CN108420837B - High-activity ganoderma lucidum product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-activity ganoderma lucidum product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ganoderma lucidum product is prepared from 10-40% of high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract and 60-90% of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder by taking ganoderma lucidum and ganoderma lucidum spore powder as raw materials through steps of biological transformation of ganoderma lucidum endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi, acidic alcohol extraction, alcohol-soluble active ingredient enrichment, dynamic extraction of water-soluble ingredients, spray drying, efficient wall breaking of ganoderma lucidum spore powder, mixing in proportion and the like. The prepared high-activity ganoderma lucidum product has the characteristics of high content of active ingredients such as ganoderma lucidum triterpene and ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, convenience in taking and the like, and the content of the ganoderma lucidum triterpene and the content of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in the high-activity ganoderma lucidum product prepared by the method are more than or equal to 10 percent and more than or equal to 15 percent respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of deep processing of medicinal fungi.
Background
The 2015 pharmacopoeia records that Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi GANODERMA) is a dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum (Leys. ex Fr.) Karst. or Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang, fungi of Polyporaceae. Has the effects of invigorating qi, tranquilizing mind, and relieving cough and asthma. Can be used for treating restlessness, insomnia, palpitation, cough and asthma due to lung deficiency, asthenia, short breath, and anorexia. The content of ganoderan is more than or equal to 0.90 percent and the content of triterpene and sterol is more than or equal to 0.50 percent according to the stipulation of pharmacopoeia.
The application of ganoderma lucidum as a medicine in China has been in the history of more than three thousand years. It is recorded in Shen nong Ben Cao Jing (Shen nong's herbal medicine), Chi Zhi treats the middle-jiao, benefits heart-qi, tonifies middle-jiao, increases wisdom, does not forget; zizhi can induce deafness, benefit joint, keep spirit, benefit essence and qi, strengthen tendons and bones, and improve color. The discussion of Ganoderma lucidum in Shen nong Ben Cao Jing is honored by the physicians of the later generations as classic and citation, and is used up to now. Modern medicine researches believe that the ganoderma lucidum and the extract thereof have pharmacological effects of inhibiting tumor proliferation, enhancing immunologic function, reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, resisting aging, resisting coagulation and the like. As the traditional famous and precious Chinese medicinal materials, the current research and development technology level obviously lags behind the development of the big health industry, so the research and development of high-activity ganoderma lucidum products are urgently needed to make the great ethnic treasure more profitable for the health of the people.
At present, in the product development, the utilization of the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body is mainly as follows: (1) directly pulverizing Ganoderma fruiting body, and processing to obtain substitute tea; (2) extracting Ganoderma fruiting body to obtain crude extract, extracting Ganoderma with water or ethanol to obtain water soluble or ethanol soluble components, and making into oral liquid; (3) fermenting Ganoderma mycelia by liquid fermentation to obtain Ganoderma mycelia, and extracting or separating to obtain mycelium crude extract; (4) the ganoderma lucidum spore powder is utilized, and the wall breaking is carried out on the ganoderma lucidum spore powder in modes of mechanical crushing and the like, so that the absorption rate is improved. The method for utilizing the lucid ganoderma has the problems of low utilization rate of active ingredients of the lucid ganoderma, large administration dosage, low content of the active ingredients, low active ingredients mainly serving as precursors of the active ingredients in fermented products, low level of products in an industrial chain and the like, so an effective and reliable way is provided for improving the active ingredients in lucid ganoderma products, enhancing the health-care treatment effect of the lucid ganoderma products and improving the level of the lucid ganoderma products by researching and developing high-activity lucid ganoderma products and preparation methods thereof, and the method has a wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the production process and the product function of the ganoderma lucidum product, the invention provides a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product which contains ganoderma lucidum active ingredients and wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder and has the advantages of high active ingredients such as ganoderma lucidum triterpene and ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, convenient use, small administration dosage and stable effect, and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 40 percent of high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract and 60 to 90 percent of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder.
Wherein: the ganoderma lucidum is ganoderma lucidum and ganoderma sinense, the weight ratio of ganoderma lucidum to ganoderma sinense is 1:5-5:1, the ganoderma lucidum spore powder is ganoderma lucidum spore powder and ganoderma sinense spore powder, and the weight ratio of ganoderma lucidum spore powder to ganoderma sinense spore powder is 1:5-5: 1.
The invention relates to a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product, which is characterized in that a preparation method of a high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract comprises the following steps: the high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract is prepared by taking ganoderma lucidum as a raw material, extracting active ingredients of ganoderma lucidum triterpenes through ganoderma lucidum endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi biotransformation, acidic alcohol extraction, alcohol-soluble active ingredient enrichment, water-soluble ingredient dynamic extraction and spray drying.
The process of biotransformation of active ingredients by ganoderma endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi comprises the following steps: collecting fresh Ganoderma, cleaning, and pulverizing into tissue granule with side length of 0.5-1.0 cm; collecting completely mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying, and cutting into slices with thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm; mixing the Ganoderma lucidum tissue particles and the Ganoderma lucidum slices at a weight ratio of 1-5:100, adding into an extraction tank, adding purified water 4-6 times of the weight of Ganoderma lucidum slices, and keeping the temperature at 32-40 deg.C for 6-12 h.
The process for extracting the active ingredients of the ganoderma triterpenes and alcohol soluble active ingredients by the acidic alcohol comprises the following steps: adding 95% edible ethanol into an extraction tank containing active components of Ganoderma endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi, stirring to make ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 60-70%, adjusting pH of ethanol extractive solution to 3-5, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 2-5 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding edible ethanol with concentration of 70-80% 10-12 times of Ganoderma, adjusting pH of the ethanol extractive solution to 3-5, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 1-4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7 + -0.2, and discarding the acid eluate; eluting triterpenes active components adsorbed on the resin with 70-90% edible ethanol until no triterpenes component is detected in the eluate; concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure until the concentration of soluble solid is 15-20%.
The invention relates to a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product, which is characterized in that a preparation method of a high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) active ingredients for biotransformation of ganoderma endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi: collecting fresh Ganoderma, cleaning, and pulverizing into tissue granule with side length of 0.5-1.0 cm; collecting completely mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying, and cutting into slices with thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm; mixing Ganoderma lucidum tissue particles and Ganoderma lucidum slices at a weight ratio of 1-5:100, adding into an extraction tank, adding purified water 4-6 times of Ganoderma lucidum slices, and keeping the temperature at 32-40 deg.C for 6-12 h;
(2) extracting active ingredients of ganoderma triterpenes by using acidic alcohol: adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 60-70%, adjusting pH to 3-5, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 2-5 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding edible ethanol with concentration of 70-80% and weight 10-12 times of Ganoderma, adjusting pH to 3-5, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 1-4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7 + -0.2, and discarding the acid eluate; eluting triterpenes active components adsorbed on the resin with 70-90% edible ethanol until no triterpenes component is detected in the eluate; concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(3) water extraction of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide active ingredients: adding purified water 10-12 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 90-95 deg.C for 2-6 hr, filtering, adding purified water 8-10 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 85-90 deg.C for 1-5 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(4) and (3) uniformly mixing the alcohol extract concentrated solution with the concentration of the soluble solid matter of 15-20% in the step (2) and the water extract concentrated solution in the step (3), and carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 190 +/-5 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 90 +/-5 ℃, and the collected powder is the high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract.
As a preferred technical scheme: in the step (2), when the primary acidic alcohol extraction is carried out, one or more of food-grade citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid and oxalic acid are used for adjusting the pH of the ethanol extract to 3-5; during the secondary acidic alcohol extraction, one or more of food-grade citric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid and lactic acid is used for adjusting the pH of the ethanol extract to 3-5.
The invention relates to a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product, which is characterized in that a preparation method of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder comprises the following steps: sieving fresh Ganoderma spore powder with 120 mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 1-5 times of purified water, stirring, transferring to an ultrahigh pressure reaction kettle, gradient pressurizing to pressure of 300-.
The high-activity ganoderma lucidum product is characterized in that: in the ganoderma lucidum product, the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is more than or equal to 15 percent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-activity ganoderma lucidum product, which is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation processes:
(1) active ingredients for biotransformation of ganoderma endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi: collecting fresh Ganoderma, cleaning with purified water, and pulverizing into fresh Ganoderma tissue particles with side length of 0.5-1.0 cm; collecting completely mature Ganoderma, cleaning with purified water, oven drying at 50-55 deg.C, and cutting into slices with thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm; uniformly mixing the ganoderma lucidum tissue particles and the ganoderma lucidum slices according to the weight ratio of 1-5:100, putting the mixture into an extraction tank, adding purified water which is 4-6 times of the weight of the ganoderma lucidum slices, and keeping the temperature at 32-40 ℃ for 6-12h to ensure that endophytic bacteria, endophytic fungi and invertase in ganoderma lucidum cells and in cell gaps are fully contacted with the ganoderma lucidum slices, and using precursor compounds such as triterpenes, polysaccharides and the like in the ganoderma lucidum cells as substrates to generate effective components such as rare triterpenes, active ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and the like through conversion reaction, thereby effectively improving the content of the triterpenes, polysaccharides and the like in the ganoderma lucidum raw materials;
(2) extracting active ingredients of ganoderma triterpenes by using acidic alcohol: adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make the ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 60-70%, adjusting pH of the ethanol extract to 3-5 with one or more of food grade citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, and oxalic acid, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 2-5 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding edible ethanol with concentration of 70-80% 10-12 times of Ganoderma, adjusting pH of the ethanol extractive solution to 3-5 with one or more of food grade citric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and lactic acid, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 1-4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7 + -0.2, and discarding the acid eluate; eluting triterpenes active components adsorbed on the resin with 70-90% edible ethanol until no triterpenes component is detected in the eluate; concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(3) water extraction of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide active ingredients: adding purified water 10-12 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 90-95 deg.C for 2-6 hr, filtering, adding purified water 8-10 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 85-90 deg.C for 1-5 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(4) uniformly mixing the ethanol extract concentrated solution with the concentration of the soluble solid matter of 15-20% in the step (2) and the water extract concentrated solution in the step (3), and carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 190 +/-5 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 90 +/-5 ℃, and the collected powder is the high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract;
(5) preparing wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder: sieving fresh Ganoderma spore powder with 120 mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 1-5 times of purified water, stirring, transferring to an ultrahigh pressure reaction kettle, gradient pressurizing to pressure of 300-; the wall breaking rate of the obtained Ganoderma spore powder is not less than 99.5% (Ganoderma spore powder is Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and Ganoderma sinensis spore powder);
(6) mixing the obtained high-activity Ganoderma extract and wall-broken Ganoderma spore powder at a certain proportion.
The invention utilizes the biological activity enzyme in the fresh ganoderma lucidum to biologically convert the active ingredients of ganoderma lucidum triterpenes, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and the like in the ganoderma lucidum sporocarp, and prepares a high-activity ganoderma lucidum product by using a high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract, a high-activity wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder and a high-activity ganoderma lucidum concentrated extract spray drying technology through an acidic alcohol extraction technology, a ganoderma lucidum triterpene enrichment technology, a water extraction ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide activating technology, a high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract concentrated solution spray drying technology and a wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology according to a certain proportion, wherein the content of the ganoderma lucidum triterpenes is more than or equal to 10 percent, the content of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is more than or equal to 15 percent, and the content level of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in the ganoderma lucidum is more than. The product is highly concentrated in active ingredients of Ganoderma, is easy to be absorbed by human body, has stable effect, effectively solves the problem of inconvenient administration caused by low content of active ingredients in Ganoderma, and provides a feasible technical scheme for health promotion and treatment of Ganoderma.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific implementation method, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, so as to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the percentages, ratios, etc. referred to herein are by weight percent or by weight ratio.
Example 1
A high-activity ganoderma lucidum product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10% of high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract and 90% of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder, wherein the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene is 11% and the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is 15%. The ganoderma lucidum is red ganoderma lucidum and purple ganoderma lucidum, the ratio of the red ganoderma lucidum to the purple ganoderma lucidum is 1:5, and the ratio of the red ganoderma lucidum spore powder to the purple ganoderma lucidum spore powder is 1: 5.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: collecting fresh Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense at a ratio of 1:5)0.1kg, cleaning with purified water, and pulverizing into fresh Ganoderma lucidum tissue particles with side length of 0.5-0.8 cm. Weighing 10kg of Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense) dried at 50 deg.C at a ratio of 1:5, and cutting into 0.5cm thick slices. Mixing Ganoderma lucidum tissue granules and Ganoderma lucidum slices uniformly, putting into an extraction tank, adding 40kg purified water, and keeping the temperature at 32 deg.C for 6 h. Adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 60%, adjusting pH of the ethanol extract to 3 with food grade citric acid, extracting at 70 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding 100kg 70% edible ethanol, adjusting pH of the ethanol extractive solution to 3.2 with food grade citric acid, extracting at 70 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 6.8. Eluting the triterpenes active components adsorbed on the resin with 70% edible ethanol, and concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure until the concentration of soluble solid is 15%. Adding 100kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 90 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering, adding 80kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 85 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the concentration of soluble solid is 15%. Mixing the ethanol extract concentrate and water extract concentrate, spray drying at 185 deg.C and 85 deg.C, and collecting the powder as high-activity Ganoderma extract.
Weighing 5kg of fresh ganoderma spore powder (the ratio of ganoderma lucidum spore powder to ganoderma sinensis spore powder is 1:5) which is sieved by a 120-mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 5kg of purified water, uniformly stirring and transferring to an ultrahigh-pressure reaction kettle, performing gradient pressurization until the pressure in the reaction kettle is 300MPa, keeping for 8min, taking out a wall-broken ganoderma spore powder suspension, performing reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying, crushing and sieving by a 120-mesh sieve, wherein the wall-broken rate of the ganoderma spore powder is 99.5%.
Mixing the obtained high-activity Ganoderma extract and wall-broken Ganoderma spore powder at a certain ratio.
Example 2
A high-activity ganoderma lucidum product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40% of high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract and 60% of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder, wherein the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene is 12.5%, and the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is 16.7%. The ganoderma lucidum is red ganoderma lucidum and purple ganoderma lucidum, the ratio of the red ganoderma lucidum to the purple ganoderma lucidum is 5:1, and the ratio of the red ganoderma lucidum spore powder to the purple ganoderma lucidum spore powder is 5: 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: collecting fresh Ganoderma 0.5kg, cleaning with purified water, and pulverizing into fresh Ganoderma tissue particles with side length of 0.8-1.0 cm. Weighing 10kg of Ganoderma lucidum oven-dried at 55 deg.C, and cutting into slices with thickness of 1.0 cm. Mixing the fresh Ganoderma tissue granules and the dried Ganoderma slices uniformly, putting into an extraction tank, adding 60kg purified water, and keeping the temperature at 40 deg.C for 12 h. Adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 70%, adjusting pH of the ethanol extract to 5.0 with food grade citric acid, extracting at 80 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding 120kg 70% edible ethanol, adjusting pH of the ethanol extractive solution to 5.0 with food grade citric acid, extracting at 80 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7.0. Eluting triterpene active components adsorbed on the resin with 90% edible ethanol, and concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure until the concentration of soluble solid is 20%. Adding 120kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 95 deg.C for 6 hr, filtering, adding 100kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 90 deg.C for 5 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 20% soluble solid. Mixing the ethanol extract concentrate and water extract concentrate, spray drying at inlet air temperature of 195 deg.C and outlet air temperature of 95 deg.C, and collecting powder, i.e. high activity Ganoderma extract.
Weighing 5kg of fresh ganoderma spore powder which is sieved by a 120-mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 25kg of purified water, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into an ultrahigh pressure reaction kettle, performing gradient pressurization until the pressure in the reaction kettle is 600MPa, keeping the pressure for 12min, taking out a wall-broken ganoderma spore powder suspension, performing reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying, crushing and sieving the wall-broken ganoderma spore powder by the 120-mesh sieve, wherein the wall-broken rate of the ganoderma spore powder is 99.7%.
Mixing the obtained high-activity Ganoderma extract and wall-broken Ganoderma spore powder at a certain ratio.
Example 3
A high-activity ganoderma lucidum product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30% of high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract and 70% of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder, wherein the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene is 13.5%, and the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is 18.2%. The ganoderma lucidum is red ganoderma lucidum and purple ganoderma lucidum, the ratio of the red ganoderma lucidum to the purple ganoderma lucidum is 1:1, and the ratio of the red ganoderma lucidum spore powder to the purple ganoderma lucidum spore powder is 1: 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: collecting fresh Ganoderma 0.3kg, cleaning with purified water, and pulverizing into fresh Ganoderma tissue particles with side length of 0.6-0.9 cm. Weighing 10kg of Ganoderma lucidum oven-dried at 55 deg.C, and cutting into slices with thickness of 0.7 cm. Mixing Ganoderma lucidum tissue granules and Ganoderma lucidum slices uniformly, putting into an extraction tank, adding 50kg purified water, and keeping the temperature at 37 deg.C for 8 h. Adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 65%, adjusting pH of the ethanol extract to 4.5 with food grade citric acid, extracting at 75 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding 100kg of 75% edible ethanol, adjusting pH of the ethanol extractive solution to 4.8 with food grade citric acid, extracting at 75 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7.0. Eluting triterpene active components adsorbed on the resin with 75% edible ethanol, and concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure until the concentration of soluble solid is 18%. Adding 120kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 92 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, adding 100kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 85 deg.C for 3 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a soluble solid content of 18%. Mixing the ethanol extract concentrate and water extract concentrate, spray drying at air inlet temperature of 190 deg.C and air outlet temperature of 90 deg.C, and collecting powder, i.e. high activity Ganoderma extract.
Weighing 5kg of fresh ganoderma spore powder which is sieved by a 120-mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 10kg of purified water, uniformly stirring, transferring the mixture into an ultrahigh pressure reaction kettle, performing gradient pressurization until the pressure in the reaction kettle is 500MPa, keeping the pressure for 10min, taking out a wall-broken ganoderma spore powder suspension, performing reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying, crushing and sieving the wall-broken ganoderma spore powder by the 120-mesh sieve, wherein the wall-broken rate of the ganoderma spore powder is 99.9%.
Mixing the obtained high-activity Ganoderma extract and wall-broken Ganoderma spore powder at a certain ratio.
Comparative example
A ganoderma lucidum product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30% of ganoderma extract and 70% of wall-broken ganoderma spore powder, wherein the content of ganoderma triterpene is 2.5% and the content of ganoderma polysaccharide is 3.0%. The ganoderma lucidum is ganoderma lucidum and ganoderma sinense, the ratio of ganoderma lucidum to ganoderma sinense is 1:1, and the ratio of ganoderma lucidum spore powder to ganoderma sinense spore powder is 1: 1;
the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum product comprises the following steps: weighing 10kg of Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense at a ratio of 1:1) dried at 55 deg.C, cutting into 0.7cm thick slices, adding 100kg of 65% edible ethanol into extraction tank, stirring, extracting at 75 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding 75% edible ethanol 100kg, extracting at 75 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate. Mixing the extractive solutions, and concentrating under reduced pressure until the concentration of soluble solid is 18%. Adding 120kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 92 deg.C for 4 hr, filtering, adding 100kg purified water into the residue, extracting at 85 deg.C for 3 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a soluble solid content of 18%. Mixing the ethanol extract concentrate and water extract concentrate, spray drying at air inlet temperature of 190 deg.C and air outlet temperature of 90 deg.C, and collecting powder as Ganoderma extract.
Weighing 5kg of fresh Ganoderma spore powder (the ratio of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to Ganoderma sinensis spore powder is 1:1) which is sieved with 120 mesh sieve to remove impurities, drying by gradient heating method, breaking cell wall by extrusion type cell wall breaking machine, and collecting to obtain Ganoderma spore powder with cell wall breaking rate of 92.9%.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-activity ganoderma lucidum product is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10-40% of high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract and 60-90% of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder;
the preparation method of the high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of taking ganoderma as a raw material, extracting ganoderma triterpenes active ingredients through acidic alcohol, enriching alcohol-soluble active ingredients, dynamically extracting water-soluble ingredients, and spray drying to finally prepare the high-activity ganoderma extract, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) active ingredients for biotransformation of ganoderma endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi: collecting fresh Ganoderma, cleaning, and pulverizing into tissue granule with side length of 0.5-1.0 cm; collecting completely mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying, and cutting into slices with thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm; mixing Ganoderma lucidum tissue particles and Ganoderma lucidum slices at a weight ratio of 1-5:100, adding into an extraction tank, adding purified water 4-6 times of Ganoderma lucidum slices, and keeping the temperature at 32-40 deg.C for 6-12 h;
(2) extracting active ingredients of ganoderma triterpenes by using acidic alcohol: adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 60-70%, adjusting pH to 3-5, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 2-5 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding edible ethanol with concentration of 70-80% and weight 10-12 times of Ganoderma, adjusting pH to 3-5, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 1-4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7 + -0.2, and discarding the acid eluate; eluting triterpenes active components adsorbed on the resin with 70-90% edible ethanol until no triterpenes component is detected in the eluate; concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(3) water extraction of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide active ingredients: adding purified water 10-12 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 90-95 deg.C for 2-6 hr, filtering, adding purified water 8-10 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 85-90 deg.C for 1-5 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(4) and (3) uniformly mixing the alcohol extract concentrated solution with the concentration of the soluble solid matter of 15-20% in the step (2) and the water extract concentrated solution in the step (3), and carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 190 +/-5 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 90 +/-5 ℃, and the collected powder is the high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract.
2. The highly active ganoderma lucidum product of claim 1, wherein: the ganoderma lucidum is ganoderma lucidum and ganoderma sinense, the weight ratio of ganoderma lucidum to ganoderma sinense is 1:5-5:1, the ganoderma lucidum spore powder is ganoderma lucidum spore powder and ganoderma sinense spore powder, and the weight ratio of ganoderma lucidum spore powder to ganoderma sinense spore powder is 1:5-5: 1.
3. The highly active ganoderma lucidum product of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), when the primary acidic alcohol extraction is carried out, one or more of food-grade citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid and oxalic acid are used for adjusting the pH of the ethanol extract to 3-5; during the secondary acidic alcohol extraction, one or more of food-grade citric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid and lactic acid is used for adjusting the pH of the ethanol extract to 3-5.
4. The highly active ganoderma lucidum product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder comprises the following steps: sieving fresh Ganoderma spore powder with 120 mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 1-5 times of purified water, stirring, transferring to an ultrahigh pressure reaction kettle, gradient pressurizing to pressure of 300-.
5. The highly active ganoderma lucidum product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the ganoderma lucidum product, the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is more than or equal to 15 percent.
6. A method for preparing the high-activity ganoderma lucidum product as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) active ingredients for biotransformation of ganoderma endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi: collecting fresh Ganoderma, cleaning with purified water, and pulverizing into fresh Ganoderma tissue particles with side length of 0.5-1.0 cm; collecting completely mature Ganoderma, cleaning with purified water, oven drying at 50-55 deg.C, and cutting into slices with thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm; mixing Ganoderma lucidum tissue particles and Ganoderma lucidum slices at a weight ratio of 1-5:100, adding into an extraction tank, adding purified water 4-6 times of Ganoderma lucidum slices, and keeping the temperature at 32-40 deg.C for 6-12 h;
(2) extracting active ingredients of ganoderma triterpenes by using acidic alcohol: adding 95% edible ethanol into the extraction tank, stirring to make the ethanol concentration in the extraction tank reach 60-70%, adjusting pH of the ethanol extract to 3-5 with one or more of food grade citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, and oxalic acid, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 2-5 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; extracting the residue with secondary acidic alcohol, adding edible ethanol with concentration of 70-80% 10-12 times of Ganoderma, adjusting pH of the ethanol extractive solution to 3-5 with one or more of food grade citric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and lactic acid, extracting at 70-80 deg.C for 1-4 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; mixing the two acidic alcohol extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell is present, loading onto macroporous adsorbent resin column, repeatedly adsorbing until adsorption balance is reached, eluting organic acid with purified water until pH of water eluate is 7 + -0.2, and discarding the acid eluate; eluting triterpenes active components adsorbed on the resin with 70-90% edible ethanol until no triterpenes component is detected in the eluate; concentrating the ethanol eluate under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(3) water extraction of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide active ingredients: adding purified water 10-12 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 90-95 deg.C for 2-6 hr, filtering, adding purified water 8-10 times the weight of the residue, extracting at 85-90 deg.C for 1-5 hr, filtering, mixing the two water extracts, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain soluble solid with concentration of 15-20%;
(4) uniformly mixing the ethanol extract concentrated solution with the concentration of the soluble solid matter of 15-20% in the step (2) and the water extract concentrated solution in the step (3), and carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 190 +/-5 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 90 +/-5 ℃, and the collected powder is the high-activity ganoderma lucidum extract;
(5) preparing wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder: sieving fresh Ganoderma spore powder with 120 mesh sieve to remove impurities, adding 1-5 times of purified water, stirring, transferring to an ultrahigh pressure reaction kettle, gradient pressurizing to pressure of 300-;
(6) mixing the obtained high-activity Ganoderma extract and wall-broken Ganoderma spore powder at a certain proportion.
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