CN108411170B - Preparation method of high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire Download PDFInfo
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- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
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- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding wires, in particular to a preparation method of a high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire; the method comprises the following steps: heating and melting industrial pure aluminum in a smelting furnace to obtain an alloy melt, purifying the alloy melt, and standing for 30-45 minutes in a heat preservation manner; feeding the melt after standing by heat preservation, cooling, continuously and continuously solidifying into an aluminum alloy wire ingot, feeding the aluminum alloy wire ingot continuously separated from a crystallized copper wheel into a continuous rolling mill set, automatically coiling the wire on a wire drawing machine into coils, and annealing the semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire in nitrogen gas shield annealing protection when the coiled semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire is put into the continuous rolling mill set; the invention effectively combines the continuous casting and rolling process with the shape control to prepare the raw material rod of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding material, has high process continuity degree, is beneficial to improving the yield and quality of the alloy and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding wires, in particular to a preparation method of a high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire.
Background
In recent years, the fields of aerospace, high-speed rail and the like in China are developed at a high speed, and the rapid report and the frequency transmission are realized. It also puts higher demands on the nonferrous metal-aluminum alloy which is most widely applied in the fields of aerospace, high-speed rail, automobiles and the like. Taking aluminum alloy for high-speed rail as an example, the carriage is formed by welding large flat wide thin-wall aluminum alloy components. The performance of the welded structure depends on the performance of the welding wire under the condition of a certain base material.
The high-performance aluminum alloy welding wire is a key new material urgently needed in China at present. However, the aluminum alloy welding wire produced by enterprises in China at present has a great gap compared with advanced aluminum alloy welding wire manufacturers in the world. At present, the semi-continuous casting-extrusion method is mainly adopted in China, the quality of the produced welding wire is unstable, and the quality of a welding seam is seriously influenced. After semi-continuous casting, ingot casting homogenization annealing is required, time and labor are consumed, and energy consumption is increased; an extruded or horizontally continuously cast aluminum alloy welding rod cannot be used for continuous stretch forming due to its small disk weight, which requires welding its small disk raw material rod into a large disk raw material rod, thereby causing problems in terms of structure and performance, etc. The continuous casting and rolling process saves energy, reduces consumption, saves cost and has obvious economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire is high in degree of continuity, beneficial to improving the yield and quality of alloy, reducing the manufacturing cost, realizing large plastic deformation and realizing effective refining and homogenization of ingot casting tissues.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting industrial pure aluminum in a smelting furnace, introducing the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace from the smelting furnace through a diversion launder connected with the smelting furnace and the heat preservation furnace when the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 740-780 ℃, adding intermediate alloy and metal Mg into the diversion launder, entering the heat preservation furnace blowing nitrogen or argon together with the scouring and stirring of the aluminum melt, completely melting and homogenizing the alloy elements in the heat preservation furnace, and keeping the micro-positive pressure of the nitrogen or the argon in the furnace to obtain the alloy melt;
(2) purifying the melt, wherein the purifying treatment comprises degassing, impurity removal, slag skimming and covering, rapidly analyzing the alloy components of the aluminum melt in front of a furnace, adjusting the components of the melt until the components meet the requirements, performing continuous degassing protection of high-purity nitrogen on the melt when the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt reaches 740 ℃, uniformly scattering a layer of covering agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after the slag skimming, and keeping the temperature and standing for 30-45 minutes;
(3) the melt after being kept warm is discharged from the heat preservation furnace by means of a discharging chute, online wire feeding is realized in the discharging chute, the aluminum melt flows through an online degassing and ceramic filtering system connected behind the discharging chute successively, after the degassing and ceramic filtering outside the aluminum melt are finished, the aluminum melt flows through an upper casting ladle and a middle casting ladle in sequence through a chute communicated with a ceramic filtering and casting system, and is horizontally cast into a continuous casting machine by a lower casting ladle, and is cooled and continuously solidified into aluminum alloy wire ingots, and the solidified wire ingots are continuously removed by an ingot remover in the continuous casting machine, so that the continuous separation of the aluminum alloy wire ingots and continuous casting crystallized copper wheels is realized;
(4) continuously casting and forming aluminum alloy wire ingots which are continuously separated from a crystallized copper wheel, shearing off the stub ends of the wire ingots by a head shearing machine under the action of active front traction of a continuous casting and rolling machine through a curved ingot approach bridge, then straightening by a straightening machine, continuously heating by a frequency doubling heater, and feeding the aluminum alloy wire ingots into a continuous rolling machine set under the action of an active feeding system;
(5) taking an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 6.0-9.5mm formed by continuous casting and rolling as a raw material, stretching the aluminum alloy rod on a water tank stretcher by 6-10 times with the elongation coefficient of 1.12-1.58 to form a semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 3.23-2.63mm, wherein the final wire-drawing speed of continuous wire drawing is 750m/Min, and the wire rod is automatically coiled into a coil on a wire drawing machine;
(6) and (3) putting the coiled semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire into the nitrogen-shielded annealing protection to perform semi-finished annealing of the aluminum welding wire.
Preferably, the alloy melt in the step (1) comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.4 percent of Fe, 0.4 percent of Si, 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.05 to 0.20 percent of Mn, 4.5 to 5.5 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.20 percent of Cr, 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.06 to 0.2 percent of Ti, 0.006 percent of Be, and the balance of: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurities and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the smelting furnace in the step (1) is a double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace, the double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace is a funnel-shaped inner hearth, the hearth temperature during aluminum melting is 900-.
Preferably, the addition amount of the master alloy in the step (1) is Al-10% Cr and Al-10% Mn.
Preferably, the purification treatment in step (2) specifically includes: adding the melt mass fraction to the melt0.1-0.2% of C2Cl6And 0.2-0.4% of sodium-free solvent, performing powder spraying refining, degassing, deslagging and refining the melt, and then performing furnace bottom blowing degassing refining for 30-45 minutes by using high-purity nitrogen or argon.
Preferably, the sodium-free solvent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45-55% of KCl and 20-30% of K2CO3、10-15％AlF3、5-20％LiCl。
Preferably, the inlet temperature of the molten aluminum poured into the continuous casting machine in the step (3) is 690-730 ℃, the molten aluminum flows into a cavity formed by the notch of the copper wheel of the continuous casting machine and the steel strip at the rotating speed of 12RPM, the cooling water pressure of the cooling water in the casting system, the cooling water outside, the cooling water inside and the cooling water outside is 0.1-0.3MPA, and the cooling water flow is 50-100T/h.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the notch of the crystalline copper wheel for pouring the molten aluminum into the continuous casting machine in the step (3) is 700-1480mm2The outer diameter of the crystallization wheel is phi 1100-phi 1600 mm;
preferably, the rolling temperature of the continuous rolling unit fed in the step (4) is 500-560 ℃, and the rolling temperature of the continuous rolling unit fed out is 320-480 ℃; under the lubricating and cooling action of the continuous casting machine emulsion with the emulsion flow rate of 30-100T/h and the emulsion pressure of 0.10-0.5MPa, the aluminum alloy wire ingot is rolled into an aluminum alloy welding wire rod with phi of 6-9.5mm by 7-13 passes, and the finish rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire rod is 320-.
Preferably, the aging temperature of the annealing in the step (6) is 360-420 ℃, and the annealing time is 4-8 hours.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the continuous casting and rolling process and the control shaping are effectively combined to prepare the raw material rod of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding material, the process continuity degree is high, the yield and the quality of the alloy are improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced;
2. the invention adopts the large-deformation continuous casting and rolling control forming process, ensures that the high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire rod is continuously formed at high temperature, reduces the blank chamber cooling of the high magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire rod prepared by adopting continuous casting rods, semi-continuous casting and extrusion processes, and reduces the component segregation because the production process of the welding wire rod is a continuous hot working process; large plastic deformation is realized, and effective refinement and homogenization of ingot casting tissues are realized;
3. the preparation method of the invention realizes the continuous and efficient forming of the aluminum alloy welding wire rod, reduces the welding intermediate joint caused by the limited length of the conventional welding wire rod in China at present, realizes the continuous stretch forming of the subsequent welding wire production, reduces the multi-pass annealing in the stretching process, the product quality defect of the process and the process accumulated quality defect, and can prepare the aluminum alloy welding wire material with good processing performance and welding process performance.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the specific steps for preparing the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire are as follows:
firstly, after 4620.5kg of industrial pure aluminum with the purity of more than 99.7% (Wt, Fe is less than or equal to 0.13%, Si is less than or equal to 0.08%) is heated and melted in a double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace, when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 740 ℃ and 780 ℃, the aluminum liquid is led into the heat preservation furnace from the melting furnace through a diversion flow groove connected with the melting furnace and the heat preservation furnace, Al-10% Cr and Al-10% Mn intermediate alloy 60.3kg and Al-5% Be intermediate alloy 6.03kg are added into the pretreated metal Mg263Kg, and the aluminum melt enters the heat preservation furnace blowing to the bottom argon together with the washing and stirring of the aluminum melt during discharging, so that the alloy elements are completely melted and homogenized in the heat preservation furnace, the micro-positive pressure of the argon in the furnace is maintained, and the air is prevented from reacting with the metal Mg added into the heat preservation furnace;
secondly, performing purification treatment such as degassing, impurity removal, slag removal, covering and the like on the melt, performing rapid analysis on the alloy components of the aluminum melt in front of the furnace, adjusting the components of the melt until the components meet the requirements, performing continuous degassing protection of high-purity nitrogen for 15-45Min on the melt when the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt reaches 760 ℃, uniformly scattering a layer of covering agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after slag removal, and standing for 30-45 minutes in a heat preservation manner;
the purification treatment in this step specifically includes: adding evenly mixed powder of C2Cl6 with the mass fraction of the melt being 0.1-0.2% and sodium-free solvent being 0.2-0.4% into the melt for powder spraying and refining, degassing, deslagging and refining the melt, then using high-purity nitrogen or argon to blow out gas and refine for 30-45 minutes at the bottom of the furnace, wherein the sodium-free solvent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% KCl, 20% K2CO3、15％AlF3、20％LiCl。
Thirdly, through the melt after heat preservation and standing, the melt is subjected to tilting and releasing from the heat preservation furnace by means of a releasing flow groove, and wire feeding (phi 9.5 Al-5% Ti-1% B aluminum alloy wire rod) is realized in the releasing flow groove, wherein the wire feeding speed is 4.95 m/min. After wire feeding on line, the aluminum melt flows through an online degassing and ceramic filtering system connected at the rear edge through a tapping chute in sequence, after the degassing and ceramic filtering outside the aluminum melt furnace are completed, the aluminum melt flows through an upper casting ladle and a middle casting ladle in sequence through a chute communicated with a ceramic filtering and pouring system, and is finally horizontally poured into a continuous casting machine from a lower casting ladle, and the inlet temperature of the molten aluminum poured into the continuous casting machine is 720 ℃; the aluminum liquid flows into a cavity formed by a copper wheel notch of a continuous casting machine and a steel strip at the rotating speed of 12RPM, cooling water and cooling water outside the cavity are cooled in a pouring system, the cooling water pressure of the cooling water on the inner side and the cooling water on the outer side is 0.1-0.3MPA, the cooling water flow is 50-100T/h, the aluminum alloy wire ingot with the temperature of 500 ℃ is continuously solidified, the solidified wire ingot penetrates through an ingot shaver in the continuous casting machine and is continuously removed, and the continuous separation of the aluminum alloy wire ingot and a continuous casting crystallized copper wheel is realized;
fourthly, continuously casting and forming the aluminum alloy wire ingot which is continuously separated from the crystallization wheel, through a curve ingot bridge, under the action of active front traction of a continuous casting and continuous rolling machine, shearing off the stub bar of the wire ingot through a head shearing machine, then straightening in a straightening machine, continuously heating through a frequency doubling heater, under the action of an active feeding system, feeding the aluminum alloy wire ingot into the continuous rolling machine at the temperature of 500-540 ℃, rolling the aluminum alloy wire ingot into an aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 6-9.5mm by 7-13 passes under the lubrication and cooling action of a continuous casting machine emulsion with the emulsion flow rate of 30-100T/h and the emulsion pressure of 0.10-0.5MPa, wherein the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire rod is 320-460 ℃;
the fifth step: the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 6.0-9.5mm formed by continuous casting and rolling is taken as a raw material, the aluminum alloy rod is stretched into a semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 3.23-2.63mm on a water tank stretcher by 6-10 times with the elongation coefficient of 1.12-1.58, the wire-pulling speed at the end of continuous wire pulling is 750m/Min, and the wire rod is automatically coiled into a coil on a wire drawing machine.
Sixthly, putting the coiled semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire into a nitrogen-shielded annealing protection to anneal the semi-finished aluminum welding wire, wherein the aging temperature is 360-420 ℃, and the annealing time is 4-8 hours;
the seventh step: the semi-finished annealed aluminum welding wire is used as a raw material, and the aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of phi 1.2-phi 3.0 is peeled and continuously stretched in a bright welding wire forming production line. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the welding wire are respectively 440-480MPa, 375-390MPa and the elongation is 5.2-11.8 percent.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, the specific steps for preparing the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire are as follows:
firstly, after 4791.23kg of industrial pure aluminum with the purity of more than 99.7% (Wt, Fe is less than or equal to 0.13%, Si is less than or equal to 0.08%) is heated and melted in a double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace, when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 740 ℃ and 780 ℃, the aluminum liquid is led into the heat preservation furnace from the melting furnace through a diversion flow groove connected with the melting furnace and the heat preservation furnace, 30.15kg of Al-10% Cr and Al-10% Mn intermediate alloy and 6.03kg of Al-5% Be intermediate alloy are added into pretreated metal Mg242.11Kg, and the aluminum melt enters the heat preservation furnace blowing argon to the bottom along with the washing and stirring of the aluminum melt during releasing, so that the alloy elements are completely melted and homogenized in the heat preservation furnace, the micro positive pressure of the argon in the furnace is maintained, and the air is prevented from reacting with the metal Mg added into the heat preservation furnace;
secondly, performing purification treatment such as degassing, impurity removal, slag removal, covering and the like on the melt, performing rapid analysis on the alloy components of the aluminum melt in front of the furnace, adjusting the components of the melt until the components meet the requirements, performing continuous degassing and gas retention of high-purity nitrogen on the melt for 15-45Min when the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt reaches 760 ℃, uniformly spreading a layer of covering agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after slag removal, and standing for 30-45 minutes in a heat preservation manner;
the purification treatment in this step specifically includes: adding evenly mixed powder of C2Cl6 with the mass fraction of the melt being 0.1-0.2% and sodium-free solvent being 0.2-0.4% into the melt for powder spraying and refining, degassing, deslagging and refining the melt, then using high-purity nitrogen or argon to blow out gas and refine for 30-45 minutes at the bottom of the furnace, wherein the sodium-free solvent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% KCl, 20% K2CO3、15％AlF3、15％LiCl。
Thirdly, through the melt after heat preservation and standing, the melt is subjected to tilting and releasing from the heat preservation furnace by means of a releasing flow groove, and wire feeding (phi 9.5 Al-5% Ti-1% B aluminum alloy wire rod) is realized in the releasing flow groove, wherein the wire feeding speed is 2.945 m/min. After wire feeding on line, the aluminum melt flows through an online degassing and ceramic filtering system connected at the rear edge through a tapping chute in sequence, after the degassing and ceramic filtering outside the aluminum melt furnace are completed, the aluminum melt flows through an upper casting ladle and a middle casting ladle in sequence through a chute communicated with a ceramic filtering and pouring system, and is finally horizontally poured into a continuous casting machine from a lower casting ladle, and the inlet temperature of the molten aluminum poured into the continuous casting machine is 720 ℃; the aluminum liquid flows into a cavity formed by a copper wheel notch of a continuous casting machine and a steel strip at the rotating speed of 12RPM, cooling water and cooling water outside the cavity are cooled in a pouring system, the cooling water pressure of the cooling water on the inner side and the cooling water on the outer side is 0.1-0.3MPA, the cooling water flow is 50-100T/h, the aluminum alloy wire ingot with the temperature of 500 ℃ is continuously solidified, the solidified wire ingot penetrates through an ingot shaver in the continuous casting machine and is continuously removed, and the continuous separation of the aluminum alloy wire ingot and a continuous casting crystallized copper wheel is realized;
fourthly, continuously casting and forming the aluminum alloy wire ingot which is continuously separated from the crystallization wheel, through a curve ingot bridge, under the action of active front traction of a continuous casting and continuous rolling machine, shearing off the stub bar of the wire ingot through a head shearing machine, then straightening in a straightening machine, continuously heating through a frequency doubling heater, under the action of an active feeding system, feeding the aluminum alloy wire ingot into the continuous rolling machine at the temperature of 500-540 ℃, rolling the aluminum alloy wire ingot into an aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 6-9.5mm by 7-13 passes under the lubrication and cooling action of a continuous casting machine emulsion with the emulsion flow rate of 30-100T/h and the emulsion pressure of 0.10-0.5MPa, wherein the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire rod is 320-460 ℃;
the fifth step: the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 6.0-9.5mm formed by continuous casting and rolling is taken as a raw material, the aluminum alloy rod is stretched into a semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 3.23-2.63mm on a water tank stretcher by 6-10 times with the elongation coefficient of 1.12-1.58, the wire-pulling speed at the end of continuous wire pulling is 750m/Min, and the wire rod is automatically coiled into a coil on a wire drawing machine.
Sixthly, putting the coiled semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire into a nitrogen-shielded annealing protection to anneal the semi-finished aluminum welding wire, wherein the aging temperature is 360-420 ℃, and the annealing time is 4-8 hours;
the seventh step: the semi-finished annealed aluminum welding wire is used as a raw material, and the aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of phi 1.2-phi 3.0 is peeled and continuously stretched in a bright welding wire forming production line. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the welding wire are respectively 440-480MPa, 375-390MPa and the elongation is 5.2-11.8 percent.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1, the specific steps for preparing the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire are as follows:
firstly, after 4461.5kg of industrial pure aluminum with the purity of more than 99.7% (Wt, Fe is less than or equal to 0.13%, Si is less than or equal to 0.08%) is heated and melted in a double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace, when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 740 ℃ and 780 ℃, the aluminum liquid is led into the heat preservation furnace from the melting furnace through a diversion flow groove connected with the melting furnace and the heat preservation furnace, Al-10% Cr and Al-10% Mn intermediate alloy 90.45kg and Al-5% Be intermediate alloy 6.03kg are added into the pretreated metal Mg270Kg, and the aluminum melt enters the heat preservation furnace blowing to the bottom argon together with the washing and stirring of the aluminum melt during discharging, so that the alloy elements are completely melted and homogenized in the heat preservation furnace, the micro-positive pressure of the argon in the furnace is maintained, and the air is prevented from reacting with the metal Mg added into the heat preservation furnace;
secondly, performing purification treatment such as degassing, impurity removal, slag removal, covering and the like on the melt, performing rapid analysis on the alloy components of the aluminum melt in front of the furnace, adjusting the components of the melt until the components meet the requirements, performing continuous degassing and gas retention of high-purity nitrogen on the melt for 15-45Min when the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt reaches 760 ℃, uniformly spreading a layer of covering agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after slag removal, and standing for 30-45 minutes in a heat preservation manner;
the purification treatment in this step specifically includes: adding C with the mass fraction of the melt of 0.1-0.2% into the melt2Cl6And 0.2 to 0.4 percent of sodium-free solvent, performing powder spraying refining, degassing, deslagging and refining the melt, and then performing furnace bottom blowing degassing refining for 30 to 45 minutes by using high-purity nitrogen or argon, wherein the sodium-free solvent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl, 30% K2CO3、10％AlF3、5％LiCl。
Thirdly, through the melt after heat preservation and standing, the melt is subjected to tilting and releasing from the heat preservation furnace by means of a releasing flow groove, and wire feeding (phi 9.5 Al-5% Ti-1% B aluminum alloy wire rod) is realized in the releasing flow groove, wherein the wire feeding speed is 8.93 m/min. After the wire feeding, the aluminum melt flows through the on-line degassing and ceramic filtering system connected at the rear side through the tapping channel in sequence, after the out-of-furnace degassing and ceramic filtering of the aluminum melt are completed, the aluminum melt flows through the upper casting ladle and the middle casting ladle in sequence through the runner communicated with the ceramic filtering and casting system,
finally, horizontally pouring the molten aluminum into a continuous casting machine from a lower casting ladle, wherein the inlet temperature of the molten aluminum poured into the continuous casting machine is 720 ℃; the aluminum liquid flows into a cavity formed by a copper wheel notch of a continuous casting machine and a steel strip at the rotating speed of 12RPM, cooling water and cooling water outside the cavity are cooled in a pouring system, the cooling water pressure of the cooling water on the inner side and the cooling water on the outer side is 0.1-0.3MPA, the cooling water flow is 50-100T/h, the aluminum alloy wire ingot with the temperature of 500 ℃ is continuously solidified, the solidified wire ingot penetrates through an ingot shaver in the continuous casting machine and is continuously removed, and the continuous separation of the aluminum alloy wire ingot and a continuous casting crystallized copper wheel is realized;
fourthly, continuously casting and forming the aluminum alloy wire ingot which is continuously separated from the crystallization wheel, through a curve ingot bridge, under the action of active front traction of a continuous casting and continuous rolling machine, shearing off the stub bar of the wire ingot through a head shearing machine, then straightening in a straightening machine, continuously heating through a frequency doubling heater, under the action of an active feeding system, feeding the aluminum alloy wire ingot into the continuous rolling machine at the temperature of 500-540 ℃, rolling the aluminum alloy wire ingot into an aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 6-9.5mm by 7-13 passes under the lubrication and cooling action of a continuous casting machine emulsion with the emulsion flow rate of 30-100T/h and the emulsion pressure of 0.10-0.5MPa, wherein the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire rod is 320-460 ℃;
the fifth step: the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 6.0-9.5mm formed by continuous casting and rolling is taken as a raw material, the aluminum alloy rod is stretched into a semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 3.23-2.63mm on a water tank stretcher by 6-10 times with the elongation coefficient of 1.12-1.58, the wire-pulling speed at the end of continuous wire pulling is 750m/Min, and the wire rod is automatically coiled into a coil on a wire drawing machine.
Sixthly, putting the coiled semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire into a nitrogen-shielded annealing protection to anneal the semi-finished aluminum welding wire, wherein the aging temperature is 360-420 ℃, and the annealing time is 4-8 hours;
the seventh step: the semi-finished annealed aluminum welding wire is used as a raw material, and the aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of phi 1.2-phi 3.0 is peeled and continuously stretched in a bright welding wire forming production line. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the welding wire are respectively 440-480MPa, 375-390MPa and the elongation is 5.2-11.8 percent.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting industrial pure aluminum in a smelting furnace, introducing the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace from the smelting furnace through a diversion launder connected with the smelting furnace and the heat preservation furnace when the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 740-780 ℃, adding intermediate alloy and metal Mg into the diversion launder, entering the heat preservation furnace blowing nitrogen or argon together with the scouring and stirring of the aluminum melt, completely melting and homogenizing the alloy elements in the heat preservation furnace, and keeping the micro-positive pressure of the nitrogen or the argon in the furnace to obtain the alloy melt;
(2) purifying the melt, wherein the purifying treatment comprises degassing, impurity removal, slag skimming and covering, rapidly analyzing the alloy components of the aluminum melt in front of a furnace, adjusting the components of the melt until the components meet the requirements, performing continuous degassing protection of high-purity nitrogen on the melt when the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt reaches 740 ℃, uniformly scattering a layer of covering agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after the slag skimming, and keeping the temperature and standing for 30-45 minutes;
the purification treatment specifically comprises: adding C with the mass fraction of the melt of 0.1-0.2% into the melt2Cl6Carrying out powder spraying refining on the powder and 0.2-0.4% of sodium-free flux, carrying out gas and slag removal refining on the melt, and then carrying out furnace bottom gas removal refining for 30-45 minutes by using high-purity nitrogen or argon;
(3) the melt after being kept warm is discharged from the heat preservation furnace by means of a discharging chute, online wire feeding is realized in the discharging chute, the aluminum melt flows through an online degassing and ceramic filtering system connected behind the discharging chute successively, after the degassing and ceramic filtering outside the aluminum melt are finished, the aluminum melt flows through an upper casting ladle and a middle casting ladle in sequence through a chute communicated with a ceramic filtering and casting system, and is horizontally cast into a continuous casting machine by a lower casting ladle, and is cooled and continuously solidified into aluminum alloy wire ingots, and the solidified wire ingots are continuously removed by an ingot remover in the continuous casting machine, so that the continuous separation of the aluminum alloy wire ingots and continuous casting crystallized copper wheels is realized;
(4) continuously casting and forming aluminum alloy wire ingots which are continuously separated from a crystallized copper wheel, shearing off the stub ends of the wire ingots by a head shearing machine under the action of active front traction of a continuous casting and rolling machine through a curved ingot approach bridge, then straightening by a straightening machine, continuously heating by a frequency doubling heater, and feeding the aluminum alloy wire ingots into a continuous rolling machine set under the action of an active feeding system;
feeding the mixture into a continuous rolling unit at the rolling temperature of 500-560 ℃ and the rolling temperature of 320-480 ℃; under the lubricating and cooling action of the continuous casting machine emulsion with the emulsion flow rate of 30-100T/h and the emulsion pressure of 0.10-0.5MPa, rolling an aluminum alloy wire ingot into an aluminum alloy welding wire rod with phi of 6-9.5mm by 7-13 passes, wherein the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy welding wire rod is 320-;
(5) taking an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 6.0-9.5mm formed by continuous casting and rolling as a raw material, stretching the aluminum alloy rod on a water tank stretcher by 6-10 passes with the elongation coefficient of 1.12-1.58 to form a semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire rod with the diameter of 3.23-2.63mm, wherein the final wire-drawing speed of continuous wire drawing is 750m/min, and the wire rod is automatically coiled into a coil on a wire drawing machine;
(6) putting the coiled semi-finished aluminum alloy welding wire rod into a nitrogen protection annealing furnace to anneal the semi-finished aluminum welding wire;
taking a semi-finished product annealed aluminum welding wire as a raw material, and continuously stretching an aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of phi 1.2-phi 3.0 by peeling in a bright welding wire forming production line; the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the welding wire are respectively 440-480MPa and 375-390MPa, and the elongation is 5.2-11.8 percent;
the alloy melt in the step (1) comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.4 percent of Fe, 0.4 percent of Si, 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.05 to 0.20 percent of Mn, 4.5 to 5.5 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.20 percent of Cr, 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.06 to 0.2 percent of Ti, 0.006 percent of Be, and the balance of: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurities and the balance of Al.
2. The preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the smelting furnace in the step (1) is a double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace, the double-chamber vertical aluminum melting furnace is a funnel-shaped inner hearth, and the hearth temperature is 900-.
3. The preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the type of the intermediate alloy in the step (1) is Al-10% Cr, Al-10% Mn and Al-5% Be.
4. The preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass percentage of the sodium-free fluxThe composition is as follows: 45-55% of KCl and 20-30% of K2CO3、10-15%AlF3、5-20%LiCl。
5. The preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (3), the temperature of the inlet of the aluminum liquid poured into the continuous casting machine is 690-730 ℃, the aluminum liquid flows into a cavity formed by the copper wheel notch of the continuous casting machine and the steel strip at the rotating speed of 12RPM, the pressure of cooling water in a pouring system, the pressure of cooling water outside the pouring system, the pressure of the cooling water inside the pouring system and the pressure of the cooling water outside the pouring system are 0.1-0.3MPa, and the flow rate of the cooling water is 50-100T/h.
6. The method for preparing the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cross-sectional area of the notch of the crystalline copper wheel of the aluminum liquid pouring continuous casting machine in the step (3) is 700-1480mm2The outer diameter of the crystallization wheel is phi 1100-phi 1600 mm.
7. The preparation method of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the annealing temperature in the step (6) is 360-420 ℃, and the annealing time is 4-8 hours.
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| CN109732239B (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2021-05-18 | 宁波博德高科股份有限公司 | High-magnesium-manganese-chromium-cobalt-aluminum alloy for manufacturing welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN110369913B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-11-05 | 江西理工大学 | Preparation method of tin-bismuth alloy welding wire |
| CN110656264A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-07 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy wire for protective fence |
| CN111112871B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-06-22 | 上海交通大学 | Thermal-cracking-resistant 2xxx series aluminum alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113061788A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-02 | 深圳市金悦志丰眼镜有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy material for spectacle frame and preparation method thereof |
| CN113649415B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-05-09 | 江苏中天科技股份有限公司 | Preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy welding wire |
| CN113843275A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-28 | 宁德福浦新合金科技有限公司 | Continuous casting and rolling production process of 5356 aluminum welding wire |
| CN115717203B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-11-10 | 刘启林 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy cast ingot |
| CN116100189B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-06-30 | 江苏中天科技股份有限公司 | High-strength aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof |
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