CN108414071A - Manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method - Google Patents
Manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108414071A CN108414071A CN201810175678.1A CN201810175678A CN108414071A CN 108414071 A CN108414071 A CN 108414071A CN 201810175678 A CN201810175678 A CN 201810175678A CN 108414071 A CN108414071 A CN 108414071A
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- sound transducer
- vibrating sensor
- manned spacecraft
- sound
- working region
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/12—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of longitudinal or not specified vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/66—Arrangements or adaptations of apparatus or instruments, not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of manned spacecraft interior noise measurement methods, including：(a) sealed compartment interior zone is divided by working region and living area according to the use function in space in System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin；(b) working region is divided into work subregion, in each work subregion, sound transducer is set in a manner of mutually equidistant with each other；(c) in the living area, living area sound transducer is set to be more than the distance between sound transducer described in working region；(d) vibrating sensor is respectively set in the work chamber and accommodation；(e) signal that the sound transducer and the vibrating sensor are acquired is transferred to the multi-channel measurement instrument being arranged outside System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin respectively；(f) signal acquired according to sound transducer and vibrating sensor determines that noise is distributed in each wave-length coverage in manned spacecraft work chamber and accommodation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manned Environmental Studies experimental techniques of manned spacecraft more particularly to manned spacecraft interior noise to survey
Amount method.
Background technology
The sealed compartment of manned spacecraft is the region that spacefarer works and lives, and is worked normally for guarantee spacefarer and raw
It is living, it needs to provide the noise circumstance for meeting medical requirement in sealed compartment.The generation source of interior noise mainly has in sealed compartment
The motion artifacts of rotary part and the noise that moving component in the non-pressurized interior passed over is vibrated from bulkhead.It can be seen that close
Mainly there are solid vibration transmission, air vibration transmission and cabin internal reflection in the route of transmission of envelope interior noise.
In order to grasp, sealed compartment interior noise level, whether evaluation interior noise control measure are effective, are Measures on Noise Control
Improvement provide foundation, need to measure the noise in sealed compartment, grasp different zones noise level distribution.Previous
Interior noise measures be utilized in cabin more and arranges that 3 to 5 acoustimeters measure, and the noise level in region is represented with single-point.
This method does not simply fail to accurately obtain noise region level, while obtained measurement result also can not be to Measures on Noise Control
Improvement extends efficient help.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of manned spacecraft interior noise measurement methods, are sealed for manned spacecraft
Noise is transmitted by solid vibration in cabin, air vibration transmits and the pipeline of cabin internal reflection transmission, acquires noise signal, comprehensive
It closes and measures noise in manned spacecraft cabin.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method, including：
(a) sealed compartment interior zone is divided by working region according to the use function in space in System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin
The living area and；
(b) working region is divided into work subregion, in each work subregion, with mutually equidistant with each other
Sound transducer is arranged in mode；
(c) in the living area, to be more than the setting life of the distance between sound transducer described in working region
Area's sound transducer；
(d) vibrating sensor is respectively set in the work chamber and accommodation；
(e) signal that the sound transducer and the vibrating sensor are acquired is transferred to respectively and is arranged in manned boat
Multi-channel measurement instrument outside its device sealed compartment；
(f) signal acquired according to sound transducer and vibrating sensor determines manned spacecraft work chamber and life
Noise is distributed in each wave-length coverage in cabin.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step (b), according to the equipment or instrument in System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin
The location of plate divides work subregion in the working region.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the spacing between the sound transducer is the half-wavelength of sound wave in cabin, best
It is 20 millimeters.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step (c), determine astronaut in manned space flight in living area
The sound transducer is arranged in its head present position in head present position when being in resting state in device accommodation, described
Spacing between sound transducer is 30-40 millimeters.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step (d), the vibrating sensor is arranged in the manned space flight
The connected bulkhead of the instrument and equipment, dashboard, the non-pressurized interior that are arranged in the bulkhead inner wall of device sealed compartment, System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin
In inner wall, living area when astronaut's rest on the bulkhead inner wall of head present position.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the equipment or instrument plate installed in work chamber towards on the surface of accommodation,
On each quadrant for the bulkhead solid wall surface that non-pressurized interior is connected or on the bulkhead of work chamber and accommodation, at least install respectively
One vibrating sensor.
According to an aspect of the present invention, when the vibrating sensor is arranged in instrument plate surface, along the side of dashboard
Vibrating sensor is arranged in long alternate 40-50 millimeters of equal intervals.
According to an aspect of the present invention, sound pressure level at its present position is acquired by the sound transducer, and obtained
The functional relation of acoustic pressure and time；Pressure and the functional relation between the time are obtained by the vibrating sensor.
According to the method for the present invention, by dividing working region and living area, functionally to space in sealed compartment into
Row is distinguished, and determines the priority of noise gathering.Since workspace device within the domain is more, spacefarer swims everywhere in working region
It is dynamic, so relatively more sound transducer is arranged in working region, relatively densely acquire noise data.Meanwhile
In working region, also on equipment surface, dashboard, the first-class location settings sensor acquisition noise data of bulkhead.Basis as a result,
The method of the present invention can have emphasis, have compare concentration for noise source position acquisition noise data with stressing so that be adopted
The data precision of collection is relatively high.Due to reasonable Arrangement sensor, arrangement is avoided excessively to cause weight fluctuations, or from arranging
The defect for causing data accuracy to decline less.According to the present invention, the function of relaxing area, spacefarer are considered wherein
The factors such as body posture, concentrate on spacefarer head and sensor nearby are arranged, and not only ensure that the collected noise data of institute is accurate,
And ensure that the noise source in the region near spacefarer head is all considered.It can consider to take to arrange according to these data emphasis
The noise improvement near emphasis improvement spacefarer head is applied, ensures the in-orbit rest of spacefarer, working healthily.
According to the present invention, considers to detect and noise is passed to by vibration due to wall surfaces such as solid wall surface, bulkhead, dashboards, also
Vibrating sensor is set on these wall surfaces or surface, acquires vibration data.By effectively controlling the setting interval of sensor, protect
The precision of data acquisition, while effective and reasonable control number of sensors are demonstrate,proved, avoids unnecessarily increasing weight or due to sensing
Device lazy weight causes gathered data cannot the case where precisely noise is by the transmission and reflection of vibration in reaction cabin.
Description of the drawings
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is to schematically show noise measurement method schematic diagram according to the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The description of this specification embodiment should be combined with corresponding attached drawing, and attached drawing should be used as the one of complete specification
Part.In the accompanying drawings, the shape of embodiment or thickness can expand, and to simplify or facilitate mark.Furthermore it is respectively tied in attached drawing
The part of structure will be to describe to illustrate respectively, it is notable that the member for being not shown in figure or not illustrated by word
Part is the form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in technical field.
The description of embodiments herein, any reference in relation to direction and orientation are merely for convenience of describing, and cannot manage
Solution is any restrictions of the scope of the present invention.It can be related to the combination of feature below for the explanation of preferred embodiment, this
A little features may be individually present or combine presence, and the present invention is not defined in preferred embodiment particularly.The present invention's
Range is defined by the claims.
Spacefarer is generally in two states, i.e. working condition and animation in space capsule.According to this hair
Space capsule is divided into the work to work for spacefarer by bright design for the above two state of spacefarer
Region and the relaxing area rested for spacefarer.Then, noise-measuring point is chosen in each area, is set in these measurement points
Sound transducer is set, the point and surrounding noise signal are acquired.Meanwhile in the working region and living area delimited,
Such as setting vibration passes on other surfaces of solids such as surface, the bulkhead of dashboard, instrument and equipment among working region
Sensor, the signal that acquisition noise reflects between the surface of solids.In addition to this, also in the nacelle being connected with each other with non-pressurized interior
Vibrating sensor is set on wall surface, acquires the noise transmitted by bulkhead vibrates from non-pressurized interior.Finally, by sound
The comprehensive analysis for the signal that sensor and vibrating sensor acquire respectively determines noise intensity in space capsule, sealed compartment
In the intensity of noise and situations such as source at each different location.As a result, to take effective noise reduction measure to provide reliably
Foundation.
Fig. 1 schematically shows that a space capsule, a kind of embodiment according to the present invention divide the sealed compartment
For the living area 2 of the working region 1 and right side in left side in figure.Working region 1 is that spacefarer operates equipment completion work
Region；Living area 2 is the region of spacefarer's rest sleep.Living area 2 can pass through partition board, curtain with working region 1
Etc. modes be isolated.
In the present embodiment, the division in noise-measuring region, Yi Jichuan are carried out for working region 1 and living area 2
The arrangement of sensor and setting.In working region 1, multiple small regions can be further divided.In the present embodiment, as schemed
Shown in 1, small region is further marked off by a dotted line in working region 1.In the present embodiment, in these zonules
The crosspoint of dotted line is test point 6.Setting or placement of sounds sensor in test point 6.It is of course also possible to will by dotted line institute into
One step is divided or the center of the zonule of division is as test point 6, and the centrally disposed or placement of sounds in each zonule senses
Device.No matter the form of which kind of placement of sounds sensor, according to the present invention, the mutual distance of each sound transducer is equal.
For example, when being arranged sound transducer on dotted line crosspoint, the distance between each sound transducer is that two dotted lines are handed over
Dotted line length between crunode.These dotted line length are mutually equal.And when being arranged sound transducer at zonule center, respectively
The distance between a sound transducer is equal to the distance between two dotted line crosspoints.
Measuring point in working region 1 is selected and arranges the main distributing position for considering equipment in working region 1, due to work
The below deck equipment arranged and arranged in region 1 compares concentration, so according to the present invention, the measuring point that is arranged in working region 1 or
The sound transducer of arrangement than comparatively dense, between each measuring point or sound transducer between be divided into 20 millimeters.This length is basic
On be equivalent to the half-wavelength of sound wave in cabin.
In addition to this, meeting shift position when being worked in working region 1 due to spacefarer, and working region 1 can be reached
In each position, so the arrangement of measuring point or sound transducer in working region 1 should in entire working region 1 into
Row.That is, arranging measuring point in entire working region 1.
In present embodiment according to the present invention, further subdivision is no longer done to relaxing area, but one is rested
Region carries out division processing as a measured zone.Usual spacefarer posture residing in relaxing area is relatively more fixed,
In present embodiment, the head region in measurement noise mainly for spacefarer measures.As shown in Figure 1, space flight
Head zone 3 residing for member head is in the upper right corner of relaxing area.As shown, head zone 3 is located at the top of relaxing area
It is biased to the position in the upper right corner.
Relaxing area 2 is relatively independent in space capsule, and function is relatively easy, wherein set equipment and work
Region 1 is few compared to also.Spacefarer does not move in relaxing area 2, position and the relatively easy fixation of posture.Therefore, according to this hair
Bright, each measuring point or the spacing of sound transducer setting are than big in working region 1 in relaxing area 2.In the present embodiment,
Spacing between each measuring point or sound transducer is in the range of 30-40 millimeters.In addition, it is contemplated that spacefarer is in relaxing area
Body gesture in 2 is relatively more fixed, so the arrangement of measuring point or sound transducer is mainly based on the near zone of spacefarer head.
In the present embodiment, the measure traverse line of all the sensors is all by 4 crossing cabin of the porthole technique blind hole of rest area
Go out, is connected with each other in measuring instrument 5 out of my cabin with being arranged.As a result, by data transfer to measuring instrument, by measuring instrument to data into
Row filtering, record, show real-time results with curve.
According to the present invention, in considering above-mentioned working region 1 and living area 2 arrangement from measuring point and sound transducer with
Outside, it is also contemplated that measure the case where reflection and bulkhead of the sound wave in cabin on fixed wall are transmitted.Therefore, in the present embodiment,
On the inside of the surface for the larger equipment that compares in dashboard, volume, the bulkhead being connected with non-pressurized interior, spacefarer in relaxing area
It is arranged or arranges vibrating sensor on the inside of solid wall surface and bulkhead near the present position of head, is adopted by vibrating sensor
Collect the vibration data of solid wall surface and bulkhead.
According to the present invention, the setting quantity of vibrating sensor is less than the quantity of sound transducer.For example, according to the present invention
A kind of embodiment in, be arranged on surface of the relatively large equipment of volume towards working region 1 --- such as paste ---
One vibrating sensor, along the length of side direction of dashboard, alternate about 40-50 millimeters of spacing setting one is shaken on dashboard
Dynamic sensor.One vibrating sensor is set on each quadrant on the inside of the bulkhead being connected with non-pressurized interior, in relaxing area 2
One vibrating sensor is set on the inside of the bulkhead near head, a vibrating sensing is set on the headward surface of partition board
Device.
In the present embodiment, nacelle porthole is adapted as holder person ignorant of ABCs in art's plate, the sensor at each measuring point is passed through
Penetrating cable is led on multi-channel measurement instrument out of my cabin.The sound pressure level at measuring point can be directly obtained by acoustimeter, in addition also
It can get pressure versus time curve.Pressure versus time curve is also can get by vibrating sensor.After utilization
Platform analyzes program, and pressure can change with time and be converted to the relation curve of frequency and wavelength, obtain the frequency under different wave length
Rate size.
It can be analyzed for different wavelength range noise profile by measurement result, propose control accordingly and improve to arrange
It applies, ensures spacefarer's operation on orbit health.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (8)
1. manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method, including：
(a) sealed compartment interior zone is divided by working region and life according to the use function in space in System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin
Region living；
(b) working region is divided into work subregion, in each work subregion, in a manner of mutually equidistant with each other
Sound transducer is set；
(c) in the living area, living area sound is set to be more than the distance between sound transducer described in working region
Sound sensor；
(d) vibrating sensor is respectively set in the work chamber and accommodation；
(e) signal that the sound transducer and the vibrating sensor are acquired is transferred to respectively and is arranged in manned spacecraft
Multi-channel measurement instrument outside sealed compartment；
(f) signal acquired according to sound transducer and vibrating sensor determines in manned spacecraft work chamber and accommodation
Noise is distributed in each wave-length coverage.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
In the step (b), according to the location of the equipment or instrument plate in System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin in the workspace
Work subregion is divided in domain.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the spacing between the sound transducer is sound in cabin
The half-wavelength of wave, preferably 20 millimeters.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
In the step (c), when determining that astronaut is in resting state in manned spacecraft accommodation in living area
The sound transducer is arranged in its head present position in head present position, and the spacing between the sound transducer is 30-
40 millimeters.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
In the step (d), bulkhead inner wall in the System for Manned Spacecraft Cabin, manned boat is arranged in the vibrating sensor
In its device sealed compartment in the connected bulkhead inner wall of the instrument and equipment, dashboard, non-pressurized interior of setting, living area when astronaut's rest
On the bulkhead inner wall of head present position.
6. method according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the equipment or instrument plate direction installed in work chamber
On the surface of accommodation, non-pressurized interior be connected bulkhead solid wall surface each quadrant on or work chamber and accommodation bulkhead
On, a vibrating sensor is at least installed respectively.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, instrument plate surface be arranged the vibrating sensor when, edge
Alternate 40-50 millimeters of the equal intervals setting vibrating sensor of the length of side of dashboard.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, acquiring sound at its present position by the sound transducer
It arbitrarily downgrades, and obtains acoustic pressure and the functional relation of time；Pressure is obtained by the vibrating sensor and the function between the time closes
System.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810175678.1A CN108414071B (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2018-03-02 | Manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method |
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| CN201810175678.1A CN108414071B (en) | 2018-03-02 | 2018-03-02 | Manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method |
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| CN108414071B CN108414071B (en) | 2019-05-28 |
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| CN105699030A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-22 | 北京空间技术研制试验中心 | Spacecraft mechanical environment measuring system |
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| US20180003550A1 (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2018-01-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Gauge length optimization in distributed vibration sensing |
| CN107585328A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-16 | 北京空间技术研制试验中心 | The multi-functional manned spacecraft that can be flown for a long time |
| CN107599738A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-19 | 北京华横新技术开发公司 | The noise-reduction method of the running noises of vehicle noise reduction system and reduction vehicle |
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2018
- 2018-03-02 CN CN201810175678.1A patent/CN108414071B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105699030A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-22 | 北京空间技术研制试验中心 | Spacecraft mechanical environment measuring system |
| US20180003550A1 (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2018-01-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Gauge length optimization in distributed vibration sensing |
| CN106197653A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle air sound and structure-borne sound recognition methods |
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| CN106500828A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-15 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | A kind of method that noise profile in driving cabin is voluntarily equipped in hand microphone array and its test |
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| CN107585328A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-16 | 北京空间技术研制试验中心 | The multi-functional manned spacecraft that can be flown for a long time |
| CN107599738A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-19 | 北京华横新技术开发公司 | The noise-reduction method of the running noises of vehicle noise reduction system and reduction vehicle |
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| CN108414071B (en) | 2019-05-28 |
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