CN108417727A - A kind of OLED luminescent devices and preparation method thereof, display device - Google Patents
A kind of OLED luminescent devices and preparation method thereof, display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108417727A CN108417727A CN201810301530.8A CN201810301530A CN108417727A CN 108417727 A CN108417727 A CN 108417727A CN 201810301530 A CN201810301530 A CN 201810301530A CN 108417727 A CN108417727 A CN 108417727A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
Abstract
A kind of OLED luminescent devices of present invention offer and preparation method thereof, display device, belong to display technology field, can solve the problem of the low bulk life time for limiting device of existing blue emitting material short life, luminous efficiency.In the blue-light-emitting unit of the OLED luminescent devices of the present invention, luminous energy enhancing structure is first used to enhance the energy of the visible light of non-blue, then up-conversion luminescent material blue light-emitting is excited using enhanced light, blue emitting material blue light-emitting is not used in the device blue-light-emitting unit, but the first colour light emitting material layer, luminous energy enhancing structure, up-conversion luminescence layer is utilized to replace blue emitting material, therefore it solves the problems, such as that the device bulk life time caused by blue emitting material short life is short, improves color offset phenomenon.The method for preparing OLED luminescent devices of the present invention is simple, easily prepared.The OLED luminescent devices of the present invention are suitable for various display devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to display technology fields, and in particular to a kind of OLED luminescent devices and preparation method thereof, display device.
Background technology
In recent years, organic electroluminescent LED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) technology is being shone
The fields such as bright, display suffer from highly important application, and OLED display panel is a kind of emerging display panel, since it has
Self-luminous, driving voltage is low, luminous efficiency is high, the response time is short, clarity and contrast are high, use temperature range is wide, can be real
Many advantages, such as existing Flexible Displays are with large area total colouring, the display panel for being considered most to have development potentiality by industry.
Existing OLED display panel generally includes multiple pixels, and each pixel includes blue-light-emitting unit, emitting red light
Unit and green emitting unit, general each luminescence unit includes the luminescent layer being made of the fluorescence luminescent material of corresponding color.
Inventor has found that at least there are the following problems in the prior art：Blue emitting material is relative to green light and emitting red light
Short life, the luminous efficiency of material are low, during product is used for a long time, if the gradual anomalous trichromatism of blue-light-emitting unit can lead to product
There is colour cast, i.e. blue emitting material limits the bulk life time of device.
Invention content
The present invention is low for existing blue emitting material short life, luminous efficiency, limits the bulk life time of device
Problem provides a kind of OLED luminescent devices and preparation method thereof, display device.
Technical solution is used by solving present invention problem：
A kind of OLED luminescent devices, including cathode, anode and blue-light-emitting unit, the blue-light-emitting unit include：
First colour light emitting material layer, the light of first color are the visible light that wavelength is higher than blue light wavelength；
Luminous energy enhancing structure, the energy for enhancing the light across it；
Up-conversion luminescence layer, the up-conversion luminescence layer by by the first color light excitation after blue light-emitting up-conversion luminescence
Material is constituted；
Wherein, the OLED luminescent devices have light-emitting surface, and the luminous energy enhancing structure is compared to first color
Luminous material layer is closer to light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion luminescence layer is compared to the luminous energy enhancing structure closer to light-emitting surface.
Optionally, the luminous energy enhancing structure includes stacked multiple enhancement layers, and the thickness of each enhancement layer is first
The 1/4 of the wavelength of the light of color, and the difference of the refractive index of the material of adjacent enhancement layer is more than 0.4.
Optionally, the enhancement layer includes high refractive index enhancement layer and low-refraction enhancement layer, and the high refractive index increases
Strong layer is arranged alternately with low-refraction enhancement layer.
Optionally, the material of the enhancement layer includes TiO2、SiO2、ZnS、MgF2In any one or a few mixed
Close object.
Optionally, the OLED luminescent devices further include the first colour light emitting unit, the first colour light emitting unit
Including the first colour light emitting material layer, and the first colour light emitting material layer of the first colour light emitting unit and blue-light-emitting list
The first colour light emitting material layer same layer setting of member.
Optionally, the first colour light emitting material layer includes red illuminating material.
Optionally, the OLED luminescent devices are top light emitting-type OLED luminescent devices, the first colour light emitting material
Layer is set between the cathode and anode, and the luminous energy enhancing structure is set between the up-conversion luminescence layer and cathode.
Optionally, the up-conversion luminescent material of blue light-emitting includes neodymium ytterbium codope oxygen after the excitation by the first color of light
Change zirconium up-conversion luminescent material.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned OLED luminescent devices, including：
Formed cathode the step of, formed anode the step of, the step of forming cathode and formed anode the step of between and also
Include the steps that forming blue-light-emitting unit；
Wherein, the formation blue-light-emitting unit includes the steps that forming the first colour light emitting material layer, is converted in formation
The step of luminescent layer further includes forming luminous energy to increase between the step of forming the first colour light emitting material layer and up-conversion luminescence layer
The step of strong structure, and the OLED luminescent devices have light-emitting surface, the up-conversion luminescence layer is compared to first color
Luminous material layer is formed closer to light-emitting surface.
Optionally, the method further includes the steps that forming the first colour light emitting unit, the first color of formation hair
Light unit includes the steps that forming the first colour light emitting material layer, and the first colour light emitting material of the first colour light emitting unit
The bed of material and the first colour light emitting material layer of blue-light-emitting unit synchronize formed.
The present invention also provides a kind of display devices, including above-mentioned OLED luminescent devices.
The present invention OLED luminescent devices blue-light-emitting unit in, first use luminous energy enhancing structure enhance it is non-blue can
Then light-exposed energy excites up-conversion luminescent material blue light-emitting, i.e., in the device blue-light-emitting unit using enhanced light
Blue emitting material blue light-emitting is not used, but utilizes the first colour light emitting material layer, luminous energy enhancing structure, up-conversion luminescence
Layer replaces blue emitting material, therefore solves the problems, such as that the device bulk life time caused by blue emitting material short life is short,
Improve color offset phenomenon.The method for preparing OLED luminescent devices of the present invention is simple, easily prepared.The OLED photophores of the present invention
Part is suitable for various display devices.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the OLED luminescent devices of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the OLED luminescent devices of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the structural schematic diagram of another OLED luminescent devices of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the preparation method of the OLED luminescent devices of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Wherein, reference numeral is：1, anode；2, cathode；3, blue-light-emitting unit；31, the first colour light emitting material layer；
32, luminous energy enhancing structure；33, up-conversion luminescence layer；4, the first colour light emitting unit；5, the second colour light emitting unit；6, it encapsulates
Layer；7, pixel defines structure.
Specific implementation mode
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment party
Present invention is further described in detail for formula.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment provides a kind of OLED luminescent devices, as shown in Figure 1, including cathode 2, anode 1 and blue-light-emitting list
Member 3, the blue-light-emitting unit 3 include the first colour light emitting material layer 31, luminous energy enhancing structure 32 and up-conversion luminescence layer
33；The light of first color is the visible light that wavelength is higher than blue light wavelength；Luminous energy enhancing structure 32 be used for enhance across its
The energy of light；The up-conversion luminescence layer 33 is made of the up-conversion luminescent material of blue light-emitting after the light excitation by the first color；
Wherein, the OLED luminescent devices have light-emitting surface, and the luminous energy enhancing structure 32 is compared to the first colour light emitting material
The bed of material 31 is closer to light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion luminescence layer 33 is compared to the luminous energy enhancing structure 32 closer to light-emitting surface.
In the OLED luminescent devices of the present embodiment, blue-light-emitting unit 3 includes：First colour light emitting material layer 31, luminous energy
Enhancing structure 32 and up-conversion luminescence layer 33 first use luminous energy enhancing structure 32 to enhance the energy of the visible light of non-blue,
Then up-conversion luminescent material blue light-emitting is excited using enhanced light, i.e., does not use indigo plant in the device blue-light-emitting unit 3
Color luminescent material blue light-emitting, but utilize the first colour light emitting material layer 31, luminous energy enhancing structure 32,33 generation of up-conversion luminescence layer
It for blue emitting material, therefore solves the problems, such as that the device bulk life time caused by blue emitting material short life is short, improves
Color offset phenomenon.The OLED luminescent devices of the present embodiment can be top light emitting-type OLED, can also be bottom light emitting-type OLED, fit
For various display devices.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment provides a kind of top light emitting-type OLED luminescent devices, as shown in Fig. 2, including cathode 2, anode 1 and setting
The first colour light emitting material layer 31 between the cathode 2 and anode 1, the luminescent device further include 32 He of luminous energy enhancing structure
Up-conversion luminescence layer 33, the first colour light emitting material layer 31, luminous energy enhancing structure 32 and up-conversion luminescence layer 33 constitute indigo plant
Color luminescence unit 3；The light of first color is the visible light that wavelength is higher than blue light wavelength；Luminous energy enhancing structure 32 is for enhancing
Across the energy of its light；The up-conversion luminescence layer 33 by by the first color light excitation after blue light-emitting up-conversion luminescence material
Material is constituted；Wherein, luminous energy enhancing structure 32 is set between the cathode 2 and up-conversion luminescence layer 33, the OLED luminescent devices
With light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion luminescence layer 33 compared to the first colour light emitting material layer 31 closer to light-emitting surface.
Top emitting device in the prior art, since blue emitting material is located between cathode 2 and anode 1, directly
There are microcavity effects for the blue light sent out, and under the action of microcavity effect, the blue light light intensity at positive visual angle enhances, and the light at big visual angle is cut
Weak, visual angle is poor, and blue emitting material blue light-emitting is not used in the present embodiment, but is conducive to the first colour light emitting material layer
31, luminous energy enhancing structure 32, up-conversion luminescence layer 33 replace blue emitting material, and luminous energy enhancing structure 32, up-conversion luminescence
Layer 33 compared to cathode 2 closer to light-emitting surface, i.e. up-conversion luminescence layer 33 not in the microcavity that cathode 2 and anode 1 are formed, because
Microcavity effect is not present in the blue light of the light excitation up-conversion luminescent material hair of this enhanced first color, belongs to lambert's body hair
It penetrates, the visual angle of light extraction is uniform, is equivalent to visual angle and is improved.
In one embodiment, the first color is red, i.e. the first colour light emitting material layer 31 includes red illuminating material,
Since red illuminating material itself can not excite up-conversion, luminous energy enhancing structure 32 is first used to enhance in this present embodiment red
Then the energy of color luminescent material excites up-conversion luminescent material blue light-emitting using enhanced light.Device in the present embodiment
Luminous efficiency is more than 20%.
In another embodiment, the first color is green, i.e. the first colour light emitting material layer 31 includes green emitting material
Material first uses luminous energy enhancing structure 32 to increase since green luminescent material itself can not excite up-conversion in this present embodiment
The energy of strong red illuminating material, then excites up-conversion luminescent material blue light-emitting using enhanced light.
It is understood that the luminescent material of other colors can also be used first to send out the visible light of non-blue, first enhance
After its energy, up-conversion luminescent material blue light-emitting is excited.It no longer enumerates herein.
As a kind of optional embodiment in the present embodiment, the luminous energy enhancing structure 32 includes the multiple enhancings being stacked
Layer, the thickness of each enhancement layer are the 1/4 of the wavelength of the light of the first color, and the difference of the refractive index of the material of adjacent enhancement layer
Value is more than 0.4.
Specifically, the luminous energy enhancing structure 32 includes the material of at least one set of high and low refractive index, according to the light of the first color
Energy demand amplification strength demand, the luminous energy enhancing structure 32 can be 20~40 groups repeat laminations.When the first color is
When red, red light wavelength 628nm, every layer of thickness is the 1/4 of red light wavelength, i.e. every layer of thickness is 157nm.
As a kind of optional embodiment in the present embodiment, the enhancement layer includes high refractive index enhancement layer and low refraction
Rate enhancement layer, the high refractive index enhancement layer are arranged alternately with low-refraction enhancement layer.
That is, the refractive index of the material of enhancement layer is high and low, high and low alternate cycles setting, and the material of adjacent two layers
The difference of the refractive index of material is more than the demand for the energy that 0.4 can meet the first color of light of enhancing.
The specific material for providing several enhancement layers herein can be TiO2、SiO2、ZnS、MgF2In any one or
Several mixtures.
More specifically, the specific number of plies of enhancement layer, every layer of specific material can be carried out according to Refractive Index of Material selection and
Change, the difference of the refractive index of the material of usual adjacent two layers is more than 0.4.
As a kind of optional embodiment in the present embodiment, the OLED luminescent devices further include the first colour light emitting list
Member 4, the first colour light emitting unit 4 include the first colour light emitting material layer 31, and the of the first colour light emitting unit 4
One colour light emitting material layer 31 and 31 same layer of the first colour light emitting material layer of blue-light-emitting unit 3 are arranged.
Referring to Fig. 3, the OLED luminescent devices of the present embodiment include blue-light-emitting unit 3 and the first colour light emitting unit 4, and two
Person includes the first colour light emitting material layer 31, and the first colour light emitting material layer 31 of the first colour light emitting unit 4 and blue
31 same layer of the first colour light emitting material layer of luminescence unit 3 is arranged.
Optionally, the up-conversion luminescent material of blue light-emitting includes neodymium ytterbium codope oxygen after the excitation by the first color of light
Change zirconium up-conversion luminescent material.
In another embodiment, OLED luminescent devices include blue-light-emitting unit 3, the first colour light emitting unit 4 and
Second colors luminescence unit 5, OLED luminescent devices further include that pixel defines structure 7, and pixel defines structure 7 and limits each luminous list
Member, specifically, the first color is red, the second color is green, i.e., the red illuminating material of blue-light-emitting unit 3 is sent out with feux rouges
The red illuminating material same layer of light unit is arranged.
It is also shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 of the present embodiment, in 4 outside of blue-light-emitting unit 3 and the first colour light emitting unit, i.e.,
It is additionally provided on the light-emitting surface of the cathode 2 of the up-conversion luminescence layer 33 of blue-light-emitting unit 3 and corresponding first colour light emitting unit 4
Encapsulated layer 6, for protecting device not corroded by water oxygen.
It is understood that the size of each structure sheaf, thickness etc. shown in the attached drawing of the present embodiment are only to illustrate.In technique reality
In existing, the projected area of each structure sheaf on substrate may be the same or different, and can be realized by changing mask or technique
Required each structure sheaf projected area；Meanwhile structure shown in attached drawing does not limit the geometry of each structure sheaf yet, such as can be
Rectangle shown in the drawings can also be trapezoidal or other shapes, can equally be realized by changing mask or technique.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of OLED luminescent devices, as shown in figure 5, including following preparation process：
S01, anode 1 is formed on substrate, then form pixel and define structure 7, pixel defines structure 7 and limits each hair
Light unit；Anode 1 have preferable electric conductivity, generally use inorganic, metal oxide (such as：Tin indium oxide ITO, zinc oxide
ZnO etc.), organic conductive polymer (such as：Poly- 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene/poly styrene sulfonate PEDOT：PSS, polyaniline
PANI etc.) or high-work-function metal material (such as：Gold, copper, silver, platinum etc.) it is made.The thickness range of anode 1 is 10~200nm.
Include blue-light-emitting unit 3, the first colour light emitting unit 4 (i.e. emitting red light unit), the second colour light emitting list in the present embodiment
First 5 (i.e. green emitting units).
S02, FMM mask evaporation process normal sedimentations are used to form the first colour light emitting on the substrate for completing above-mentioned steps
Material layer 31；Here, the first color be red, that is to say, that blue-light-emitting unit 3, emitting red light unit emitting red light material
The bed of material synchronizes to be formed；Then green luminescent material layer is formed；Specifically, luminous material layer can by with cavity transmission ability not
The organic material that undoped fluorescence radiation is formed less than the luminescent material of electron transport ability is made, or uses and adulterated by fluorescence
The organic material for the doping fluorescent material that agent is formed with host material is made, or uses and be made of phosphorescent dopants and host material
The organic material of doping phosphor material be made.Its thickness range is 10~50nm.
S03, semi-transparent semi-reflecting metallic cathode 2 being formed, cathode 2 can be the material of the high work function of the single layer of vacuum evaporation,
It can also be the composite cathode 2 of multilayer, can also be formed by the material adulterated, specifically, can be closed with one layer of Mg/Ag of vacuum evaporation
Golden material is as cathode 2.
S04, luminous energy enhancing structure 32 is deposited using FMM masks, wherein luminous energy enhancing structure 32 includes the multiple increasings being stacked
The refractive index of strong layer, the material of enhancement layer is arranged for high and low, high and low alternate cycles, and the refractive index of the material of adjacent two layers
Difference is more than 0.4.
S05, up-conversion luminescence layer 33 is deposited using FMM masks；The material of up-conversion luminescence layer 33 can be that neodymium ytterbium is co-doped with
Miscellaneous zirconium oxide up-conversion luminescent material.
S06, encapsulated layer 6 is formed, to exclude OLED inner airs and completely cut off the entrance of extraneous oxygen and moisture.
Embodiment 4：
Present embodiments provide a kind of display device comprising any one of the above OLED luminescent devices.The display dress
Setting to be：Electronic Paper, oled panel, mobile phone, tablet computer, television set, display, laptop, Digital Frame, navigation
Any product or component with display function such as instrument.
It is understood that the principle that embodiment of above is intended to be merely illustrative of the present and the exemplary implementation that uses
Mode, however the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, in the essence for not departing from the present invention
In the case of refreshing and essence, various changes and modifications can be made therein, these variations and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of OLED luminescent devices, which is characterized in that including cathode, anode and blue-light-emitting unit, the blue-light-emitting
Unit includes：
First colour light emitting material layer, the light of first color are the visible light that wavelength is higher than blue light wavelength；
Luminous energy enhancing structure, the energy for enhancing the light across it；
Up-conversion luminescence layer, the up-conversion luminescence layer by by the first color light excitation after blue light-emitting up-conversion luminescent material
It constitutes；
Wherein, the OLED luminescent devices have light-emitting surface, and the luminous energy enhancing structure is compared to first colour light emitting
Material layer is closer to light-emitting surface, and the up-conversion luminescence layer is compared to the luminous energy enhancing structure closer to light-emitting surface.
2. OLED luminescent devices according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the luminous energy enhancing structure includes stacked more
A enhancement layer, the thickness of each enhancement layer are the 1/4 of the wavelength of the light of the first color, and the refraction of the material of adjacent enhancement layer
The difference of rate is more than 0.4.
3. OLED luminescent devices according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the enhancement layer includes high refractive index enhancement layer
With low-refraction enhancement layer, the high refractive index enhancement layer is arranged alternately with low-refraction enhancement layer.
4. OLED luminescent devices according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the material of the enhancement layer includes TiO2、
SiO2、ZnS、MgF2In any one or a few mixture.
5. OLED luminescent devices according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the OLED luminescent devices further include the first face
Color luminescence unit, the first colour light emitting unit include the first colour light emitting material layer, and the first colour light emitting unit
The first colour light emitting material layer same layer of the first colour light emitting material layer and blue-light-emitting unit be arranged.
6. OLED luminescent devices according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the OLED luminescent devices are top light emitting-type
OLED luminescent devices, the first colour light emitting material layer are set between the cathode and anode, and the luminous energy enhancing structure is set
Between the up-conversion luminescence layer and cathode.
7. OLED luminescent devices according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first colour light emitting material layer includes red
Color luminescent material；The up-conversion luminescent material of blue light-emitting includes on neodymium ytterbium codope zirconium oxide after the excitation by the first color of light
Changing luminous material.
8. a kind of preparation method of claim 1-7 any one of them OLED luminescent devices, which is characterized in that including：
Formed cathode the step of, formed anode the step of, the step of forming cathode and formation anode the step of between further include
The step of forming blue-light-emitting unit；
Wherein, the formation blue-light-emitting unit includes the steps that forming the first colour light emitting material layer, forms up-conversion luminescence
The step of layer further includes forming luminous energy enhancing to tie between the step of forming the first colour light emitting material layer and up-conversion luminescence layer
The step of structure, and the OLED luminescent devices have light-emitting surface, the up-conversion luminescence layer is compared to first colour light emitting
Material layer is formed closer to light-emitting surface.
9. the preparation method of OLED luminescent devices according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include forming the first color
The step of luminescence unit, the first colour light emitting unit of the formation include the steps that forming the first colour light emitting material layer, and institute
The the first colour light emitting material layer for stating the first colour light emitting unit is synchronous with the first colour light emitting material layer of blue-light-emitting unit
It is formed.
10. a kind of display device, which is characterized in that including claim 1-7 any one of them OLED luminescent devices.
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| CN109616581B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 成都中电熊猫显示科技有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN110071222A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of luminescent device, display panel and display device |
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