CN108419473B - Landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108419473B CN108419473B CN201810215200.7A CN201810215200A CN108419473B CN 108419473 B CN108419473 B CN 108419473B CN 201810215200 A CN201810215200 A CN 201810215200A CN 108419473 B CN108419473 B CN 108419473B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil landscaping construction method, which relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil planting, and comprises the following steps: s1, restoring the soil planting ability: s1-1, loosening soil: loosening soil of saline-alkali soil, and excavating a ditch in the middle of the saline-alkali soil; s1-2, cutting off: separating saline-alkali soil on two sides of the ditch into a plurality of soil units which are not communicated with each other by using partition plates; s1-3, irrigating: watering and soaking the soil unit; s1-4, detecting: taking water in the soil units at intervals and detecting the PH value and the salt content of the water; s1-5, soil fixation: planting salicornia europaea on the soil unit; s1-6, draining: removing the partition plate, and discharging water in the soil unit through the ditch; s2, stabilizing soil and water stability: s2-1, loosening the soil of the soil units to form a bottom layer, and paving high-quality soil above the bottom layer to form a planting surface layer; s2-2, planting various saline-alkali tolerant plants on the planting surface layer; the invention has the effect of reducing plant withering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil planting, in particular to a saline-alkali soil landscaping construction method.
Background
The saline-alkali soil is an environment which is not beneficial to plant growth and is formed after soil salinization. Saline-alkali soil often contains a large amount of saline soil, the saline soil is usually formed naturally, but some saline soil is caused by incorrect application of irrigation and chemical modifiers to people and forest felling.
Saline-alkali soil can reduce the water potential of soil, lead to the plant to absorb moisture difficulty, cause the condition of plant root system dehydration even. When the salt is excessively accumulated in the root system of the plant, the development of the plant seeds can be damaged, and the germination rate of the plant seeds is reduced. Therefore, the greening engineering of saline-alkali soil is urgently needed to be greatly promoted and is a subject of continuous research.
Chinese patent with publication number CN104115650B and publication date 2016, 08 and 03 discloses a method for greening saline-alkali soil, which comprises screening saline-alkali tolerant plants, reasonably combining the plants, and planting.
The prior art has the defects that the saline-alkali tolerant degree of saline-alkali tolerant plants is limited, and when the salt and alkali content of saline-alkali soil is higher, the saline-alkali tolerant plants lose water and even wither, which is not beneficial to the greening of the saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil, which comprises the steps of soaking the saline-alkali soil, removing partial salt and alkali, and planting plants, so that the effect of reducing plant withering is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, restoring the soil planting ability:
s1-1, loosening soil: loosening soil of saline-alkali soil, and excavating a ditch in the middle of the saline-alkali soil;
s1-2, cutting off: dividing the saline-alkali soil on two sides of the ditch, and separating by using a partition plate to form soil units which are not communicated with each other;
s1-3, irrigating: watering the soil unit, and soaking the soil;
s1-4, detecting: taking water in the soil units at intervals and detecting the PH value and the salt content of the water;
s1-5, soil fixation: planting salicornia europaea on the soil unit;
s1-6, draining: removing the partition plate, and discharging water in the soil unit through the ditch;
s2, stabilizing soil and water stability:
s2-1, loosening the soil units to form a bottom layer, paving gravels above the bottom layer to form a base layer, and paving high-quality soil on the base layer to form a planting surface layer;
s2-2, planting a plurality of saline-alkali tolerant plants on the planting surface layer.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, leach salt, alkali in the soil to the aquatic of watering on the soil unit through the watering, obtain the saline and alkaline degree in saline and alkaline land through detecting PH value and salinity. When the data of the PH value and the salt content are stable, the salt content and the alkali content between the soil unit and the water are balanced.
Saline corniculatae is then planted on the soil elements. Salicornia herbacea is a plant that can grow in salt pan and sea water and absorb salt in soil. Planting salicornia europaea can reduce the content of salt and alkali in soil units. Then, gravels and high-quality soil suitable for plant growth are paved on the bottom layer, so that the root system of the newly planted plant or the sowed seeds can be stabilized on the base layer and the planting surface layer, and the growth of the plant is facilitated. When planting, plant resistant saline and alkaline nature plant on planting the surface course, under the circumstances that realizes firm soil and water, reduce the damage of plant.
The excavation of the ditch can accelerate the discharge of water in the soil. Saline-alkali soil often contains groundwater with high salt and alkali content, and when rainfall occurs, the groundwater can rise to immerse the soil unit, so that plant root systems on the soil unit are burnt by alkali or plants wither due to water loss of salt; and the ditch can discharge the water accumulated in the soil in time.
More preferably: in the watering of S1-3, the soil elements are watered until the level of water in the soil elements is above the top surface of the soil elements.
By adopting the arrangement, the soil unit is soaked, and the dissolution of salt and alkali in the soil into water is accelerated.
More preferably: and in the soil stabilization of S1-5, after planting salicornia europaea on the soil units, periodically taking water in the soil units, detecting the pH value and the salt content of the water, recording the pH value and the salt content as later-period values until the later-period values meet plant growth conditions, and removing the salicornia europaea.
Adopt above-mentioned setting, after salt grass plants a period, whether accessible later stage numerical value judges to be fit for other vegetation, improves the later stage and plants the survival rate of other salt and alkali tolerance plants when other salt and alkali tolerance plants.
More preferably: in the drainage of S1-6, only the partition plates around the soil units facing the trench are removed until the water in the soil units is discharged into the trench, and then the remaining partition plates are removed.
By adopting the arrangement, the water discharged from the soil unit is guided, so that the water in the soil unit is discharged only along the ditch, and the condition that the water is diffused all around in the drainage process is reduced.
More preferably: in the drainage of S1-6, after removing the partition plates around the soil units toward the trench, water guide filter plates are inserted at the positions where the partition plates are removed.
By adopting the arrangement, the water guide filter plate can prevent soil in the soil unit from being discharged into a ditch in water, and the drainage effect is improved.
More preferably: a filtering cavity is arranged in the water guide filtering plate, and filtering stones are arranged in the filtering cavity; and water permeable holes are formed in two opposite sides of the water guide filtering plate.
Adopt above-mentioned setting, the water in the soil unit enters into the filtration cavity through the hole of permeating water in, and the filtration through filtering the stone is discharged from the hole of permeating water on the filter of opposite side, further reduces the loss of soil.
More preferably: the middle part of filtering the cavity is fixed with the membrane of permeating water, it is located to filter the stone the membrane both sides of permeating water.
Adopt above-mentioned setting, the membrane of permeating water can let water permeate through, but can block particulate matters such as earth of aquatic, reduces the loss of soil. When the water with soil flows from one side of the permeable membrane to the other side, the water with soil is filtered by the filter stones on the two sides of the permeable membrane, so that the soil content of the water flowing into the ditch is reduced.
More preferably: the outside cover of filtering stone is equipped with the stainless steel fixed network.
Adopt above-mentioned setting, constitute the shape that forms to filtering the stone and restrict, reduce the collision of filtering stone and filter inner wall.
More preferably: one end of the water guide filter plate is provided with an insertion end part.
Adopt above-mentioned setting, make things convenient for the water guide filter to insert soil, the going on of convenient construction.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the effect of improving the survival rate of the saline-alkali tolerant plants is achieved by the mode of firstly recovering the planting capability of the soil and then planting the saline-alkali tolerant plants;
2. the drainage is carried out by excavating ditches and arranging the water guide filter plate, the content of salt and alkali in the soil is reduced, and the effect of improving the underground water discharge efficiency is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a saline-alkali soil;
FIG. 2 is a vertical section of saline-alkali soil;
fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a water guide filter panel.
In the figure, 1, saline-alkali soil; 2. a trench; 3. a partition plate; 4. a soil unit; 5. a bottom layer; 6. a base layer; 7. planting a surface layer; 8. a water guide filter plate; 81. water permeable holes; 82. sealing the cover; 9. a filtering cavity; 91. a water permeable membrane; 92. filtering the stone blocks; 921. a stainless steel fixing net; 10. the end is inserted.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example (b): a landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
s1, restoring the soil planting ability:
s1-1, loosening soil: loosening the soil of the saline-alkali soil 1, excavating two vertical and communicated ditches 2 in the middle of the saline-alkali soil 1, and uniformly dividing the saline-alkali soil 1 into four blocks with equal areas by the two ditches 2.
S1-2, cutting off: and a partition plate 3 is vertically inserted into the saline-alkali soil 1 to separate the saline-alkali soil 1 on two sides of the ditch 2 into soil units 4. The soil units 4 are arranged in a rectangular shape, and four partition plates 3 are arranged around each soil unit 4.
S1-3, irrigating: the soil unit 4 is watered until the water level in the soil unit 4 is higher than the top surface of the soil unit 4, and the soil is soaked.
S1-4, detecting: and (3) detecting the PH value and the salt content of the soil leachate at intervals, when the data of the PH value and the salt content are stable, indicating that the salt and alkali content between the soil unit 4 and the water reach balance, and recording the PH value and the salt content at the moment as initial values.
S1-5, soil fixation: planting salicornia europaea on the soil unit 4; and (4) regularly detecting the pH value and the salt content of the soil leachate, recording the pH value and the salt content as later-stage values, and when the later-stage values are reduced compared with the initial-stage values, indicating that the salicornia starts to play a role. When the later value meets the growth conditions of the plants to be planted, the salicornia herbacea is removed.
S1-6, draining: after removing the partition plate 3 around the soil unit 4 toward the trench 2, a water guide filter plate 8 (see fig. 3) is inserted at a position where the partition plate 3 is removed, so that water in the soil unit 4 is filtered by the water guide filter plate 8, flows into the trench 2, and is discharged.
S2, stabilizing soil and water stability:
s2-1, removing all the partition boards and the water guide filter plates 8, loosening the soil units 4, and forming a loose bottom layer 5. Gravel is laid above the bottom layer 5 to form a base layer 6, and high-quality soil is laid on the base layer 6 to form a planting surface layer 7.
S2-2, planting a plurality of saline-alkali tolerant plants on the planting surface layer 7 to form the garden landscape.
As shown in fig. 2, the water guide filter plate 8 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the water guide filter plate 8 has a filter cavity 9 formed downward from the top. A plurality of holes 81 of permeating water have been seted up to the both sides relative on the water guide filter 8, and the hole 81 of permeating water sets up with filtration cavity 9 intercommunication. The filtration cavity 9 internal fixation has the membrane 91 of permeating water, and the membrane 91 of permeating water is vertical setting. And filter stone blocks 92 have been placed to the both sides of permeable membrane 91, and filter stone block 92 is stereotyped through stainless steel fixed network 921. The top of the water guide filter plate 8 is provided with a sealing cover 82, and the sealing cover 82 is sleeved outside the water guide filter plate 8. The top of the water guide filter plate 8 is provided with an insertion end part 10, and the section of the insertion end part 10 is arranged in a reducing manner from top to bottom; when in use, the insertion end part 10 is inserted into the soil of the saline-alkali soil 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, restoring the soil planting ability:
s1-1, loosening soil: loosening soil of the saline-alkali soil (1), and excavating a ditch (2) in the middle of the saline-alkali soil (1);
s1-2, cutting off: dividing the saline-alkali soil (1) at two sides of the ditch (2), and separating by using a partition plate (3) to form soil units (4) which are not communicated with each other;
s1-3, irrigating: watering the soil unit (4) and soaking the soil;
s1-4, detecting: taking water in the soil unit (4) at intervals and detecting the PH value and the salt content of the water;
s1-5, soil fixation: planting salicornia europaea on the soil unit (4);
s1-6, draining: removing the partition plate (3), and discharging water in the soil unit (4) through the ditch (2); removing only the partition plates (3) around the soil units (4) facing the ditch (2) until the water in the soil units (4) is discharged into the ditch (2), and removing the rest of the partition plates (3); after the partition plates (3) facing the ditch (2) around the soil unit (4) are removed, water guide filter plates (8) are inserted into the positions where the partition plates (3) are removed, filtering cavities (9) are formed in the water guide filter plates (8), and filtering stones (92) are arranged in the filtering cavities (9); water permeable holes (81) are formed in two opposite sides of the water guide filtering plate (8); a stainless steel fixing net (921) is sleeved outside the filtering stone block (92); the top of the water guide filtering plate (8) is provided with a sealing cover (82), the sealing cover (82) is sleeved outside the water guide filtering plate (8), and one end of the water guide filtering plate (8) is provided with an insertion end part (10);
s2, stabilizing soil and water stability:
s2-1, loosening the soil units (4) to form a bottom layer (5), paving gravels above the bottom layer (5) to form a base layer (6), and paving high-quality soil on the base layer (6) to form a planting surface layer (7);
s2-2, planting a plurality of saline-alkali tolerant plants on the planting surface layer (7).
2. The landscaping method of claim 1, wherein in the step of S1-3, the soil unit (4) is watered until the water level in the soil unit (4) is higher than the top surface of the soil unit (4).
3. The landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the soil stabilization of S1-5, after planting salicornia europaea on the soil unit (4), periodically taking water in the soil unit (4), detecting the pH value and the salt content of the water, recording the pH value and the salt content as later-stage values, and removing the salicornia europaea until the later-stage values meet plant growth conditions.
4. The landscaping construction method for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein a water permeable membrane (91) is fixed in the middle of the filtering cavity (9), and the filtering stone blocks (92) are positioned on two sides of the water permeable membrane (91).
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| CN202183982U (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-04-11 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Stereoscopic greening device for isolating and pressing salt for saline and alkali lands |
| CN102577687B (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2015-06-17 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Comprehensive improving method for coastal saline soil |
| CN202503890U (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-10-31 | 福建省景观园林建筑发展有限公司 | Water and soil improvement system of saline and alkaline land |
| CN102783284B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-08-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for treating saline-alkali soil through dialysis type high platform ladder grading groove ridge |
| RU2567156C1 (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2015-11-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Калмыцкий государственный университет" | Method of reclamation of saline soils |
| CN104472052B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-03-02 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of engineering-chemical-biological-desalination water saving-information technology improvement saline land method |
| CN106342656A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Film mulching and drip irrigation method for saline-alkali land in Yellow-river irrigated region |
| CN106900449A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-30 | 环绿生态景观建设集团有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land soil improves greening construction method |
| CN206575904U (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-10-24 | 杭州爱立特生态环境科技股份有限公司 | A kind of domatic saline and alkaline improvement vegetation water-saving structure |
| CN107182333A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-22 | 上海市园林工程有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil is every salt salt discharge structure and its method |
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