CN108409764A - 一种与金属镍协同催化形成c-x键的有机光敏剂及其合成方法 - Google Patents
一种与金属镍协同催化形成c-x键的有机光敏剂及其合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108409764A CN108409764A CN201810238238.6A CN201810238238A CN108409764A CN 108409764 A CN108409764 A CN 108409764A CN 201810238238 A CN201810238238 A CN 201810238238A CN 108409764 A CN108409764 A CN 108409764A
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- Prior art keywords
- boric acid
- bodipy
- phenyl
- organic photosensitizer
- dichloromethane
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- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000002153 concerted effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 2- phenanthryl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002027 dichloromethane extract Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical class Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XPEIJWZLPWNNOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-phenylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical class C1=CC(B(O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XPEIJWZLPWNNOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XNUCNPPAQXKAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Br-].C1=CC=CC2=CC([Mg+])=CC=C21 Chemical class [Br-].C1=CC=CC2=CC([Mg+])=CC=C21 XNUCNPPAQXKAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmagnesium bromide Chemical group Br[Mg]C1=CC=CC=C1 ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000748 anthracen-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GKROKAVBUIADBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C(C=O)C=C3C=CC2=C1 GKROKAVBUIADBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DJGHSJBYKIQHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dimethylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical class CC1=CC(C)=CC(B(O)O)=C1 DJGHSJBYKIQHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IRFLMBVQZGEPRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[Mg]c1ccccc1 Chemical compound C[Mg]c1ccccc1 IRFLMBVQZGEPRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- LIQLLTGUOSHGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[F] Chemical compound [B].[F] LIQLLTGUOSHGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 68
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004607 11B NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pd(PPh3)4 Substances [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 C*C1=CC(*)=*2C1=C(C=CN)C1=C(C=CCN)C=C(C(C*3)C3C=I)*1*2(N)N Chemical compound C*C1=CC(*)=*2C1=C(C=CN)C1=C(C=CCN)C=C(C(C*3)C3C=I)*1*2(N)N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QNMBSXGYAQZCTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophen-3-ylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C=1C=CSC=1 QNMBSXGYAQZCTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- LRKGVNRCLRPAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-3-phenylbenzene Chemical group FC1=CC(F)=C(F)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1F LRKGVNRCLRPAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUOWTUULDKULFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3,5-ditert-butylbenzene Chemical class CC(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BUOWTUULDKULFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFFMQGGZCLEMCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical class CC1=CNC(C)=C1 MFFMQGGZCLEMCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APSMUYYLXZULMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromonaphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC(Br)=CC=C21 APSMUYYLXZULMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHUUPUMBZGWODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxine Chemical compound C1OOCC=C1 JHUUPUMBZGWODW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroacetyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)=O VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021585 Nickel(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FOFJHYAEYZMDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].CC=1C=CC=C(C1)C Chemical compound [B].CC=1C=CC=C(C1)C FOFJHYAEYZMDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGAPHEBNTGUMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCOC(C)=O UGAPHEBNTGUMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CWRYVZJZMMZCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;phenoxyboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)O.OB(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CWRYVZJZMMZCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUHFBOUSHUEAQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzyl cyanide Chemical compound N#CC(Br)C1=CC=CC=C1 XUHFBOUSHUEAQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVQGTNFYPJQJNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethanamine Chemical class C1CCCCC1C(N)C1CCCCC1 QVQGTNFYPJQJNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002024 ethyl acetate extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093476 ethylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-] IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/28—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
- B01J31/30—Halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B37/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
- C07B37/04—Substitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/04—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
- C07C209/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
- C07C209/10—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings or from amines having nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/16—Preparation of ethers by reaction of esters of mineral or organic acids with hydroxy or O-metal groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种与金属镍协同催化形成C‑X键的有机光敏剂及其合成方法,其中X代表C、O或N,该有机光敏剂以常见的氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)为骨架,在硼原子或骨架上引入芳香基团,衍生得到一类具有优良光氧化还原性质的有机光敏剂。相比于文献报道的昂贵金属钌或铱光敏剂,这些新型有机光敏剂具有合成简单、价格便宜、用量更低、无重金属等显著优势。尤为重要的是,在无外加配体条件下,万分之二的光敏剂即可与金属镍协同催化形成C‑C、C‑O以及C‑N等重要化学键,具有重要的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机光敏剂技术领域,具体涉及以常见的氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)为骨架,在硼原子或骨架上引入芳香基团,衍生得到的一类具有优良光氧化还原性质的有机光敏剂。
背景技术
交叉偶联反应是高效构建C-C、C-N、C-O等重要化学键的有效手段之一,尤其是重金属催化的交叉偶联反应。在过去的四十多年中,化学家主要集中于配体结构的研究,以达到实现交叉偶联,高效构建化学键的目的。如今,很多配体都已经用于了工业生产,取得了巨大的成功。然而,这些配体往往缺乏普适性,如Heck反应,不同结构性质的烯烃或卤代芳烃作为底物时,往往就需要不同结构的配体与之匹配方能实现偶联反应。这大大降低了偶联反应的效率。
金属/光协同催化交叉偶联是近年来发展起来的一种新的成键策略。不同于配体结构决定的偶联反应路径,该策略在光催化剂作用下,以电子转移或能量转移的方式加速中间体还原消除,形成化学键,大大降低了对配体的依赖性。因而,开发普适性强的光催化剂,采用金属/光协同催化方法,可显著提高偶联反应的普适性。
目前,文献报道的可用于金属/光协同催化的光敏剂种类较少,主要为含金属铱或钌的金属光敏剂(Acc.Chem.Res.2016,49,1429-1439;Nat.Rev.Chem.2017,1,0052.),以及含四咔唑的有机光敏剂4CzlPN(ACS Catal.2016,6,873-877)。这些为数不多的可用于催化偶联反应的光敏剂结构式如下:
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类具有优良光氧化还原性质的有机光敏剂,这类有机光敏剂合成步骤短,易大量制备,具有重要的应用价值,痕量光敏剂即可与镍等金属催化剂协同催化构建C-C、C-N以及C-O等重要化学键。
解决上述技术问题所采用的与金属镍协同催化形成C-X键的有机光敏剂的结构如下所示,其中X代表C、O或N:
式中Ar1代表苯基、3,5-二叔丁基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、2-萘基、3-噻吩基、4-联苯基、2-二苯并噻吩基、2-蒽基、2-菲基、4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯基、6-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)-2-萘基中任意一种;R2代表甲基或乙基;R3代表甲基或苯基;Ar代表苯基、2-萘基、3,5-二叔丁基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基中任意一种。
上述的有机光敏剂优选下述化合物中的任意一种:
本发明有机光敏剂的合成路线和合成方法如下所示:
1、以无水二氯甲烷为溶剂,将BODIPY 2与芳基格氏试剂在50℃下回流反应6-12小时,反应完后用1.0mol/L盐酸淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 3。
2、以无水二氯甲烷为溶剂,将BODIPY 3和N-碘代丁二酰亚胺在室温下搅拌反应10分钟,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 4。
3、在氮气氛围下,将BODIPY 4、芳基硼酸加入1,4-二氧六环与乙醇、水体积比为2:1:1的混合溶剂中,然后加入K3PO4、四(三苯基磷)钯,在90℃下回流反应12小时,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到有机光敏剂。
上述步骤1中,所述的芳基格氏试剂为苯基溴化镁、2-萘基溴化镁、3,5-二叔丁基苯基溴化镁、3,5-二甲基苯基溴化镁中任意一种,优选BODIPY 2与芳基格氏试剂的摩尔比为1:8~20。
上述步骤2中,优选BODIPY 3与N-碘代丁二酰亚胺的摩尔比为1:3~5。
上述步骤3中,所述的芳基硼酸为苯硼酸、3,5-二叔丁基苯硼酸、3,5-二甲基苯硼酸、2-萘硼酸、3-噻吩硼酸、4-联苯硼酸、二苯并噻吩-2-硼酸、2-蒽硼酸、2-菲硼酸、4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯硼酸、(6-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)-2-萘)硼酸中的任意一种,优选BODIPY 4、芳基硼酸、K3PO4、四(三苯基磷)钯的摩尔比为1:3~5:5~7:0.05~0.2。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明的有机光敏剂易于合成,价格便宜,用量低,可替代文献报道的金属铱或钌光敏剂。这类光敏剂适用范围广,在很低用量下亦可与镍等金属催化剂协同催化构建C-C、C-N以及C-O等重要化学键,应用开发潜力大,市场预期良好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。
下述实施例中所用BODIPY 2a的制备方法为:将4.95g(52mmol)2,4-二甲基-吡咯溶于20mL干燥的二氯甲烷中,室温下逐滴加入9.5g(121mmol)乙酰氯,50℃回流1小时,加入100mL正己烷,旋干溶剂后,室温下加240mL二氯甲烷,再加入15.2g(150mmol)三乙胺,搅拌10分钟,然后逐滴加入31.9g(225mmol)三氟化硼乙醚,搅拌反应1小时。反应完后用水淬灭,加入饱和碳酸钠水溶液洗涤4次,用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,即得BODIPY 2a纯品3.9g,产率58%,具体反应方程式如下:
实施例1
1、将262.1mg(1mmol)BODIPY 2a溶于100mL无水二氯甲烷中,加入4mL(8mmol)苯基溴化镁,50℃下回流反应6小时,反应完后,用1mol/L盐酸淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 3a 200mg,产率53%。
2、将200mg(0.53mmol)BODIPY 3a、475mg(2.11mmol)N-碘代丁二酰亚胺溶于20mL无水二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌反应10分钟,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 4a227.1mg,产率68%。
3、在氮气氛围下,将63mg(0.1mmol)BODIPY 4a、48.77mg(0.4mmol)苯硼酸溶于20mL 1,4-二氧六环与乙醇、水体积比为2:1:1的混合溶剂中,然后加入127.4mg(0.6mmol)K3PO4、11.56mg(0.01mmol)Pd(PPh3)4,在90℃下回流反应12小时,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到有机光敏剂1a 38.2mg,产率72%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.38(t,J=7.4Hz,4H),7.34(d,J=7.1Hz,4H),7.29(t,J=7.1Hz 2H),7.24(t,J=7.1Hz,4H),7.19-7.16(m,6H),2.78(s,3H),2.39(s,6H),1.72(s,6H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ151.72,142.05,134.74,134.34,133.80,133.68,132.96,130.68,128.09,127.23,126.67,125.67,18.32,15.87,15.82;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.20(s,1B).
实施例2
1、向反应瓶中加入535mg(22mmol)镁条,在氮气保护下加入20mL无水四氢呋喃,再加入4.14g(20mmol)2-溴萘,加入一粒碘引发反应。加热至紫红色褪去,在80℃下回流至镁条完全消失,得到1mol/L2-萘基溴化镁的四氢呋喃溶液。
将262.1mg(1mmol)BODIPY 2a溶于100mL无水二氯甲烷中,加入20mL1mol/L(20mmol)2-萘基溴化镁的四氢呋喃溶液,50℃下回流反应8小时,反应完后用1mol/L盐酸淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 3b 215.3mg,产率45%。
2、将200mg(0.42mmol)BODIPY 3b、378mg(1.68mmol)N-碘代丁二酰亚胺,溶于20mL无水二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌反应10分钟,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 4b208.5mg,产率68%。
3、在氮气氛围下,将73mg(0.1mmol)BODIPY 4b、48.77mg(0.4mmol)苯硼酸溶于20mL1,4-二氧六环与乙醇、水体积比为2:1:1的混合溶剂中,然后加入127.4mg(0.6mmol)K3PO4、11.56mg(0.01mmol)Pd(PPh3)4,在90℃下回流反应12小时,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到有机光敏剂1b 44.1mg,产率70%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.89(s,2H),7.85(dd,J=5.9,3.6Hz,2H),7.81-7.77(m,4H),7.61(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.44(dd,J=6.2,3.2Hz,4H),7.40(t,J=7.8Hz,4H),7.31(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.20(d,J=7.1Hz,4H),2.82(s,3H),2.45(s,6H),1.78(s,6H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ151.86,142.21,134.62,134.58,133.94,133.33,133.07,132.92,132.38,131.99,130.62,128.10,127.38,126.71,126.43,124.95,124.84,18.34,16.02,15.92;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.61(s,1B).
实施例3
本实施例中,用等摩尔2-萘硼酸替换实施例2步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例2相同,得到有机光敏剂1c 54.8mg,产率75%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.96(s,2H),7.85(dd,J=16.9,7.8Hz,12H),7.65(s,4H),7.50(s,4H),7.45(s,4H),7.33(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.86(s,3H),2.49(s,6H),1.83(s,6H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ152.09,142.30,134.87,133.95,133.37,133.29,133.21,133.02,132.44,132.21,132.15,132.06,129.37,128.85,128.14,127.80,127.64,127.62,127.41,126.51,126.09,125.83,125.00,124.89,18.39,16.10,16.03;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.41(s,1B).
实施例4
1、向反应瓶中加入1.60g(66mmol)镁条,在氮气保护下加入60mL无水四氢呋喃,再加入16.2g(60mmol)3,5-二叔丁基溴苯,加入一粒碘引发反应。加热至紫红色褪去,在80℃下回流至镁条完全消失,得到1mol/L 3,5-二叔丁基-苯基溴化镁的四氢呋喃溶液。
将786.3mg(3mmol)BODIPY 2a溶于300mL无水二氯甲烷中,加入60mL1mol/L(60mmol)3,5-二叔丁基-苯基溴化镁的四氢呋喃溶液,50℃下回流反应12小时,反应完后用1mol/L盐酸淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到即得BODIPY 3c 741.4mg,产率41%。
2、将741.4mg(1.23mmol)BODIPY 3c、1.1g(4.92mmol)N-碘代丁二酰亚胺溶于60mL无水二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌反应10分钟,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 4c735.7mg,产率70%。
3、在氮气氛围下,将85.4mg(0.1mmol)BODIPY 4c、48.77mg(0.4mmol)苯硼酸溶于20mL 1,4-二氧六环与乙醇、水体积比为2:1:1的混合溶剂中,然后加入127.4mg(0.6mmol)K3PO4、11.56mg(0.01mmol)Pd(PPh3)4,在90℃下回流反应12小时,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到有机光敏剂1d 52.1mg,产率69%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.37(t,J=7.5Hz,4H),7.29(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.17(s,2H),7.12(d,J=7.0Hz,4H),7.08(d,J=7.1Hz,4H),2.75(s,3H),2.36(s,6H),1.65(s,6H),1.23(s,36H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ151.76,148.55,141.90,135.26,134.13,133.75,133.28,130.66,128.10,127.98,126.55,118.57,34.66,31.65,18.31,15.84,15.55;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.58(s,1B).
实施例5
本实施例中,用等摩尔3,5-二甲基苯硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1e 52.7mg,产率65%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.21(s,2H),7.12(s,4H),6.94(s,2H),6.77(s,4H),2.77(s,3H),2.39(s,6H),2.34(s,12H),1.68(s,6H),1.27(s,36H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ151.82,148.36,141.59,137.44,135.14,133.96,133.22,128.47,128.19,128.06,118.50,34.67,31.66,21.33,18.21,15.92,15.62;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.48(s,1B).
实施例6
本实施例中,用等摩尔3-噻吩硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1f 49.2mg,产率70%,其结构表征数据为:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.33(dd,J=4.9,3.0Hz,2H),7.17(t,J=1.8Hz,2H),7.06(d,J=1.9Hz,4H),6.98(dd,J=2.9,1.2Hz,2H),6.91(dd,J=4.9,1.2Hz,2H),2.74(s,3H),2.39(s,6H),1.68(s,6H),1.22(s,36H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ152.11,148.42,141.79,135.19,134.65,133.18,129.72,128.40,127.97,124.84,123.47,118.62,34.66,31.64,18.22,15.89,15.55;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.34(s,1B).
实施例7
本实施例中,用等摩尔4-联苯硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1g 65.3mg,产率72%,其结构表征数据为:1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.62(t,J=8.6Hz,8H),7.45(t,J=7.6Hz,4H),7.35(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.21(s,2H),7.19(d,J=3.8Hz,4H),7.11(s,4H),2.78(s,3H),2.42(s,6H),1.72(s,6H),1.25(s,36H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ151.89,148.48,141.92,140.87,139.32,134.26,134.23,133.43,133.35,131.65,128.77,128.01,127.20,126.99,126.82,118.64,34.69,31.68,18.36,15.94,15.66;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.80(s,1B).
实施例8
本实施例中,用等摩尔2-萘硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1h 59.8mg,产率70%,其结构表征数据为:1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.85(dd,J=8.8,5.5Hz,4H),7.82-7.81(m,2H),7.60(s,2H),7.50-7.47(m,4H),7.28(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.20(s,2H),7.15(s,4H),2.80(s,3H),2.43(s,6H),1.73(s,6H),1.26(s,36H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ151.99,148.47,142.00,134.37,133.71,133.41,133.33,132.80,132.17,129.37,128.97,128.04,127.82,127.65,127.59,126.03,125.74,118.64,34.69,31.67,18.34,15.96,15.67;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.61(s,1B).
实施例9
本实施例中,用等摩尔二苯并噻吩-2-硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1i 62.8mg,产率65%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ8.08(t,J=5.2Hz,2H),7.91(s,2H),7.86(dd,J=8.7,3.5Hz,4H),7.46(t,J=4.3Hz,4H),7.24(s,1H),7.22(s,2H),7.16(s,4H),2.82(s,3H),2.44(s,6H),1.73(s,6H),1.28(s,36H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ151.99,148.49,142.06,139.78,137.86,135.65,135.42,134.41,133.66,133.35,131.56,129.41,128.08,126.77,124.41,123.50,122.88,122.47,121.47,118.68,34.72,31.69,18.30,15.99,15.66;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.98(s,1B).
实施例10
本实施例中,用等摩尔2-蒽硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1j 64.9mg,产率68%,其结构表征数据为:1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ8.46(s,2H),8.42(s,2H),8.03(t,J=8.0Hz,6H),7.80(s,2H),7.49(t,J=4.7Hz,4H),7.33(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.28(s,2H),7.24(s,4H),2.83(s,3H),2.50(s,6H),1.84(s,6H),1.34(s,36H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ152.11,148.53,142.05,134.45,133.75,133.54,132.19,131.91,131.71,131.60,130.53,129.26,128.80,128.16,128.07,127.85,126.03,126.00,125.43,125.28,118.71,34.72,31.71,18.37,16.02,15.79;11B NMR(192MHz,CDCl3):δ0.49(s,1B).
实施例11
本实施例中,用等摩尔4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1k 65.1mg,产率60%,其结构表征数据为:1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ8.16(d,J=7.7Hz,4H),7.60(d,J=8.1Hz,4H),7.50(d,J=8.2Hz,4H),7.43(d,J=7.5Hz,4H),7.37(d,J=8.1Hz,4H),7.30(t,J=7.4Hz,4H),7.23(s,2H),7.18(s,4H),2.85(s,3H),2.52(s,6H),1.81(s,6H),1.29(s,36H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ151.89,148.58,142.34,140.83,136.15,134.44,134.39,133.48,132.96,132.01,127.99,126.66,125.89,123.39,120.29,119.93,118.78,109.85,34.72,31.70,18.48,16.02,15.75.
实施例12
本实施例中,用等摩尔(6-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)-2-萘)硼酸替换实施例4步骤3中的苯硼酸,其他步骤与实施例4相同,得到有机光敏剂1l 76.6mg,产率65%,其结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.70(t,J=8.9Hz,4H),7.50(s,2H),7.22(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.19-7.17(m,4H),7.15(s,2H),7.13(s,4H),4.26(t,J=4.3Hz,4H),3.94(t,J=4.4Hz,4H),3.78(t,J=4.1Hz,4H),3.71(t,J=4.9Hz,4H),3.67(t,J=4.3Hz,4H),3.55(t,J=4.7Hz,4H),3.38(s,6H),2.78(s,3H),2.41(s,6H),1.70(s,6H),1.25(s,36H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ156.79,151.98,148.40,141.76,134.22,133.71,133.34,133.16,130.52,129.43,129.28,129.15,128.89,128.03,126.44,119.18,118.57,106.65,71.93,70.88,70.69,70.58,69.74,67.50,59.02,34.66,31.65,18.30,15.94,15.65.
为了证明本发明的有益效果,发明人采用实施例10制备的有机光敏剂1j(BODIPY1j)为光催化剂,其与金属镍协同催化形成C-C、C-N、C-O等重要化学键,具体试验如下:
1、催化C-N偶联
合成结构如下的4-甲基二苯胺
在氮气氛围下,将69.85mg(0.75mmol)苯胺和85.52mg(0.5mmol)对溴甲苯加入含有1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的10mL反应瓶中,再依次加入2.73mg(0.01mmol)NiBr2·3H2O、100μL 1mmol/L(0.0001mmol)BODIPY 1j的DMF溶液、1mL 10mmol/L(0.01mmol)乙二醇二甲醚的DMF溶液、114.5mg(0.90mmol)N,N-二甲基环己胺(DMCyA),将反应液升温至50℃,在波长465nm的蓝光照射下反应12小时,反应完后,停止光照、加热,待反应瓶冷却至室温,将反应液减压蒸馏,除去N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基环己胺;加入正己烷稀释残留液,过滤除去残留液中的不溶性无机盐,减压蒸馏滤液,得到3-甲硫基二苯胺89.8mg,收率98%。
2、催化C-O偶联
合成结构式如下的乙二醇单苯醚
在无水无氧条件下,将91mg(0.5mmol)对溴苯甲腈、8.7mg(0.04mmol)NiBr2、100μL1mmol/L(0.0001mmol)BODIPY 1j的DMF溶液、80mg(0.75mmol)二乙二醇、176mg(0.9mmol)N,N-二环己基甲胺、11mg(0.1mmol)碳酸钠加入1.5mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,将反应液加热至40℃,在2W白光光照下,搅拌反应24小时,反应完后,加水淬灭完全,反应液用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱柱层析分离,即得乙二醇单苯醚纯品,产率93%。
3、催化C-C偶联
合成结构式如下的2,3,5,6-四氟-1,1′-联苯
在无水无氧条件下,将1m 1.0mol/L 2,3,5,6-四氟苯基锌试剂的四氢呋喃溶液、27.7mg(0.025mmol)NiBr2(DME)、100μL 2.5mmol/L(0.00025mmol)BODIPY 1j的DMF溶液、78.5mg(0.5mmol)溴苯加入1mL四氢呋喃和2mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的混合物中,将反应液加热至50℃,在2W白光照射下,搅拌反应12小时,反应完后,加入0.5mL甲醇搅拌10分钟,待反应淬灭完全,反应液用饱和食盐水洗涤,并用乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱柱层析分离,得到2,3,5,6-四氟-1,1′-联苯,其产率为98%。
上述试验结果表明,以本发明的有机光敏剂为光催化剂,其与金属镍协同催化能力显著,在无外加配体下,即可在温和条件下形成C-C、C-N、C-O等重要化学键。
Claims (6)
1.一种与金属镍协同催化形成C-X键的有机光敏剂,其中X代表C、O或N,其特征是在于该有机光敏剂的结构如下所示:
式中Ar1代表苯基、3,5-二叔丁基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、2-萘基、3-噻吩基、4-联苯基、2-二苯并噻吩基、2-蒽基、2-菲基、4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯基、6-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)-2-萘基中任意一种;R2代表甲基或乙基;R3代表甲基或苯基;Ar代表苯基、2-萘基、3,5-二叔丁基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基中任意一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机光敏剂,其特征在于该有机光敏剂为下述化合物中的任意一种:
3.一种权利要求1所述的有机光敏剂的合成方法,其特征在于:
(1)以无水二氯甲烷为溶剂,将BODIPY 2与芳基格氏试剂在50℃下回流反应6-12小时,反应完后用1.0mol/L盐酸淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 3;
上述的芳基格氏试剂为苯基溴化镁、2-萘基溴化镁、3,5-二叔丁基苯基溴化镁、3,5-二甲基苯基溴化镁中任意一种;
(2)以无水二氯甲烷为溶剂,将BODIPY 3和N-碘代丁二酰亚胺在室温下搅拌反应10分钟,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到BODIPY 4;
(3)在氮气氛围下,将BODIPY 4、芳基硼酸加入1,4-二氧六环与乙醇、水体积比为2:1:1的混合溶剂中,然后加入K3PO4、四(三苯基磷)钯,在90℃下回流反应12小时,反应完后加水淬灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸干,硅胶柱色谱层析分离,得到有机光敏剂;
上述的芳基硼酸为苯硼酸、3,5-二叔丁基苯硼酸、3,5-二甲基苯硼酸、2-萘硼酸、3-噻吩硼酸、4-联苯硼酸、二苯并噻吩-2-硼酸、2-蒽硼酸、2-菲硼酸、4-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯硼酸、(6-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)-2-萘)硼酸中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的有机光敏剂的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述BODIPY2与芳基格氏试剂的摩尔比为1:8~20。
5.根据权利要求3所述的有机光敏剂的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述BODIPY3与N-碘代丁二酰亚胺的摩尔比为1:3~5。
6.根据权利要求3所述的有机光敏剂的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,所述BODIPY4、芳基硼酸、K3PO4、四(三苯基磷)钯的摩尔比为1:3~5:5~7:0.05~0.2。
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