CN108423992B - Process for producing enameled steel plate with cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface - Google Patents
Process for producing enameled steel plate with cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN108423992B CN108423992B CN201810524676.9A CN201810524676A CN108423992B CN 108423992 B CN108423992 B CN 108423992B CN 201810524676 A CN201810524676 A CN 201810524676A CN 108423992 B CN108423992 B CN 108423992B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 67
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- VFMPIADMFBRPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium urea nitrite Chemical compound N(=O)[O-].[Na+].NC(=O)N VFMPIADMFBRPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/06—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a glaze material and a process for producing an enameled steel plate with a cobblestone-like concave-convex surface, which comprises the steps of preparing flaky enamel by mixing the glaze material prepared by a certain mass fraction, carrying out ball milling on part of the flaky enamel to obtain glaze powder, spraying a covering layer on a soleplate, carrying out primary drying on the enameled steel plate with the covering layer, slowly immersing the enameled steel plate into water, taking out the enameled steel plate, flatly paving the flaky enamel on the surface of the wet enameled steel plate, carrying out secondary drying, firing and preserving heat; taking out the finished enameled pressed steel with the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface, and cooling to normal temperature; the glaze material can be firmly and uniformly attached to the surface of the enamel backing plate, the viscosity and the surface tension of the glaze material are proper in the firing process, the process can be used for preparing the enamel steel plate with the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface, and the glaze layer of the prepared enamel steel plate is three-dimensional and mellow in shape and has high gloss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a process for producing an enameled pressed steel with a cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface.
Background
At present, enamel artistic decorative plates on the market mainly take flat plates as main parts, and the style is relatively simple. Based on the enamel manufacturing process, the enameled pressed steel is a material combining a ground coat overglaze and a pressed steel substrate.
The utility model discloses a be CN 2325404Y's utility model patent in the grant publication number, this kind of panel has the colored glaze layer at the local or whole surface firing of metal plate body's single face or double-sided, but this kind of colored glaze metal decorative board's unevenness's pattern or decorative pattern are processed on metal plate body and form, can not control the pattern that changes this decorative panel surface through the thickness of control glaze layer.
In order to match the expansion coefficient of the enamel with the underlying enamel steel plate, the enamel cannot be sprayed to be too thick wholly or locally during manufacturing so as to prevent shrinkage and porcelain explosion. Furthermore, the research on the enamel layer in the market at present is focused on the change of color, and the product developed by the enamel layer is hardly visible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a glaze for producing an enameled steel plate with a cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface, wherein the glaze can be firmly and uniformly attached to the surface of an enameled backing plate, and the viscosity and the surface tension of the glaze in the firing process are proper, so that the concave-convex surface with the cobblestone-imitated effect can be favorably formed.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a glaze for producing an enameled steel sheet with a cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface comprises the following substances in parts by mass:
95-105 parts of base glaze; the base glaze is the most main component of the porcelain glaze and is the base material forming the porcelain surface.
4-8 parts of clay; the clay is used as suspending agent to make the glaze slip easy to operate without sedimentation.
1-5 parts of quartz; the quartz has the functions of reducing fish scaling and increasing glass texture.
0.1-0.8 part of urea; the urea functions to reduce the occurrence of glaze cracking.
0.1-0.5 part of sodium nitrite; sodium nitrite is used as a clouding agent to strengthen the drying film and prevent the glaze surface from tearing.
45-55 parts of water; the above materials are mixed uniformly by water.
Further preferably, the base glaze comprises the following substances in percentage by mass:
20-30% of potassium feldspar, 20-31% of silicon dioxide, 4-7% of fluorite, 3-7% of sodium nitrate, 5-8% of sodium carbonate, 15-18% of borax, 6-10% of antimony oxide, 2-4% of zinc oxide, 2-4% of titanium dioxide and 5.5-8% of sodium fluosilicate.
Potassium feldspar: the potassium feldspar is potassium silicate and is one of the main components of glaze
The silicon dioxide is a main glass network former, improves the chemical strength of the glaze, improves the whiteness, the transmittance and the chemical stability of the glaze, and reduces the expansion coefficient.
Fluorite is mineral material with calcium fluoride introduced into ceramic glaze, and is weak opacifier and fluxing material
Boron oxide and sodium oxide are introduced by borax, which has fluxing action and is helpful for coloring and adhesion
Material with sodium carbonate introduced into fluxing agent sodium oxide
Sodium nitrate is a strong oxidant in the process of melting porcelain glaze, and is a material for introducing fluxing agent sodium oxide
The zinc oxide has fluxing action, adjusts the physical and chemical properties of the porcelain glaze, reduces the expansion coefficient of the glaze material, and improves the glossiness
The titanium dioxide has the function of increasing the opacification of the porcelain glaze, and has acid resistance, luster and good opacification.
Antimony oxide as strong opacifier for porcelain glaze
Sodium fluosilicate is used as a strong flux, and can obviously reduce the melting temperature of porcelain glaze and the viscosity of a melt
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the glaze material with the cobblestone-imitating concave-convex surface enamel steel plate is prepared by selecting raw materials such as base glaze, clay, quartz, urea and the like according to a proper proportion, the glaze material can be firmly and uniformly attached to an enamel soleplate, and the viscosity and the surface tension of the glaze material in the firing process are proper, so that the concave-convex surface with the cobblestone-imitating effect can be favorably formed.
Thereby achieving the above object of the present invention.
The invention also aims to provide a process for producing the enameled pressed steel with the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface, which can prepare the enameled pressed steel with the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface, and the glaze layer of the prepared enameled pressed steel is three-dimensional and smooth in shape.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a process for producing an enameled steel sheet with a cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the flaky porcelain glaze
a. Mixing raw materials: uniformly mixing the raw materials of the glaze to obtain a mixture of the glaze;
b. melting: putting the mixture of the glaze materials into a crucible for melting;
c. tabletting: preparing the molten glaze melt into flaky porcelain glaze through a tablet press;
(2) coating by spraying
Ball-milling part of the flaky porcelain glaze prepared in the step (1) to obtain glaze powder for spraying an enamel soleplate; uniformly spraying glaze powder on the surface of an enamel base plate to form an enamel steel plate with a covering layer; the covering layer is formed by spraying powder prepared by ball milling the flaky porcelain glaze on the surface of the enamel backing plate, namely the glaze powder in the covering layer and the flaky porcelain glaze for forming the concave-convex structure have the same components and the same preparation process, the covering layer of the enameled pressed steel plate is matched with the flaky porcelain glaze in performance, and the flaky porcelain glaze for forming the concave-convex structure on the surface can be better combined with the covering layer on the surface of the enameled pressed steel plate to form when being formed by melting, so that the expansion coefficients of the enamel backing plate and the glaze layer on the surface in the enameled pressed steel plate are consistent, and the problems of porcelain explosion or glaze shrinkage and the like are not easy to occur.
The enameled bottom plate produced by the normal process can be used, such as an enameled steel plate made of ground coat overglaze produced by Carobiya, Froude and the like, and the glaze material in the invention has good universality.
(3) The enameled steel plate with the covering layer is dried for the first time; and (4) pre-curing the covering layer through primary drying to prevent the glaze powder in the covering layer from scattering in the step (4) to influence the cobblestone effect on the surface of the enamel steel plate.
(4) Slowly immersing the enameled pressed steel into water and then taking out; the ceramic glaze in the covering layer after the first drying is softened but not too soft to be slurried, so that the flaky ceramic glaze is favorably paved on the surface of the covering layer of the enameled steel sheet; the shape of the concave-convex surface can be controlled by controlling the placement of the flaky porcelain glaze.
(5) Flatly paving the flaky enamel in the step (1) on the surface of the wet enameled steel plate, and drying the enameled steel plate for the second time; the second drying in the invention is to make the sheet enamel stick on the surface of the enamel steel plate along with the drying of the glaze powder in the covering layer below the sheet enamel.
(6) And firing into a finished product: placing the enameled pressed steel plate with the flat-laid sheet-shaped enamel into a sintering furnace for sintering, and preserving heat; taking out the finished product, and cooling to normal temperature. The concave-convex degree of the enamel layer on the surface of the enameled steel plate can be adjusted by controlling the thickness of the sheet-shaped enamel, but the sheet-shaped enamel is not suitable to be too thick, the sheet-shaped enamel is generally not more than 3mm, otherwise, the firing time is prolonged, and the region which is not covered by the layer of fused block is easy to be fired to be yellow, black and other symptoms.
Preferably, the temperature of the mixture for melting the glaze in the step (1) is 1200-1250 ℃, and the melting time is 1-3 h. Wherein the melting temperature of the glaze is obtained by the following formula through calculation,
wherein, the fusibility T of the porcelain glaze is a fusibility value, Wa1，Wa2，……WanIn order to contain the fluxing compound, Ya1，Ya2......YanIs the melting factor, W, of the fluxing compoundb1，Wb2……WbnIs a content of a refractory component, Yb1，Yb2……YbnIs the fusibility factor of the refractory component.
According to the comparison table of the melting value and the temperature. The sintering time is measured according to the amount of the materials. The sintering process is carried out at any time to observe whether the melting process is complete.
Preferably, the glaze powder subjected to ball milling in the step (2) is sieved, and the number of the sieved meshes is 60-80 meshes; the volume weight of the glaze powder is 1.6-1.7 g/ml. The purpose of sieving in the invention is to filter out some larger particles so as to avoid influencing the beautiful appearance of the porcelain surface and ensure that the surface of the prepared enamel steel plate is smooth and round.
Preferably, the thickness of the capping layer is 120-300 μm. The thickness of the covering layer exceeds 300 mu m, the thickness is too thick, and the glaze corner is easy to crack porcelain. If the thickness of the covering layer is less than 120 mu m, the covering layer on the surface of the ceramic steel plate is too thin, and the prepared enamel steel plate is easy to leak black and is burnt; therefore, a high quality enameled steel sheet cannot be obtained regardless of the thickness of the coating layer, which is less than 120 μm or more than 300. mu.m.
Preferably, the first drying process conditions in the step (3) are as follows: the temperature is 70-120 deg.C, and the time is 10-30 min. The first drying adopts the process conditions to dry the glaze powder in the covering layer, and the covering layer is formed; the glaze powder on the surface of the covering layer of the enamel steel plate after primary drying is prevented from falling off in the process of immersing in water, the uniformity of the surface of the covering layer is influenced, and the firm combination of the flaky enamel and the covering layer is also influenced.
Preferably, the surface of the enamel steel plate in the step (4) is cleaned of the waterlogged layer and the integrity of the covering layer is kept. Once a water accumulation layer is prevented from being formed between the sheet-shaped porcelain glaze and the covering layer or the covering layer is not complete, the sheet-shaped porcelain glaze and the covering layer are not firmly combined, and the structural strength and the appearance of the enameled steel plate are influenced; the technical scheme of the invention ensures that the enameled pressed steel not only has a cobblestone-like surface, but also has firm combination with the enamel soleplate, good mechanical property and good appearance by removing the water accumulation layer on the surface of the covering layer and ensuring the integrity of the covering layer. The water in which the enameled pressed steel is immersed is normal temperature, and the enameled pressed steel is taken out after being immersed, does not need to stay in the water, and only plays a role in softening the enamel in the covering layer, so that the phenomenon that the enamel in the covering layer is slurried when the contact time of the enamel and the water is too long and the covering layer falls off is prevented. The waterless enameled steel plate is beneficial to the flat laying of the flaky enamel on the surface of the covering layer.
Preferably, the process conditions of the second drying in the step (5) are as follows: drying at 40-70 deg.C for 5-10min, and then drying at 100-130 deg.C for 10-30 min. The step-segmented drying process has two advantages; on one hand, the water in the enamel glaze of the enameled steel sheet can not volatilize too fast at the temperature of 40-70 ℃ (low temperature), the water in the enamel glaze on the surface of the enameled steel sheet slowly and uniformly leaves the surface of the enamel glaze, and the surface of the enameled steel sheet has fewer holes due to small bubbles volatilized by water vapor, so that the enameled steel sheet with a smooth surface can be obtained; on the other hand, the step-segmented low-temperature-first-high-temperature drying process can also avoid directly adopting a drying temperature of 100 plus 130 ℃ (high temperature) to cause the surface layer of the enamel on the surface of the enamel steel plate to be dried firstly, avoid the situation that the position under the sheet enamel, which is in contact with the covering layer, is large in overall thickness due to the covering of the sheet enamel, and slow in water vapor volatilization, the contact position of the sheet enamel and the covering layer is easy to form vacuole, once the vacuole is formed on the surface of the enamel steel plate, the surface of the enamel steel plate can form foam holes after being sintered, and further influence the; therefore, the secondary drying adopts a segmented and stepped low-temperature-first-high-temperature drying process, which is favorable for obtaining the smooth and round enameled steel plate with the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface.
The firing process conditions in the step (6) are preferably as follows: the temperature is 760-860 ℃, and the firing time is 4-10 min; the firing temperature and time of the enamel for the enameled steel sheet are determined according to the raw material, thickness, plate material, etc. of the enamel. The plate has long post-firing time, thick glaze and long firing time, and vice versa. The heat preservation process conditions in the step (6) are as follows: the temperature is 400 ℃ and 600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-5 min. The reason of heat preservation is to prevent the shock cooling, prevent that the glaze from dropping to low temperature sharply from high temperature, the cracked, porcelain explosion appears in plate porcelain face. The heat preservation temperature is 400-600 ℃ in the middle section, and the heat preservation is favorable for the balance and stability of each glaze in the melting, cooling and molding process of the porcelain glaze.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention sprays a covering layer on the enamel backing plate, spreads sheet-shaped enamel on the surface of the covering layer, and prepares the enamel steel plate with cobble-imitated concave-convex surface through the processes of firing and heat preservation, the enamel on the surface of the enamel steel plate comprises the covering layer and the sheet-shaped enamel fused with the covering layer into a whole through firing, the concave-convex surface model of the surface of the enamel steel plate is formed, because the glaze of the covering layer and the sheet-shaped enamel is the same and the preparation process is the same, the binding force of the enamel layer on the surface of the enamel steel plate is good, and the performances are matched, therefore, the enamel steel plate obtained through the invention has high structure strength, the concave-convex height difference of the surface can reach 1200 mu m, the three-dimensional model is obvious, the gloss G value is 96, the enamel steel plate has high gloss, and the corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of the enamel steel plate both reach the national standard, therefore, the enamel steel plate prepared through the invention has, can be widely applied to decorative plates.
Thereby achieving another object of the present invention as described above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an enameled pressed steel with a cobblestone-like concave-convex surface prepared by the glaze and the process of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The invention discloses a glaze material and a process for producing an enameled steel plate with a cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface, wherein the glaze material in the embodiment comprises the following substances in parts by mass:
100 parts of base glaze, 7 parts of clay, 1 part of quartz, 0.3 part of sodium nitrite, 0.3 part of urea and 50 parts of water.
The base glaze in the glaze in this embodiment is composed of the following raw materials by mass:
23% of potassium feldspar, 24% of quartz, 5% of fluorite, 5% of sodium nitrate, 7% of sodium carbonate, 15% of borax, 8% of antimony oxide, 3% of zinc oxide, 3% of titanium dioxide and 7% of sodium fluosilicate.
The process for producing the enameled pressed steel with the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing the flaky porcelain glaze
a. Mixing raw materials: uniformly mixing the raw materials of the glaze according to the mass fraction to obtain a mixture of the glaze;
b. melting: putting the mixture of the glaze materials into a crucible for melting; the process conditions are as follows: melting for 2.5h at 1250 ℃;
c. tabletting: solidifying the melted mixture of the glaze materials by a tablet press to prepare sheet-shaped porcelain glaze; the concave-convex degree of the surface of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the flaky enamel.
(2) Coating by spraying
Ball-milling part of the flaky porcelain glaze prepared in the step (1) to obtain glaze powder for spraying an enamel soleplate; sieving the glaze powder subjected to ball milling in the step (2), wherein the sieving mesh number is 80 meshes; the volume weight of the glaze powder is 1.64 g/ml.
Uniformly spraying glaze powder on the surface of an enamel base plate to form an enamel steel plate with a covering layer and an imitated cobblestone concave-convex surface; the covering layer is manually sprayed, and the thickness of the covering layer is 120-150 mu m.
(3) Carrying out primary drying on the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface enameled steel plate with the covering layer; the process conditions of the first drying are as follows: the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 20 min.
(4) Slowly immersing the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface enameled steel plate into water and then taking out; and (4) removing the waterlogged layer on the surface of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate in the step (4) and keeping the integrity of the covering layer. The water is used at normal temperature, and is taken out after being washed with water.
(5) Flatly paving the flaky enamel in the step (1) on the surface of the wet imitation cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate, and drying the imitation cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate for the second time; the process conditions of the second drying are as follows: drying at 50 deg.C for 10min, and then at 110 deg.C for 15 min.
(6) And firing into a finished product: placing the cobblestone-like concave-convex surface enameled steel plate tiled with the flaky enamel into a melting furnace for firing, wherein the firing process conditions are as follows: firing at 820 ℃ for 5 min; the process conditions of heat preservation are as follows: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ for 4 min; taking out the finished product of the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface enameled steel plate with the cobblestone-imitated surface, and cooling to normal temperature.
In this example (1), the thickness of the enamel layer of the enamel backing plate prepared by firing the ground coat and the overglaze is 100-150 μm.
Five values of the top, middle, bottom, left and right of the cobblestone-like uneven-surface enameled steel plate prepared in the embodiment measured by using an British Elcometer thickness gauge are shown in the following table 1; the gloss G value of the cobblestone-like uneven-surface enameled steel plate prepared in the example is shown in Table 2 by using a German BYK 6801 color difference meter.
Table 1 example 1 preparation of thickness values units of a cobblestone-like embossed enamelled steel sheet: mum of
| Item | Point one | Point two | Point three | Point four | Point five | Mean value |
| Glaze at bulge | 1320 | 1298 | 1247 | 1397 | 1321 | 1316.6 |
| Glaze of covering layer | 109 | 128 | 117 | 134 | 103 | 118.2 |
| Height difference | 1211 | 1170 | 1130 | 1263 | 1218 | 1198.4 |
As can be seen from the table 1, the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface enameled pressed steel manufactured by the embodiment has a concave-convex surface, the concave-convex height difference of the surface can reach 1200 mu m, and the sheet-shaped enamel forming the concave-convex surface is consistent with the raw material of the covering layer, so that the matching effect is good, the surface of the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface enameled pressed steel is round and smooth, and the stereoscopic modeling is obvious and attractive.
Table 2 example 1 gloss G value (here, gloss of the glaze layer) of a cobblestone-like concavo-convex-surface-enamel steel sheet
| Item | Point one | Point two | Point three | Point four | Point five | Mean value |
| Surface glaze layer | 95.6 | 96.4 | 95.8 | 96.2. | 96.2 | 96.04 |
As can be seen from table 2, the cobblestone-imitated rough-surface enameled steel sheet obtained in this embodiment has high gloss, and the surface of the cobblestone-imitated rough-surface enameled steel sheet with the cobblestone-imitated effect has high gloss and good decoration.
The corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the cobblestone-like concavo-convex enameled steel sheet manufactured in this example were measured as follows
Corrosion resistance:
acid resistance GB/T9989-: 2, level;
alkali resistance GB 9988-1988: no light loss;
mechanical properties:
abrasion resistance QB/t 1855-19935.8 strips with no obvious scratches;
hard object impact resistant QB/t 1855-19935.6 strips: the porcelain surface has no cracks and no porcelain falling.
As shown in fig. 1, the cobblestone-imitated rough-surface enameled steel sheet prepared in this example has a rough surface with cobblestone-imitated effect, which is smooth and has strong stereoscopic impression, and can be visually observed from fig. 1. Compared with the existing enamel plate decorative flat plate, the pattern of the invention has strong concave-convex sense and good visual impression. Thus, various enamel plate pieces with enamel modeling can be manufactured.
Example 2
The main difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the composition of the glaze and the manufacturing process parameters, the composition of the glaze in the present embodiment is detailed in table 3, the mass fractions of the components of the base glaze are detailed in table 4, the manufacturing process parameters are detailed in table 5, and the thickness, gloss G value, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate prepared in the present embodiment are detailed in table 6.
Example 3
The main difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the composition of the glaze and the manufacturing process parameters, the composition of the glaze in the present embodiment is detailed in table 3, the mass fractions of the components of the base glaze are detailed in table 4, the manufacturing process parameters are detailed in table 5, and the thickness, gloss G value, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate prepared in the present embodiment are detailed in table 6.
Example 4
The main difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the composition of the glaze and the manufacturing process parameters, the composition of the glaze in the present embodiment is detailed in table 3, the mass fractions of the components of the base glaze are detailed in table 4, the manufacturing process parameters are detailed in table 5, and the thickness, gloss G value, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate prepared in the present embodiment are detailed in table 6.
Example 5
The main difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the composition of the glaze and the manufacturing process parameters, the composition of the glaze in the present embodiment is detailed in table 3, the mass fractions of the components of the base glaze are detailed in table 4, the manufacturing process parameters are detailed in table 5, and the thickness, gloss G value, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate prepared in the present embodiment are detailed in table 6.
Example 6
The main difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the composition of the glaze and the manufacturing process parameters, the composition of the glaze in the present embodiment is detailed in table 3, the mass fractions of the components of the base glaze are detailed in table 4, the manufacturing process parameters are detailed in table 5, and the thickness, gloss G value, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the artificial cobblestone concave-convex surface enamel steel plate prepared in the present embodiment are detailed in table 6.
Table 3 tabulated unit Kg of mass amount of glaze in examples 1 to 6
| Serial number | Base glaze | Clay clay | Quartz | Sodium nitrite | Urea | Water (W) |
| Example 1 | 100 | 7 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 50 |
| Example 2 | 95 | 4 | 5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 50 |
| Example 3 | 105 | 6.5 | 3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 40 |
| Example 4 | 98 | 6 | 2.5 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 45 |
| Example 5 | 102 | 5 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 45 |
| Example 6 | 100 | 8 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 50 |
Table 4 list of base glaze components (%)
Table 5 list of process parameters used in examples 1 to 6
Table 6 table of performance indexes of the cobble-imitated rough-surface enameled steel sheets prepared in examples 1 to 6
The cobblestone-like rough-surface enameled steel plate is prepared by the formula and the process parameters of the examples 1 to 6, the cobblestone-like rough-surface enameled steel plate comprises a soleplate, a decorative glaze layer is arranged on the surface of the soleplate, the decorative glaze layer comprises a covering layer coated on the surface of the soleplate and a sheet-shaped enamel laid on the surface of the covering layer, the sheet-shaped enamel and the covering layer are sintered and fused into a whole to form the decorative glaze layer, and the decorative glaze layer is provided with a concave-convex surface.
Comparing the glaze, the base glaze and the process parameters of the 6 groups of the artificial cobblestone rough surface enameled pressed steel obtained in the table 6 by integrating the glaze, the base glaze and the process parameters of the embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the surface height difference is 1182-1227 mu m, so that the surfaces of the six artificial cobblestone rough surface enameled pressed steel have round and smooth rough surfaces with strong stereoscopic impression; the gloss G value is between 88.4 and 96, and the cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface enamel steel plates obtained in examples 1 to 6 all have high gloss; the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of the material both reach the national standard, and the material is firm and durable.
The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A process for producing an enameled pressed steel with a cobblestone-imitated concave-convex surface is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the flaky porcelain glaze
a. Mixing raw materials: uniformly mixing raw materials of glaze to obtain a mixture of the glaze;
b. melting: putting the mixture of the glaze materials into a crucible for melting;
c. tabletting: preparing the melted mixture of the glaze materials into sheet-shaped porcelain glaze through a tablet press;
the glaze comprises the following substances in parts by mass:
95-105 parts of base glaze;
4-8 parts of clay;
1-5 parts of quartz;
0.1-0.8 part of urea;
0.1-0.5 part of sodium nitrite;
45-55 parts of water;
(2) coating by spraying
Ball-milling part of the flaky porcelain glaze prepared in the step (1) to obtain glaze powder for spraying an enamel soleplate; uniformly spraying glaze powder on the surface of an enamel base plate to form an enamel steel plate with a covering layer;
(3) the enameled steel plate with the covering layer is dried for the first time;
the first drying process conditions in the step (3) are as follows: the temperature is 70-120 deg.C, and the time is 10-30 min;
(4) slowly immersing the enameled pressed steel into water and then taking out;
(5) flatly paving the flaky enamel in the step (1) on the surface of the wet enameled steel plate, and drying the enameled steel plate for the second time;
(6) and firing into a finished product: placing the enameled pressed steel plate with the flat-laid sheet-shaped enamel into a sintering furnace for sintering, and preserving heat; taking out the finished product, and cooling to normal temperature.
2. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the mixture for melting the glaze in the step (1) is 1200-1250 ℃, and the melting time is 1-3 h.
3. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: sieving the glaze powder subjected to ball milling in the step (2), wherein the sieving mesh number is 60-80 meshes; the volume weight of the glaze powder is 1.6-1.7 g/ml.
4. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the covering layer is 120-300 μm.
5. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and (5) removing the water layer on the surface of the enameled steel plate in the step (4) and keeping the integrity of the covering layer between the step (4) and the step (5).
6. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the process conditions of the second drying in the step (5) are as follows: drying at 40-70 deg.C for 5-10min, and then drying at 100-130 deg.C for 10-30 min.
7. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the firing process conditions in the step (6) are as follows: the temperature is 760-860 ℃, and the firing time is 4-10 min; the heat preservation process conditions in the step (6) are as follows: the temperature is 400 ℃ and 600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-5 min.
8. The process for producing a cobblestone-like matte enamel steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the base glaze comprises the following substances in percentage by mass:
20-30% of potassium feldspar, 20-31% of silicon dioxide, 4-7% of fluorite, 3-7% of sodium nitrate, 5-8% of sodium carbonate, 15-18% of borax, 6-10% of antimony oxide, 2-4% of zinc oxide, 2-4% of titanium dioxide and 5.5-8% of sodium fluosilicate.
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| CN110372208B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江开尔新材料股份有限公司 | Enamel glaze slip capable of releasing negative ions and method for preparing negative ion enamel plate by using enamel glaze slip |
| CN114167526A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-11 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Camera lens, preparation method and electronic equipment with camera lens |
| CN114231981B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江开尔新材料股份有限公司 | Enamel plate with surface textures and preparation method |
| CN114213016A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-03-22 | 湖南信诺颜料科技有限公司 | Nitrate-free environment-friendly low-temperature transparent enamel for steel plate enamel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114292024A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-08 | 湖南信诺颜料科技有限公司 | Nitrate-free environment-friendly steel plate enamel high-temperature titanium dioxide overglaze and preparation method thereof |
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