CN108414469B - TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy) scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement device and method - Google Patents
TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy) scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a remote sensing measurement device and method based on TDLAS scanning and transceiving integrated motor vehicle tail gas, which is characterized in that the wavelength of emitted light of a laser is controlled by the temperature and current of the laser to cover the target absorption peak of gas to be measured, the free light output multi-wavelength coupling unit is used for realizing the high coaxiality or coincidence of multiple light beams, the coupled light beams are integrated with the transceiving of the light beams and the scanning of the light beams through an off-axis parabolic mirror and a rotating hexahedral mirror, the rotating hexahedral mirror is used for scanning the coupled light beams to reach a strip-shaped reflective patch paved on the ground through tail gas emission plume, the transceiving integrated structure is used for focusing the reflected light of the reflective patch to a detector, the detector signal is received and processed by an acquisition processing unit, and the device also comprises a wavelength locking unit for realizing the real-time locking of the wavelength of each laser, so that the system is not required to be frequently calibrated. The measuring device can realize high-sensitivity, high-spectral resolution, real-time and high-efficiency tail gas emission measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor vehicle exhaust remote sensing measurement, in particular to a TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy) scanning-transceiver-based integrated motor vehicle exhaust remote sensing measurement device and method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy, the exhaust emission of the motor vehicle becomes an important source of urban air pollution, and the analysis result of the first PM2.5 source carried out by the environmental protection department shows that 15% -52% of concentration contribution of PM2.5 in cities such as Beijing, shanghai and the like is derived from the exhaust emission of the motor vehicle. And since 2012, diesel exhaust has been clearly defined by the health organization as a category of carcinogens. Therefore, it is very necessary to measure the exhaust emission of the motor vehicle rapidly and truly for the prevention and treatment of air pollution. The state 'atmosphere method' clearly specifies that, since 2016, the remote measurement of tail gas can be carried out on motor vehicles running on a road under the condition of not influencing traffic, and then the environmental protection department writes a primary version of 'automobile pollutant emission limit value and measurement method' aiming at a remote sensing method in 2017, the control of the tail gas emission standard of the motor vehicles is more and more strict, the requirement of higher standard is also put forward on a tail gas remote measurement system, and a vertical tail gas remote sensing detection device suitable for high precision and high sensitivity is particularly needed.
In order to realize multi-component measurement, the existing tail gas measurement equipment generally needs to combine infrared (for measuring CO and CO 2) and ultraviolet light sources (for measuring NOX and CH), and for NOX and CH measurement, a broadband light source is mostly adopted, which can limit the spectral resolution of the system and is unfavorable for further improving the measurement accuracy of the system. In addition, for vertical tail gas measuring equipment, mainly lay reflecting structure on ground, realize V-arrangement or W-arrangement reflection formula measurement. However, the different types of motor vehicle exhaust duct locations, combined with the randomness of the vehicle's travel position in the road, further increase the error rate and miss rate of the measurement results.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a TDLAS scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement device and a TDLAS scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement method, which can realize synchronous, efficient and accurate measurement of multiple components in tail gas emissions.
The device adopts the following technical scheme: based on TDLAS scanning transceiver integral type motor vehicle exhaust remote sensing measurement device, this system includes: the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device, a concave mirror with a hole in the center, a rotating regular polyhedron reflecting mirror, a strip reflecting paste, a detector control unit, a collecting and processing unit and an industrial personal computer; the concave mirror is positioned on an emergent light path of the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device, and emergent light of the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device passes through a central hole of the concave mirror and is incident to the rotating regular polygon mirror; the strip-shaped reflecting paste is positioned below the rotating regular polyhedron reflecting mirror; the reflecting surface of the concave mirror faces the regular polygon reflecting mirror, and the detector is positioned on the focus of the concave mirror; the signal output end of the detector control unit is connected with the control end of the detector, and the signal output end of the detector is connected with the signal input end of the acquisition and processing unit; the signal output end of the acquisition and processing unit is connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer; the position relation between the concave mirror and the rotating regular polygon mirror can enable the laser passing through the center hole of the concave mirror to irradiate the rotating regular polygon mirror, the rotating regular polygon mirror reflects the incident laser to the strip-shaped reflecting paste, and the laser diffusely reflected by the strip-shaped reflecting paste is converged to the detector by the concave mirror after being reflected by the rotating regular polygon mirror.
The light beams emitted by the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device and subjected to high coupling pass through the center hole of the concave mirror to reach the surface of the rotary regular polyhedron reflecting mirror, the reflected light beams of the regular polyhedron reflecting mirror pass through tail gas smoke plumes of motor vehicles to reach the strip-shaped reflecting paste, diffuse reflected light of the reflecting paste is reflected by the rotary regular polyhedron reflecting mirror and the concave mirror again and focused to the detector, the detector control unit controls the detector to ensure stable operation, photoelectric output signals of the detector are processed and calculated by the collecting and processing unit to obtain the concentration value of tail gas smoke mass discharged, and concentration information of the collecting and processing unit and output information of the auxiliary measuring unit are uploaded and stored by the industrial personal computer.
Further, the TDLAS scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement device comprises an auxiliary measurement unit, wherein the auxiliary measurement unit comprises a speed and acceleration measurement module, a meteorological parameter measurement module and a license plate recognition measurement module, and the auxiliary measurement unit is used for measuring the speed and acceleration of a measured motor vehicle when the measured motor vehicle passes through the measurement device, environmental meteorological parameters and snapshot and recognition of the passing vehicle, and is controlled by the system control unit, and data uploading and storage are carried out.
Further, the multi-wavelength coupled laser emitting device includes a laser control unit, a plurality of laser units, a multi-wavelength beam coupling unit, and a wavelength locking unit; the laser control unit controls each laser unit; the laser emitted by each laser unit enters the multi-wavelength beam coupling unit to be coupled and output to the wavelength locking unit, and the laser is output after the wavelength locking unit locks the wavelength; the signal output end of the wavelength locking unit is connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer, and the signal input end of the laser control unit is connected with the signal output end of the industrial personal computer.
And the laser control unit controls the lasers in the laser unit to enable the output wavelength of each laser to scan through the absorption peak of the gas to be detected. And the multipath light beams output by the lasers in the laser unit pass through the multi-wavelength light beam coupling unit to realize high coupling of the light beams.
Further, the laser unit comprises near infrared and mid infrared DFB lasers, and the appropriate lasers can be selected according to the gas absorption simulation conditions to be detected in the HITRAN database.
Further, the concave mirror adopts an off-axis parabolic mirror, and the rotating regular polygon mirror adopts a hexahedral mirror; the off-axis parabolic mirror and the rotating hexahedral reflecting mirror structure form a scanning and receiving integrated structure, and the same light path for transmitting and receiving the light beam is completed.
Furthermore, the laser control unit comprises temperature control and current control of the lasers, on one hand, the lasers in the laser unit can normally output a target wavelength range under different environmental conditions, on the other hand, the laser control unit can load modulation signals for the lasers in the laser unit, the modulation frequency can be of the kHz magnitude, and the rapid measurement of tail gas is facilitated.
Further, the detector is in a thermoelectric refrigeration working mode, and can be a single broadband response infrared tellurium-cadmium-mercury detector or a combination of a narrow-bandwidth tellurium-cadmium-mercury detector and a near-infrared indium-gallium-arsenic detector. The temperature and current of the detector are controlled by the detector control unit, so that the normal operation of the detector is ensured.
Further, the multi-wavelength beam coupling unit is composed of various optical elements, and may take the form of a combination of a mirror and a grating. The wavelength locking unit comprises a spectroscope, an absorption tank, a detector and other components, and performs feedback control on the laser control unit to realize the real-time wavelength locking of each laser in the laser unit without frequent calibration and calibration of the system. The strip-shaped reflective patch is a reflective structure coated with reflective materials and is used for diffuse reflection of tail gas plume light beams, and the strip-shaped reflective patch is transversely paved in a tested lane and is arranged under the rotary hexahedral reflecting mirror.
The acquisition and processing unit processes photoelectric conversion signals of the detector, and according to the obtained spectrum absorption signals, the temperature information of the measured smoke mass is deduced by combining an infrared spectrum absorption theory, and temperature correction is carried out on the measurement result, so that the accuracy of the measurement result is improved.
The method adopts the following technical scheme: a TDLAS-scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement method comprises the following steps:
1) Firstly, obtaining a light intensity normalized harmonic peak calibration curve of each measured gas;
2) Then theoretically obtaining a temperature correction curve of each component harmonic peak value;
3) Recording the smoke mass background value of each gas before the arrival of the vehicle;
4) Measuring the change condition of smoke mass values of all components in exhaust gas in a limited time after a vehicle passes through a monitoring place, and using the measured absorption signal of any component to reflect the gas temperature, thereby carrying out temperature correction on the obtained smoke mass values of all components, and the specific method is as follows: obtaining the absorption linewidth value of any component by using the modulated absorption signal of the component and according to the formulaFurther evaluating the temperature value of the measured tail gas, wherein T is the temperature of the discharged smoke mass, T 0 At a standard temperature of 296K, deltav（T 0 ) Is the absorption line width value at standard temperature,Δv(T) the obtained absorption linewidth value at the T temperature and n is a temperature dependence coefficient can be obtained from the HITRAN database; combining the temperature correction curve in the step 2 according to the temperature of the discharged smoke mass obtained by the formula, so as to obtain the smoke mass value of each component after temperature correction; 5) Integrating the smoke mass values of each component after temperature correction obtained in a limited time, and then respectively obtaining the integrated smoke mass values of each component and CO 2 Calculating the concentration information of each component in the tail gas of the vehicle by combining the concentration ratio of each component in the tail gas of the vehicle with a combustion equation;
6) The computer controls the auxiliary measuring unit to obtain smoke intensity information, speed and acceleration of passing vehicles, license plate number information and environmental meteorological parameters;
7) And effectively judging the measured gas concentrations by combining the auxiliary measurement information, and judging whether the measured vehicle emission exceeds the standard according to the concentration control standard.
The concentration information of each component in the tail gas can be obtained quickly and accurately by combining the steps 3, 4 and 5, and the temperature correction and the diffusion of the tail gas along with time are fully considered, so that the measurement result is more accurate. Obtaining a temperature correction curve in step 2) is common knowledge in the art; it is common knowledge in the art to obtain information on the concentration of each component in step 5) in combination with the combustion equation.
The measuring device can realize high-sensitivity, high-spectrum resolution, real-time and high-efficiency tail gas emission measurement. The method can also be widely applied to the remote sensing measurement of the tail gas of the motor vehicle, and is particularly suitable for the measurement of the tail gas emission of the vertical multi-lane motor vehicle. The measuring method can rapidly and accurately obtain the smoke mass value of the automobile exhaust, and greatly reduces the error rate and the missed judgment rate in the current automobile exhaust measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a TDLAS-based scanning transceiver integrated motor vehicle exhaust remote sensing measurement device according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 101-laser control unit, a 102-laser unit, a 103-multi-wavelength beam coupling unit, a 104-wavelength locking unit, a 105-concave mirror, a 106-rotating regular polygon mirror, 107-tail gas smoke plume, 108-strip-shaped reflective stickers, 109-road surfaces, 110-detectors, 111-detector control units, 112-acquisition and processing units, 113-auxiliary measuring units and 114-industrial personal computers.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for ease of understanding only and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a TDLAS-based scanning, transceiving integrated remote sensing measurement device for motor vehicle exhaust, which comprises a laser control unit 101, a laser unit 102, a multi-wavelength beam coupling unit 103, a wavelength locking unit 104, a concave mirror 105 (using an off-axis parabolic mirror), a rotating regular polygon mirror 106 (rotating hexahedral mirror), a strip-shaped reflecting patch 108, a detector 110, a detector control unit 111, an acquisition and processing unit 112, an auxiliary measurement unit 113 and an industrial personal computer 114. And the laser control unit controls the lasers in the laser unit to enable the output wavelength of each laser to scan through the fingerprint absorption peak of the gas to be detected.
The multi-path light beams output by the lasers in the laser unit 102 are subjected to high coupling through the multi-wavelength light beam coupling unit 103, the coupled light beams pass through the off-axis parabolic mirror to reach the rotary hexahedral reflecting mirror, the reflected light beams of the hexahedral reflecting mirror pass through the tail gas smoke plume 107 of the motor vehicle to reach the strip-shaped reflecting paste 108 transversely paved on the road surface 109, the diffuse reflected light of the strip-shaped reflecting paste 108 is reflected again by the rotary hexahedral reflecting mirror and the off-axis parabolic mirror and focused to the detector 110, the detector control unit 111 ensures that the detector 110 can work stably, the photoelectric signals output by the detector 110 are processed by the acquisition and processing unit 112 and calculate the concentration value of the discharged tail gas smoke mass, and concentration information and auxiliary measurement information (including smoke intensity, speed, acceleration, weather parameters and the like) are controlled by the industrial personal computer 114 to upload and save data.
The laser unit 102 includes near-infrared and mid-infrared lasers, and may select an appropriate laser to scan a "fingerprint" absorption peak covering the gas under test according to the gas absorption simulation in the HITRAN database, and the lasers are preferably near-infrared and mid-infrared DFB lasers.
The detector 110 is a thermoelectric refrigeration mode, and can be a single broadband response infrared tellurium-cadmium-mercury detector or a combination of a narrow-bandwidth tellurium-cadmium-mercury detector and a near-infrared indium-gallium-arsenic detector.
The multi-wavelength beam coupling unit 103 is composed of various optical elements, and may be in the form of a combination of a mirror and a grating, or may be in the form of a combination of other elements. The wavelength locking unit 104 includes components such as an absorption tank and a detector, and the strip-shaped reflective patch 108 is a reflective structure coated with a reflective material, and is used for diffuse reflection of a tail gas plume beam passing through the vehicle, and is horizontally laid in a measured lane and is arranged under the rotary hexahedral reflecting mirror.
The off-axis parabolic mirror and the rotary hexahedral reflecting mirror structure form a scanning receiving-transmitting integrated structure, and the scanning receiving-transmitting integrated structure is combined with the strip-shaped reflecting paste paved in a road, so that the scanning type emission and diffuse reflection light receiving same light path of light beams can be realized, the absorption spectrum information of the scattered plumes in the scanning cross section of the light beams can be obtained no matter the measured vehicle runs at the position of a lane, and the plumes concentration condition at different positions in the scanning cross section can be further obtained. The tail gas measuring device with the structure can avoid the missing measurement rate and the misjudgment rate of the V-shaped reflection structure and the W-shaped reflection structure, and can further infer whether the measured result is influenced by the emission of the adjacent lanes according to the smoke plume concentration distribution conditions at different inversion positions.
The acquisition and processing unit 112 processes the photoelectric conversion signal of the detector, and according to the obtained spectrum absorption signal, the temperature information of the detected smoke mass is deduced by combining with the infrared spectrum absorption theory, and the temperature correction is performed on the gas smoke plume measurement result. Since the harmonic signal of the measured gas is related to the temperature and pressure of the gas, and in the open state, the pressure of the gas is about one atmosphere, and for the temperature of the gas, the exhaust gas temperature discharged from the exhaust pipe is high, and the exhaust gas plume is very fast to diffuse, the measured plume temperature is not practically equal to the ambient air temperature and is greater than the ambient temperature, so that the temperature needs to be corrected in real time when the accurate exhaust gas concentration measurement is performed.
The invention adopts a specific measurement method that: firstly, obtaining a calibration curve of each measured gas; measuring a smoke mass value of each gas in the tail gas smoke plume, processing an absorption signal of any gas to obtain an absorption line width value of the gas, further obtaining a gas temperature value corresponding to the measured tail gas smoke plume, and carrying out temperature correction on the measured smoke mass value; recording the background value of each gas smoke mass before the arrival of the vehicle; measuring the smoke mass change condition of the vehicle in a limited time after the vehicle passes through the monitoring place; integrating the smoke mass values of each component after temperature correction obtained in a limited time, and then respectively obtaining the integrated smoke mass values of each component and CO 2 The absolute concentration information of each gas in the tail gas of the vehicle is calculated by inversion of a proper combustion equation; the auxiliary measuring unit is controlled to obtain smoke intensity information, speed and acceleration of passing vehicles, license plate number information, environmental meteorological parameters and the like; and effectively judging the measured gas concentrations by combining the auxiliary measurement information, and judging whether the measured vehicle emission exceeds the standard by combining the concentration control standard.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating and describing the present invention, the device structure and the measuring method of the present invention are not limited thereto, and all equivalent substitutions and modifications made on the basis of the present invention shall be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A remote sensing measurement method based on TDLAS scanning and transceiving integrated motor vehicle tail gas is realized by adopting a remote sensing measurement device based on TDLAS scanning and transceiving integrated motor vehicle tail gas, and the device comprises the following steps: the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device, a concave mirror (105) with a hole in the center, a rotating regular polyhedron reflecting mirror (106), a strip-shaped reflecting paste (108), a detector (110), a detector control unit (111), an acquisition and processing unit (112) and an industrial personal computer (114); the concave mirror (105) is positioned on an emergent light path of the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device, and emergent light of the multi-wavelength coupling laser emission device passes through a central hole of the concave mirror (105) and is incident to the rotating regular polyhedron reflecting mirror (106); the strip-shaped reflecting paste (108) is positioned on a road surface (109) below the rotating regular polyhedron reflecting mirror (106); the reflecting surface of the concave mirror (105) faces the regular polygon reflecting mirror (106) and the detector (110) is positioned on the focus of the concave mirror (105); the signal output end of the detector control unit (111) is connected with the control end of the detector (110), and the signal output end of the detector (110) is connected with the signal input end of the acquisition and processing unit (112); the signal output end of the acquisition and processing unit (112) is connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer (114); the position relation between the concave mirror (105) and the rotating regular polygon mirror (106) can enable laser passing through the center hole of the concave mirror (105) to irradiate the rotating regular polygon mirror (106), the rotating regular polygon mirror (106) reflects the incident laser to the strip-shaped reflecting patch (108), and the laser diffusely reflected by the strip-shaped reflecting patch (108) is converged to the detector (110) by the concave mirror (105) after being reflected by the rotating regular polygon mirror (106);
the system also comprises an auxiliary measuring unit (113) connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer (114); the auxiliary measuring unit (113) comprises a speed and acceleration measuring module, a meteorological parameter measuring module and a license plate recognition measuring module, and is used for measuring the speed and acceleration of the measured motor vehicle when passing through the measuring device, the environmental meteorological parameters and the snapshot and recognition of the passing vehicle respectively, and the industrial personal computer (114) is used for controlling and uploading and storing data; the multi-wavelength coupling laser emitting device comprises a laser control unit (101), a plurality of laser units (102), a multi-wavelength beam coupling unit (103) and a wavelength locking unit (104); the laser control unit (101) controls each laser unit (102); the laser emitted by each laser unit (102) enters a multi-wavelength beam coupling unit (103) to be coupled and output to a wavelength locking unit (104), and the laser is output after the wavelength locking unit (104) locks the wavelength; the signal output end of the wavelength locking unit (104) is connected with the signal input end of the industrial personal computer (114), and the signal input end of the laser control unit (101) is connected with the signal output end of the industrial personal computer (114); the laser unit (102) comprises near infrared and mid infrared DFB lasers, and the lasers with proper wavelengths can be selected according to the gas absorption simulation conditions to be detected in the HITRAN database; the concave mirror (105) adopts an off-axis parabolic mirror, and the rotary regular polygon reflecting mirror (106) adopts a hexahedral reflecting mirror; the off-axis parabolic mirror and the hexahedral reflecting mirror form a scanning and transceiving integrated structure, so that light beam transceiving integration and light beam scanning are completed; the laser control unit (101) comprises temperature control and current control of lasers, so that on one hand, each laser in the laser unit (102) can normally output a target wavelength range under different environmental conditions, and on the other hand, the laser control unit (101) can load modulation signals for each laser in the laser unit (102), and the modulation frequency adopts kHz magnitude, so that the rapid measurement of tail gas is facilitated; the detector (110) is in a thermoelectric refrigeration working mode, adopts a single broadband response infrared tellurium-cadmium-mercury detector, or adopts a combination mode of a narrow bandwidth tellurium-cadmium-mercury detector and a near infrared indium-gallium-arsenic detector; the temperature and current of the detector (110) are controlled by the detector control unit (111) to ensure the normal operation of the detector; the multi-wavelength light beam coupling unit (103) consists of a plurality of optical elements and adopts a form of combining a reflecting mirror and a grating; the wavelength locking unit (104) comprises a spectroscope, an absorption tank and a detector component, and is used for carrying out real-time wavelength locking on each laser, the strip-shaped reflective patch (108) is a reflective structure coated with reflective materials and is used for penetrating through diffuse reflection of tail gas plume light beams, transversely spreading in a measured lane and being arranged under the rotating regular polyhedron reflecting mirror (106);
characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
1) Firstly, obtaining a light intensity normalized harmonic peak calibration curve of each measured gas;
2) Then theoretically obtaining a temperature correction curve of each component harmonic peak value;
3) Recording the smoke mass background value of each gas before the arrival of the vehicle;
4) Measuring the time of the vehicle passing the monitoring siteThe smoke mass value change condition of each component in the exhaust gas discharged from the room is utilized, and the measured absorption signal of any component is utilized to reverse the gas temperature, so that the temperature correction is carried out on the obtained smoke mass value of each component, and the specific method is as follows: obtaining the absorption linewidth value of any component by using the modulated absorption signal of the component and according to the formulaFurther evaluating the temperature value of the measured tail gas, wherein T is the temperature of the discharged smoke mass, T 0 At a standard temperature of 296K, deltav（T 0 ) Is the absorption line width value delta at standard temperaturev(T) the obtained absorption linewidth value at the T temperature and n is a temperature dependence coefficient can be obtained from the HITRAN database; combining the temperature correction curve in the step 2 according to the temperature of the discharged smoke mass obtained by the formula, so as to obtain the smoke mass value of each component after temperature correction;
5) Integrating the smoke mass values of each component after temperature correction obtained in a limited time, and then respectively obtaining the integrated smoke mass values of each component and CO 2 Calculating the concentration information of each component in the tail gas of the vehicle by combining the concentration ratio of each component in the tail gas of the vehicle with a combustion equation;
6) The computer controls the auxiliary measuring unit to obtain smoke intensity information, speed and acceleration of passing vehicles, license plate number information and environmental meteorological parameters;
7) And effectively judging the measured gas concentrations by combining the auxiliary measurement information, and judging whether the measured vehicle emission exceeds the standard according to the concentration control standard.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810254957.7A CN108414469B (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy) scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810254957.7A CN108414469B (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy) scanning-based transceiver integrated motor vehicle tail gas remote sensing measurement device and method |
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