CN108426594A - A kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating system of related algorithm - Google Patents
A kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating system of related algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/40—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light specially adapted for use with infrared light
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating systems of related algorithm, and the system comprises wideband light source, 50:50 couplers, sensor fibre and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, string has the FBG sensor of multiple and different reflection kernel wavelength, the light of light broadband light source to pass through 50 with certain bandwidth wherein in sensor fibre:59 couplers are incident in sensor fibre, and because of the effect of Bragg condition, the wavelength for meeting its condition reflected for the FBG sensors of different reflection kernel wavelength, the light transmission of ungratified wavelength；Extraneous parameter is just modulated onto in reflection wavelength, is entered in (FBG) demodulator via coupler and is demodulated.
Description
It is on May 24th, 2016 that the application, which is the applying date, application No. is CN201610349040.6, entitled one kind
The divisional application of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating algorithm based on signal relevant matches.
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensory field of optic fibre, and in particular to a kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating system of related algorithm.
Background technology
Fiber bragg grating (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG) sensor has rapidly become excellent sensor member
Part, being capable of measuring temperature, strain and a variety of physical quantitys such as pressure.It has high sensitivity, not by electromagnetic interference, water resistance
It is good, small, light-weight, reliability is high, can be embedded to the advantages that composite material.FBG is by extraneous parameter to reflection kernel wavelength
It is modulated to obtain heat transfer agent.Therefore, the key of FBG sensor-based systems demodulation is to measure the change of its reflection peak centre wavelength
Change.Currently, FBG centre wavelengths demodulation method can be divided into two classes：(1) it is based on the measurement or tunable of optical grating diffraction spectrophotometric spectra
The method of laser scans is such as detected using CCD, tunable optic filter etc.；(2) fixed filters are used, such as edge filter method
Deng.The problems such as that there are detection speeds is slow using tunable laser, and system cost is high；There are multipoint multiplexings for edge filter method not
Just, range and precision the problems such as there are contradictions.Using the CCD detection methods of plane grating or body grating because of its spectral detection speed
The advantages that degree is fast, and system cost is low, and multipoint multiplexing is simple is to be used widely.
But the peak-seeking demodulation result that this method obtains has direct relation with FBG reflection spectral resolutions.And it commonly uses
It is 1524.5~1570nm that the CCD of 256 pixels, which measures wave-length coverage, and system optics resolution ratio at this time is about 0.178nm.And it passes through
The wavelength shift for crossing the FBG strain sensing systems of calibration is about 1.14pm/ μ ε.At this point, the optical resolution of CCD is far below being
Wavelength resolution needed for system.Therefore this minor change in order to obtain, it usually needs the data of CCD outputs are carried out at algorithm
Reason, most commonly fitting algorithm, such as Gauss curve fitting algorithm.But the shortcomings that this algorithm exists clearly：(1) excessively according to
Rely obtained data, anti-noise ability poor；(2) FBG reflectance spectrums are larger with canonical function difference caused by the reasons such as encapsulation, cause
Error of fitting is larger.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of demodulating systems of demodulation accuracy under raising wavelength measurement error robustness and low signal-to-noise ratio.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating system of related algorithm, the system comprises
Wideband light source, 50:50 couplers, sensor fibre and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, wherein
String has the FBG sensor of multiple and different reflection kernel wavelength in sensor fibre, and the light of light broadband light source is by having
The 50 of certain bandwidth:59 couplers are incident in sensor fibre, and the FBG sensor of different reflection kernel wavelength is because of Bragg condition
Effect, the wavelength for meeting its condition reflected, the light transmission of ungratified wavelength；
Extraneous parameter is just modulated onto in reflection wavelength, is entered in (FBG) demodulator via coupler and is demodulated.
The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is based on multiorder diffractive grating and linear array infrared CCD principle, and light path uses transmission grating
Chromatic dispersion principle projects after reflectance spectrum is carried out dispersion processing on photodiode array photosurface；
Opto-electronic conversion is carried out to reflectance spectrum on photodiode array difference pixel, spectral information is converted into telecommunications
Number.
A kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating algorithm based on related algorithm, including：A) high-precision, height are obtained from spectrometer
The fiber grating reflection spectrum of spectral resolution is as the basic sequence f in discrete auto-correlation function1(n)；B) (FBG) demodulator is adopted again
Fiber grating reflection spectrum carry out pre- peak-seeking, the fiber grating reflection spectrum that (FBG) demodulator is adopted carry out zero padding obtain it is identical as basic sequence
The sequence f of length2(n)；C) basic sequence f1(n) the sequence f obtained after the zero padding adopted with (FBG) demodulator2(n), can be considered as same
Sequence is in different time as a result, therefore by carrying out autocorrelation calculation to two sequences：
D) by auto-correlation function and f2(n) after sequence alignment, from
The position of correlation function R (n) maximum values is exactly the position of peak value；E) result exports.
Preferably, wherein the sequence f2(n) it is obtained by following step：A) sequence f is chosen1(n) the extreme point f in1
(i) and in its right and left respectively take 3 points to sequence f1(n) it is intercepted, interception obtains sequence f2(n) ￠；B) to f2(n) ￠
Zero padding carries out zero padding and obtains the sequence f with basic sequence equal length2(n)。
It should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially and follow-up description in detail are exemplary illustration and explanation, it should not
As the limitation to the claimed content of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
With reference to the attached drawing of accompanying, the more purposes of the present invention, function and advantage are by the as follows of embodiment through the invention
Description is illustrated, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structural frames based on the matched fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating algorithm of signal autocorrelation according to the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the sensing demodulating system schematic diagram of the fiber grating of multiorder diffractive grating and linear array infrared CCD.
Fig. 3 (a) is the FBG peak wavelengths obtained using the method for relevant matches when numerical simulation FBG reflects spectrum wavelength
Comparison diagram.
Fig. 3 (b) is the FBG peak wavelengths obtained using the method for Gauss curve fitting when numerical simulation FBG reflects spectrum wavelength
Comparison diagram.
Fig. 3 (c) is the FBG peak wavelengths λ obtained by relevant matches sampled pointBWith wavelength actual value λTAbsolute error show
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 (d) is the FBG peak wavelengths λ obtained by Gauss curve fitting sampled pointGWith wavelength actual value λTAbsolute error show
It is intended to.
Fig. 4 is the FBG peak wavelength error comparison diagrams that Gauss curve fitting is obtained with Image Matching.
Fig. 5 is the practical reflection spectrogram using the FBG at 22 DEG C of high-precision spectrometer measurement room temperature.
Fig. 6 (a) be temperature from 32.2 DEG C~23.5 DEG C when, what the methods of high-precision spectrometer measurement and relevant matches obtained
The comparison diagram of center wavelength variation.
Fig. 6 (b) be temperature from 32.2 DEG C~23.5 DEG C when, what the method for high-precision spectrometer measurement and Gauss curve fitting obtained
The comparison diagram of center wavelength variation.
Specific implementation mode
Auto-correlation be signal analysis in concept, it indicate be at the same time sequence in any two different moments
Degree of correlation between value, it is the measurement of similitude between signal after signal and delay, when delay time is zero, at this time for
Its maximum value.
Continuously auto-correlation function is：
F (t) is the function of time, f (t) in formula (1)*For the conjugation of the function of time.For time delay.
Discrete auto-correlation function is：
F (n) is discrete series in formula (2), and N is discrete series f (n) length.
Fig. 1 shows the structure according to the present invention based on the matched fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating algorithm of signal autocorrelation
Block diagram.Discrete auto-correlation function is used in the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, first step 101 from spectrometer obtain high-precision,
The fiber grating reflection spectrum of high spectral resolution is as the basic sequence f in discrete auto-correlation function1(n), entering back into step 102 will
The fiber grating reflection spectrum that (FBG) demodulator is adopted carries out the pre- peak-seeking of step 103.Choose sequence f1(n) the extreme point f in1(i) and at it
The right and left respectively takes 3 points to sequence f1(n) it is intercepted, interception obtains sequence f2(n) ￠.Due to f2(n) in ￠ data compared with
Few, directly progress related algorithm resolution ratio is relatively low, and error is larger.It therefore must be to f2(n) ￠ zero paddings, progress zero padding obtains and motif
The sequence f of row equal length2(n).Because fiber grating reflection spectrum shape is not susceptible to change in actual use, it is believed that
When strain loading or temperature change, the reflection spectral shape of fiber grating will not change, therefore, basic sequence f1(n) and (FBG) demodulator
The sequence f obtained after the zero padding adopted2(n), same sequence can be considered as in different time as a result, subsequently into step 104
By carrying out autocorrelation calculation to two sequences：
By auto-correlation function and f2(n) after sequence alignment, the position of auto-correlation function R (n) maximum values is exactly the position of peak value
It sets.
Fig. 2 is the sensing demodulating system schematic diagram of the fiber grating of multiorder diffractive grating and linear array infrared CCD.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, wide spectrum light source is ASE (amplified spontaneous emission source).The light of wideband light source is by having the 50 of certain band logical：50 couplers enter
It is mapped in sensor fibre.String has the FBG sensor of multiple and different reflection kernel wavelength, different reflection kernel wavelength in sensor fibre
FBG sensor because of the effect of Bragg condition, the wavelength for meeting its condition reflected, the light transmission of ungratified wavelength.This
When, extraneous parameter is just modulated onto in reflection wavelength, is entered in (FBG) demodulator via coupler and is demodulated.The solution used herein
Adjust instrument be based on multiorder diffractive grating and linear array infrared CCD principle, light path use transmission grating chromatic dispersion principle, reflectance spectrum into
It is projected on photodiode array photosurface after row dispersion processing, thus to reflection on photodiode array difference pixel
Spectrum carries out opto-electronic conversion, and spectral information is converted to electric signal, is used for subsequent demodulation.
The present invention is based on multiorder diffractive grating shown in Fig. 2 and the sensing demodulating systems of the fiber grating of linear array infrared CCD.
Assuming that demodulation wave-length coverage is 1524.5~1570nm, CCD is 256 pixels.To make emulation closer to the Practical Project of FBG
Using in conjunction with the field trial experience of this seminar for a long time, herein using one by two similar Gaussian peak superposition shapes
At inclined peak as simulated spectra, the centre wavelength of this spectrum is：1543.933nm.
Translation of the numerical simulation FBG reflectance spectrums in wavelength direction, and with 256 points on fixed wave length to translation after
FBG reflectance spectrums are sampled, with simulation loading process.Fig. 3 (a) is that numerical simulation FBG uses relevant matches when reflecting spectrum wavelength
The comparison diagram of FBG peak wavelengths that obtains of method.Fig. 3 (b) is when numerical simulation FBG reflects spectrum wavelength using Gauss curve fitting
The comparison diagram for the FBG peak wavelengths that method obtains.Fig. 3 (a), 3 (b) be numerical simulation FBG reflectance spectrums wavelength shift 0.001~
The FBG peak wavelengths that the method that Gauss curve fitting and relevant matches are respectively adopted when 0.312nm, i.e. 1~300 μ ε of corresponding load obtains
Comparison diagram.Fig. 3 (c) is the FBG peak wavelengths λ obtained by relevant matches sampled pointBWith wavelength actual value λTAbsolute error show
It is intended to.Fig. 3 (d) is the FBG peak wavelengths λ obtained by Gauss curve fitting sampled pointGWith wavelength actual value λTAbsolute error signal
Figure.The FBG peak wavelengths λ obtained by relevant matches sampled pointBWith wavelength actual value λTAbsolute error eae=lB-lT-
Within the scope of 0.010~0.005nm, such as Fig. 3 (c).The corresponding FBG peak wavelengths λ obtained by Gauss curve fitting sampled pointGWith
Wavelength actual value λTAbsolute error ebs=lB-lTWithin the scope of -0.043~0.112nm, such as Fig. 3 (d).
In the case that numerical simulation FBG reflectance spectrums remain stationary as, with same sample mode, to its continuous sampling 1000
It is secondary.Fig. 4 is the FBG peak wavelength error comparison diagrams that Gauss curve fitting is obtained with Image Matching.It can be with after averaging to it
See the mean absolute error ε of relevant matchesasLess than the mean absolute error ε obtained using traditional Gauss algorithmbs.Emulation knot
Fruit shows, compared to the conventional method that Gauss curve fitting sampled point reconstruct FBG reflectance spectrums obtain FBG peak wavelength shift amounts, uses
The error stability for the FBG peak wavelength shift amounts that the new method of relevant matches sampled point obtains substantially increases and absolute error
Substantially reduce.
Fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating algorithm according to the present invention based on related algorithm is tested by following experiment
Card analysis：
The practical reflectance spectrum of the FBG at 22 DEG C of room temperature, FBG peak values are measured using high-precision spectrometer (model AQ6370D)
Wavelength is 1556.849nm, and is preserved after it is based on power normalization, as shown in Figure 5.Fig. 5 is to be surveyed using high-precision spectrometer
Measure the practical reflection spectrogram of the FBG at 22 DEG C of room temperature.
Water-bath experiment measures the drift that FBG peak wavelengths are generated with strain variation, makes its temperature from 32.2 DEG C~23.5 DEG C,
Deformation process is measured and recorded using high-precision thermometer, has 256pixel's using in 1524.5~1570nm wave-length coverages
Line array CCD optical fiber grating regulating system measures the FBG reflectance spectrums to drift about by strain variation generation wavelength, and CCD is to FBG reflectance spectrums
Measurement point wavelength interval is about 0.178nm.Fig. 6 (a) be temperature from 32.2 DEG C~23.5 DEG C when, high-precision spectrometer measurement and phase
Close the comparison diagram for the center wavelength variation that matched method obtains.By the peakdeviation amount obtained and height of the method for relevant matches
For the peakdeviation amount of precision spectrometer within the scope of -0.0331~0.055nm, the standard deviation of error is about 0.0266.Fig. 6 (b)
For temperature from 32.2 DEG C~23.5 DEG C when, center wavelength variation that the method for high-precision spectrometer measurement and Gauss curve fitting obtains
Comparison diagram.The peakdeviation amount of the peakdeviation amount obtained by the method for Gauss curve fitting and high-precision spectrometer -0.088~
Within the scope of 0.2844nm, the standard deviation of error is about 0.1001.
Embodiment the result of actual measurement shows that, compare the conventional method that Gauss curve fitting FBG reflectance spectrums obtain peakdeviation amount, adopt
The FBG peakdeviation amount errors obtained with the new method of relevant matches are more stable and accuracy increases substantially.
The present invention proposes a kind of new method based on the matched FBG peak value demodulations that are concerned with, and is different for high-acruracy survey
Type FBG reflection peak wavelength shifts.Compared with traditional Gauss curve fitting FBG peak value demodulation methods, has the following advantages：1) pass through
High-precision spectrometer collection original spectral data, can adapt to the true form of FBG reflectance spectrums, reduce reflection peak shape to solution
The influence for adjusting algorithm, effectively increases the accuracy of FBG peak value demodulations.2) significantly enhance demodulating algorithm to peak value with actually adopt
The unwise sensitivity of sampling point relative position, improves the degree of stability of error.Experiment results proved is using correlation matching algorithm pair
Than traditional Gauss algorithm, error reduces half, and error robustness greatly improves.
Explanation in conjunction with the present invention disclosed here and practice, the other embodiment of the present invention is for those skilled in the art
It all will be readily apparent and understand.Illustrate and embodiment is regarded only as being exemplary, true scope of the invention and purport are equal
It is defined in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating system of related algorithm, which is characterized in that the system comprises wideband light source,
50:50 couplers, sensor fibre and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, wherein
String has the FBG sensor of multiple and different reflection kernel wavelength, the light of light broadband light source certain by having in sensor fibre
The 50 of bandwidth:59 couplers are incident in sensor fibre, the work of the FBG sensors of different reflection kernel wavelength because of Bragg condition
With the wavelength for meeting its condition is reflected, the light transmission of ungratified wavelength；
Extraneous parameter is just modulated onto in reflection wavelength, is entered in (FBG) demodulator via coupler and is demodulated.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator be based on multiorder diffractive grating and
Linear array infrared CCD principle, light path use transmission grating chromatic dispersion principle, and linear array light is projected after reflectance spectrum is carried out dispersion processing
On electric explorer photosurface；
Opto-electronic conversion is carried out to reflectance spectrum on photodiode array difference pixel, spectral information is converted into electric signal.
3. a kind of fiber grating reflection spectrum demodulating algorithm based on related algorithm suitable for demodulating system described in claim 1, packet
It includes：
A) high-precision, the fiber grating reflection spectrum of high spectral resolution are obtained as the base in discrete auto-correlation function from spectrometer
Sequence f1(n)；
B) fiber grating reflection spectrum for again adopting (FBG) demodulator carries out pre- peak-seeking, and the fiber grating reflection spectrum that (FBG) demodulator is adopted carries out
Zero padding obtains the sequence f with basic sequence equal length2(n)；
C) basic sequence f1(n) the sequence f obtained after the zero padding adopted with (FBG) demodulator2(n), same sequence can be considered as when different
Between as a result, therefore by carrying out autocorrelation calculations to two sequences：
D) by auto-correlation function and f2(n) after sequence alignment, the position of auto-correlation function R (n) maximum values is exactly the position of peak value；
E) result exports.
4. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the sequence f2(n) it is obtained by following step：
A) sequence f is chosen1(n) the extreme point f in1(i) and in its right and left respectively take 3 points to sequence f1(n) it is intercepted,
Interception obtains sequence f2(n)￠；
B) to f2(n)￠Zero padding carries out zero padding and obtains the sequence f with basic sequence equal length2(n)。
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| CN113358239A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-07 | 长春工业大学 | FBG-based wavelength feature identification method |
| CN113790743A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-14 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Wavelength demodulation algorithm for fiber grating sensing system |
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| CN109141827B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2020-07-07 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Spectrum peak searching method applied to tunable filter optical performance detection device |
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| CN105823497B (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| CN108426594B (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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