CN108410469A - A kind of preparation method and application method of lightweight water-keeping material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and application method of lightweight water-keeping material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108410469A CN108410469A CN201810060000.9A CN201810060000A CN108410469A CN 108410469 A CN108410469 A CN 108410469A CN 201810060000 A CN201810060000 A CN 201810060000A CN 108410469 A CN108410469 A CN 108410469A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- keeping material
- high strength
- soil
- strength gypsum
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical class C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940059082 douche Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method and application method of lightweight water-keeping material, prepares light porous water-keeping material by raw material of solid waste phosphogypsum, which has very outstanding rate of water absorption, water retention, heat insulating ability；Than not using the rate of water absorption of the soil of lightweight water-keeping material to be more than doubled, water retention improves 70% ~ 111%.Additionally it is possible to promote ground biomass and underground biomass, moreover it is possible to improve its physiological characteristic, such as promote the synthesis of cell inner chlorophyll, activities of antioxidant enzymes is improved, adjusts the nutrient etc. in plant, physics and chemistry and biochemical property to soil play good adjustment effect.Therefore, water-keeping material of the present invention is that a kind of properties are good and cheap, the water-retaining material of solid waste repeated recycling utilize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and application method of lightweight water-keeping material, belongs to solid waste utilization and crops give birth to
Production field.
Background technology
Water resources problems are the current whole world one of focal issues of greatest concern.Although China has a vast territory, water resource
Very abundant, but occupancy volume per person is few and belongs to more floods country, currently, the universal water-saving irrigation technique in China is：Spray
Irrigation technology, slight irrigation（Trickle irrigation and microspray irrigation）Technology, infiltration irrigation technology, the anti-seepage of channels and low-pressure pipe irrigation technology.Though this
A little water-saving irrigation techniques have saved water resource to a certain extent.But all things considered, there is also some disadvantages.Spray
Irrigation technology：Affected by wind greatly generally to look like in moderate breeze, part water droplet is blown away in the air, irrigates uniformity coefficient and drops significantly
It is low.When relative air humidity is too low, skyborne evaporation loss can reach 10% before water droplet is not fallen to the ground.Meanwhile equipment is thrown
It provides excessively high.Slight irrigation（Trickle irrigation and microspray irrigation）Technology：Douche easily blocks, and generally requires according to water quality, carries out classified filtering, expends
Manpower financial capacity.Meanwhile for smooth plot, for irrigation system relative to surface irrigation, investment is higher.Infiltration irrigation technology：Infiltrating irrigation
The soil moisture on surface layer can be caused poor, be unfavorable for budding and growth of seedling, be also unfavorable for shallow root plant growth.Together
When, it is also also easy to produce deep percolation, especially to the stronger light soil of water penetration, it is easier to generate filter loss.It constructs in early period
When be also extremely complex, investment is high, and management and maintenance is difficult, once line clogging or destruction, it is difficult to check and repair.Channel is anti-
Blend low-pressure pipe irrigation technology：Construction is complicated, and cost is high
Water-retaining agent is also known as water-loss reducer of soil, high water absorbent, moisturizer, super absorbent resin, polymer water-absorbent etc., is using strong
A kind of high molecular polymer of superelevation water-absorbing-retaining ability made of water-absorbing resins.Current water-retaining agent both domestic and external is divided into two
Major class, one kind are acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization objects（Polyacrylamide, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, poly- third
Olefin(e) acid ammonium etc.）；Another kind of is starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization object (starch grafted acrylate.Common water-retaining agent whether there is or not
Amorphous pellets, powder, smalls, sheet and threadiness, the only particle of polyacrylamide used at home, powder and thin
End.Corresponding method mixes soil, seed dressing or coating and is stained with root.High energy anti-drought water-retaining agent, polyacrylic acid salt form（gn）；Dark fund
Sub- nourishing water-loss reducer, a kind of polymer absorbent material promoting element containing inorganic mineral and plant growth（h）；Stocksorb 400k
Type water-retaining agent, highly cross-linked methyl polyacrylate polyacrylamide trimerization build water-retaining agent（s）
By three of the above water-retaining agent processing soil moisture content and compare soil by the 4th day to the 16th day evaporate after, divide
Gn, h, s compared with the control, do not increase 20.45%, 12.76%, 16.26%.Period soil water evaporation amount compared with the control, is divided
20.70%, 13.21%, 15.03% is not had dropped.In the entire evaporation process of 1 ~ 28d, the total evaporation of control is
204.12g, and the soil moisture evaporation of gn, h, s type processing is respectively 175.37,185.25,180.36g, compared with the control its
Fall is 14.08%, 9.24%, 11.64%.
Though water-retaining agent has strong water absorbing capacity, absorption speed is very fast, and water holding capacity is good, plays the role of keeping the temperature fertilizer conservation.But
With water-retaining agent handle soil, water conservation degree improve amplitude it is little, act on unobvious, cannot fundamentally reach water conservation,
Water-saving purpose.Moreover, water-retaining agent application method is added in soil, it is a kind of irreversible operating technology, results in city
Some water-retaining agent on field, the water-retaining agent containing certain chemical compositions can damage soil and irreversible.Market
Upper certain water-retaining agent meet after water just it is tacky it is deadlocked together at paste, color blackening is dimmed under light illumination, surface see can absorb water but
Essentially without the ability of water suction repeatedly and release water, plant root is easily corroded in soil moisture, under drought condition just
It can cause soil hardening.This is for China per capita land resource present situation in short supply and irreversible massive losses.Together
When, water-retaining agent service life is shorter, and water absorbent rate easily reduces at any time, and water retention property gradually lowers so that cost constantly carries
It is high.
In recent years, domestic that many research has been carried out to water conservation layer.It is that a kind of haydite is close for haydite keeps the temperature water conservation layer
Small, internal porous is spent, form, ingredient are more uniform, and have certain intensity and solidness, have corrosion-resistant, freeze proof and good
The novel water conservation layer of insulating.Haydite heat preservation water conservation layer to a certain extent, has increase to the moisture content and water retention of soil
Effect.But haydite heat preservation water conservation layer has high intensity, only limit is used in that root system is strong to cut dense tall and big woody plant
Object is not useable for short and small draft plant.Meanwhile the cost of material of haydite is higher, the cost for resulting in water conservation layer is high, of high cost.
Therefore, a kind of novel water-keeping material of searching is necessary.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of lightweight water-keeping material, specifically include following steps：In mass ratio
It is 25:9 ~ 10 ratio mixes soil with water, stirs into light material, then piles open circles stage body, is in mass ratio 5:3~4
Ratio high strength gypsum powder is mixed with water, stir into slurry；The slurry of high strength gypsum powder and water is finally poured into hollow round table
In body, be sufficiently stirred into yellowish-brown fluid, object to be mixed is dried be less than or equal to 80% to water content after, it is more to obtain random lightweight
The mass ratio of hole water-keeping material, high strength gypsum powder and soil is 1:4~3:7.
Lightweight water-keeping material of the present invention can also be prepared by the following method to obtain, and specifically include following steps：It presses
Mass ratio is 1:1~1:2 ratio mixes high strength gypsum powder with water, is poured into grinding tool after being sufficiently stirred, by air-set,
The light microporous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction.
Lightweight water-keeping material of the present invention can also be prepared by the following method to obtain, and specifically include following steps：It is high
Strong land plaster, manganese dioxide, sodium citrate, hydrogen peroxide, surfactant are uniformly mixed, and are poured into grinding tool after being sufficiently stirred,
It is hardened by natural foaming, the light porous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction；The addition of manganese dioxide is high strength gypsum silty
0.6 ~ the 0.7 ‰ of amount, sodium citrate addition are 0.1 ~ the 0.2 ‰ of high strength gypsum silty amount, and hydrogen peroxide addition is high-strength
The 4 of land plaster quality ~ 6 ‰, surfactant addition are 8 ~ the 9 ‰ of high strength gypsum silty amount.
High strength gypsum powder of the present invention is the beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum of alpha semi-hydrated gypsum or addition property-modifying additive, described
Modifying agent is polycarboxylate water-reducer.Ardealite is the solid waste of generation during Phosphate Fertilizer Industry Wet-process phosphoric acid (WPPA), master
That to be formed is CaSO4.2H2O（Content is 90% or so）；During wet-method phosphoric acid, often production 1t phosphoric acid discharge 5 ~
6t ardealites, the ardealite of 1.5 hundred million t or more is discharged in the whole world every year at present, and the yield of the annual ardealite in China is in 70,000,000 t
Left and right.
Alpha semi-hydrated gypsum：It is prepared by the methods of hydro-thermal method, compressed steam method using solid waste phosphogypsum as raw material
Alpha type high-strength gypsum powder.
Beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum（Property-modifying additive is added）：By solid waste phosphogypsum after pulverizing and jevigating or processing by
Low temperature（107~170 DEG C）Calcining system dehydration is made using β-high strength gypsum powder (modifying agent is polycarboxylate water-reducer).
The application method of light porous water-keeping material of the present invention is：First layer is soil matrix, and the second layer is light porous
Water-keeping material, third layer are tape planting or all kinds of vegetable seeds, and the 4th layer is table soil, and layer 5 is slow release fertilizer.
Random light porous water-keeping material is mainly chiefly used in Chinese garden planting, environmental greening plantation；Regular solid fraction lightweight is more
Hole water-keeping material（Micropore and foaming）The main plantation for being chiefly used in agricultural, farmland etc. and being diligent in turning over kind.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
（1）Novel water conservation of the present invention, water-saving material have very outstanding rate of water absorption, water retention, heat insulating ability；Than not having
It is more than doubled using the rate of water absorption of the soil of the utility model material, water retention improves 70% ~ 111 %.Meanwhile randomly
Then the porosity of light porous water-keeping material is 47% ~ 98%, and the porosity for measuring the light porous water-keeping material of regular solid fraction is 53%
~61%。
（2）Porous water-keeping material of the present invention is recyclable, reversible operating method.Soil will not be caused to soil
Any irreversible damages such as earth is hardened, under China per capita soil resource background in short supply, fundamentally to land resources
It is protected.
（3）Since native country based raw material is that (ardealite by every detection, is radiating solid waste phosphogypsum at present
Property has reached requirements of the national standard containing heavy metal amount, acid-base value etc., currently, ardealite may act on soil conditioner),
To a certain extent, ground biomass and underground biomass can be promoted, moreover it is possible to improve its physiological characteristic, it is green such as to go out cell internal lobe to the greatest extent
The synthesis of element improves activities of antioxidant enzymes, adjusts the nutrient etc. in plant, is played to the physics and chemistry and biochemical property of soil
Good adjustment effect.In conclusion water-keeping material of the present invention is that a kind of properties are good and cheap, solid waste repeats to follow
The water-retaining material that ring utilizes.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is water-keeping material application method figure.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to the content.
Embodiment 1
（1）The preparation of light porous water-keeping material：High strength gypsum powder and soil are 1 in mass ratio:4 ratio weighs, by quality
Than being 25:9 ratio mixes soil with water, stirs into light material, then piles open circles stage body, is in mass ratio 5:3
Ratio mixes high strength gypsum powder with water, stirs into slurry；The slurry of high strength gypsum powder and water is finally poured into open circles stage body
In, be sufficiently stirred into yellowish-brown fluid, object to be mixed is dried be less than or equal to 80% to water content after, obtain random light porous
Water-keeping material；It is planted and is monitored by practical Festuca Arundinacea, the light porous water-keeping material water retention that the present embodiment is prepared improves
60%。
Embodiment 2
（1）The preparation of light porous water-keeping material：High strength gypsum powder and soil are 3 in mass ratio:7 ratio weighs, by quality
Than being 25:10 ratio mixes soil with water, stirs into light material, then piles open circles stage body, is in mass ratio 5:4
Ratio mixes high strength gypsum powder with water, stirs into slurry；The slurry of high strength gypsum powder and water is finally poured into open circles stage body
In, be sufficiently stirred into yellowish-brown fluid, object to be mixed is dried be less than or equal to 80% to water content after, obtain random light porous
Water-keeping material；It is planted and is monitored by practical Festuca Arundinacea, the light porous water-keeping material water retention that the present embodiment is prepared improves
100%。
Embodiment 3
（1）The preparation of light porous water-keeping material：High strength gypsum powder and soil are 2 in mass ratio:3 ratio weighs, by quality
Than being 25:9 ratio mixes soil with water, stirs into light material, then piles open circles stage body, is in mass ratio 5：3
Ratio mixes high strength gypsum powder with water, stirs into slurry；The slurry of high strength gypsum powder and water is finally poured into open circles stage body
In, be sufficiently stirred into yellowish-brown fluid, object to be mixed is dried be less than or equal to 80% to water content after, obtain random light porous
Water-keeping material；It is planted and is monitored by practical Festuca Arundinacea, the light porous water-keeping material water retention that the present embodiment is prepared improves
100%。
The use process for the random light porous water-keeping material that embodiment 1 ~ 3 is prepared is（As shown in Figure 1）：It waits mixing
Object is closed further to be dried（Water content is 50%）Tall fescue seed is put, high 4cm ~ 5cm topsoils is being spread later, is pouring for the first time
It is poured thoroughly whole（100%）, pouring can be poured later by 80% water, and method detailed is as follows：
（1）The random light porous water-keeping material made by a certain percentage is layered on the level ground bed put in order（Routinely
Level ground bed requires to prepare）It to cultivate intensely by landscape engineering requirement, level ground bed preparation includes：Stone watt in cleaning room
Gravel, dregs weeds sundries etc.；Scarifying soil, depth are 30~70cm；Soil property will be sieved when poor, should soil removal and replacement when very poor.
Peat, fertile soil or organic fertilizer should be added to improve soil property in loosening the soil by such as having ready conditions, and be increased fertility of land；Finally scarifying
Plot is raked, and roller compacting can also be used by having ready conditions, that is, is reached level ground bed and required.
（2）By the production equipment of automation, makes special tape planting or choose all kinds of vegetable seeds.
（3）Random light porous water-keeping material is drenched water；Day samming can sod when being more than 10 DEG C, handle when paving is built
Tape planting spreads out or directly sprinkles seed, lies on the random light porous water-keeping material for water of having drenched, and pays attention to pressing
It is real, so that tape planting ground and random light porous water-keeping material is combined closely；Then, it is covered with the raw-soil or river sand of 1 ~ 2cm, so
It is sprinkled on earthing afterwards with slow release fertilizer made of solid waste phosphogypsum, is compacted later, to prevent tape planting corner from tilting,
Clasp nail can be made with thin wire, corner is gone out into nail in native face.
（4）Tape planting wants water seasoning after completing, respectively pour sooner or later daily once, rainy season can be used and not water.General 10 ~ 15 days
（Some grass seeds 3 ~ 5 days）It can germinate, germinate in grass seeds, after growing to 3cm ~ 5cm, can water 1 ~ 2 time within one week（The grass of different regions
The irrigation frequency time on level ground is still related with local weather, and the Precipitation of South China amount north relatively is more sufficient, therefore south can be with
It is appropriate to reduce irrigation frequency）.Period ensures the degree of the height in 3 ~ 5cm on lawn.
Above-mentioned random light porous water-keeping material is applicable to the big lawn of area, after experiment, it is found that in nothing
Under the action of the light porous water-keeping material of rule, the water retention on lawn can be made up to 120% ~ 200 %, water-saving rate is 10% ~ 50 %.
The use of equally have solid waste phosphogypsum is simultaneously that slow release fertilizer made of raw material carries out under booster action under a determining deviation,
The growing way on lawn and dense degree can be made to reach a most fare-you-well.Generally speaking, in the background of China's water scarcity
Under, random light porous water-keeping material of the invention has extraordinary rate of water absorption, water conservation in the case where large area is planted
Rate especially has the soil of random light porous water-keeping material effect in the case of the rainy day, and what can be exceedingly fast drinks up the rain,
In rainwater storage in water-keeping material of the present invention, further has the function that in root water-saving and effectively prevent water and soil
The case where loss.Meanwhile water-keeping material of the present invention also has effects that good heat insulating ability performance and fertility.In weather cold
In the case of water shortage, it is ensured that the growing way and germination of Festuca Arundinacea.It is important that water-keeping material of the present invention is not
It can cause soil hardening, injure soil, land resources are protected fundamentally.Due to this random light porous guarantor
Water material feedstock is solid waste phosphogypsum can promote ground biomass and underground biomass to a certain extent, moreover it is possible to
Improve its physiological characteristic, such as go out the synthesis of cell inner chlorophyll to the greatest extent, improve activities of antioxidant enzymes, adjusts the nutrient generation in plant
It thanks, the physics and chemistry and biochemical property to soil play good adjustment effect.In conclusion water-keeping material of the present invention is one
Kind properties are good and cheap, the water-retaining material of solid waste repeated recycling utilize.
Embodiment 4
（1）The preparation of the light porous water-keeping material of rule：By high strength gypsum powder：Water=1:1 is sufficiently stirred, and pours into grinding tool, passes through
Air-set, the light microporous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction.It is detected by the method for the water absorption rate of light microporous water-keeping material,
The light microporous water-keeping material porosity that the present embodiment is prepared is 53%.
Embodiment 5
（1）The preparation of the light porous water-keeping material of rule：By high strength gypsum powder：Water=1:2 are sufficiently stirred, and pour into grinding tool, pass through
Air-set, the light microporous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction.It is detected by the method for the water absorption rate of light microporous water-keeping material,
The light microporous water-keeping material porosity that the present embodiment is prepared is 60%.
Embodiment 6
High strength gypsum powder and water in proportion 1:1 weighs, and is weighing（Using high strength gypsum powder total amount as reference quantity）0.1 ‰ citric acids
Sodium, 4 ‰ hydrogen peroxide, 0.6 ‰ manganese dioxide, 9 ‰ surfactants.Manganese dioxide and high strength gypsum powder are sufficiently mixed, it will
Sodium citrate, hydrogen peroxide and surfactant are poured into water, then the high strength gypsum powder mixed is poured into water, and are carried out with machine
After being sufficiently stirred, pour into grinding tool；It is hardened by natural foaming, the light porous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction.Pass through lightweight
The method of the water absorption rate of porous water-keeping material detects, and the light porous water-keeping material porosity that the present embodiment is prepared is 61%.
Embodiment 7
High strength gypsum powder and water in proportion 1:1 weighs, and is weighing（Using high strength gypsum powder total amount as reference quantity）0.2 ‰ citric acids
Sodium, 6 ‰ hydrogen peroxide, 0.7 ‰ manganese dioxide, 8 ‰ surfactants.Manganese dioxide and high strength gypsum powder are sufficiently mixed, it will
Sodium citrate, hydrogen peroxide and surfactant are poured into water, then the high strength gypsum powder mixed is poured into water, and are carried out with machine
After being sufficiently stirred, pour into grinding tool；It is hardened by natural foaming, the light porous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction.Pass through lightweight
The method of the water absorption rate of porous water-keeping material detects, and the light porous water-keeping material porosity that the present embodiment is prepared is 62%.
The use process for the light porous water-keeping material of rule that embodiment 4 ~ 7 is prepared is：Regular solid fraction lightweight is more
Hole water-keeping material is buried in the earth by the intervals 2 ~ 3cm, sprinkles tall fescue seed, is spreading high 4 ~ 5cm topsoils.It pours for the first time whole
Body pours saturating（100%）, pouring can be poured later by 80% water, and method detailed is as follows：
（1）The light porous water-keeping material of regular solid fraction is embedded in by the intervals 1 ~ 3cm on the level ground bed put in order（Level ground bed routinely
It is required that preparing cultivate intensely by landscape engineering requirement, level ground bed preparation includes：Stone rubble, slag in cleaning room
Native weeds sundries etc.；Scarifying soil, depth are 30~70cm；Soil property will be sieved when poor, should soil removal and replacement when very poor.If any item
Peat, fertile soil or organic fertilizer should be added to improve soil property in part in loosening the soil, and increase fertility of land；Finally the plot of scarifying is harrowed
Flat, roller compacting can also be used by having ready conditions, that is, is reached level ground bed and required.）
（2）By the production equipment of automation, makes special tape planting or choose all kinds of vegetable seeds.
（3）The light porous water-keeping material of regular solid fraction is drenched water.Day samming can sod when being more than 10 DEG C, when paving is built
Tape planting is spread out or directly sprinkles seed, lies on the light porous water-keeping material of regular solid fraction for water of having drenched, pays attention to wanting
Compacting makes tape planting ground and the regular light porous water-keeping material of solid fraction combine closely.Then, the raw-soil or the river of 1 ~ 2, cm are covered with
Then sand is sprinkled with slow release fertilizer made of solid waste phosphogypsum on earthing, is compacted later, to prevent tape planting corner
It tilts, clasp nail can be made with thin wire, corner is gone out into nail in native face.
（4）Tape planting wants water seasoning after completing, respectively pour sooner or later daily once, rainy season can be used and not water.General 10 ~ 15 days
（Some grass seeds 3 ~ 5 days）It can germinate, germinate in grass seeds, after growing to 3cm ~ 5cm, can water 1 ~ 2 time within one week（The grass of different regions
The irrigation frequency time on level ground is still related with local weather, and the Precipitation of South China amount north relatively is more sufficient, therefore south can be with
It is appropriate to reduce irrigation frequency）.Period ensures the degree of the height in 3 ~ 5cm on lawn.
The above-mentioned rule light porous water-keeping material of solid fraction is applicable to the smaller planting area of area, flowers and plants cultivation.Through reality
It tests it is found that under the action of regular solid fraction light porous water-keeping material, water retention is than without the light porous water conservation of regular solid fraction
Material is higher by 70% ~ 111%；Water-saving rate is 39% ~ 56%；Meanwhile soil fertility increase can be measured, especially in solid waste
Ardealite is that slow release fertilizer made of raw material carries out under booster action, and the bud density and growing way of Festuca Arundinacea reach best.This
Inventing the water-keeping material has extraordinary rate of water absorption, water retention, and especially regular solid fraction is light in the case of the rainy day
The soil of the porous water-keeping material effect of matter, what can be exceedingly fast drinks up the rain, in rainwater storage in water-keeping material of the present invention,
Further having the function that water-saving and effective the case where preventing erosion in root.Meanwhile water conservation material of the present invention
Material also has effects that good heat insulating ability performance and fertility.In the case of weather cold and water shortage, it is ensured that Festuca Arundinacea
Growing way and germination.It is important that water-keeping material of the present invention will not cause soil hardening, soil is injured, from basic
On land resources are protected.Especially because the light porous water-keeping material of this rule solid fraction is solid waste phosphorus stone
Cream can promote ground biomass and underground biomass to a certain extent, moreover it is possible to improve its physiological characteristic, such as go out cell to the greatest extent
The synthesis of inner chlorophyll improves activities of antioxidant enzymes, the nutrient etc. in plant is adjusted, to the physics and chemistry and biochemical of soil
Matter plays good adjustment effect in conclusion water-keeping material of the present invention is that a kind of properties are good and cheap, solid waste
The water-retaining material of repeated recycling utilize.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of lightweight water-keeping material, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：It is 25 in mass ratio:9~
10 ratio mixes soil with water, stirs into light material, then piles open circles stage body, is in mass ratio 5:3 ~ 4 ratio
High strength gypsum powder is mixed with water, stirs into slurry；Finally the slurry of high strength gypsum powder and water is poured into open circles stage body, is filled
Point stir into yellowish-brown fluid, object to be mixed is dried be less than or equal to 80% to water content after, obtain random light porous water conservation material
The mass ratio of material, high strength gypsum powder and soil is 1:4~3:7.
2. a kind of preparation method of lightweight water-keeping material, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：It is 1 in mass ratio:1~1:
2 ratio mixes high strength gypsum powder with water, is poured into grinding tool after being sufficiently stirred, and by air-set, formation rule solid fraction is light
Matter micropore water-protecting material.
3. a kind of preparation method of lightweight water-keeping material, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：High strength gypsum powder, dioxy
Change manganese, sodium citrate, hydrogen peroxide, surfactant to be uniformly mixed, be poured into grinding tool after being sufficiently stirred, it is hard by natural foaming
Change, the light porous water-keeping material of formation rule solid fraction；The addition of manganese dioxide is 0.6 ~ the 0.7 ‰ of high strength gypsum silty amount,
Sodium citrate addition be high strength gypsum silty amount 0.1 ~ 0.2 ‰, hydrogen peroxide addition be high strength gypsum silty amount 4 ~
6 ‰, surfactant addition is 8 ~ the 9 ‰ of high strength gypsum silty amount.
4. the application method for the lightweight water-keeping material that claim 1,2 or 3 the methods are prepared, it is characterised in that：First
Layer is soil matrix, and the second layer is light porous water-keeping material, and third layer is tape planting or all kinds of vegetable seeds, and the 4th layer is table soil,
Layer 5 is slow release fertilizer.
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| CN112715318A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 江苏绿之源生态建设有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for acid metal mine waste side slope |
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