CN106500828A - A kind of method that noise profile in driving cabin is voluntarily equipped in hand microphone array and its test - Google Patents
A kind of method that noise profile in driving cabin is voluntarily equipped in hand microphone array and its test Download PDFInfo
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- CN106500828A CN106500828A CN201610862076.4A CN201610862076A CN106500828A CN 106500828 A CN106500828 A CN 106500828A CN 201610862076 A CN201610862076 A CN 201610862076A CN 106500828 A CN106500828 A CN 106500828A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that noise profile in driving cabin is voluntarily equipped in hand microphone array and its test；Hand microphone array includes that n × n plane squares array and a photographic head of n × n microphone composition, test are voluntarily equipped the method for noise profile in driving cabin and include structure microphone array, arrange video frequency pick-up head, determine the step such as noise profile situation in driving cabin；The present invention can in real time, accurately measure driving interior noise, and realize the coupling of material picture in noise intensity distribution and cabin, with speed is fast, high precision, test result accurately advantage directly perceived.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to equipment noise testing technical field, is related to a kind of hand microphone array and its test from luggage
The method of noise profile in standby driving cabin.
Background technology
Voluntarily equipment belongs to large-scale armament equipment, and the mutual collision of complicated machinery component, friction and gas extraction system are produced
Noise magnitude is very big.Meanwhile, the driving cabin that voluntarily equips is usually hermetic design, is unfavorable for sonic propagation of making an uproar, and causes driver
Very severe with the acoustic environment of weapon operation person works, it is unfavorable for the performance of voluntarily Military Equipment Battling efficiency.Therefore, to equipment
Driving cabin noise profile is tested, significant to the working environment for controlling noise, improving operator.
Space due to equipping driving cabin is less, and usually hermetic design, becomes conventional large scale array measurement
Extremely difficult.At present, do not have a more perfect method of testing in terms of equipment interior noise test, generally adopt single-point
Or the method for the sound level weighted of multimetering specified point, measurement result is relatively simple, is only capable of reflecting that the magnitude of global noise is big
Little, it is impossible to complete description spatial noise distribution, particularly the source position and contribution amount of noise clearly cannot be given, unfavorable
Noise protection research and improvement in equipment driving cabin.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide and a kind of can complete in driving cabin the test of steady state noise can
Realize hand microphone array that the acoustic picture of noise intensity distribution matched with source in kind and its test voluntarily equipping
The method of noise profile in driving cabin.
By solving the technical scheme that adopts of above-mentioned technical problem it is：A kind of hand microphone array and its test are voluntarily
The method of noise profile in equipment driving cabin.
N × n that the hand microphone array includes flat support, be arranged on flat rack upper surface is transaudient
Device and photographic head, wherein n >=3；Equidistantly constitute a horizontal or vertical line array per n microphone, the microphone it
Between spacing be respectively D, the span of D is 0.1～0.2m；The parallel equidistant composition n × n plane squares of n line array
Array, the line-spacing of n × n plane squares array are equal with the spacing；The photographic head is just being located at n × n planes
The central point O of square array.
The microphone of above-mentioned hand microphone array adopts 40PH type array microphones.
The method that noise profile in driving cabin is voluntarily equipped using the hand microphone array test includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) test platform is set up；
The test platform includes hand microphone array, Signal-regulated kinase, record hardware module and host computer；Will
The outfan of each microphone and photographic head in hand microphone array connects the respective input of Signal-regulated kinase respectively；
The outfan of the Signal-regulated kinase connects the respective input of the record hardware module and host computer respectively；
(2) test platform is debugged, starts voluntarily to equip after exact p-value platform reliability service, treat voluntarily to equip and hold
Reforwarding row T for a period of time, make voluntarily equipment to be measured drive interior noise stable after, you can voluntarily equipped driving interior noise
Distribution tests；During debugging, the hand microphone array is placed in any position in voluntarily equipment driving cabin to be measured；Wherein T >=
60s；
(3) determine and voluntarily equip distribution situation of making an uproar in driving cabin：
With the central point O of n × n plane squares array as origin O (0,0), set up coordinate system；The hand-held is passed
In sound device array, i-th microphone is designated as Mi, its position vector isWherein i=1,2 ..., n2, then carry out operations described below：
(3-1) determine that noise signal reaches i-th microphone MiWith time difference τ for reaching origin O (0,0)i；From direction
Noise signal reach i-th microphone MiWith time difference τ for reaching origin O (0,0)iComputing formula as follows：
In (formula 1),Vector for origin O (0,0) regions to be measured in sound source plane；For i-th microphone MiArrive
The position vector of origin O (0,0)；C is the instant velocity of sound；
(3-2) determine the strength of sound source of frequency domain form
FromThe strength of sound source of the frequency domain form in directionComputing formula is as follows：
In (formula 2), circular frequency of the ω for acoustical signal；wiCharacteristic coefficient for microphone；piBelieve for the sound that microphone is measured
Number sound pressure level；Wherein i=1,2 ..., n2；
(3-3) determine that the collimated beam of sound of sound source forms energy output；
I-th microphone MiSteering vectorComputing formula is as follows：
In (formula 3), wave numbers of the k for acoustical signal, k=ω/c；
FromThe frequency in direction is exported for the beamforming energy of ωComputing formula is as follows：
In (formula 4), CijFor i-th microphone MiWith j-th microphone MjCollection signal cross-spectrum, wherein, i and j are equal
For 1,2 ..., n2；i≠j；For i-th microphone MiSteering vector；For j-th microphone MjSteering vector；
(3-4) determine the noise profile in kind of sound source plane
Using the photographic head of the central point O for being located at n × n plane squares array, the light in kind of sound source plane is shot
Learn image；Frequency to be analyzed be ω locate, by origin O (0,0) arrive sound source vectorSweep according to the order of progressive scan end
Whole sound source plane is retouched, and outgoing vector is calculated respectively by step (3-1), (3-1), (3-3)Corresponding sound source plan-position noise
Beamforming energy outputAgain the energy of each position of sound source plane is arranged according to position, frequency is obtained for ω
When noise profile intensity cloud atlas；Adjust the image parameters of noise profile intensity cloud atlas so as to which transparency is adjusted to 50%, i.e., half
After transparency, noise profile intensity cloud atlas is merged with the optical imagery in kind of sound source and is superimposed, make noise profile intensity
Cloud atlas is in top layer, and material picture is in bottom, you can obtain the noise profile in kind of sound source.
Signal conditioner of the Signal-regulated kinase using PM60B types；The acquisition and recording module adopts PXIe-4499
Type data collecting card；The host computer adopts PXIe-8135 type controllers.
The technique effect of the present invention：Microphone array construction method proposed by the present invention, by n2Individual property identical is transaudient
Device equidistantly and wait line-spacing composition n × n plane square array, this microphone array can be in narrow and small closed driving
Effectively tested in cabin；Method proposed by the present invention be obtained in that drive interior noise acoustics distributed image, and with take the photograph
As the optical imagery in kind that head is obtained is overlapped, you can to obtain the noise intensity distribution in kind of diverse location in driving cabin；
During the fructufy obtained by the present invention, intuitively, accurately, and simple to operate, only needing hand-held microphone array to be listed in driving cabin is carried out
Signal and video acquisition, with good practical and promotional value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hand microphone array structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of test platform of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is acoustic signal propagation path schematic diagram of the present invention.
In fig. 1-3,1, flat support, 2, microphone, 3, photographic head, 5, sound source region, 6, sound wave.
Specific embodiment
1-3 and embodiment elaborate to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention can complete the test of steady state noise in driving cabin using small handheld microphone array, and formation is made an uproar
The acoustic picture of sound intensity distribution, and by overlapping with material picture, realize the coupling in noise profile and source in kind.
First, microphone array is built
On flat support 1, n × n microphone 2 is arranged, constitute n × n plane square arrays, microphone 2 is adopted
The 40PH type array microphones of GRAS companies.As shown in Figure 1-2, take n=4, then hand microphone array include 16 transaudient
Device, 4 microphones equidistantly constitute a line array, and spacing is D；The plane of the parallel equidistant composition 4 × 4 of 4 line arrays is just
Square battle array, line-spacing is D, and D is determined according to testing requirement, takes D=0.1m herein.
2nd, video frequency pick-up head is set
In geometric center point O of plane square array, a video frequency pick-up head 3 is arranged.
Test platform schematic block circuit diagram as shown in Fig. 2 microphone 2 and photographic head 3 respectively with Signal-regulated kinase, collection
Logging modle is connected with host computer.Wherein, Signal-regulated kinase passes the PM60B type signal conditioners of science and technology using sound；Collection
PXIe-4499 type data collecting card of the logging modle using NI companies；Host computer is controlled using the PXIe-8135 types of NI companies
Device.Test platform is debugged and is confirmed can rearward, and operator start voluntarily to equip, and continuous service is waited to drive for a period of time
After interior noise is stable, you can tested.
3rd, determine and voluntarily equip noise profile situation in driving cabin：
With geometric center point O of microphone array plane square array as origin O (0,0), set up coordinate system.
I-th microphone in microphone array is designated as Mi(i=1,2 ..., 16), its position vector is respectivelyThen operations described below is carried out：
1) determine that noise signal reaches i-th microphone MiWith time difference τ for reaching origin O (0,0)i(i=1,2 ...,
16)；From directionNoise signal reach i-th microphone MiWith time difference τ for reaching origin O (0,0)iComputing formula
As follows：
In above formula,Vector for origin O (0,0) regions to be measured in sound source plane；For i-th microphone MiArrive
The position vector of origin O (0,0)；C is the instant velocity of sound；
2) determine the strength of sound source of frequency domain form
FromThe strength of sound source of the frequency domain form in directionComputing formula is as follows：
In above formula, circular frequency of the ω for acoustical signal；wiCharacteristic coefficient for microphone；piBelieve for the sound that microphone is measured
Number sound pressure level；Wherein i=1,2 ..., 16；
3) determine that the collimated beam of sound of sound source forms energy output：
I-th microphone MiSteering vectorComputing formula is as follows：
In above formula, wave numbers of the k for acoustical signal, k=ω/c；
FromThe frequency in direction is exported for the beamforming energy of ωComputing formula is as follows：
In above formula, CijFor i-th microphone MiWith j-th microphone MjCollection signal cross-spectrum, wherein, i and j are
1,2 ..., 16, and i ≠ j；For i-th microphone MiSteering vector；For j-th microphone MjSteering to
Amount；
4) matching relationship of alignment microphone array and photographic head
In the microphone array using 4 × 4 plane square arrays to driving before interior noise tests, need by
Microphone array and video frequency pick-up head are aligned, it is ensured that correctly can be mated the position of test result and optical imagery.
The different simple sund source in two height and position is set, using fixed frequency w0White noise hold as sound-source signal
Supervention sound, is tested after sounding is stable and is shot optical imagery.In frequencies omega0Place, by the vector of origin to sound sourcePress end
According to the whole sound source plane of sequential scan of progressive scan, by step 1), 2), 3) calculate sound source plane each position sound respectively
Relative energy output, carry out collecting forming frequency for ω0When noise profile intensity cloud atlas.By noise intensity cloud charts with
The optical imagery in kind of sound source is contrasted, and adjusts position and the focal length of photographic head according to comparing result, it is ensured that made in the later stage
Correctly can be mated with middle microphone array test result and photographic head shooting image；
5) determine the noise profile in kind of sound source plane
Using the video frequency pick-up head of array center, the optical imagery in kind of sound source plane is shot；In frequencies omega to be analyzed
Place, the span of ω is 20～3000Hz, by the vector of origin to sound sourceEnd is whole according to the sequential scan of progressive scan
Sound source plane, by step 1), 2), 3) calculate the relative energy output of sound source plane each position sound respectively, collected
Noise profile intensity cloud atlas when forming frequency is ω；The transparency of noise profile cloud atlas is adjusted to translucent degree, with sound
The optical imagery in kind in source enters to overlap, you can obtain the noise profile in kind of sound source.Noise testing method energy proposed by the present invention
The in kind noise profile of driving cabin in diverse location is enough effectively obtained.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the simultaneously exhaustion of non-invention possible embodiments.
For persons skilled in the art, to any aobvious done by which on the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and spirit
And the change being clear to, should all be contemplated as falling with the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of hand microphone array, it is characterised in that：Including flat support (1), it is arranged on flat support (1)
N × n the microphone (2) and photographic head (3) on surface, wherein n >=3；Equidistantly constitute per n microphone (2) level or
Vertical line array, the spacing between microphone (2) are respectively D, and the span of D is 0.1～0.2m；N line array
Parallel equidistant composition n × n plane square arrays, the line-spacing of n × n plane squares array are equal with the spacing；
Described photographic head (3) are located at the central point O of n × n plane squares array.
2. a kind of hand microphone array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microphone adopts 40PH types
Array microphone.
3. the method for voluntarily equipping noise profile in driving cabin using the hand microphone array test described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that comprising the steps：
(1) test platform is set up；
The test platform includes hand microphone array, Signal-regulated kinase, acquisition and recording module and host computer；Will be hand-held
The outfan of each microphone and photographic head in formula microphone array connects the respective input of Signal-regulated kinase respectively；Described
The outfan of Signal-regulated kinase connects the respective input of the acquisition and recording module and host computer respectively；
(2) test platform is debugged, starts voluntarily to equip after exact p-value platform reliability service, treat voluntarily to equip and persistently transport
Row a period of time T, after making voluntarily equipment driving interior noise to be measured stable, you can voluntarily equipped noise profile in driving cabin
Test；During debugging, the hand microphone array is placed in any position in voluntarily equipment driving cabin to be measured；Wherein T >=60s；
(3) determine and voluntarily equip distribution situation of making an uproar in driving cabin：
With the central point O of n × n plane squares array as origin O (0,0), set up coordinate system；The hand microphone
In array, i-th microphone is designated as Mi, its position vector isWherein i=1,2 ..., n2, then carry out operations described below：
(3-1) determine that noise signal reaches i-th microphone MiWith time difference τ for reaching origin O (0,0)i；From direction's
Noise signal reaches i-th microphone MiWith time difference τ for reaching origin O (0,0)iComputing formula as follows：
In (formula 1),Vector for origin O (0,0) regions to be measured in sound source plane；For i-th microphone MiTo original
The position vector of point O (0,0)；C is the instant velocity of sound；
(3-2) determine the strength of sound source of frequency domain form
FromThe strength of sound source of the frequency domain form in directionComputing formula is as follows：
In (formula 2), circular frequency of the ω for acoustical signal；wiCharacteristic coefficient for microphone；piFor the acoustical signal that microphone is measured
Sound pressure level；Wherein i=1,2 ..., n2；
(3-3) determine that the collimated beam of sound of sound source forms energy output；
I-th microphone MiSteering vectorComputing formula is as follows：
In (formula 3), wave numbers of the k for acoustical signal, k=ω/c；
FromThe frequency in direction is exported for the beamforming energy of ωComputing formula is as follows：
In (formula 4), CijFor i-th microphone MiWith j-th microphone MjCollection signal cross-spectrum, wherein, i and j are 1,
2 ..., n2；i≠j；For i-th microphone MiSteering vector；For j-th microphone MjSteering vector；
(3-4) determine the noise profile in kind of sound source plane
The optical picture in kind of sound source plane is shot using the photographic head of the central point O for being located at n × n plane squares array
Picture；Frequency to be analyzed be ω locate, by origin O (0,0) arrive sound source vectorEnd is whole according to the sequential scan of progressive scan
Individual sound source plane, calculates outgoing vector respectively by step (3-1), step (3-1), step (3-3)Corresponding sound source plane position
Put the beamforming energy output of noiseAgain the energy of each position of sound source plane is arranged according to position, obtains frequency
Noise profile intensity cloud atlas when rate is ω；Adjust noise profile intensity cloud atlas image parameters so as to transparency adjust to
50%, i.e., after translucent degree, noise profile intensity cloud atlas is merged with the optical imagery in kind of sound source and is superimposed, make noise
Distribution intensity cloud atlas is in top layer, and material picture is in bottom, you can obtain the noise profile in kind of sound source.
4. the method that noise profile in driving cabin is voluntarily equipped in test according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The letter
The signal conditioner of number conditioning module using PM60B types；The acquisition and recording module adopts PXIe-4499 type data collecting cards；
The host computer adopts PXIe-8135 type controllers.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108414071A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-17 | 北京空间技术研制试验中心 | Manned spacecraft interior noise measurement method |
| CN109709437A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-05-03 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of device and method of the abnormal sound sound source position of extra-high voltage transformer for identification |
| CN109900349A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-18 | 中科新悦（苏州）科技有限公司 | A kind of acoustic vibration sensor integration protos test suite PROTOS and its test method |
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