planting in high zinc concentration aqueous solution, selects high zinc concentration tolerance type strain, and using Zn content in Determination Staining polished rice, screens high zinc content strain；By DH2In generation, is planted in the big Tanaka of at least two heavy metal pollution and screens；Then offspring is screened according to the same terms, obtains the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient.Not only there is high content zinc in rice polished rice of the present invention, iron, potassium content also above parent, and contents of heavy metal elements is extremely low, especially cadmium element, this method can be used for developing the kind of high zinc, low cadmium and low lead, while providing high-zinc nutrient rice for infant and pregnant woman, the safer low heavy metal rice trusted is also provided, and rice milling yield is high, exterior quality is good, Cooking Quality is good, is easier to be esthetically acceptable to the consumers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice breeding technology field more particularly to a kind of breeding sides of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient
Method.
Background technique
Zinc is " flowers of life " by good reputation, is the constituent of many metalloenzyme or the activator of some enzymes, participates in human body
More than 80 kinds of vital metabolics have raising intelligence, enhancing development, the improvement sense of taste, promotion appetite, enhancing immunity of organisms etc. more
Kind function.Zinc is primarily present in marine product and pluck, and the zinc content of other foods is seldom.
WHO and FAO tissue suggests that the intake of daily zinc should be 15mg or more.And rice is our people's three meals in a day
Staple food.Currently, the content of zinc is only averagely 10mg/Kg in commercially available general rice, human body pair can not be able to satisfy by normally having enough
The demand of zinc.
Thus, it is necessary to carry out the breeding of high zinc rice, by implementing diet strategy, meet human body to zinc nutrition from source
Demand, this is of great significance for mitigating and improving human body zinc deficiency status.
Heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is a kind of extremely strong cumulative bad nephrotoxin of toxicity and carcinogenic substance, and the cadmium (Cd) in rice is with rice
Rice is that the crowd of staple food takes in the main source of Cd.Lead contamination is serious to the harm of children, can cause nervous system in children, make
Significant change occurs for the histoorgans such as blood organ and kidney, and the height of blood lead content can be in children's intelligence (IQ) in children's body
Inversely.
Therefore, the breeding for reinforcing high zinc content, the new rice variety that low heavy metal is accumulated, would be even more beneficial to push safe battalion
Support the industrialized development of type agricultural product.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient, this method breeding is obtained
Rice varieties polished rice in not only with the Zn-ef ficiency of high level, iron, potassium element content also above parent, an and huge sum of money
It is extremely low to belong to element (mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium) content, especially cadmium element, the selection can be used for developing high zinc in conjunction with low cadmium and low
The new rice variety of lead also provides safer trust while providing high-zinc nutrient rice for vast infant and pregnant woman
Low heavy metal rice.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of selection of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient, comprising:
(1) select high zinc rice for parent A, it is parent B that low heavy metal, which accumulates rice, and parent A is hybridized with parent B, is obtained
Obtain F1For seed；
(2) F is planted1In generation, is returned with parent A, obtains BC1F1For seed；
(3) BC is planted1F1In generation, constructs double rate using Anther Culture mode, harvests DH by single plant1Generation kind
Son；
(4) by DH1Generation, which is planted in the aqueous solution of the element containing Treatment with High Concentration Zinc, carries out water planting, screening Treatment with High Concentration Zinc element tolerance
The strain of type, and decoration method primary dcreening operation is used in rice maturation, then by the Zn-ef ficiency content in single plant measurement rice polished rice, screening
The strain of high zinc content, obtains DH2For seed；
(5) by DH2In generation, is planted in the big Tanaka of at least two heavy metal pollution, measures and screens and is polluting big Tanaka
The strain for showing low-heavy metal content and high zinc content characteristic, obtains DH3For seed；
(6) DH is planted in the big Tanaka of heavy metal free pollution3In generation, measures and screens low-heavy metal content and high zinc content
Strain obtains DH4For seed；
(7) DH is planted4In generation, screens the sizing rice of low-heavy metal content and high zinc content, obtains high-zinc nutrient safe water
Rice varieties.
Content of beary metal and Zn content of the present invention refer both to the content of heavy metal and zinc in rice polished rice.The high zinc
Rice refers to the rice varieties of Zn content > 30.0mg/kg in rice polished rice；Low heavy metal accumulation rice refer to cadmium content <
0.02mg/kg, lead content < 0.05mg/kg rice varieties.(the step for indicating mode of reproduction is not known in selection of the present invention
Suddenly (4)~(7)) it is selfing.
Preferably, the parent A is the taste of grain grain.
" taste of grain grain " is the mini high zinc content japonica rice variety that Zhejiang University cultivates, and is purchased from agricultural college, Zhejiang University,
It is detailed in: in the breeding of the mini high zinc content rice of Zhang Linlin, Han Juanying, Liu Zhen, Shu little Li, Wu Dianxing and its feature
State's rice, 2011,17 (6): 66-68.Zn content in the rice varieties polished rice is up to 32.8mg/kg.
Preferably, the parent B is Xiushui 128.
" Xiushui 128 " is the high quality japonica of Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province academy of agricultural science breeding, is purchased from Zhejiang Province Jiaxing
City's academy of agricultural science passes through Shanghai authorization in 2015 (number: rice 2015005 is examined in Shanghai).Under the natural conditions of field, the product
Kind "None" rice blast and "None" bacterial leaf-blight occur, banded sclerotial blight " light ", and quality reaches 1 grade standard of national standard superior rice, and has low
The characteristic of cadmium and the accumulation of low lead.
It selects grain grain to grow, Xiushui 128 hybridization combo, and grows and be returned with grain grain, the safe rice of the high-zinc nutrient of breeding, is height
The efficient combination of zinc, low lead and the accumulation of low cadmium while production is obtained beneficial to micro- nutrition high zinc content, and is that low heavy metal is tired
Product meets the growth requirement of green safe good supply side reform very much.
Further preferably, the parent A is the taste of grain grain；The parent B is Xiushui 128.
Preferably, the aqueous solution of the element containing Treatment with High Concentration Zinc is zinc sulfate solution, wherein zinc is dense in step (4)
Degree is 50kg/hm2.The concrete operations of ciltivating process can be found in: the such as Li Zhigang Zn concentration accumulates and divides to paddy growth and zinc
The influence rice in China science matched, 2003,17 (1): 61-66
Preferably, the decoration method is dithizone decoration method in step (4).Concrete operations reference: Ozturk L etc.
.Concentration and localization of zinc during seed development and
germination in wheat.Plant Physiology,2006,128:144-152.
In step (4), the strain of the high zinc content is the rice strain of Zn content > 30.0mg/kg.
Preferably, the heavy metal pollution crop field is the Rice Cropping after heavy metal cadmium and lead contamination in step (5)
Field.
Further, the big Tanaka of the heavy metal pollution, the concentration of cadmium are 0.5~2.0mg/kg, the concentration of lead is 1.0~
3.0mg/kg。
By DH2The more than two different big Tanakas of heavy metal pollution of generation plantation, the selection result in different crop fields are carried out comprehensive
It closes, selects and show the strain of low-heavy metal content and high zinc content feature in different big Tanakas, be more advantageous to sizing rice
Screening.
Further, in step (5)~(7), the strain of the low-heavy metal content and high zinc content is that cadmium contains in polished rice
Amount < 0.02mg/kg, lead content < 0.05mg/kg, the rice strain of Zn content > 30.0mg/kg.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention is parent with high zinc rice and low heavy metal accumulation rice, and using the water planting side of different zinc concentrations
Method selects to stablize the strain of high zinc content, it is ensured that the high zinc kind of breeding is to belong to Zn-Ca series accumulation type, this is difference
The environment plant development of Zn content stablizes high zinc and lays a good foundation；Meanwhile the ground of two different low-heavy metal contents being selected to click through
Row selection, has also ensured the environmental reliability of selected strain low heavy metal characteristic.
(2) for the present invention with high zinc rice for parent A, the japonica rice of low-heavy metal content is parent B, and breeding obtains high-zinc nutrient
Safe rice varieties, not only with the Zn-ef ficiency of high level in the polished rice of the rice varieties, iron, potassium element content also above
Parent, and heavy metal element (mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium) content is extremely low, especially cadmium element.
(3) selection of the present invention can be used for developing the new rice variety that high zinc combines low cadmium and low lead, for numerous babies
While children and pregnant woman provide high-zinc nutrient rice, the safer low heavy metal rice trusted is also provided, peace is met very much
The growth requirement of complete good supply side reform.
(4) present invention is remarkably improved the segregation ratio of selection offspring's high zinc content using the strategy being returned with high zinc parent
Example helps to realize the characteristic that low cadmium and low lead are combined on the basis of the primary goal of high-zinc nutrient, to produce nutrition+safe agriculture
Product lays the foundation.
(5) present invention uses DH breeding technique, and when being selected, required character is stable, for using ciltivating process and
Representative heavy metal pollutes field plantation selection identification and provides convenience.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, breeding material:
(1) it is parent A that grain grain, which is grown,.
" taste of grain grain " is the mini high zinc content japonica rice variety that Zhejiang University cultivates, and is purchased from agricultural college, Zhejiang University,
It is detailed in: in the breeding of the mini high zinc content rice of Zhang Linlin, Han Juanying, Liu Zhen, Shu little Li, Wu Dianxing and its feature
State's rice, 2011,17 (6): 66-68.
Zn content in the rice varieties polished rice is up to 32.8mg/kg, and Heavy Metal Accumulation characteristic and common rice are general.
(2) Xiushui 128 is parent B.
" Xiushui 128 " is the high quality japonica of Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province academy of agricultural science breeding, is examined by Shanghai within 2015
Fixed (number: rice 2015005 is examined in Shanghai), is purchased from Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province academy of agricultural science.
Under the natural conditions of field, which occurs without rice blast and bacterial leaf-blight, and banded sclerotial blight is light, and it is excellent that quality reaches national standard
1 grade standard of matter rice, and the characteristic accumulated with low cadmium and low lead, Zn content 12mg/kg are similar with common rice.
2, the breeding of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient, detailed process is as follows:
(1) 2012 year spring, Hainan Lingshui are grown with grain grain for parent A, and female parent is made, miscellaneous with parent B (Xiushui 128) respectively
It hands over, obtains F1(grain grain taste/Xiushui 128) is for 4, seed；
(2) 2012 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant F1(grain grain taste/Xiushui 128) for 4 plants of plant, with A grains of parent
Backcrossing is grown, BC is obtained1F1(grain grain taste // grain grain taste/Xiushui 128) generation 41；
(3) 2013 year spring, Hainan Lingshui, plantation backcrossing BC1F1It in 41 plants of (grain grain taste // grain grain taste/Xiushui 128) generation, adopts
With Anther Culture mode, doubled haploid (DH) group is constructed；
(4) 2013 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou by single-strain planting, and harvest DH0For seed, DH is constructed1It is 393；
DH is planted in (5) 2014 year spring, Hainan Lingshui1In generation, takes ZnSO4.7H2It is 50kg/hm that O, which prepares zinc concentration,2's
Solution carries out water planting, strain 113 of high zinc concentration tolerance type is selected, in rice maturation, using decoration method primary dcreening operation Gao Xinpin
It is 96, then by the Zn-ef ficiency content in single plant measurement rice polished rice, selecting Zn content is more than strain 84 of 30mg/kg；
(6) 2015 year summer and autumn planted DH2In generation, in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province Shangyu, (concentration of cadmium is 1.0~2.0mg/ respectively
Kg, the concentration of lead are 1.0~2.0mg/kg) and Jinhua Yongkang (concentration of cadmium is 0.5~1.5mg/kg, the concentration of lead is 1.5~
The big Tanaka in the typical cadmium of 2 3.0mg/kg) and lead heavy metal pollution area plants, by cadmium content < 0.02mg/kg, lead
The selection criteria of content < 0.05mg/kg, Zn content > 30.0mg/kg, wherein detected in Shangyu and select low-heavy metal content
High zinc strain 19, detect and select high zinc strain 17 of low-heavy metal content in Yongkang, two places unanimously show low heavy
High zinc strain 13 of tenor；
(7) 2016 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant DH3Generation, in common big Tanaka's kind of heavy metal free contaminated areas
It plants, continues the selection criteria by cadmium content < 0.02mg/kg, lead content < 0.05mg/kg, Zn content > 30.0mg/kg, detection is simultaneously
Select high zinc strain 5 of low-heavy metal content；
(8) 2017 year summer and autumn, Zhejiang Hangzhou plant DH4Generation, still by cadmium content < 0.02mg/kg, lead content <
The selection criteria of 0.05mg/kg, Zn content > 30.0mg/kg, the sizing water for detecting and selecting high zinc content, low heavy metal to accumulate
Rice 1 is to get arriving the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient.
Zinc involved in the above method, cadmium, the measuring method of lead content are as follows: zinc: GB/T5009.14-2003；Cadmium: GB/
T5009.15-2003；Lead: GB/T5009.12-2003.
Some characteristic index records are as shown in table 1 in each generation.
Situation table is recorded in the screening of each generation character determination of table 1
The main index of sizing rice of the present embodiment breeding: Gao Xin, the efficient combination of low lead and the accumulation of low cadmium, i.e. zinc contain
Amount reaches 32.1mg/kg, and in heavy metal pollution field planting, cadmium and lead can obviously be accumulated less.And A grains of parent are grown in polished rice
Zn content be up to 32.8mg/kg, can also occur heavy metal pollution as common rice in heavy metal pollution field planting
The problem of；Parent's B Xiushui 128 Zn content be 12mg/kg, it is similar with common rice, in heavy metal pollution field planting cadmium and
Lead can significantly be accumulated less.
It is surveyed after above-mentioned screening obtains approved product, and to its multiple beneficial and harmful mineral element index
Fixed, approved product and its parent's index determining are shown in Table 2.
It is after obtaining approved product (the safe rice of high-zinc nutrient) using the above method, approved product is big in common rice
Tanaka plants, and mineral nutrient element to its multiple beneficial and harmful contents of heavy metal elements are determined, fixed
Type product and its parent's index determining are shown in Table 2.
The beneficial mineral nutrition and harmful heavy metal content of 2 grains tastes of table, Xiushui 128 and approved product compare
The measuring method of each index is as follows in table 2: calcium: GB/T5009.92-2003；Iron: GB/T5009.90-
2003；Phosphorus: GB/T5009.87-2003；Potassium: GB/T5009.91-2003；Magnesium: GB/T5009.90-2003；Zinc: GB/
T5009.14-2003；Mercury: GB/T5009.17-2003；Arsenic: GB/T5009.11-2003；Lead: GB/T5009.12-2003；Cadmium:
GB/T5009.15-2003。
On beneficial Mineral nutrients, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium equal size and 2 parents are similar in approved product, and Zn content is
32.1mg/kg is significantly higher than Xiushui 128, similar with the taste of grain grain, and iron and potassium content are higher than 2 parents.On heavy metal element, remove
The content of target lead and cadmium and parent's Xiushui 128 are similar, and the result of mercury and arsenic is not detect, are lower than 2 parents.
In addition, to approved product and two parents, in heavy metal slight pollution crop field, (cadmium content is between 0.2~1.0mg/
Kg, lead content are between 0.5~1.5) plantation after main rice quality index detected (table 3), discovery approved product can
Obvious strong environmental resistance can be shown because zinc is to the significant antagonism of heavy metal, growth is normal, and the grain of rice is full, performance
Good (protein contains for significantly higher head rice rate, exterior quality good (chalkness ratio is low, chalkiness degree is small, transparency is good), nutritional quality out
Amount is high), gel consistence is big and is not glutinous rice, and rice is soft without viscous, in good taste.
The main quality index and rice mouthfeel of 3 grains tastes of table, Xiushui 128 and approved product compare
Remarks: parent's perfume (or spice) blood glutinous 335 is glutinous rice, is snowy white, chalkness ratio, chalkiness degree and transparency no data
Therefore, this sizing rice is more advantageous to the health care of the mankind than parent product, especially can for vast infant and
While pregnant woman provides high zinc and high-speed rail Nutritive Rice, the safer low heavy metal rice trusted is provided.Meanwhile rice of being formed goes out rice
Rate is high, exterior quality is good, and Cooking Quality is good, is easier to be esthetically acceptable to the consumers.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in embodiment described above, it should be understood that
Above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all to be done in spirit of the invention
Any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of selection of the safe rice varieties of high-zinc nutrient characterized by comprising
(1) select high zinc rice for parent A, it is parent B that low heavy metal, which accumulates rice, and parent A is hybridized with parent B, obtains F1Generation
Seed；
(2) F is planted1In generation, is returned with parent A, obtains BC1F1For seed；
(3) BC is planted1F1In generation, constructs double rate using Anther Culture mode, harvests DH by single plant1For seed；
(4) by DH1Generation, which is planted in the aqueous solution of the element containing Treatment with High Concentration Zinc, carries out water planting, screening Treatment with High Concentration Zinc element tolerance type
Strain, and decoration method primary dcreening operation is used in rice maturation, then by the Zn-ef ficiency content in single plant measurement rice polished rice, screen high zinc
The strain of content, obtains DH2For seed；The aqueous solution of the element containing Treatment with High Concentration Zinc is zinc sulfate solution, wherein zinc concentration
For 50 kg/hm2；The decoration method is dithizone decoration method；
(5) by DH2In generation, is planted in the big Tanaka of more than two heavy metal pollutions, measures and screens and shows polluting big Tanaka
The strain of low-heavy metal content and high zinc content characteristic, obtains DH3For seed；The heavy metal pollution crop field is through heavy metal cadmium
With the rice planting field after lead contamination；The big Tanaka of heavy metal pollution, the concentration of cadmium are 0.5 ~ 2.0 mg/kg, the concentration of lead
For 1.0 ~ 3.0 mg/kg；
(6) DH is planted in the big Tanaka of heavy metal free pollution3In generation, measures and screens the strain of low-heavy metal content and high zinc content,
Obtain DH4For seed；
(7) DH is planted4In generation, screens the sizing rice of low-heavy metal content and high zinc content, obtains the safe rice product of high-zinc nutrient
Kind；
The parent A is the taste of grain grain；The parent B is Xiushui 128
In step (5) ~ (7), the strain of the low-heavy metal content and high zinc content is cadmium content < 0.02mg/kg in polished rice, lead
Content < 0.05mg/kg, the rice strain of Zn content > 30.0mg/kg.
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| CN110082348A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-02 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of rice Zn content rapid dyeing identification |
| CN116982550A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-11-03 | 浙江大学 | Breeding method of zinc-iron composite nutrition type rice |
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| CN106888963A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-27 | 浙江绿巨人生物技术有限公司 | A kind of high-resistance starch and pregnant woman's spy's meals seed selection method for rice of zinc proterties high polymerization |
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